FCL/sf/adapt/qemu: comparison symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12/python-2.6.1/Objects/unicodeobject.c

equal deleted inserted replaced

-:ffa851df0825
+:2fb8b9db1c86
+/*
+Unicode implementation based on original code by Fredrik Lundh,
+modified by Marc-Andre Lemburg <mal@lemburg.com> according to the
+Unicode Integration Proposal (see file Misc/unicode.txt).
+Major speed upgrades to the method implementations at the Reykjavik
+NeedForSpeed sprint, by Fredrik Lundh and Andrew Dalke.
+Copyright (c) Corporation for National Research Initiatives.
+--------------------------------------------------------------------
+The original string type implementation is:
+Copyright (c) 1999 by Secret Labs AB
+Copyright (c) 1999 by Fredrik Lundh
+By obtaining, using, and/or copying this software and/or its
+associated documentation, you agree that you have read, understood,
+and will comply with the following terms and conditions:
+Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
+associated documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby
+granted, provided that the above copyright notice appears in all
+copies, and that both that copyright notice and this permission notice
+appear in supporting documentation, and that the name of Secret Labs
+AB or the author not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
+distribution of the software without specific, written prior
+permission.
+SECRET LABS AB AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO
+THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
+FITNESS.  IN NO EVENT SHALL SECRET LABS AB OR THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
+OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+--------------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
+#define PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN
+#include "Python.h"
+#include "unicodeobject.h"
+#include "ucnhash.h"
+#ifdef MS_WINDOWS
+#include <windows.h>
+#endif
+/* Limit for the Unicode object free list */
+#define PyUnicode_MAXFREELIST       1024
+/* Limit for the Unicode object free list stay alive optimization.
+The implementation will keep allocated Unicode memory intact for
+all objects on the free list having a size less than this
+limit. This reduces malloc() overhead for small Unicode objects.
+At worst this will result in PyUnicode_MAXFREELIST *
+(sizeof(PyUnicodeObject) + KEEPALIVE_SIZE_LIMIT +
+malloc()-overhead) bytes of unused garbage.
+Setting the limit to 0 effectively turns the feature off.
+Note: This is an experimental feature ! If you get core dumps when
+using Unicode objects, turn this feature off.
+*/
+#define KEEPALIVE_SIZE_LIMIT       9
+/* Endianness switches; defaults to little endian */
+#ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
+# define BYTEORDER_IS_BIG_ENDIAN
+#else
+# define BYTEORDER_IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN
+#endif
+/* --- Globals ------------------------------------------------------------
+The globals are initialized by the _PyUnicode_Init() API and should
+not be used before calling that API.
+*/
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+/* Free list for Unicode objects */
+static PyUnicodeObject *free_list;
+static int numfree;
+/* The empty Unicode object is shared to improve performance. */
+static PyUnicodeObject *unicode_empty;
+/* Single character Unicode strings in the Latin-1 range are being
+shared as well. */
+static PyUnicodeObject *unicode_latin1[256];
+/* Default encoding to use and assume when NULL is passed as encoding
+parameter; it is initialized by _PyUnicode_Init().
+Always use the PyUnicode_SetDefaultEncoding() and
+PyUnicode_GetDefaultEncoding() APIs to access this global.
+*/
+static char unicode_default_encoding[100];
+/* Fast detection of the most frequent whitespace characters */
+const unsigned char _Py_ascii_whitespace[] = {
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+/*     case 0x0009: * HORIZONTAL TABULATION */
+/*     case 0x000A: * LINE FEED */
+/*     case 0x000B: * VERTICAL TABULATION */
+/*     case 0x000C: * FORM FEED */
+/*     case 0x000D: * CARRIAGE RETURN */
+	0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+/*     case 0x001C: * FILE SEPARATOR */
+/*     case 0x001D: * GROUP SEPARATOR */
+/*     case 0x001E: * RECORD SEPARATOR */
+/*     case 0x001F: * UNIT SEPARATOR */
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+/*     case 0x0020: * SPACE */
+	1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
+};
+/* Same for linebreaks */
+static unsigned char ascii_linebreak[] = {
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+/*         0x000A, * LINE FEED */
+/*         0x000D, * CARRIAGE RETURN */
+	0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+/*         0x001C, * FILE SEPARATOR */
+/*         0x001D, * GROUP SEPARATOR */
+/*         0x001E, * RECORD SEPARATOR */
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
+};
+Py_UNICODE
+PyUnicode_GetMax(void)
+{
+#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+	return 0x10FFFF;
+#else
+	/* This is actually an illegal character, so it should
+	   not be passed to unichr. */
+	return 0xFFFF;
+#endif
+}
+/* --- Bloom Filters ----------------------------------------------------- */
+/* stuff to implement simple "bloom filters" for Unicode characters.
+to keep things simple, we use a single bitmask, using the least 5
+bits from each unicode characters as the bit index. */
+/* the linebreak mask is set up by Unicode_Init below */
+#define BLOOM_MASK unsigned long
+static BLOOM_MASK bloom_linebreak;
+#define BLOOM(mask, ch) ((mask & (1 << ((ch) & 0x1F))))
+#define BLOOM_LINEBREAK(ch) \
+((ch) < 128U ? ascii_linebreak[(ch)] : \
+(BLOOM(bloom_linebreak, (ch)) && Py_UNICODE_ISLINEBREAK(ch)))
+Py_LOCAL_INLINE(BLOOM_MASK) make_bloom_mask(Py_UNICODE* ptr, Py_ssize_t len)
+{
+/* calculate simple bloom-style bitmask for a given unicode string */
+long mask;
+Py_ssize_t i;
+mask = 0;
+for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
+mask |= (1 << (ptr[i] & 0x1F));
+return mask;
+}
+Py_LOCAL_INLINE(int) unicode_member(Py_UNICODE chr, Py_UNICODE* set, Py_ssize_t setlen)
+{
+Py_ssize_t i;
+for (i = 0; i < setlen; i++)
+if (set[i] == chr)
+return 1;
+return 0;
+}
+#define BLOOM_MEMBER(mask, chr, set, setlen)\
+BLOOM(mask, chr) && unicode_member(chr, set, setlen)
+/* --- Unicode Object ----------------------------------------------------- */
+static
+int unicode_resize(register PyUnicodeObject *unicode,
+Py_ssize_t length)
+{
+void *oldstr;
+/* Shortcut if there's nothing much to do. */
+if (unicode->length == length)
+	goto reset;
+/* Resizing shared object (unicode_empty or single character
+objects) in-place is not allowed. Use PyUnicode_Resize()
+instead ! */
+if (unicode == unicode_empty ||
+	(unicode->length == 1 &&
+	 unicode->str[0] < 256U &&
+	 unicode_latin1[unicode->str[0]] == unicode)) {
+PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
+"can't resize shared unicode objects");
+return -1;
+}
+/* We allocate one more byte to make sure the string is Ux0000 terminated.
+The overallocation is also used by fastsearch, which assumes that it's
+safe to look at str[length] (without making any assumptions about what
+it contains). */
+oldstr = unicode->str;
+unicode->str = PyObject_REALLOC(unicode->str,
+				    sizeof(Py_UNICODE) * (length + 1));
+if (!unicode->str) {
+	unicode->str = (Py_UNICODE *)oldstr;
+PyErr_NoMemory();
+return -1;
+}
+unicode->str[length] = 0;
+unicode->length = length;
+reset:
+/* Reset the object caches */
+if (unicode->defenc) {
+Py_DECREF(unicode->defenc);
+unicode->defenc = NULL;
+}
+unicode->hash = -1;
+return 0;
+}
+/* We allocate one more byte to make sure the string is
+Ux0000 terminated -- XXX is this needed ?
+XXX This allocator could further be enhanced by assuring that the
+free list never reduces its size below 1.
+*/
+static
+PyUnicodeObject *_PyUnicode_New(Py_ssize_t length)
+{
+register PyUnicodeObject *unicode;
+/* Optimization for empty strings */
+if (length == 0 && unicode_empty != NULL) {
+Py_INCREF(unicode_empty);
+return unicode_empty;
+}
+/* Ensure we won't overflow the size. */
+if (length > ((PY_SSIZE_T_MAX / sizeof(Py_UNICODE)) - 1)) {
+return (PyUnicodeObject *)PyErr_NoMemory();
+}
+/* Unicode freelist & memory allocation */
+if (free_list) {
+unicode = free_list;
+free_list = *(PyUnicodeObject **)unicode;
+numfree--;
+	if (unicode->str) {
+	    /* Keep-Alive optimization: we only upsize the buffer,
+	       never downsize it. */
+	    if ((unicode->length < length) &&
+unicode_resize(unicode, length) < 0) {
+		PyObject_DEL(unicode->str);
+		unicode->str = NULL;
+	    }
+	}
+else {
+	    size_t new_size = sizeof(Py_UNICODE) * ((size_t)length + 1);
+	    unicode->str = (Py_UNICODE*) PyObject_MALLOC(new_size);
+}
+PyObject_INIT(unicode, &PyUnicode_Type);
+}
+else {
+	size_t new_size;
+unicode = PyObject_New(PyUnicodeObject, &PyUnicode_Type);
+if (unicode == NULL)
+return NULL;
+	new_size = sizeof(Py_UNICODE) * ((size_t)length + 1);
+	unicode->str = (Py_UNICODE*) PyObject_MALLOC(new_size);
+}
+if (!unicode->str) {
+	PyErr_NoMemory();
+	goto onError;
+}
+/* Initialize the first element to guard against cases where
+* the caller fails before initializing str -- unicode_resize()
+* reads str[0], and the Keep-Alive optimization can keep memory
+* allocated for str alive across a call to unicode_dealloc(unicode).
+* We don't want unicode_resize to read uninitialized memory in
+* that case.
+*/
+unicode->str[0] = 0;
+unicode->str[length] = 0;
+unicode->length = length;
+unicode->hash = -1;
+unicode->defenc = NULL;
+return unicode;
+onError:
+/* XXX UNREF/NEWREF interface should be more symmetrical */
+_Py_DEC_REFTOTAL;
+_Py_ForgetReference((PyObject *)unicode);
+PyObject_Del(unicode);
+return NULL;
+}
+static
+void unicode_dealloc(register PyUnicodeObject *unicode)
+{
+if (PyUnicode_CheckExact(unicode) &&
+	numfree < PyUnicode_MAXFREELIST) {
+/* Keep-Alive optimization */
+	if (unicode->length >= KEEPALIVE_SIZE_LIMIT) {
+	    PyObject_DEL(unicode->str);
+	    unicode->str = NULL;
+	    unicode->length = 0;
+	}
+	if (unicode->defenc) {
+	    Py_DECREF(unicode->defenc);
+	    unicode->defenc = NULL;
+	}
+	/* Add to free list */
+*(PyUnicodeObject **)unicode = free_list;
+free_list = unicode;
+numfree++;
+}
+else {
+	PyObject_DEL(unicode->str);
+	Py_XDECREF(unicode->defenc);
+	Py_TYPE(unicode)->tp_free((PyObject *)unicode);
+}
+}
+int PyUnicode_Resize(PyObject **unicode, Py_ssize_t length)
+{
+register PyUnicodeObject *v;
+/* Argument checks */
+if (unicode == NULL) {
+	PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+	return -1;
+}
+v = (PyUnicodeObject *)*unicode;
+if (v == NULL || !PyUnicode_Check(v) || Py_REFCNT(v) != 1 || length < 0) {
+	PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+	return -1;
+}
+/* Resizing unicode_empty and single character objects is not
+possible since these are being shared. We simply return a fresh
+copy with the same Unicode content. */
+if (v->length != length &&
+	(v == unicode_empty || v->length == 1)) {
+	PyUnicodeObject *w = _PyUnicode_New(length);
+	if (w == NULL)
+	    return -1;
+	Py_UNICODE_COPY(w->str, v->str,
+			length < v->length ? length : v->length);
+	Py_DECREF(*unicode);
+	*unicode = (PyObject *)w;
+	return 0;
+}
+/* Note that we don't have to modify *unicode for unshared Unicode
+objects, since we can modify them in-place. */
+return unicode_resize(v, length);
+}
+/* Internal API for use in unicodeobject.c only ! */
+#define _PyUnicode_Resize(unicodevar, length) \
+PyUnicode_Resize(((PyObject **)(unicodevar)), length)
+PyObject *PyUnicode_FromUnicode(const Py_UNICODE *u,
+				Py_ssize_t size)
+{
+PyUnicodeObject *unicode;
+/* If the Unicode data is known at construction time, we can apply
+some optimizations which share commonly used objects. */
+if (u != NULL) {
+	/* Optimization for empty strings */
+	if (size == 0 && unicode_empty != NULL) {
+	    Py_INCREF(unicode_empty);
+	    return (PyObject *)unicode_empty;
+	}
+	/* Single character Unicode objects in the Latin-1 range are
+	   shared when using this constructor */
+	if (size == 1 && *u < 256) {
+	    unicode = unicode_latin1[*u];
+	    if (!unicode) {
+		unicode = _PyUnicode_New(1);
+		if (!unicode)
+		    return NULL;
+		unicode->str[0] = *u;
+		unicode_latin1[*u] = unicode;
+	    }
+	    Py_INCREF(unicode);
+	    return (PyObject *)unicode;
+	}
+}
+unicode = _PyUnicode_New(size);
+if (!unicode)
+return NULL;
+/* Copy the Unicode data into the new object */
+if (u != NULL)
+	Py_UNICODE_COPY(unicode->str, u, size);
+return (PyObject *)unicode;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize(const char *u, Py_ssize_t size)
+{
+PyUnicodeObject *unicode;
+	if (size < 0) {
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
+		    "Negative size passed to PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+/* If the Unicode data is known at construction time, we can apply
+some optimizations which share commonly used objects.
