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examples/Base/tcharexample/tcharexample.cpp

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// Copyright (c) 2008-2009 Nokia Corporation and/or its subsidiary(-ies).
// All rights reserved.
// This component and the accompanying materials are made available
// under the terms of "Eclipse Public License v1.0"
// which accompanies this distribution, and is available
// at the URL "http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html".
//
// Initial Contributors:
// Nokia Corporation - initial contribution.
//
// Contributors:
//
// Description:
// This example program demonstrates the TChar, TCharF, TCharLC and TCharUC character classes.
//



#include "tcharexample.h"

static CConsoleBase* console;

CTCharExample::CTCharExample()
        {
        }

void CTCharExample::ConstructL()
        {
        _LIT(KTitle, "\r\nTChar Example" );
        console = Console::NewL(KTitle, TSize(KConsFullScreen, KConsFullScreen));
        
        _LIT(KWelcome, "\r\nWelcome to the TChar example application");
        console->Printf(KWelcome);
        }

CTCharExample::~CTCharExample()
        {
        delete console;
        }

CTCharExample* CTCharExample::NewL()
        {
        CTCharExample* self = new(ELeave)CTCharExample();
        CleanupStack::PushL(self);
        self->ConstructL();
        CleanupStack::Pop(self);
        return self;
        }

void PrintIsXXXFunction(TChar aCharValue)
        {
        if(aCharValue.IsLower())
                {
                _LIT(KLower," The character is lowercase\r\n");
                console->Printf(KLower);
                }
        if(aCharValue.IsUpper())
                {
                _LIT(KUpper," The character is uppercase\r\n");
                console->Printf(KUpper);
                }
        if(aCharValue.IsAlpha())
                {
                _LIT(KAlpha," The character is alphabetic\r\n"); 
                console->Printf(KAlpha);
                }
        if(aCharValue.IsDigit())
                {
                _LIT(KDigit," The character is a digit\r\n");
                console->Printf(KDigit);
                }
        if(aCharValue.IsHexDigit())
                {
                _LIT(KHexDigit," The character is a hexadecimal digit\r\n");
                console->Printf(KHexDigit);
                }
        if(aCharValue.IsSpace())
                {
                _LIT(KSpace," The character is a space\r\n");
                console->Printf(KSpace);
                }
        if(aCharValue.IsPunctuation())
                {
                _LIT(KPunctuation," The character is punctuation\r\n");
                console->Printf(KPunctuation);
                }
        else if(aCharValue.IsPrint())
                {
                _LIT(KPrint," The character is printable\r\n");
                console->Printf(KPrint);
                }
        }
    
void TCharIsXXXFunctions()
        {
        _LIT(KEnterAKey,"\r\nEnter a character to process with the TChar::IsXXX() functions: ");
        console->Printf(KEnterAKey);
        
        TChar charValue = console->Getch();
        _LIT(KPrintChar,"%C\r\n");
        console->Printf(KPrintChar, (TUint)charValue);
        
        // Get and print the character type using the IsXXX() functions.
        PrintIsXXXFunction(charValue);
        }
        
void TCharGetXXXFunctions()
        {
        _LIT(KEnterAKey,"\r\nEnter a character to process with the TChar:GetXXX() functions: ");
        console->Printf(KEnterAKey);
        _LIT(KPrintChar,"%C\r\n");
        TChar charValue = console->Getch();
        
        console->Printf(KPrintChar, (TUint)charValue);

        // Gets the combining class of the character.
        TInt getCombiningClass = charValue.GetCombiningClass();
        _LIT(KCharCombNotClassMsg," The character does not have a combining class\r\n");
        _LIT(KCharCombClassMsg," The character has %d combining classes\r\n");
        if(getCombiningClass == 0)
                console->Printf(KCharCombNotClassMsg);
        else
                console->Printf(KCharCombClassMsg, getCombiningClass);
        
        _LIT(KENeutalWidthMsg," ENeutralWidth: This character type includes 'ambiguous width' as defined in Unicode Technical Report 11: East Asian Width\r\n");
        _LIT(KEHaldWidthMsg," EHalfWidth: This character occupies a single cell\r\n");
        _LIT(KEFullWidthMsg," EFullWidth: This character occupies 2 cells\r\n");
        _LIT(KENarrowMsg," ENarrow: This character is narrow and has explicit full-width counterparts\r\n");
        _LIT(KEWideMsg," EWide: This character is wide\r\n");
        _LIT(KNoWidthMsg," This character has no width defined\r\n");
        // Gets and prints the Chinese, Japanese, Korean (CJK) notional width of the character.
        TChar::TCjkWidth cjkWidth = charValue.GetCjkWidth();
        switch(cjkWidth)
                {
                case TChar::ENeutralWidth:
                        console->Printf(KENeutalWidthMsg);
                        break;
                case TChar::EHalfWidth:
                        console->Printf(KEHaldWidthMsg);
                        break;
                case TChar::EFullWidth:
                        console->Printf(KEFullWidthMsg);
                        break;  
                case TChar::ENarrow:
                        console->Printf(KENarrowMsg);
                        break;
                case TChar::EWide:
                        console->Printf(KEWideMsg);
                        break;
                default:
                        console->Printf(KNoWidthMsg);
                }

