:mod:`queue` --- A synchronized queue class

===========================================

.. module:: Queue

   :synopsis: A synchronized queue class.

.. note::

   The :mod:`Queue` module has been renamed to :mod:`queue` in Python 3.0.  The

   :term:`2to3` tool will automatically adapt imports when converting your

   sources to 3.0.

The :mod:`Queue` module implements multi-producer, multi-consumer queues.

It is especially useful in threaded programming when information must be

exchanged safely between multiple threads.  The :class:`Queue` class in this

module implements all the required locking semantics.  It depends on the

availability of thread support in Python; see the :mod:`threading`

module.

Implements three types of queue whose only difference is the order that

the entries are retrieved.  In a FIFO queue, the first tasks added are

the first retrieved. In a LIFO queue, the most recently added entry is

the first retrieved (operating like a stack).  With a priority queue,

the entries are kept sorted (using the :mod:`heapq` module) and the

lowest valued entry is retrieved first.

The :mod:`Queue` module defines the following classes and exceptions:

.. class:: Queue(maxsize)

   Constructor for a FIFO queue.  *maxsize* is an integer that sets the upperbound

   limit on the number of items that can be placed in the queue.  Insertion will

   block once this size has been reached, until queue items are consumed.  If

   *maxsize* is less than or equal to zero, the queue size is infinite.

.. class:: LifoQueue(maxsize)

   Constructor for a LIFO queue.  *maxsize* is an integer that sets the upperbound

   limit on the number of items that can be placed in the queue.  Insertion will

   block once this size has been reached, until queue items are consumed.  If

   *maxsize* is less than or equal to zero, the queue size is infinite.

   .. versionadded:: 2.6

.. class:: PriorityQueue(maxsize)

   Constructor for a priority queue.  *maxsize* is an integer that sets the upperbound

   limit on the number of items that can be placed in the queue.  Insertion will

   block once this size has been reached, until queue items are consumed.  If

   *maxsize* is less than or equal to zero, the queue size is infinite.

   The lowest valued entries are retrieved first (the lowest valued entry is the

   one returned by ``sorted(list(entries))[0]``).  A typical pattern for entries

   is a tuple in the form: ``(priority_number, data)``.

   .. versionadded:: 2.6

.. exception:: Empty

   Exception raised when non-blocking :meth:`get` (or :meth:`get_nowait`) is called

   on a :class:`Queue` object which is empty.

.. exception:: Full

   Exception raised when non-blocking :meth:`put` (or :meth:`put_nowait`) is called

   on a :class:`Queue` object which is full.

.. _queueobjects:

Queue Objects

-------------

Queue objects (:class:`Queue`, :class:`LifoQueue`, or :class:`PriorityQueue`)

provide the public methods described below.

.. method:: Queue.qsize()

   Return the approximate size of the queue.  Note, qsize() > 0 doesn't

   guarantee that a subsequent get() will not block, nor will qsize() < maxsize

   guarantee that put() will not block.

.. method:: Queue.empty()

   Return ``True`` if the queue is empty, ``False`` otherwise.  If empty()

   returns ``True`` it doesn't guarantee that a subsequent call to put()

   will not block.  Similarly, if empty() returns ``False`` it doesn't

   guarantee that a subsequent call to get() will not block.

.. method:: Queue.full()

   Return ``True`` if the queue is full, ``False`` otherwise.  If full()

   returns ``True`` it doesn't guarantee that a subsequent call to get()

   will not block.  Similarly, if full() returns ``False`` it doesn't

   guarantee that a subsequent call to put() will not block.

.. method:: Queue.put(item[, block[, timeout]])

   Put *item* into the queue. If optional args *block* is true and *timeout* is

   None (the default), block if necessary until a free slot is available. If

   *timeout* is a positive number, it blocks at most *timeout* seconds and raises

   the :exc:`Full` exception if no free slot was available within that time.

   Otherwise (*block* is false), put an item on the queue if a free slot is

   immediately available, else raise the :exc:`Full` exception (*timeout* is

   ignored in that case).

   .. versionadded:: 2.3

      The *timeout* parameter.

.. method:: Queue.put_nowait(item)

   Equivalent to ``put(item, False)``.

.. method:: Queue.get([block[, timeout]])

   Remove and return an item from the queue. If optional args *block* is true and

   *timeout* is None (the default), block if necessary until an item is available.

   If *timeout* is a positive number, it blocks at most *timeout* seconds and

   raises the :exc:`Empty` exception if no item was available within that time.

   Otherwise (*block* is false), return an item if one is immediately available,

   else raise the :exc:`Empty` exception (*timeout* is ignored in that case).

   .. versionadded:: 2.3

      The *timeout* parameter.

.. method:: Queue.get_nowait()

   Equivalent to ``get(False)``.

Two methods are offered to support tracking whether enqueued tasks have been

fully processed by daemon consumer threads.

.. method:: Queue.task_done()

   Indicate that a formerly enqueued task is complete.  Used by queue consumer

   threads.  For each :meth:`get` used to fetch a task, a subsequent call to

   :meth:`task_done` tells the queue that the processing on the task is complete.

   If a :meth:`join` is currently blocking, it will resume when all items have been

   processed (meaning that a :meth:`task_done` call was received for every item

   that had been :meth:`put` into the queue).

   Raises a :exc:`ValueError` if called more times than there were items placed in

   the queue.

   .. versionadded:: 2.5

.. method:: Queue.join()

   Blocks until all items in the queue have been gotten and processed.

   The count of unfinished tasks goes up whenever an item is added to the queue.

   The count goes down whenever a consumer thread calls :meth:`task_done` to

   indicate that the item was retrieved and all work on it is complete. When the

   count of unfinished tasks drops to zero, join() unblocks.

   .. versionadded:: 2.5

Example of how to wait for enqueued tasks to be completed::

   def worker():

       while True:

           item = q.get()

           do_work(item)

           q.task_done()

   q = Queue()

   for i in range(num_worker_threads):

        t = Thread(target=worker)

        t.setDaemon(True)

        t.start()

   for item in source():

       q.put(item)

   q.join()       # block until all tasks are done