+Also, this means the input must be UTF-8, so fall back to the
+UTF-8 decoder at the end. */
+if (u != NULL) {
+	/* Optimization for empty strings */
+	if (size == 0 && unicode_empty != NULL) {
+	    Py_INCREF(unicode_empty);
+	    return (PyObject *)unicode_empty;
+	}
+	/* Single characters are shared when using this constructor.
+Restrict to ASCII, since the input must be UTF-8. */
+	if (size == 1 && Py_CHARMASK(*u) < 128) {
+	    unicode = unicode_latin1[Py_CHARMASK(*u)];
+	    if (!unicode) {
+		unicode = _PyUnicode_New(1);
+		if (!unicode)
+		    return NULL;
+		unicode->str[0] = Py_CHARMASK(*u);
+		unicode_latin1[Py_CHARMASK(*u)] = unicode;
+	    }
+	    Py_INCREF(unicode);
+	    return (PyObject *)unicode;
+	}
+return PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8(u, size, NULL);
+}
+unicode = _PyUnicode_New(size);
+if (!unicode)
+return NULL;
+return (PyObject *)unicode;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_FromString(const char *u)
+{
+size_t size = strlen(u);
+if (size > PY_SSIZE_T_MAX) {
+PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError, "input too long");
+return NULL;
+}
+return PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize(u, size);
+}
+#ifdef HAVE_WCHAR_H
+PyObject *PyUnicode_FromWideChar(register const wchar_t *w,
+				 Py_ssize_t size)
+{
+PyUnicodeObject *unicode;
+if (w == NULL) {
+	PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+	return NULL;
+}
+unicode = _PyUnicode_New(size);
+if (!unicode)
+return NULL;
+/* Copy the wchar_t data into the new object */
+#ifdef HAVE_USABLE_WCHAR_T
+memcpy(unicode->str, w, size * sizeof(wchar_t));
+#else
+{
+	register Py_UNICODE *u;
+	register Py_ssize_t i;
+	u = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(unicode);
+	for (i = size; i > 0; i--)
+	    *u++ = *w++;
+}
+#endif
+return (PyObject *)unicode;
+}
+static void
+makefmt(char *fmt, int longflag, int size_tflag, int zeropad, int width, int precision, char c)
+{
+	*fmt++ = '%';
+	if (width) {
+		if (zeropad)
+			*fmt++ = '0';
+		fmt += sprintf(fmt, "%d", width);
+	}
+	if (precision)
+		fmt += sprintf(fmt, ".%d", precision);
+	if (longflag)
+		*fmt++ = 'l';
+	else if (size_tflag) {
+		char *f = PY_FORMAT_SIZE_T;
+		while (*f)
+			*fmt++ = *f++;
+	}
+	*fmt++ = c;
+	*fmt = '\0';
+}
+#define appendstring(string) {for (copy = string;*copy;) *s++ = *copy++;}
+PyObject *
+PyUnicode_FromFormatV(const char *format, va_list vargs)
+{
+	va_list count;
+	Py_ssize_t callcount = 0;
+	PyObject **callresults = NULL;
+	PyObject **callresult = NULL;
+	Py_ssize_t n = 0;
+	int width = 0;
+	int precision = 0;
+	int zeropad;
+	const char* f;
+	Py_UNICODE *s;
+	PyObject *string;
+	/* used by sprintf */
+	char buffer[21];
+	/* use abuffer instead of buffer, if we need more space
+	 * (which can happen if there's a format specifier with width). */
+	char *abuffer = NULL;
+	char *realbuffer;
+	Py_ssize_t abuffersize = 0;
+	char fmt[60]; /* should be enough for %0width.precisionld */
+	const char *copy;
+#ifdef VA_LIST_IS_ARRAY
+	Py_MEMCPY(count, vargs, sizeof(va_list));
+#else
+#ifdef  __va_copy
+	__va_copy(count, vargs);
+#else
+	count = vargs;
+#endif
+#endif
+	/* step 1: count the number of %S/%R format specifications
+	 * (we call PyObject_Str()/PyObject_Repr() for these objects
+	 * once during step 3 and put the result in an array) */
+	for (f = format; *f; f++) {
+		if (*f == '%' && (*(f+1)=='S' || *(f+1)=='R'))
+			++callcount;
+	}
+	/* step 2: allocate memory for the results of
+	 * PyObject_Str()/PyObject_Repr() calls */
+	if (callcount) {
+		callresults = PyObject_Malloc(sizeof(PyObject *)*callcount);
+		if (!callresults) {
+			PyErr_NoMemory();
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		callresult = callresults;
+	}
+	/* step 3: figure out how large a buffer we need */
+	for (f = format; *f; f++) {
+		if (*f == '%') {
+			const char* p = f;
+			width = 0;
+			while (isdigit((unsigned)*f))
+				width = (width*10) + *f++ - '0';
+			while (*++f && *f != '%' && !isalpha((unsigned)*f))
+				;
+			/* skip the 'l' or 'z' in {%ld, %zd, %lu, %zu} since
+			 * they don't affect the amount of space we reserve.
+			 */
+			if ((*f == 'l' || *f == 'z') &&
+					(f[1] == 'd' || f[1] == 'u'))
+++f;
+			switch (*f) {
+			case 'c':
+				(void)va_arg(count, int);
+				/* fall through... */
+			case '%':
+				n++;
+				break;
+			case 'd': case 'u': case 'i': case 'x':
+				(void) va_arg(count, int);
+				/* 20 bytes is enough to hold a 64-bit
+				   integer.  Decimal takes the most space.
+				   This isn't enough for octal.
+				   If a width is specified we need more
+				   (which we allocate later). */
+				if (width < 20)
+					width = 20;
+				n += width;
+				if (abuffersize < width)
+					abuffersize = width;
+				break;
+			case 's':
+			{
+				/* UTF-8 */
+				unsigned char*s;
+				s = va_arg(count, unsigned char*);
+				while (*s) {
+					if (*s < 128) {
+						n++; s++;
+					} else if (*s < 0xc0) {
+						/* invalid UTF-8 */
+						n++; s++;
+					} else if (*s < 0xc0) {
+						n++;
+						s++; if(!*s)break;
+						s++;
+					} else if (*s < 0xe0) {
+						n++;
+						s++; if(!*s)break;
+						s++; if(!*s)break;
+						s++;
+					} else {
+						#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+						n++;
+						#else
+						n+=2;
+						#endif
+						s++; if(!*s)break;
+						s++; if(!*s)break;
+						s++; if(!*s)break;
+						s++;
+					}
+				}
+				break;
+			}
+			case 'U':
+			{
+				PyObject *obj = va_arg(count, PyObject *);
+				assert(obj && PyUnicode_Check(obj));
+				n += PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(obj);
+				break;
+			}
+			case 'V':
+			{
+				PyObject *obj = va_arg(count, PyObject *);
+				const char *str = va_arg(count, const char *);
+				assert(obj || str);
+				assert(!obj || PyUnicode_Check(obj));
+				if (obj)
+					n += PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(obj);
+				else
+					n += strlen(str);
+				break;
+			}
+			case 'S':
+			{
+				PyObject *obj = va_arg(count, PyObject *);
+				PyObject *str;
+				assert(obj);
+				str = PyObject_Str(obj);
+				if (!str)
+					goto fail;
+				n += PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(str);
+				/* Remember the str and switch to the next slot */
+				*callresult++ = str;
+				break;
+			}
+			case 'R':
+			{
+				PyObject *obj = va_arg(count, PyObject *);
+				PyObject *repr;
+				assert(obj);
+				repr = PyObject_Repr(obj);
+				if (!repr)
+					goto fail;
+				n += PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(repr);
+				/* Remember the repr and switch to the next slot */
+				*callresult++ = repr;
+				break;
+			}
+			case 'p':
+				(void) va_arg(count, int);
+				/* maximum 64-bit pointer representation:
+				 * 0xffffffffffffffff
+				 * so 19 characters is enough.
+				 * XXX I count 18 -- what's the extra for?
+				 */
+				n += 19;
+				break;
+			default:
+				/* if we stumble upon an unknown
+				   formatting code, copy the rest of
+				   the format string to the output
+				   string. (we cannot just skip the
+				   code, since there's no way to know
+				   what's in the argument list) */
+				n += strlen(p);
+				goto expand;
+			}
+		} else
+			n++;
+	}
+expand:
+	if (abuffersize > 20) {
+		abuffer = PyObject_Malloc(abuffersize);
+		if (!abuffer) {
+			PyErr_NoMemory();
+			goto fail;
+		}
+		realbuffer = abuffer;
+	}
+	else
+		realbuffer = buffer;
+	/* step 4: fill the buffer */
+	/* Since we've analyzed how much space we need for the worst case,
+	   we don't have to resize the string.
+	   There can be no errors beyond this point. */
+	string = PyUnicode_FromUnicode(NULL, n);
+	if (!string)
+		goto fail;
+	s = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(string);
+	callresult = callresults;
+	for (f = format; *f; f++) {
+		if (*f == '%') {
+			const char* p = f++;
+			int longflag = 0;
+			int size_tflag = 0;
+			zeropad = (*f == '0');
+			/* parse the width.precision part */
+			width = 0;
+			while (isdigit((unsigned)*f))
+				width = (width*10) + *f++ - '0';
+			precision = 0;
+			if (*f == '.') {
+				f++;
+				while (isdigit((unsigned)*f))
+					precision = (precision*10) + *f++ - '0';
+			}
+			/* handle the long flag, but only for %ld and %lu.
+			   others can be added when necessary. */
+			if (*f == 'l' && (f[1] == 'd' || f[1] == 'u')) {
+				longflag = 1;
+				++f;
+			}
+			/* handle the size_t flag. */
+			if (*f == 'z' && (f[1] == 'd' || f[1] == 'u')) {
+				size_tflag = 1;
+				++f;
+			}
+			switch (*f) {
+			case 'c':
+				*s++ = va_arg(vargs, int);
+				break;
+			case 'd':
+				makefmt(fmt, longflag, size_tflag, zeropad, width, precision, 'd');
+				if (longflag)
+					sprintf(realbuffer, fmt, va_arg(vargs, long));
+				else if (size_tflag)
+					sprintf(realbuffer, fmt, va_arg(vargs, Py_ssize_t));
+				else
+					sprintf(realbuffer, fmt, va_arg(vargs, int));
+				appendstring(realbuffer);
+				break;
+			case 'u':
+				makefmt(fmt, longflag, size_tflag, zeropad, width, precision, 'u');
+				if (longflag)
+					sprintf(realbuffer, fmt, va_arg(vargs, unsigned long));
+				else if (size_tflag)
+					sprintf(realbuffer, fmt, va_arg(vargs, size_t));
+				else
+					sprintf(realbuffer, fmt, va_arg(vargs, unsigned int));
+				appendstring(realbuffer);
+				break;
+			case 'i':
+				makefmt(fmt, 0, 0, zeropad, width, precision, 'i');
+				sprintf(realbuffer, fmt, va_arg(vargs, int));
+				appendstring(realbuffer);
+				break;
+			case 'x':
+				makefmt(fmt, 0, 0, zeropad, width, precision, 'x');
+				sprintf(realbuffer, fmt, va_arg(vargs, int));
+				appendstring(realbuffer);
+				break;
+			case 's':
+			{
+				/* Parameter must be UTF-8 encoded.