        // Prints the different cases if the character is alphabetic.
        if(charValue.IsAlpha())
                {
                // Gets the character after conversion to uppercase (or returns the character itself if no uppercase form exists).
                TUint getCaseValue = charValue.GetUpperCase();
                _LIT(KAferConv2UpMsg," The character after conversion to upper case is %C:\r\n");
                console->Printf(KAferConv2UpMsg, getCaseValue);
        
                // Gets the character after conversion to lowercase (or the character itself if no lowercase form exists).
                getCaseValue = charValue.GetLowerCase();
                _LIT(KAferConv2LowerMsg," The character after conversion to lower case is %C:\r\n"); 
                console->Printf(KAferConv2LowerMsg, getCaseValue);

                // Gets the character after conversion to title-case (or the character itself if no title-case form exists).
                getCaseValue = charValue.GetTitleCase();
                _LIT(KAferConv2TitleMsg," The character after conversion to title case is %C:\r\n");
                console->Printf(KAferConv2TitleMsg, getCaseValue);
                }
        }
        

void TCharInfoFunctions()
        {
        _LIT(KEnterAKey,"\r\nTCharInfo holds all character information\r\nEnter a character to process with TCharInfo: ");
        console->Printf(KEnterAKey);
        
        TChar enteredCharacter = console->Getch();
        _LIT(KPrintChar,"%C\r\n");
        console->Printf(KPrintChar, (TUint)enteredCharacter);
        
        // A structure to hold information about the character.
        TChar::TCharInfo charInfo;
        
        enteredCharacter.GetInfo(charInfo);
        
        // Gets the combining class of the entered character.
        // This determines the relationship between characters in a string
        TInt numberOfCombiningClass = charInfo.iCombiningClass;
        _LIT(KCharCombNotClassMsg," The character does not have a combining class\r\n");
        _LIT(KCharCombClassMsg," The character has %d combining classes\r\n");
        if(numberOfCombiningClass <= 0)
                console->Printf(KCharCombNotClassMsg);
        else
                console->Printf(KCharCombClassMsg, numberOfCombiningClass);

        // Returns True if the character is mirrored.
        // Mirrored characters can change direction according to the directionality of the surrounding characters
        TBool booleanValue = charInfo.iMirrored;
        _LIT(KCharMirroredMsg," The character is mirrored\r\n");
        _LIT(KCharNotMirroredMsg," The character is not mirrored\r\n");
        if(booleanValue)        
                console->Printf(KCharMirroredMsg);
        else
                console->Printf(KCharNotMirroredMsg);
        
        // Gets the numeric value of the character (-1 if none, -2 if a fraction).
        TInt getNumericValue = charInfo.iNumericValue;
        _LIT(KCharNoNumericMsg," The character has no numeric value\r\n");
        _LIT(KCharNumericFractionMsg, " The character is a fraction\r\n");
        if(getNumericValue == -1)       
                console->Printf(KCharNoNumericMsg);
        else if(getNumericValue == -2)  
                console->Printf(KCharNumericFractionMsg);
        
        // Print the different cases if the character is alphabetic.
        if(enteredCharacter.IsAlpha())
                {
                // Gets and prints the title-case form of the character.
                TUint caseValue = charInfo.iTitleCase;
                _LIT(KAferConv2TitleMsg," The character after conversion to title case is %C\r\n");
                console->Printf(KAferConv2TitleMsg, caseValue);
        
                // Gets and prints the upper case form of the character.
                caseValue = charInfo.iUpperCase;
                _LIT(KAferConv2UpMsg," The character after conversion to upper case is %C\r\n");
                console->Printf(KAferConv2UpMsg, caseValue);    
        
                // Gets and prints the lower case form of the character.
                caseValue = charInfo.iLowerCase;
                _LIT(KAferConv2LowerMsg," The character after conversion to lower case is %C\r\n"); 
                console->Printf(KAferConv2LowerMsg, caseValue); 
                } 
        }


void CTCharExample::UseTCharFunctions()
        {
        //Split the TChar functions into logical groups. 
        TInt userChoice = 0;
                do
                {
                _LIT(KLoopMessage, "\r\nTChar function menu.\r\n 1 to use the IsXXX() functions,\r\n 2 to use the Getxxx() functions,\r\n 3 to use the TCharInfo class,\r\n or 0 to return to the main menu.\r\n");
                console->Printf(KLoopMessage);
                
                userChoice = console->Getch();
                
                switch(userChoice) 
                        {
                        case '1':
                                // Use the TChar::IsXXX() functions
                                TCharIsXXXFunctions();
                                break;  
        
                        case '2':
                                // Use the TChar::GetXXX(); functions
                                TCharGetXXXFunctions();
                                break;
                
                        case '3':
                                // Use TCharInfo functions
                                TCharInfoFunctions();   
                                break;
                                        
                        case '0':
                                // Exit
                                break;
                                
                        default:
                                {
                                _LIT(KEnterValidMsg, "\r\nEnter a valid character.\r\n");
                                console->Printf(KEnterValidMsg);
                                }
                        