+				   In case of encoding errors, use
+				   the replacement character. */
+				PyObject *u;
+				p = va_arg(vargs, char*);
+				u = PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8(p, strlen(p),
+							 "replace");
+				if (!u)
+					goto fail;
+				Py_UNICODE_COPY(s, PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(u),
+						PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(u));
+				s += PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(u);
+				Py_DECREF(u);
+				break;
+			}
+			case 'U':
+			{
+				PyObject *obj = va_arg(vargs, PyObject *);
+				Py_ssize_t size = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(obj);
+				Py_UNICODE_COPY(s, PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(obj), size);
+				s += size;
+				break;
+			}
+			case 'V':
+			{
+				PyObject *obj = va_arg(vargs, PyObject *);
+				const char *str = va_arg(vargs, const char *);
+				if (obj) {
+					Py_ssize_t size = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(obj);
+					Py_UNICODE_COPY(s, PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(obj), size);
+					s += size;
+				} else {
+					appendstring(str);
+				}
+				break;
+			}
+			case 'S':
+			case 'R':
+			{
+				Py_UNICODE *ucopy;
+				Py_ssize_t usize;
+				Py_ssize_t upos;
+				/* unused, since we already have the result */
+				(void) va_arg(vargs, PyObject *);
+				ucopy = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(*callresult);
+				usize = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(*callresult);
+				for (upos = 0; upos<usize;)
+					*s++ = ucopy[upos++];
+				/* We're done with the unicode()/repr() => forget it */
+				Py_DECREF(*callresult);
+				/* switch to next unicode()/repr() result */
+				++callresult;
+				break;
+			}
+			case 'p':
+				sprintf(buffer, "%p", va_arg(vargs, void*));
+				/* %p is ill-defined:  ensure leading 0x. */
+				if (buffer[1] == 'X')
+					buffer[1] = 'x';
+				else if (buffer[1] != 'x') {
+					memmove(buffer+2, buffer, strlen(buffer)+1);
+					buffer[0] = '0';
+					buffer[1] = 'x';
+				}
+				appendstring(buffer);
+				break;
+			case '%':
+				*s++ = '%';
+				break;
+			default:
+				appendstring(p);
+				goto end;
+			}
+		} else
+			*s++ = *f;
+	}
+end:
+	if (callresults)
+		PyObject_Free(callresults);
+	if (abuffer)
+		PyObject_Free(abuffer);
+	_PyUnicode_Resize(&string, s - PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(string));
+	return string;
+fail:
+	if (callresults) {
+		PyObject **callresult2 = callresults;
+		while (callresult2 < callresult) {
+			Py_DECREF(*callresult2);
+			++callresult2;
+		}
+		PyObject_Free(callresults);
+	}
+	if (abuffer)
+		PyObject_Free(abuffer);
+	return NULL;
+}
+#undef appendstring
+PyObject *
+PyUnicode_FromFormat(const char *format, ...)
+{
+	PyObject* ret;
+	va_list vargs;
+#ifdef HAVE_STDARG_PROTOTYPES
+	va_start(vargs, format);
+#else
+	va_start(vargs);
+#endif
+	ret = PyUnicode_FromFormatV(format, vargs);
+	va_end(vargs);
+	return ret;
+}
+Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_AsWideChar(PyUnicodeObject *unicode,
+				wchar_t *w,
+				Py_ssize_t size)
+{
+if (unicode == NULL) {
+	PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+	return -1;
+}
+/* If possible, try to copy the 0-termination as well */
+if (size > PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(unicode))
+	size = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(unicode) + 1;
+#ifdef HAVE_USABLE_WCHAR_T
+memcpy(w, unicode->str, size * sizeof(wchar_t));
+#else
+{
+	register Py_UNICODE *u;
+	register Py_ssize_t i;
+	u = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(unicode);
+	for (i = size; i > 0; i--)
+	    *w++ = *u++;
+}
+#endif
+if (size > PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(unicode))
+return PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(unicode);
+else
+return size;
+}
+#endif
+PyObject *PyUnicode_FromOrdinal(int ordinal)
+{
+Py_UNICODE s[1];
+#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+if (ordinal < 0 || ordinal > 0x10ffff) {
+	PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+			"unichr() arg not in range(0x110000) "
+			"(wide Python build)");
+	return NULL;
+}
+#else
+if (ordinal < 0 || ordinal > 0xffff) {
+	PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+			"unichr() arg not in range(0x10000) "
+			"(narrow Python build)");
+	return NULL;
+}
+#endif
+s[0] = (Py_UNICODE)ordinal;
+return PyUnicode_FromUnicode(s, 1);
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_FromObject(register PyObject *obj)
+{
+/* XXX Perhaps we should make this API an alias of
+PyObject_Unicode() instead ?! */
+if (PyUnicode_CheckExact(obj)) {
+	Py_INCREF(obj);
+	return obj;
+}
+if (PyUnicode_Check(obj)) {
+	/* For a Unicode subtype that's not a Unicode object,
+	   return a true Unicode object with the same data. */
+	return PyUnicode_FromUnicode(PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(obj),
+				     PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(obj));
+}
+return PyUnicode_FromEncodedObject(obj, NULL, "strict");
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_FromEncodedObject(register PyObject *obj,
+				      const char *encoding,
+				      const char *errors)
+{
+const char *s = NULL;
+Py_ssize_t len;
+PyObject *v;
+if (obj == NULL) {
+	PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+	return NULL;
+}
+#if 0
+/* For b/w compatibility we also accept Unicode objects provided
+that no encodings is given and then redirect to
+PyObject_Unicode() which then applies the additional logic for
+Unicode subclasses.
+NOTE: This API should really only be used for object which
+represent *encoded* Unicode !
+*/
+	if (PyUnicode_Check(obj)) {
+	    if (encoding) {
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+				"decoding Unicode is not supported");
+	    return NULL;
+	    }
+	return PyObject_Unicode(obj);
+	    }
+#else
+if (PyUnicode_Check(obj)) {
+	PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"decoding Unicode is not supported");
+	return NULL;
+	}
+#endif
+/* Coerce object */
+if (PyString_Check(obj)) {
+	    s = PyString_AS_STRING(obj);
+	    len = PyString_GET_SIZE(obj);
+}
+else if (PyByteArray_Check(obj)) {
+/* Python 2.x specific */
+PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+"decoding bytearray is not supported");
+return NULL;
+}
+else if (PyObject_AsCharBuffer(obj, &s, &len)) {
+	/* Overwrite the error message with something more useful in
+	   case of a TypeError. */
+	if (PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_TypeError))
+	PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+			 "coercing to Unicode: need string or buffer, "
+			 "%.80s found",
+		     Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_name);
+	goto onError;
+}
+/* Convert to Unicode */
+if (len == 0) {
+	Py_INCREF(unicode_empty);
+	v = (PyObject *)unicode_empty;
+}
+else
+	v = PyUnicode_Decode(s, len, encoding, errors);
+return v;
+onError:
+return NULL;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_Decode(const char *s,
+			   Py_ssize_t size,
+			   const char *encoding,
+			   const char *errors)
+{
+PyObject *buffer = NULL, *unicode;
+if (encoding == NULL)
+	encoding = PyUnicode_GetDefaultEncoding();
+/* Shortcuts for common default encodings */
+if (strcmp(encoding, "utf-8") == 0)
+return PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8(s, size, errors);
+else if (strcmp(encoding, "latin-1") == 0)
+return PyUnicode_DecodeLatin1(s, size, errors);
+#if defined(MS_WINDOWS) && defined(HAVE_USABLE_WCHAR_T)
+else if (strcmp(encoding, "mbcs") == 0)
+return PyUnicode_DecodeMBCS(s, size, errors);
+#endif
+else if (strcmp(encoding, "ascii") == 0)
+return PyUnicode_DecodeASCII(s, size, errors);
+/* Decode via the codec registry */
+buffer = PyBuffer_FromMemory((void *)s, size);
+if (buffer == NULL)
+goto onError;
+unicode = PyCodec_Decode(buffer, encoding, errors);
+if (unicode == NULL)
+goto onError;
+if (!PyUnicode_Check(unicode)) {
+PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+"decoder did not return an unicode object (type=%.400s)",
+Py_TYPE(unicode)->tp_name);
+Py_DECREF(unicode);
+goto onError;
+}
+Py_DECREF(buffer);
+return unicode;
+onError:
+Py_XDECREF(buffer);
+return NULL;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_AsDecodedObject(PyObject *unicode,
+const char *encoding,
+const char *errors)
+{
+PyObject *v;
+if (!PyUnicode_Check(unicode)) {
+PyErr_BadArgument();
+goto onError;
+}
+if (encoding == NULL)
+	encoding = PyUnicode_GetDefaultEncoding();
+/* Decode via the codec registry */
+v = PyCodec_Decode(unicode, encoding, errors);
+if (v == NULL)
+goto onError;
+return v;
+onError:
+return NULL;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_Encode(const Py_UNICODE *s,
+			   Py_ssize_t size,
+			   const char *encoding,
+			   const char *errors)
+{
+PyObject *v, *unicode;
+unicode = PyUnicode_FromUnicode(s, size);
+if (unicode == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+v = PyUnicode_AsEncodedString(unicode, encoding, errors);
+Py_DECREF(unicode);
+return v;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_AsEncodedObject(PyObject *unicode,
+const char *encoding,
+const char *errors)
+{
+PyObject *v;
+if (!PyUnicode_Check(unicode)) {
+PyErr_BadArgument();
+goto onError;
+}
+if (encoding == NULL)
+	encoding = PyUnicode_GetDefaultEncoding();
+/* Encode via the codec registry */
+v = PyCodec_Encode(unicode, encoding, errors);
+if (v == NULL)
+goto onError;
+return v;
+onError:
+return NULL;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_AsEncodedString(PyObject *unicode,
+const char *encoding,
+const char *errors)
+{
+PyObject *v;
+if (!PyUnicode_Check(unicode)) {
+PyErr_BadArgument();
+goto onError;
+}
+if (encoding == NULL)
+	encoding = PyUnicode_GetDefaultEncoding();
+/* Shortcuts for common default encodings */
+if (errors == NULL) {
+	if (strcmp(encoding, "utf-8") == 0)
+	    return PyUnicode_AsUTF8String(unicode);
+	else if (strcmp(encoding, "latin-1") == 0)
+	    return PyUnicode_AsLatin1String(unicode);
+#if defined(MS_WINDOWS) && defined(HAVE_USABLE_WCHAR_T)
+	else if (strcmp(encoding, "mbcs") == 0)
+	    return PyUnicode_AsMBCSString(unicode);
+#endif
+	else if (strcmp(encoding, "ascii") == 0)
+	    return PyUnicode_AsASCIIString(unicode);
+}
+/* Encode via the codec registry */
+v = PyCodec_Encode(unicode, encoding, errors);
+if (v == NULL)
+goto onError;
+if (!PyString_Check(v)) {
+PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+"encoder did not return a string object (type=%.400s)",
+Py_TYPE(v)->tp_name);
+Py_DECREF(v);
+goto onError;
+}
+return v;
+onError:
+return NULL;
+}
+PyObject *_PyUnicode_AsDefaultEncodedString(PyObject *unicode,
+					    const char *errors)
+{
+PyObject *v = ((PyUnicodeObject *)unicode)->defenc;
+if (v)
+return v;
+v = PyUnicode_AsEncodedString(unicode, NULL, errors);
+if (v && errors == NULL)
+((PyUnicodeObject *)unicode)->defenc = v;
+return v;
+}
+Py_UNICODE *PyUnicode_AsUnicode(PyObject *unicode)
+{
+if (!PyUnicode_Check(unicode)) {
+PyErr_BadArgument();
+goto onError;
+}
+return PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(unicode);
+onError:
+return NULL;
+}
+Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_GetSize(PyObject *unicode)
+{
+if (!PyUnicode_Check(unicode)) {
+PyErr_BadArgument();
+goto onError;
+}
+return PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(unicode);
+onError:
+return -1;
+}
+const char *PyUnicode_GetDefaultEncoding(void)
+{
+return unicode_default_encoding;
+}
+int PyUnicode_SetDefaultEncoding(const char *encoding)
+{
+PyObject *v;
+/* Make sure the encoding is valid. As side effect, this also
+loads the encoding into the codec registry cache. */
+v = _PyCodec_Lookup(encoding);
+if (v == NULL)
+	goto onError;
+Py_DECREF(v);
+strncpy(unicode_default_encoding,
+	    encoding,
+	    sizeof(unicode_default_encoding));
+return 0;
+onError:
+return -1;
+}
+/* error handling callback helper:
+build arguments, call the callback and check the arguments,
+if no exception occurred, copy the replacement to the output
+and adjust various state variables.