                        }
                        
                } while (userChoice != '0');
        }

void CTCharExample::UseTCharFFunctions()
        {       
        _LIT(KEnterALowerCaseChar,"\r\nTCharF ignores character differences like case and accent.\r\n Enter a character: ");
        console->Printf(KEnterALowerCaseChar);

        // Gets a character from the console.
        TChar enteredLowerChar = console->Getch();
        _LIT(KPrintChar,"%C\r\n");
        console->Printf(KPrintChar, (TUint)enteredLowerChar);
        
        _LIT(KEnterAnUpperCaseChar," Enter the same character but with a different case or accent.\r\n (use the 'Alt Gr' key to produce an accent): ");
        console->Printf(KEnterAnUpperCaseChar);

        // Gets a character from the console.
        TChar enteredUpperChar = console->Getch();
        console->Printf(KPrintChar, (TUint)enteredUpperChar);
        
        // TCharF folds a specified character so that character differences like case and accents are ignored.
        TCharF lowerCaseValue(enteredLowerChar);
        TCharF upperCaseValue(enteredUpperChar);
        
        // Test both lower and upper case value using TCharF.
        if (lowerCaseValue == upperCaseValue)
                {
                _LIT(KCharEquiMsg," The characters are equivalent\r\n");
                console->Printf(KCharEquiMsg);
                }
        else
                {
                _LIT(KCharNotEquiMsg, " The characters are not equivalent\r\n");
                console->Printf(KCharNotEquiMsg);
                }               
        }

void CTCharExample::UseTCharLCFunctions()
        {
        
        _LIT(KEnterACharForTCharLC,"\r\nTCharLC converts a character to lower case\r\n Enter an upper case character to process with TCharLC: ");
        console->Printf(KEnterACharForTCharLC);

        // Gets a character from the console.
        TChar charValue = console->Getch();
        _LIT(KPrintChar,"%C\r\n");
        console->Printf(KPrintChar, (TUint)charValue);
        
        // Convert and print the character.
        TCharLC convertedCharToLowerCase(charValue);
                
        _LIT(KConvertedTCharLC, "\r\n After conversion the character is: ");
        console->Printf(KConvertedTCharLC);
        console->Printf(KPrintChar,(TUint)convertedCharToLowerCase);
        }
        
void CTCharExample::UseTCharUCFunctions()
        {       
        _LIT(KEnterACharForTCharUC,"\r\nTCharUC converts a character to upper case\r\n Enter a lower case character to process with TCharLC: ");
        console->Printf(KEnterACharForTCharUC);
        _LIT(KPrintChar,"%C\r\n");
        // Gets a character from the console.
        TChar charValue = console->Getch();
        console->Printf(KPrintChar, (TUint)charValue);
        
        // Convert and print the character.
        TCharUC convertedCharUC(charValue);
                
        _LIT(KConvertedTCharUC, "\r\n After conversion the character is: ");
        console->Printf(KConvertedTCharUC);
        console->Printf(KPrintChar,(TUint)convertedCharUC);
        }       
        

void MainL()
        {
        CTCharExample* app = CTCharExample::NewL();
        CleanupStack::PushL(app);

        TInt userChoice = 0;

        do
                {
                _LIT(KLoopMessage, "\r\nPress 1 to use the TChar functions,\r\n 2 to use the TCharF function,\r\n 3 to use the TCharLC function,\r\n 4 to use the TCharUC function,\r\n or 0 to exit the application.\r\n");
                console->Printf(KLoopMessage);
                
                userChoice = console->Getch();
                
                switch(userChoice) 
                        {
                        case '1':
                                // Use functions belonging to the TChar character class.
                                app->UseTCharFunctions();
                                break;  
        
                        case '2':
                                // Use functions belonging to the TCharF character class.
                                app->UseTCharFFunctions();
                                break;
                
                        case '3':
                                // Use functions belonging to the TCharLC character class.
                                app->UseTCharLCFunctions();     
                                break;
        
                        case '4':
                                // Use functions belonging to the TCharUC character class.
                                app->UseTCharUCFunctions();
                                break;
                        
                        case '0':
                                // Exit
                                break;
                        
                        default:
                                _LIT(KEnterValidMsg, "\r\nEnter a valid character.\r\n");                       
                                console->Printf(KEnterValidMsg);
                        }
                        
                } while (userChoice != '0');
                
                CleanupStack::PopAndDestroy(app);
        } 

extern TInt E32Main()
        {
        __UHEAP_MARK;

        CTrapCleanup* cleanup = CTrapCleanup::New();
        if(cleanup == NULL)
                {
                return KErrNoMemory;
                }
        TRAPD(err, MainL());
        if(err !=KErrNone)
                {
                _LIT(KFailed, "\nFailed to complete");
                User::Panic(KFailed, err);
                }       
        delete cleanup;

        __UHEAP_MARKEND;
        return KErrNone;
        }
  
  
  
  
 
 
 

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Copyright ©2010 Nokia Corporation and/or its subsidiary(-ies).
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise stated, these materials are provided under the terms of the Eclipse Public License v1.0.