+return 0 on success, -1 on error
+*/
+static
+int unicode_decode_call_errorhandler(const char *errors, PyObject **errorHandler,
+const char *encoding, const char *reason,
+const char *input, Py_ssize_t insize, Py_ssize_t *startinpos,
+Py_ssize_t *endinpos, PyObject **exceptionObject, const char **inptr,
+PyObject **output, Py_ssize_t *outpos, Py_UNICODE **outptr)
+{
+static char *argparse = "O!n;decoding error handler must return (unicode, int) tuple";
+PyObject *restuple = NULL;
+PyObject *repunicode = NULL;
+Py_ssize_t outsize = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(*output);
+Py_ssize_t requiredsize;
+Py_ssize_t newpos;
+Py_UNICODE *repptr;
+Py_ssize_t repsize;
+int res = -1;
+if (*errorHandler == NULL) {
+	*errorHandler = PyCodec_LookupError(errors);
+	if (*errorHandler == NULL)
+	   goto onError;
+}
+if (*exceptionObject == NULL) {
+	*exceptionObject = PyUnicodeDecodeError_Create(
+	    encoding, input, insize, *startinpos, *endinpos, reason);
+	if (*exceptionObject == NULL)
+	   goto onError;
+}
+else {
+	if (PyUnicodeDecodeError_SetStart(*exceptionObject, *startinpos))
+	    goto onError;
+	if (PyUnicodeDecodeError_SetEnd(*exceptionObject, *endinpos))
+	    goto onError;
+	if (PyUnicodeDecodeError_SetReason(*exceptionObject, reason))
+	    goto onError;
+}
+restuple = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(*errorHandler, *exceptionObject, NULL);
+if (restuple == NULL)
+	goto onError;
+if (!PyTuple_Check(restuple)) {
+	PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, &argparse[4]);
+	goto onError;
+}
+if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(restuple, argparse, &PyUnicode_Type, &repunicode, &newpos))
+	goto onError;
+if (newpos<0)
+	newpos = insize+newpos;
+if (newpos<0 || newpos>insize) {
+	PyErr_Format(PyExc_IndexError, "position %zd from error handler out of bounds", newpos);
+	goto onError;
+}
+/* need more space? (at least enough for what we
+have+the replacement+the rest of the string (starting
+at the new input position), so we won't have to check space
+when there are no errors in the rest of the string) */
+repptr = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(repunicode);
+repsize = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(repunicode);
+requiredsize = *outpos + repsize + insize-newpos;
+if (requiredsize > outsize) {
+	if (requiredsize<2*outsize)
+	    requiredsize = 2*outsize;
+	if (PyUnicode_Resize(output, requiredsize) < 0)
+	    goto onError;
+	*outptr = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(*output) + *outpos;
+}
+*endinpos = newpos;
+*inptr = input + newpos;
+Py_UNICODE_COPY(*outptr, repptr, repsize);
+*outptr += repsize;
+*outpos += repsize;
+/* we made it! */
+res = 0;
+onError:
+Py_XDECREF(restuple);
+return res;
+}
+/* --- UTF-7 Codec -------------------------------------------------------- */
+/* see RFC2152 for details */
+static
+char utf7_special[128] = {
+/* indicate whether a UTF-7 character is special i.e. cannot be directly
+encoded:
+	   0 - not special
+	   1 - special
+	   2 - whitespace (optional)
+	   3 - RFC2152 Set O (optional) */
+1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1,
+1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 0, 0, 0, 3, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
+0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 3, 3, 3, 0,
+3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 1, 3, 3, 3,
+3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 3, 3, 1, 1,
+};
+/* Note: The comparison (c) <= 0 is a trick to work-around gcc
+warnings about the comparison always being false; since
+utf7_special[0] is 1, we can safely make that one comparison
+true  */
+#define SPECIAL(c, encodeO, encodeWS) \
+((c) > 127 || (c) <= 0 || utf7_special[(c)] == 1 || \
+(encodeWS && (utf7_special[(c)] == 2)) || \
+(encodeO && (utf7_special[(c)] == 3)))
+#define B64(n)  \
+("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/"[(n) & 0x3f])
+#define B64CHAR(c) \
+(isalnum(c) || (c) == '+' || (c) == '/')
+#define UB64(c) \
+((c) == '+' ? 62 : (c) == '/' ? 63 : (c) >= 'a' ?                   \
+(c) - 71 : (c) >= 'A' ? (c) - 65 : (c) + 4 )
+#define ENCODE(out, ch, bits)                   \
+while (bits >= 6) {                         \
+*out++ = B64(ch >> (bits-6));           \
+bits -= 6;                              \
+}
+#define DECODE(out, ch, bits, surrogate)                                \
+while (bits >= 16) {                                                \
+Py_UNICODE outCh = (Py_UNICODE) ((ch >> (bits-16)) & 0xffff);   \
+bits -= 16;                                                     \
+if (surrogate) {                                                \
+/* We have already generated an error for the high surrogate \
+so let's not bother seeing if the low surrogate is correct or not */ \
+surrogate = 0;                                              \
+} else if (0xDC00 <= outCh && outCh <= 0xDFFF) {                \
+/* This is a surrogate pair. Unfortunately we can't represent \
+it in a 16-bit character */                              \
+surrogate = 1;                                              \
+errmsg = "code pairs are not supported";                    \
+goto utf7Error;                                             \
+} else {                                                        \
+*out++ = outCh;                                             \
+}                                                               \
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_DecodeUTF7(const char *s,
+			       Py_ssize_t size,
+			       const char *errors)
+{
+return PyUnicode_DecodeUTF7Stateful(s, size, errors, NULL);
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_DecodeUTF7Stateful(const char *s,
+			       Py_ssize_t size,
+			       const char *errors,
+			       Py_ssize_t *consumed)
+{
+const char *starts = s;
+Py_ssize_t startinpos;
+Py_ssize_t endinpos;
+Py_ssize_t outpos;
+const char *e;
+PyUnicodeObject *unicode;
+Py_UNICODE *p;
+const char *errmsg = "";
+int inShift = 0;
+unsigned int bitsleft = 0;
+unsigned long charsleft = 0;
+int surrogate = 0;
+PyObject *errorHandler = NULL;
+PyObject *exc = NULL;
+unicode = _PyUnicode_New(size);
+if (!unicode)
+return NULL;
+if (size == 0) {
+if (consumed)
+*consumed = 0;
+return (PyObject *)unicode;
+}
+p = unicode->str;
+e = s + size;
+while (s < e) {
+Py_UNICODE ch;
+restart:
+ch = (unsigned char) *s;
+if (inShift) {
+if ((ch == '-') || !B64CHAR(ch)) {
+inShift = 0;
+s++;
+/* p, charsleft, bitsleft, surrogate = */ DECODE(p, charsleft, bitsleft, surrogate);
+if (bitsleft >= 6) {
+/* The shift sequence has a partial character in it. If
+bitsleft < 6 then we could just classify it as padding
+but that is not the case here */
+errmsg = "partial character in shift sequence";
+goto utf7Error;
+}
+/* According to RFC2152 the remaining bits should be zero. We
+choose to signal an error/insert a replacement character
+here so indicate the potential of a misencoded character. */
+/* On x86, a << b == a << (b%32) so make sure that bitsleft != 0 */
+if (bitsleft && charsleft << (sizeof(charsleft) * 8 - bitsleft)) {
+errmsg = "non-zero padding bits in shift sequence";
+goto utf7Error;
+}
+if (ch == '-') {
+if ((s < e) && (*(s) == '-')) {
+*p++ = '-';
+inShift = 1;
+}
+} else if (SPECIAL(ch,0,0)) {
+errmsg = "unexpected special character";
+	                goto utf7Error;
+} else  {
+*p++ = ch;
+}
+} else {
+charsleft = (charsleft << 6) | UB64(ch);
+bitsleft += 6;
+s++;
+/* p, charsleft, bitsleft, surrogate = */ DECODE(p, charsleft, bitsleft, surrogate);
+}
+}
+else if ( ch == '+' ) {
+startinpos = s-starts;
+s++;
+if (s < e && *s == '-') {
+s++;
+*p++ = '+';
+} else
+{
+inShift = 1;
+bitsleft = 0;
+}
+}
+else if (SPECIAL(ch,0,0)) {
+startinpos = s-starts;
+errmsg = "unexpected special character";
+s++;
+	        goto utf7Error;
+}
+else {
+*p++ = ch;
+s++;
+}
+continue;
+utf7Error:
+outpos = p-PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(unicode);
+endinpos = s-starts;
+if (unicode_decode_call_errorhandler(
+errors, &errorHandler,
+"utf7", errmsg,
+starts, size, &startinpos, &endinpos, &exc, &s,
+(PyObject **)&unicode, &outpos, &p))
+goto onError;
+}
+if (inShift && !consumed) {
+outpos = p-PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(unicode);
+endinpos = size;
+if (unicode_decode_call_errorhandler(
+errors, &errorHandler,
+"utf7", "unterminated shift sequence",
+starts, size, &startinpos, &endinpos, &exc, &s,
+(PyObject **)&unicode, &outpos, &p))
+goto onError;
+if (s < e)
+goto restart;
+}
+if (consumed) {
+if(inShift)
+*consumed = startinpos;
+else
+*consumed = s-starts;
+}
+if (_PyUnicode_Resize(&unicode, p - PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(unicode)) < 0)
+goto onError;
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+return (PyObject *)unicode;
+onError:
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+Py_DECREF(unicode);
+return NULL;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_EncodeUTF7(const Py_UNICODE *s,
+Py_ssize_t size,
+int encodeSetO,
+int encodeWhiteSpace,
+const char *errors)
+{
+PyObject *v;
+/* It might be possible to tighten this worst case */
+Py_ssize_t cbAllocated = 5 * size;
+int inShift = 0;
+Py_ssize_t i = 0;
+unsigned int bitsleft = 0;
+unsigned long charsleft = 0;
+char * out;
+char * start;
+if (cbAllocated / 5 != size)
+return PyErr_NoMemory();
+if (size == 0)
+		return PyString_FromStringAndSize(NULL, 0);
+v = PyString_FromStringAndSize(NULL, cbAllocated);
+if (v == NULL)
+return NULL;
+start = out = PyString_AS_STRING(v);
+for (;i < size; ++i) {
+Py_UNICODE ch = s[i];
+if (!inShift) {
+if (ch == '+') {
+*out++ = '+';
+*out++ = '-';
+} else if (SPECIAL(ch, encodeSetO, encodeWhiteSpace)) {
+charsleft = ch;
+bitsleft = 16;
+*out++ = '+';
+/* out, charsleft, bitsleft = */ ENCODE(out, charsleft, bitsleft);
+inShift = bitsleft > 0;
+} else {
+*out++ = (char) ch;
+}
+} else {
+if (!SPECIAL(ch, encodeSetO, encodeWhiteSpace)) {
+*out++ = B64(charsleft << (6-bitsleft));
+charsleft = 0;
+bitsleft = 0;
+/* Characters not in the BASE64 set implicitly unshift the sequence
+so no '-' is required, except if the character is itself a '-' */
+if (B64CHAR(ch) || ch == '-') {
+*out++ = '-';
+}
+inShift = 0;
+*out++ = (char) ch;
+} else {
+bitsleft += 16;
+charsleft = (charsleft << 16) | ch;
+/* out, charsleft, bitsleft = */ ENCODE(out, charsleft, bitsleft);
+/* If the next character is special then we dont' need to terminate
+the shift sequence. If the next character is not a BASE64 character
+or '-' then the shift sequence will be terminated implicitly and we
+don't have to insert a '-'. */
+if (bitsleft == 0) {
+if (i + 1 < size) {
+Py_UNICODE ch2 = s[i+1];
+if (SPECIAL(ch2, encodeSetO, encodeWhiteSpace)) {
+} else if (B64CHAR(ch2) || ch2 == '-') {
+*out++ = '-';
+inShift = 0;
+} else {
+inShift = 0;
+}
+}
+else {
+*out++ = '-';
+inShift = 0;
+}
+}
+}
+}
+}
+if (bitsleft) {
+*out++= B64(charsleft << (6-bitsleft) );
+*out++ = '-';
+}
+_PyString_Resize(&v, out - start);
+return v;
+}
+#undef SPECIAL
+#undef B64
+#undef B64CHAR
+#undef UB64
+#undef ENCODE
+#undef DECODE
+/* --- UTF-8 Codec -------------------------------------------------------- */
+static
+char utf8_code_length[256] = {
+/* Map UTF-8 encoded prefix byte to sequence length.  zero means
+illegal prefix.  see RFC 2279 for details */
+1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
+2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
+3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,
+4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 0, 0
+};
+PyObject *PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8(const char *s,
+			       Py_ssize_t size,
+			       const char *errors)
+{
+return PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8Stateful(s, size, errors, NULL);
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8Stateful(const char *s,
+			                Py_ssize_t size,
+			                const char *errors,
+			                Py_ssize_t *consumed)
+{
+const char *starts = s;
+int n;
+Py_ssize_t startinpos;
+Py_ssize_t endinpos;
+Py_ssize_t outpos;
+const char *e;
+PyUnicodeObject *unicode;
+Py_UNICODE *p;
+const char *errmsg = "";
+PyObject *errorHandler = NULL;
+PyObject *exc = NULL;
+/* Note: size will always be longer than the resulting Unicode
+character count */
+unicode = _PyUnicode_New(size);
+if (!unicode)
+return NULL;
+if (size == 0) {
+if (consumed)
+*consumed = 0;
+return (PyObject *)unicode;
+}
+/* Unpack UTF-8 encoded data */
+p = unicode->str;
+e = s + size;
+while (s < e) {
+Py_UCS4 ch = (unsigned char)*s;
+if (ch < 0x80) {
+*p++ = (Py_UNICODE)ch;
+s++;
+continue;
+}
+n = utf8_code_length[ch];
+if (s + n > e) {
+	    if (consumed)
+		break;
+	    else {
+		errmsg = "unexpected end of data";
+		startinpos = s-starts;
+		endinpos = size;
+		goto utf8Error;
+	    }
+	}
+switch (n) {
+case 0:
+errmsg = "unexpected code byte";
+	    startinpos = s-starts;
+	    endinpos = startinpos+1;
+	    goto utf8Error;
+case 1:
+errmsg = "internal error";
+	    startinpos = s-starts;
+	    endinpos = startinpos+1;
+	    goto utf8Error;
+case 2:
+if ((s[1] & 0xc0) != 0x80) {
+errmsg = "invalid data";
+		startinpos = s-starts;
+		endinpos = startinpos+2;
+		goto utf8Error;
+	    }
+ch = ((s[0] & 0x1f) << 6) + (s[1] & 0x3f);
+if (ch < 0x80) {
+		startinpos = s-starts;
+		endinpos = startinpos+2;
+errmsg = "illegal encoding";
+		goto utf8Error;
+	    }
+	    else
+		*p++ = (Py_UNICODE)ch;
+break;
+case 3:
+if ((s[1] & 0xc0) != 0x80 ||
+(s[2] & 0xc0) != 0x80) {
+errmsg = "invalid data";
+		startinpos = s-starts;
+		endinpos = startinpos+3;
+		goto utf8Error;
+	    }
+ch = ((s[0] & 0x0f) << 12) + ((s[1] & 0x3f) << 6) + (s[2] & 0x3f);
+if (ch < 0x0800) {
+		/* Note: UTF-8 encodings of surrogates are considered
+		   legal UTF-8 sequences;
+		   XXX For wide builds (UCS-4) we should probably try
+		       to recombine the surrogates into a single code
+		       unit.
+		*/
+errmsg = "illegal encoding";
+		startinpos = s-starts;
+		endinpos = startinpos+3;
+		goto utf8Error;
+	    }
+	    else
+		*p++ = (Py_UNICODE)ch;
+break;
+case 4:
+if ((s[1] & 0xc0) != 0x80 ||
+(s[2] & 0xc0) != 0x80 ||
+(s[3] & 0xc0) != 0x80) {
+errmsg = "invalid data";
+		startinpos = s-starts;
+		endinpos = startinpos+4;
+		goto utf8Error;
+	    }
+ch = ((s[0] & 0x7) << 18) + ((s[1] & 0x3f) << 12) +
+((s[2] & 0x3f) << 6) + (s[3] & 0x3f);
+/* validate and convert to UTF-16 */
+if ((ch < 0x10000)        /* minimum value allowed for 4
+					 byte encoding */
+|| (ch > 0x10ffff))   /* maximum value allowed for
+					 UTF-16 */
+	    {
+errmsg = "illegal encoding";
+		startinpos = s-starts;
+		endinpos = startinpos+4;
+		goto utf8Error;
+	    }
+#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+	    *p++ = (Py_UNICODE)ch;
+#else
+/*  compute and append the two surrogates: */
+/*  translate from 10000..10FFFF to 0..FFFF */
+ch -= 0x10000;
+/*  high surrogate = top 10 bits added to D800 */
+*p++ = (Py_UNICODE)(0xD800 + (ch >> 10));
+/*  low surrogate = bottom 10 bits added to DC00 */
+*p++ = (Py_UNICODE)(0xDC00 + (ch & 0x03FF));
+#endif
+break;
+default:
+/* Other sizes are only needed for UCS-4 */
+errmsg = "unsupported Unicode code range";
+	    startinpos = s-starts;
+	    endinpos = startinpos+n;
+	    goto utf8Error;
+}
+s += n;
+	continue;
+utf8Error:
+outpos = p-PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(unicode);
+if (unicode_decode_call_errorhandler(
+	     errors, &errorHandler,
+	     "utf8", errmsg,
+	     starts, size, &startinpos, &endinpos, &exc, &s,
+	     (PyObject **)&unicode, &outpos, &p))
+	goto onError;
+}
+if (consumed)
+	*consumed = s-starts;
+/* Adjust length */
+if (_PyUnicode_Resize(&unicode, p - unicode->str) < 0)
+goto onError;
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+return (PyObject *)unicode;
+onError:
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+Py_DECREF(unicode);
+return NULL;
+}
+/* Allocation strategy:  if the string is short, convert into a stack buffer
+and allocate exactly as much space needed at the end.  Else allocate the
+maximum possible needed (4 result bytes per Unicode character), and return
+the excess memory at the end.
+*/
+PyObject *
+PyUnicode_EncodeUTF8(const Py_UNICODE *s,
+		     Py_ssize_t size,
+		     const char *errors)
+{
+#define MAX_SHORT_UNICHARS 300  /* largest size we'll do on the stack */
+Py_ssize_t i;           /* index into s of next input byte */
+PyObject *v;        /* result string object */
+char *p;            /* next free byte in output buffer */
+Py_ssize_t nallocated;  /* number of result bytes allocated */
+Py_ssize_t nneeded;        /* number of result bytes needed */
+char stackbuf[MAX_SHORT_UNICHARS * 4];
+assert(s != NULL);
+assert(size >= 0);
+if (size <= MAX_SHORT_UNICHARS) {
+/* Write into the stack buffer; nallocated can't overflow.
+* At the end, we'll allocate exactly as much heap space as it
+* turns out we need.
+*/
+nallocated = Py_SAFE_DOWNCAST(sizeof(stackbuf), size_t, int);
+v = NULL;   /* will allocate after we're done */
+p = stackbuf;
+}
+else {
+/* Overallocate on the heap, and give the excess back at the end. */
+nallocated = size * 4;
+if (nallocated / 4 != size)  /* overflow! */
+return PyErr_NoMemory();
+v = PyString_FromStringAndSize(NULL, nallocated);
+if (v == NULL)
+return NULL;
+p = PyString_AS_STRING(v);
+}
+for (i = 0; i < size;) {
+Py_UCS4 ch = s[i++];
+if (ch < 0x80)
+/* Encode ASCII */
+*p++ = (char) ch;
+else if (ch < 0x0800) {
+/* Encode Latin-1 */
+*p++ = (char)(0xc0 | (ch >> 6));
+*p++ = (char)(0x80 | (ch & 0x3f));
+}
+else {
+/* Encode UCS2 Unicode ordinals */
+if (ch < 0x10000) {
+/* Special case: check for high surrogate */
+if (0xD800 <= ch && ch <= 0xDBFF && i != size) {
+Py_UCS4 ch2 = s[i];
+/* Check for low surrogate and combine the two to
+form a UCS4 value */
+if (0xDC00 <= ch2 && ch2 <= 0xDFFF) {
+ch = ((ch - 0xD800) << 10 | (ch2 - 0xDC00)) + 0x10000;
+i++;
+goto encodeUCS4;
+}
+/* Fall through: handles isolated high surrogates */
+}
+*p++ = (char)(0xe0 | (ch >> 12));
+*p++ = (char)(0x80 | ((ch >> 6) & 0x3f));
+*p++ = (char)(0x80 | (ch & 0x3f));
+continue;
+	    }
+encodeUCS4:
+/* Encode UCS4 Unicode ordinals */
+*p++ = (char)(0xf0 | (ch >> 18));
+*p++ = (char)(0x80 | ((ch >> 12) & 0x3f));
+*p++ = (char)(0x80 | ((ch >> 6) & 0x3f));
+*p++ = (char)(0x80 | (ch & 0x3f));
+}
+}
+if (v == NULL) {
+/* This was stack allocated. */
+nneeded = p - stackbuf;
+assert(nneeded <= nallocated);
+v = PyString_FromStringAndSize(stackbuf, nneeded);
+}
+else {
+	/* Cut back to size actually needed. */
+nneeded = p - PyString_AS_STRING(v);
+assert(nneeded <= nallocated);
+_PyString_Resize(&v, nneeded);
+}
+return v;
+#undef MAX_SHORT_UNICHARS
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_AsUTF8String(PyObject *unicode)
+{
+if (!PyUnicode_Check(unicode)) {
+PyErr_BadArgument();
+return NULL;
+}
+return PyUnicode_EncodeUTF8(PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(unicode),
+				PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(unicode),
+				NULL);
+}
+/* --- UTF-32 Codec ------------------------------------------------------- */
+PyObject *
+PyUnicode_DecodeUTF32(const char *s,
+		      Py_ssize_t size,
+		      const char *errors,
+		      int *byteorder)
+{
+return PyUnicode_DecodeUTF32Stateful(s, size, errors, byteorder, NULL);
+}
+PyObject *
+PyUnicode_DecodeUTF32Stateful(const char *s,
+			      Py_ssize_t size,
+			      const char *errors,
+			      int *byteorder,
+			      Py_ssize_t *consumed)
+{
+const char *starts = s;
+Py_ssize_t startinpos;
+Py_ssize_t endinpos;
+Py_ssize_t outpos;
+PyUnicodeObject *unicode;
+Py_UNICODE *p;
+#ifndef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+int i, pairs;
+#else
+const int pairs = 0;
+#endif
+const unsigned char *q, *e;
+int bo = 0;       /* assume native ordering by default */
+const char *errmsg = "";
+/* Offsets from q for retrieving bytes in the right order. */
+#ifdef BYTEORDER_IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN
+int iorder[] = {0, 1, 2, 3};
+#else
+int iorder[] = {3, 2, 1, 0};
+#endif
+PyObject *errorHandler = NULL;
+PyObject *exc = NULL;
+/* On narrow builds we split characters outside the BMP into two
+codepoints => count how much extra space we need. */
+#ifndef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+for (i = pairs = 0; i < size/4; i++)
+	if (((Py_UCS4 *)s)[i] >= 0x10000)
+	    pairs++;
+#endif
+/* This might be one to much, because of a BOM */
+unicode = _PyUnicode_New((size+3)/4+pairs);
+if (!unicode)
+return NULL;
+if (size == 0)
+return (PyObject *)unicode;
+/* Unpack UTF-32 encoded data */
+p = unicode->str;
+q = (unsigned char *)s;
+e = q + size;
+if (byteorder)
+bo = *byteorder;
+/* Check for BOM marks (U+FEFF) in the input and adjust current
+byte order setting accordingly. In native mode, the leading BOM
+mark is skipped, in all other modes, it is copied to the output
+stream as-is (giving a ZWNBSP character). */
+if (bo == 0) {
+if (size >= 4) {
+const Py_UCS4 bom = (q[iorder[3]] << 24) | (q[iorder[2]] << 16) |
+(q[iorder[1]] << 8) | q[iorder[0]];
+#ifdef BYTEORDER_IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN
+	    if (bom == 0x0000FEFF) {
+		q += 4;
+		bo = -1;
+	    }
+	    else if (bom == 0xFFFE0000) {
+		q += 4;
+		bo = 1;
+	    }
+#else
+	    if (bom == 0x0000FEFF) {
+		q += 4;
+		bo = 1;
+	    }
+	    else if (bom == 0xFFFE0000) {
+		q += 4;
+		bo = -1;
+	    }
+#endif
+	}
+}
+if (bo == -1) {
+/* force LE */
+iorder[0] = 0;
+iorder[1] = 1;
+iorder[2] = 2;
+iorder[3] = 3;
+}
+else if (bo == 1) {
+/* force BE */
+iorder[0] = 3;
+iorder[1] = 2;
+iorder[2] = 1;
+iorder[3] = 0;
+}
+while (q < e) {
+	Py_UCS4 ch;
+	/* remaining bytes at the end? (size should be divisible by 4) */
+	if (e-q<4) {
+	    if (consumed)
+		break;
+	    errmsg = "truncated data";
+	    startinpos = ((const char *)q)-starts;
+	    endinpos = ((const char *)e)-starts;
+	    goto utf32Error;
+	    /* The remaining input chars are ignored if the callback
+	       chooses to skip the input */
+	}
+	ch = (q[iorder[3]] << 24) | (q[iorder[2]] << 16) |
+	     (q[iorder[1]] << 8) | q[iorder[0]];
+	if (ch >= 0x110000)
+	{
+	    errmsg = "codepoint not in range(0x110000)";
+	    startinpos = ((const char *)q)-starts;
+	    endinpos = startinpos+4;
+	    goto utf32Error;
+	}
+#ifndef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+	if (ch >= 0x10000)
+	{
+	    *p++ = 0xD800 | ((ch-0x10000) >> 10);
+	    *p++ = 0xDC00 | ((ch-0x10000) & 0x3FF);
+	}
+	else
+#endif
+	    *p++ = ch;
+	q += 4;
+	continue;
+utf32Error:
+	outpos = p-PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(unicode);
+if (unicode_decode_call_errorhandler(
+errors, &errorHandler,
+"utf32", errmsg,
+starts, size, &startinpos, &endinpos, &exc, &s,
+(PyObject **)&unicode, &outpos, &p))
+	    goto onError;
+}
+if (byteorder)
+*byteorder = bo;
+if (consumed)
+	*consumed = (const char *)q-starts;
+/* Adjust length */
+if (_PyUnicode_Resize(&unicode, p - unicode->str) < 0)
+goto onError;
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+return (PyObject *)unicode;
+onError:
+Py_DECREF(unicode);
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+return NULL;
+}
+PyObject *
+PyUnicode_EncodeUTF32(const Py_UNICODE *s,
+		      Py_ssize_t size,
+		      const char *errors,
+		      int byteorder)
+{
+PyObject *v;
+unsigned char *p;
+Py_ssize_t nsize, bytesize;
+#ifndef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+Py_ssize_t i, pairs;
+#else
+const int pairs = 0;
+#endif
+/* Offsets from p for storing byte pairs in the right order. */
+#ifdef BYTEORDER_IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN
+int iorder[] = {0, 1, 2, 3};
+#else
+int iorder[] = {3, 2, 1, 0};
+#endif
+#define STORECHAR(CH)                       \
+do {                                    \
+p[iorder[3]] = ((CH) >> 24) & 0xff; \
+p[iorder[2]] = ((CH) >> 16) & 0xff; \
+p[iorder[1]] = ((CH) >> 8) & 0xff;  \
+p[iorder[0]] = (CH) & 0xff;         \
+p += 4;                             \
+} while(0)
+/* In narrow builds we can output surrogate pairs as one codepoint,
+so we need less space. */
+#ifndef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+for (i = pairs = 0; i < size-1; i++)
+	if (0xD800 <= s[i] && s[i] <= 0xDBFF &&
+	    0xDC00 <= s[i+1] && s[i+1] <= 0xDFFF)
+	    pairs++;
+#endif
+nsize = (size - pairs + (byteorder == 0));
+bytesize = nsize * 4;
+if (bytesize / 4 != nsize)
+	return PyErr_NoMemory();
+v = PyString_FromStringAndSize(NULL, bytesize);
+if (v == NULL)
+return NULL;
+p = (unsigned char *)PyString_AS_STRING(v);
+if (byteorder == 0)
+	STORECHAR(0xFEFF);
+if (size == 0)
+return v;
+if (byteorder == -1) {
+/* force LE */
+iorder[0] = 0;
+iorder[1] = 1;
+iorder[2] = 2;
+iorder[3] = 3;
+}
+else if (byteorder == 1) {
+/* force BE */
+iorder[0] = 3;
+iorder[1] = 2;
+iorder[2] = 1;
+iorder[3] = 0;
+}
+while (size-- > 0) {
+	Py_UCS4 ch = *s++;
+#ifndef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+	if (0xD800 <= ch && ch <= 0xDBFF && size > 0) {
+	    Py_UCS4 ch2 = *s;
+	    if (0xDC00 <= ch2 && ch2 <= 0xDFFF) {
+		ch = (((ch & 0x3FF)<<10) | (ch2 & 0x3FF)) + 0x10000;
+		s++;
+		size--;
+	    }
+	}
+#endif
+STORECHAR(ch);
+}
+return v;
+#undef STORECHAR
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_AsUTF32String(PyObject *unicode)
+{
+if (!PyUnicode_Check(unicode)) {
+PyErr_BadArgument();
+return NULL;
+}
+return PyUnicode_EncodeUTF32(PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(unicode),
+				 PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(unicode),
+				 NULL,
+				 0);
+}
+/* --- UTF-16 Codec ------------------------------------------------------- */
+PyObject *
+PyUnicode_DecodeUTF16(const char *s,
+		      Py_ssize_t size,
+		      const char *errors,
+		      int *byteorder)
+{
+return PyUnicode_DecodeUTF16Stateful(s, size, errors, byteorder, NULL);
+}
+PyObject *
+PyUnicode_DecodeUTF16Stateful(const char *s,
+			      Py_ssize_t size,
+			      const char *errors,
+			      int *byteorder,
+			      Py_ssize_t *consumed)
+{
+const char *starts = s;
+Py_ssize_t startinpos;
+Py_ssize_t endinpos;
+Py_ssize_t outpos;
+PyUnicodeObject *unicode;
+Py_UNICODE *p;
+const unsigned char *q, *e;
+int bo = 0;       /* assume native ordering by default */
+const char *errmsg = "";
+/* Offsets from q for retrieving byte pairs in the right order. */
+#ifdef BYTEORDER_IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN
+int ihi = 1, ilo = 0;
+#else
+int ihi = 0, ilo = 1;
+#endif
+PyObject *errorHandler = NULL;
+PyObject *exc = NULL;
+/* Note: size will always be longer than the resulting Unicode
+character count */
+unicode = _PyUnicode_New(size);
+if (!unicode)
+return NULL;
+if (size == 0)
+return (PyObject *)unicode;
+/* Unpack UTF-16 encoded data */
+p = unicode->str;
+q = (unsigned char *)s;
+e = q + size;
+if (byteorder)
+bo = *byteorder;
+/* Check for BOM marks (U+FEFF) in the input and adjust current
+byte order setting accordingly. In native mode, the leading BOM
+mark is skipped, in all other modes, it is copied to the output
+stream as-is (giving a ZWNBSP character). */
+if (bo == 0) {
+if (size >= 2) {
+const Py_UNICODE bom = (q[ihi] << 8) | q[ilo];
+#ifdef BYTEORDER_IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN
+	    if (bom == 0xFEFF) {
+		q += 2;
+		bo = -1;
+	    }
+	    else if (bom == 0xFFFE) {
+		q += 2;
+		bo = 1;
+	    }
+#else
+	    if (bom == 0xFEFF) {
+		q += 2;
+		bo = 1;
+	    }
+	    else if (bom == 0xFFFE) {
+		q += 2;
+		bo = -1;
+	    }
+#endif
+	}
+}
+if (bo == -1) {
+/* force LE */
+ihi = 1;
+ilo = 0;
+}
+else if (bo == 1) {
+/* force BE */
+ihi = 0;
+ilo = 1;
+}
+while (q < e) {
+	Py_UNICODE ch;
+	/* remaining bytes at the end? (size should be even) */
+	if (e-q<2) {
+	    if (consumed)
+		break;
+	    errmsg = "truncated data";
+	    startinpos = ((const char *)q)-starts;
+	    endinpos = ((const char *)e)-starts;
+	    goto utf16Error;
+	    /* The remaining input chars are ignored if the callback
+	       chooses to skip the input */
+	}
+	ch = (q[ihi] << 8) | q[ilo];
+	q += 2;
+	if (ch < 0xD800 || ch > 0xDFFF) {
+	    *p++ = ch;
+	    continue;
+	}
+	/* UTF-16 code pair: */
+	if (q >= e) {
+	    errmsg = "unexpected end of data";
+	    startinpos = (((const char *)q)-2)-starts;
+	    endinpos = ((const char *)e)-starts;
+	    goto utf16Error;
+	}
+	if (0xD800 <= ch && ch <= 0xDBFF) {
+	    Py_UNICODE ch2 = (q[ihi] << 8) | q[ilo];
+	    q += 2;
+	    if (0xDC00 <= ch2 && ch2 <= 0xDFFF) {
+#ifndef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+		*p++ = ch;
+		*p++ = ch2;
+#else
+		*p++ = (((ch & 0x3FF)<<10) | (ch2 & 0x3FF)) + 0x10000;
+#endif
+		continue;
+	    }
+	    else {
+errmsg = "illegal UTF-16 surrogate";
+		startinpos = (((const char *)q)-4)-starts;
+		endinpos = startinpos+2;
+		goto utf16Error;
+	    }
+	}
+	errmsg = "illegal encoding";
+	startinpos = (((const char *)q)-2)-starts;
+	endinpos = startinpos+2;
+	/* Fall through to report the error */
+utf16Error:
+	outpos = p-PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(unicode);
+	if (unicode_decode_call_errorhandler(
+	         errors, &errorHandler,
+	         "utf16", errmsg,
+	         starts, size, &startinpos, &endinpos, &exc, (const char **)&q,
+	         (PyObject **)&unicode, &outpos, &p))
+	    goto onError;
+}
+if (byteorder)
+*byteorder = bo;
+if (consumed)
+	*consumed = (const char *)q-starts;
+/* Adjust length */
+if (_PyUnicode_Resize(&unicode, p - unicode->str) < 0)
+goto onError;
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+return (PyObject *)unicode;
+onError:
+Py_DECREF(unicode);
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+return NULL;
+}
+PyObject *
+PyUnicode_EncodeUTF16(const Py_UNICODE *s,
+		      Py_ssize_t size,
+		      const char *errors,
+		      int byteorder)
+{
+PyObject *v;
+unsigned char *p;
+Py_ssize_t nsize, bytesize;
+#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+Py_ssize_t i, pairs;
+#else
+const int pairs = 0;
+#endif
+/* Offsets from p for storing byte pairs in the right order. */
+#ifdef BYTEORDER_IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN
+int ihi = 1, ilo = 0;
+#else
+int ihi = 0, ilo = 1;
+#endif
+#define STORECHAR(CH)                   \
+do {                                \
+p[ihi] = ((CH) >> 8) & 0xff;    \
+p[ilo] = (CH) & 0xff;           \
+p += 2;                         \
+} while(0)
+#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+for (i = pairs = 0; i < size; i++)
+	if (s[i] >= 0x10000)
+	    pairs++;
+#endif
+/* 2 * (size + pairs + (byteorder == 0)) */
+if (size > PY_SSIZE_T_MAX ||
+size > PY_SSIZE_T_MAX - pairs - (byteorder == 0))
+	return PyErr_NoMemory();
+nsize = size + pairs + (byteorder == 0);
+bytesize = nsize * 2;
+if (bytesize / 2 != nsize)
+	return PyErr_NoMemory();
+v = PyString_FromStringAndSize(NULL, bytesize);
+if (v == NULL)
+return NULL;
+p = (unsigned char *)PyString_AS_STRING(v);
+if (byteorder == 0)
+	STORECHAR(0xFEFF);
+if (size == 0)
+return v;
+if (byteorder == -1) {
+/* force LE */
+ihi = 1;
+ilo = 0;
+}
+else if (byteorder == 1) {
+/* force BE */
+ihi = 0;
+ilo = 1;
+}
+while (size-- > 0) {
+	Py_UNICODE ch = *s++;
+	Py_UNICODE ch2 = 0;
+#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+	if (ch >= 0x10000) {
+	    ch2 = 0xDC00 | ((ch-0x10000) & 0x3FF);
+	    ch  = 0xD800 | ((ch-0x10000) >> 10);
+	}
+#endif
+STORECHAR(ch);
+if (ch2)
+STORECHAR(ch2);
+}
+return v;
+#undef STORECHAR
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_AsUTF16String(PyObject *unicode)
+{
+if (!PyUnicode_Check(unicode)) {
+PyErr_BadArgument();
+return NULL;
+}
+return PyUnicode_EncodeUTF16(PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(unicode),
+				 PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(unicode),
+				 NULL,
+				 0);
+}
+/* --- Unicode Escape Codec ----------------------------------------------- */
+static _PyUnicode_Name_CAPI *ucnhash_CAPI = NULL;
+PyObject *PyUnicode_DecodeUnicodeEscape(const char *s,
+					Py_ssize_t size,
+					const char *errors)
+{
+const char *starts = s;
+Py_ssize_t startinpos;
+Py_ssize_t endinpos;
+Py_ssize_t outpos;
+int i;
+PyUnicodeObject *v;
+Py_UNICODE *p;
+const char *end;
+char* message;
+Py_UCS4 chr = 0xffffffff; /* in case 'getcode' messes up */
+PyObject *errorHandler = NULL;
+PyObject *exc = NULL;
+/* Escaped strings will always be longer than the resulting
+Unicode string, so we start with size here and then reduce the
+length after conversion to the true value.
+(but if the error callback returns a long replacement string
+we'll have to allocate more space) */
+v = _PyUnicode_New(size);
+if (v == NULL)
+goto onError;
+if (size == 0)
+return (PyObject *)v;
+p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v);
+end = s + size;
+while (s < end) {
+unsigned char c;
+Py_UNICODE x;
+int digits;
+/* Non-escape characters are interpreted as Unicode ordinals */
+if (*s != '\\') {
+*p++ = (unsigned char) *s++;
+continue;
+}
+startinpos = s-starts;
+/* \ - Escapes */
+s++;
+c = *s++;
+if (s > end)
+c = '\0'; /* Invalid after \ */
+switch (c) {
+/* \x escapes */
+case '\n': break;
+case '\\': *p++ = '\\'; break;
+case '\'': *p++ = '\''; break;
+case '\"': *p++ = '\"'; break;
+case 'b': *p++ = '\b'; break;
+case 'f': *p++ = '\014'; break; /* FF */
+case 't': *p++ = '\t'; break;
+case 'n': *p++ = '\n'; break;
+case 'r': *p++ = '\r'; break;
+case 'v': *p++ = '\013'; break; /* VT */
+case 'a': *p++ = '\007'; break; /* BEL, not classic C */
+/* \OOO (octal) escapes */
+case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3':
+case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7':
+x = s[-1] - '0';
+if (s < end && '0' <= *s && *s <= '7') {
+x = (x<<3) + *s++ - '0';
+if (s < end && '0' <= *s && *s <= '7')
+x = (x<<3) + *s++ - '0';
+}
+*p++ = x;
+break;
+/* hex escapes */
+/* \xXX */
+case 'x':
+digits = 2;
+message = "truncated \\xXX escape";
+goto hexescape;
+/* \uXXXX */
+case 'u':
+digits = 4;
+message = "truncated \\uXXXX escape";
+goto hexescape;
+/* \UXXXXXXXX */
+case 'U':
+digits = 8;
+message = "truncated \\UXXXXXXXX escape";
+hexescape:
+chr = 0;
+outpos = p-PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v);
+if (s+digits>end) {
+endinpos = size;
+if (unicode_decode_call_errorhandler(
+errors, &errorHandler,
+"unicodeescape", "end of string in escape sequence",
+starts, size, &startinpos, &endinpos, &exc, &s,
+(PyObject **)&v, &outpos, &p))
+goto onError;
+goto nextByte;
+}
+for (i = 0; i < digits; ++i) {
+c = (unsigned char) s[i];
+if (!isxdigit(c)) {
+endinpos = (s+i+1)-starts;
+if (unicode_decode_call_errorhandler(
+errors, &errorHandler,
+"unicodeescape", message,
+starts, size, &startinpos, &endinpos, &exc, &s,
+(PyObject **)&v, &outpos, &p))
+goto onError;
+goto nextByte;
+}
+chr = (chr<<4) & ~0xF;
+if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
+chr += c - '0';
+else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
+chr += 10 + c - 'a';
+else
+chr += 10 + c - 'A';
+}
+s += i;
+if (chr == 0xffffffff && PyErr_Occurred())
+/* _decoding_error will have already written into the
+target buffer. */
+break;
+store:
+/* when we get here, chr is a 32-bit unicode character */
+if (chr <= 0xffff)
+/* UCS-2 character */
+*p++ = (Py_UNICODE) chr;
+else if (chr <= 0x10ffff) {
+/* UCS-4 character. Either store directly, or as
+surrogate pair. */
+#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+*p++ = chr;
+#else
+chr -= 0x10000L;
+*p++ = 0xD800 + (Py_UNICODE) (chr >> 10);
+*p++ = 0xDC00 + (Py_UNICODE) (chr & 0x03FF);
+#endif
+} else {
+endinpos = s-starts;
+outpos = p-PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v);
+if (unicode_decode_call_errorhandler(
+errors, &errorHandler,
+"unicodeescape", "illegal Unicode character",
+starts, size, &startinpos, &endinpos, &exc, &s,
+(PyObject **)&v, &outpos, &p))
+goto onError;
+}
+break;
+/* \N{name} */
+case 'N':
+message = "malformed \\N character escape";
+if (ucnhash_CAPI == NULL) {
+/* load the unicode data module */
+PyObject *m, *api;
+m = PyImport_ImportModuleNoBlock("unicodedata");
+if (m == NULL)
+goto ucnhashError;
+api = PyObject_GetAttrString(m, "ucnhash_CAPI");
+Py_DECREF(m);
+if (api == NULL)
+goto ucnhashError;
+ucnhash_CAPI = (_PyUnicode_Name_CAPI *)PyCObject_AsVoidPtr(api);
+Py_DECREF(api);
+if (ucnhash_CAPI == NULL)
+goto ucnhashError;
+}
+if (*s == '{') {
+const char *start = s+1;
+/* look for the closing brace */
+while (*s != '}' && s < end)
+s++;
+if (s > start && s < end && *s == '}') {
+/* found a name.  look it up in the unicode database */
+message = "unknown Unicode character name";
+s++;
+if (ucnhash_CAPI->getcode(NULL, start, (int)(s-start-1), &chr))
+goto store;
+}
+}
+endinpos = s-starts;
+outpos = p-PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v);
+if (unicode_decode_call_errorhandler(
+errors, &errorHandler,
+"unicodeescape", message,
+starts, size, &startinpos, &endinpos, &exc, &s,
+(PyObject **)&v, &outpos, &p))
+goto onError;
+break;
+default:
+if (s > end) {
+message = "\\ at end of string";
+s--;
+endinpos = s-starts;
+outpos = p-PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v);
+if (unicode_decode_call_errorhandler(
+errors, &errorHandler,
+"unicodeescape", message,
+starts, size, &startinpos, &endinpos, &exc, &s,
+(PyObject **)&v, &outpos, &p))
+goto onError;
+}
+else {
+*p++ = '\\';
+*p++ = (unsigned char)s[-1];
+}
+break;
+}
+nextByte:
+;
+}
+if (_PyUnicode_Resize(&v, p - PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v)) < 0)
+goto onError;
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+return (PyObject *)v;
+ucnhashError:
+PyErr_SetString(
+PyExc_UnicodeError,
+"\\N escapes not supported (can't load unicodedata module)"
+);
+Py_XDECREF(v);
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+return NULL;
+onError:
+Py_XDECREF(v);
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+return NULL;
+}
+/* Return a Unicode-Escape string version of the Unicode object.
+If quotes is true, the string is enclosed in u"" or u'' quotes as
+appropriate.
+*/
+Py_LOCAL_INLINE(const Py_UNICODE *) findchar(const Py_UNICODE *s,
+Py_ssize_t size,
+Py_UNICODE ch)
+{
+/* like wcschr, but doesn't stop at NULL characters */
+while (size-- > 0) {
+if (*s == ch)
+return s;
+s++;
+}
+return NULL;
+}
+static
+PyObject *unicodeescape_string(const Py_UNICODE *s,
+Py_ssize_t size,
+int quotes)
+{
+PyObject *repr;
+char *p;
+static const char *hexdigit = "0123456789abcdef";
+#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+const Py_ssize_t expandsize = 10;
+#else
+const Py_ssize_t expandsize = 6;
+#endif
+/* XXX(nnorwitz): rather than over-allocating, it would be
+better to choose a different scheme.  Perhaps scan the
+first N-chars of the string and allocate based on that size.
+*/
+/* Initial allocation is based on the longest-possible unichr
+escape.
+In wide (UTF-32) builds '\U00xxxxxx' is 10 chars per source
+unichr, so in this case it's the longest unichr escape. In
+narrow (UTF-16) builds this is five chars per source unichr
+since there are two unichrs in the surrogate pair, so in narrow
+(UTF-16) builds it's not the longest unichr escape.
+In wide or narrow builds '\uxxxx' is 6 chars per source unichr,
+so in the narrow (UTF-16) build case it's the longest unichr
+escape.
+*/
+if (size > (PY_SSIZE_T_MAX - 2 - 1) / expandsize)
+	return PyErr_NoMemory();
+repr = PyString_FromStringAndSize(NULL,
+2
++ expandsize*size
++ 1);
+if (repr == NULL)
+return NULL;
+p = PyString_AS_STRING(repr);
+if (quotes) {
+*p++ = 'u';
+*p++ = (findchar(s, size, '\'') &&
+!findchar(s, size, '"')) ? '"' : '\'';
+}
+while (size-- > 0) {
+Py_UNICODE ch = *s++;
+/* Escape quotes and backslashes */
+if ((quotes &&
+	     ch == (Py_UNICODE) PyString_AS_STRING(repr)[1]) || ch == '\\') {
+*p++ = '\\';
+*p++ = (char) ch;
+	    continue;
+}
+#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+/* Map 21-bit characters to '\U00xxxxxx' */
+else if (ch >= 0x10000) {
+*p++ = '\\';
+*p++ = 'U';
+*p++ = hexdigit[(ch >> 28) & 0x0000000F];
+*p++ = hexdigit[(ch >> 24) & 0x0000000F];
+*p++ = hexdigit[(ch >> 20) & 0x0000000F];
+*p++ = hexdigit[(ch >> 16) & 0x0000000F];
+*p++ = hexdigit[(ch >> 12) & 0x0000000F];
+*p++ = hexdigit[(ch >> 8) & 0x0000000F];
+*p++ = hexdigit[(ch >> 4) & 0x0000000F];
+*p++ = hexdigit[ch & 0x0000000F];
+	    continue;
+}
+#else
+	/* Map UTF-16 surrogate pairs to '\U00xxxxxx' */
+	else if (ch >= 0xD800 && ch < 0xDC00) {
+	    Py_UNICODE ch2;
+	    Py_UCS4 ucs;
+	    ch2 = *s++;
+	    size--;
+	    if (ch2 >= 0xDC00 && ch2 <= 0xDFFF) {
+		ucs = (((ch & 0x03FF) << 10) | (ch2 & 0x03FF)) + 0x00010000;
+		*p++ = '\\';
+		*p++ = 'U';
+		*p++ = hexdigit[(ucs >> 28) & 0x0000000F];
+		*p++ = hexdigit[(ucs >> 24) & 0x0000000F];
+		*p++ = hexdigit[(ucs >> 20) & 0x0000000F];
+		*p++ = hexdigit[(ucs >> 16) & 0x0000000F];
+		*p++ = hexdigit[(ucs >> 12) & 0x0000000F];
+		*p++ = hexdigit[(ucs >> 8) & 0x0000000F];
+		*p++ = hexdigit[(ucs >> 4) & 0x0000000F];
+		*p++ = hexdigit[ucs & 0x0000000F];
+		continue;
+	    }
+	    /* Fall through: isolated surrogates are copied as-is */
+	    s--;
+	    size++;
+	}
+#endif
+/* Map 16-bit characters to '\uxxxx' */
+if (ch >= 256) {
+*p++ = '\\';
+*p++ = 'u';
+*p++ = hexdigit[(ch >> 12) & 0x000F];
+*p++ = hexdigit[(ch >> 8) & 0x000F];
+*p++ = hexdigit[(ch >> 4) & 0x000F];
+*p++ = hexdigit[ch & 0x000F];
+}
+/* Map special whitespace to '\t', \n', '\r' */
+else if (ch == '\t') {
+*p++ = '\\';
+*p++ = 't';
+}
+else if (ch == '\n') {
+*p++ = '\\';
+*p++ = 'n';
+}
+else if (ch == '\r') {
+*p++ = '\\';
+*p++ = 'r';
+}
+/* Map non-printable US ASCII to '\xhh' */
+else if (ch < ' ' || ch >= 0x7F) {
+*p++ = '\\';
+*p++ = 'x';
+*p++ = hexdigit[(ch >> 4) & 0x000F];
+*p++ = hexdigit[ch & 0x000F];
+}
+/* Copy everything else as-is */
+else
+*p++ = (char) ch;
+}
+if (quotes)
+*p++ = PyString_AS_STRING(repr)[1];
+*p = '\0';
+_PyString_Resize(&repr, p - PyString_AS_STRING(repr));
+return repr;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_EncodeUnicodeEscape(const Py_UNICODE *s,
+					Py_ssize_t size)
+{
+return unicodeescape_string(s, size, 0);
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_AsUnicodeEscapeString(PyObject *unicode)
+{
+if (!PyUnicode_Check(unicode)) {
+PyErr_BadArgument();
+return NULL;
+}
+return PyUnicode_EncodeUnicodeEscape(PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(unicode),
+					 PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(unicode));
+}
+/* --- Raw Unicode Escape Codec ------------------------------------------- */
+PyObject *PyUnicode_DecodeRawUnicodeEscape(const char *s,
+					   Py_ssize_t size,
+					   const char *errors)
+{
+const char *starts = s;
+Py_ssize_t startinpos;
+Py_ssize_t endinpos;
+Py_ssize_t outpos;
+PyUnicodeObject *v;
+Py_UNICODE *p;
+const char *end;
+const char *bs;
+PyObject *errorHandler = NULL;
+PyObject *exc = NULL;
+/* Escaped strings will always be longer than the resulting
+Unicode string, so we start with size here and then reduce the
+length after conversion to the true value. (But decoding error
+handler might have to resize the string) */
+v = _PyUnicode_New(size);
+if (v == NULL)
+	goto onError;
+if (size == 0)
+	return (PyObject *)v;
+p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v);
+end = s + size;
+while (s < end) {
+	unsigned char c;
+	Py_UCS4 x;
+	int i;
+int count;
+	/* Non-escape characters are interpreted as Unicode ordinals */
+	if (*s != '\\') {
+	    *p++ = (unsigned char)*s++;
+	    continue;
+	}
+	startinpos = s-starts;
+	/* \u-escapes are only interpreted iff the number of leading
+	   backslashes if odd */
+	bs = s;
+	for (;s < end;) {
+	    if (*s != '\\')
+		break;
+	    *p++ = (unsigned char)*s++;
+	}
+	if (((s - bs) & 1) == 0 ||
+	    s >= end ||
+	    (*s != 'u' && *s != 'U')) {
+	    continue;
+	}
+	p--;
+count = *s=='u' ? 4 : 8;
+	s++;
+	/* \uXXXX with 4 hex digits, \Uxxxxxxxx with 8 */
+	outpos = p-PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v);
+	for (x = 0, i = 0; i < count; ++i, ++s) {
+	    c = (unsigned char)*s;
+	    if (!isxdigit(c)) {
+		endinpos = s-starts;
+		if (unicode_decode_call_errorhandler(
+		    errors, &errorHandler,
+		    "rawunicodeescape", "truncated \\uXXXX",
+		    starts, size, &startinpos, &endinpos, &exc, &s,
+		    (PyObject **)&v, &outpos, &p))
+		    goto onError;
+		goto nextByte;
+	    }
+	    x = (x<<4) & ~0xF;
+	    if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
+		x += c - '0';
+	    else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
+		x += 10 + c - 'a';
+	    else
+		x += 10 + c - 'A';
+	}
+if (x <= 0xffff)
+/* UCS-2 character */
+*p++ = (Py_UNICODE) x;
+else if (x <= 0x10ffff) {
+/* UCS-4 character. Either store directly, or as
+surrogate pair. */
+#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+*p++ = (Py_UNICODE) x;
+#else
+x -= 0x10000L;
+*p++ = 0xD800 + (Py_UNICODE) (x >> 10);
+*p++ = 0xDC00 + (Py_UNICODE) (x & 0x03FF);
+#endif
+} else {
+endinpos = s-starts;
+outpos = p-PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v);
+if (unicode_decode_call_errorhandler(
+errors, &errorHandler,
+"rawunicodeescape", "\\Uxxxxxxxx out of range",
+		    starts, size, &startinpos, &endinpos, &exc, &s,
+		    (PyObject **)&v, &outpos, &p))
+		    goto onError;
+}
+	nextByte:
+	;
+}
+if (_PyUnicode_Resize(&v, p - PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v)) < 0)
+	goto onError;
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+return (PyObject *)v;
+onError:
+Py_XDECREF(v);
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+return NULL;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_EncodeRawUnicodeEscape(const Py_UNICODE *s,
+					   Py_ssize_t size)
+{
+PyObject *repr;
+char *p;
+char *q;
+static const char *hexdigit = "0123456789abcdef";
+#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+const Py_ssize_t expandsize = 10;
+#else
+const Py_ssize_t expandsize = 6;
+#endif
+if (size > PY_SSIZE_T_MAX / expandsize)
+	return PyErr_NoMemory();
+repr = PyString_FromStringAndSize(NULL, expandsize * size);
+if (repr == NULL)
+return NULL;
+if (size == 0)
+	return repr;
+p = q = PyString_AS_STRING(repr);
+while (size-- > 0) {
+Py_UNICODE ch = *s++;
+#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+	/* Map 32-bit characters to '\Uxxxxxxxx' */
+	if (ch >= 0x10000) {
+*p++ = '\\';
+*p++ = 'U';
+*p++ = hexdigit[(ch >> 28) & 0xf];
+*p++ = hexdigit[(ch >> 24) & 0xf];
+*p++ = hexdigit[(ch >> 20) & 0xf];
+*p++ = hexdigit[(ch >> 16) & 0xf];
+*p++ = hexdigit[(ch >> 12) & 0xf];
+*p++ = hexdigit[(ch >> 8) & 0xf];
+*p++ = hexdigit[(ch >> 4) & 0xf];
+*p++ = hexdigit[ch & 15];
+}
+else
+#else
+	/* Map UTF-16 surrogate pairs to '\U00xxxxxx' */
+	if (ch >= 0xD800 && ch < 0xDC00) {
+	    Py_UNICODE ch2;
+	    Py_UCS4 ucs;
+	    ch2 = *s++;
+	    size--;
+	    if (ch2 >= 0xDC00 && ch2 <= 0xDFFF) {
+		ucs = (((ch & 0x03FF) << 10) | (ch2 & 0x03FF)) + 0x00010000;
+		*p++ = '\\';
+		*p++ = 'U';
+		*p++ = hexdigit[(ucs >> 28) & 0xf];
+		*p++ = hexdigit[(ucs >> 24) & 0xf];
+		*p++ = hexdigit[(ucs >> 20) & 0xf];
+		*p++ = hexdigit[(ucs >> 16) & 0xf];
+		*p++ = hexdigit[(ucs >> 12) & 0xf];
+		*p++ = hexdigit[(ucs >> 8) & 0xf];
+		*p++ = hexdigit[(ucs >> 4) & 0xf];
+		*p++ = hexdigit[ucs & 0xf];
+		continue;
+	    }
+	    /* Fall through: isolated surrogates are copied as-is */
+	    s--;
+	    size++;
+	}
+#endif
+	/* Map 16-bit characters to '\uxxxx' */
+	if (ch >= 256) {
+*p++ = '\\';
+*p++ = 'u';
+*p++ = hexdigit[(ch >> 12) & 0xf];
+*p++ = hexdigit[(ch >> 8) & 0xf];
+*p++ = hexdigit[(ch >> 4) & 0xf];
+*p++ = hexdigit[ch & 15];
+}
+	/* Copy everything else as-is */
+	else
+*p++ = (char) ch;
+}
+*p = '\0';
+_PyString_Resize(&repr, p - q);
+return repr;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_AsRawUnicodeEscapeString(PyObject *unicode)
+{
+if (!PyUnicode_Check(unicode)) {
+	PyErr_BadArgument();
+	return NULL;
+}
+return PyUnicode_EncodeRawUnicodeEscape(PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(unicode),
+					    PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(unicode));
+}
+/* --- Unicode Internal Codec ------------------------------------------- */
+PyObject *_PyUnicode_DecodeUnicodeInternal(const char *s,
+					   Py_ssize_t size,
+					   const char *errors)
+{
+const char *starts = s;
+Py_ssize_t startinpos;
+Py_ssize_t endinpos;
+Py_ssize_t outpos;
+PyUnicodeObject *v;
+Py_UNICODE *p;
+const char *end;
+const char *reason;
+PyObject *errorHandler = NULL;
+PyObject *exc = NULL;
+#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+Py_UNICODE unimax = PyUnicode_GetMax();
+#endif
+/* XXX overflow detection missing */
+v = _PyUnicode_New((size+Py_UNICODE_SIZE-1)/ Py_UNICODE_SIZE);
+if (v == NULL)
+	goto onError;
+if (PyUnicode_GetSize((PyObject *)v) == 0)
+	return (PyObject *)v;
+p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v);
+end = s + size;
+while (s < end) {
+memcpy(p, s, sizeof(Py_UNICODE));
+/* We have to sanity check the raw data, otherwise doom looms for
+some malformed UCS-4 data. */
+if (
+#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+*p > unimax || *p < 0 ||
+#endif
+end-s < Py_UNICODE_SIZE
+)
+{
+startinpos = s - starts;
+if (end-s < Py_UNICODE_SIZE) {
+endinpos = end-starts;
+reason = "truncated input";
+}
+else {
+endinpos = s - starts + Py_UNICODE_SIZE;
+reason = "illegal code point (> 0x10FFFF)";
+}
+outpos = p - PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v);
+if (unicode_decode_call_errorhandler(
+errors, &errorHandler,
+"unicode_internal", reason,
+starts, size, &startinpos, &endinpos, &exc, &s,
+(PyObject **)&v, &outpos, &p)) {
+goto onError;
+}
+}
+else {
+p++;
+s += Py_UNICODE_SIZE;
+}
+}
+if (_PyUnicode_Resize(&v, p - PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v)) < 0)
+goto onError;
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+return (PyObject *)v;
+onError:
+Py_XDECREF(v);
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+return NULL;
+}
+/* --- Latin-1 Codec ------------------------------------------------------ */
+PyObject *PyUnicode_DecodeLatin1(const char *s,
+				 Py_ssize_t size,
+				 const char *errors)
+{
+PyUnicodeObject *v;
+Py_UNICODE *p;
+/* Latin-1 is equivalent to the first 256 ordinals in Unicode. */
+if (size == 1) {
+	Py_UNICODE r = *(unsigned char*)s;
+	return PyUnicode_FromUnicode(&r, 1);
+}
+v = _PyUnicode_New(size);
+if (v == NULL)
+	goto onError;
+if (size == 0)
+	return (PyObject *)v;
+p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v);
+while (size-- > 0)
+	*p++ = (unsigned char)*s++;
+return (PyObject *)v;
+onError:
+Py_XDECREF(v);
+return NULL;
+}
+/* create or adjust a UnicodeEncodeError */
+static void make_encode_exception(PyObject **exceptionObject,
+const char *encoding,
+const Py_UNICODE *unicode, Py_ssize_t size,
+Py_ssize_t startpos, Py_ssize_t endpos,
+const char *reason)
+{
+if (*exceptionObject == NULL) {
+	*exceptionObject = PyUnicodeEncodeError_Create(
+	    encoding, unicode, size, startpos, endpos, reason);
+}
+else {
+	if (PyUnicodeEncodeError_SetStart(*exceptionObject, startpos))
+	    goto onError;
+	if (PyUnicodeEncodeError_SetEnd(*exceptionObject, endpos))
+	    goto onError;
+	if (PyUnicodeEncodeError_SetReason(*exceptionObject, reason))
+	    goto onError;
+	return;
+	onError:
+	Py_DECREF(*exceptionObject);
+	*exceptionObject = NULL;
+}
+}
+/* raises a UnicodeEncodeError */
+static void raise_encode_exception(PyObject **exceptionObject,
+const char *encoding,
+const Py_UNICODE *unicode, Py_ssize_t size,
+Py_ssize_t startpos, Py_ssize_t endpos,
+const char *reason)
+{
+make_encode_exception(exceptionObject,
+	encoding, unicode, size, startpos, endpos, reason);
+if (*exceptionObject != NULL)
+	PyCodec_StrictErrors(*exceptionObject);
+}
+/* error handling callback helper:
+build arguments, call the callback and check the arguments,
+put the result into newpos and return the replacement string, which
+has to be freed by the caller */
+static PyObject *unicode_encode_call_errorhandler(const char *errors,
+PyObject **errorHandler,
+const char *encoding, const char *reason,
+const Py_UNICODE *unicode, Py_ssize_t size, PyObject **exceptionObject,
+Py_ssize_t startpos, Py_ssize_t endpos,
+Py_ssize_t *newpos)
+{
+static char *argparse = "O!n;encoding error handler must return (unicode, int) tuple";
+PyObject *restuple;
+PyObject *resunicode;
+if (*errorHandler == NULL) {
+	*errorHandler = PyCodec_LookupError(errors);
+if (*errorHandler == NULL)
+	    return NULL;
+}
+make_encode_exception(exceptionObject,
+	encoding, unicode, size, startpos, endpos, reason);
+if (*exceptionObject == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+restuple = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(
+	*errorHandler, *exceptionObject, NULL);
+if (restuple == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+if (!PyTuple_Check(restuple)) {
+	PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, &argparse[4]);
+	Py_DECREF(restuple);
+	return NULL;
+}
+if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(restuple, argparse, &PyUnicode_Type,
+	&resunicode, newpos)) {
+	Py_DECREF(restuple);
+	return NULL;
+}
+if (*newpos<0)
+	*newpos = size+*newpos;
+if (*newpos<0 || *newpos>size) {
+	PyErr_Format(PyExc_IndexError, "position %zd from error handler out of bounds", *newpos);
+	Py_DECREF(restuple);
+	return NULL;
+}
+Py_INCREF(resunicode);
+Py_DECREF(restuple);
+return resunicode;
+}
+static PyObject *unicode_encode_ucs1(const Py_UNICODE *p,
+				 Py_ssize_t size,
+				 const char *errors,
+				 int limit)
+{
+/* output object */
+PyObject *res;
+/* pointers to the beginning and end+1 of input */
+const Py_UNICODE *startp = p;
+const Py_UNICODE *endp = p + size;
+/* pointer to the beginning of the unencodable characters */
+/* const Py_UNICODE *badp = NULL; */
+/* pointer into the output */
+char *str;
+/* current output position */
+Py_ssize_t respos = 0;
+Py_ssize_t ressize;
+const char *encoding = (limit == 256) ? "latin-1" : "ascii";
+const char *reason = (limit == 256) ? "ordinal not in range(256)" : "ordinal not in range(128)";
+PyObject *errorHandler = NULL;
+PyObject *exc = NULL;
+/* the following variable is used for caching string comparisons
+* -1=not initialized, 0=unknown, 1=strict, 2=replace, 3=ignore, 4=xmlcharrefreplace */
+int known_errorHandler = -1;
+/* allocate enough for a simple encoding without
+replacements, if we need more, we'll resize */
+res = PyString_FromStringAndSize(NULL, size);
+if (res == NULL)
+goto onError;
+if (size == 0)
+	return res;
+str = PyString_AS_STRING(res);
+ressize = size;
+while (p<endp) {
+	Py_UNICODE c = *p;
+	/* can we encode this? */
+	if (c<limit) {
+	    /* no overflow check, because we know that the space is enough */
+	    *str++ = (char)c;
+	    ++p;
+	}
+	else {
+	    Py_ssize_t unicodepos = p-startp;
+	    Py_ssize_t requiredsize;
+	    PyObject *repunicode;
+	    Py_ssize_t repsize;
+	    Py_ssize_t newpos;
+	    Py_ssize_t respos;
+	    Py_UNICODE *uni2;
+	    /* startpos for collecting unencodable chars */
+	    const Py_UNICODE *collstart = p;
+	    const Py_UNICODE *collend = p;
+	    /* find all unecodable characters */
+	    while ((collend < endp) && ((*collend)>=limit))
+		++collend;
+	    /* cache callback name lookup (if not done yet, i.e. it's the first error) */
+	    if (known_errorHandler==-1) {
+		if ((errors==NULL) || (!strcmp(errors, "strict")))
+		    known_errorHandler = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp(errors, "replace"))
+		    known_errorHandler = 2;
+		else if (!strcmp(errors, "ignore"))
+		    known_errorHandler = 3;
+		else if (!strcmp(errors, "xmlcharrefreplace"))
+		    known_errorHandler = 4;
+		else
+		    known_errorHandler = 0;
+	    }
+	    switch (known_errorHandler) {
+		case 1: /* strict */
+		    raise_encode_exception(&exc, encoding, startp, size, collstart-startp, collend-startp, reason);
+		    goto onError;
+		case 2: /* replace */
+		    while (collstart++<collend)
+			*str++ = '?'; /* fall through */
+		case 3: /* ignore */
+		    p = collend;
+		    break;
+		case 4: /* xmlcharrefreplace */
+		    respos = str-PyString_AS_STRING(res);
+		    /* determine replacement size (temporarily (mis)uses p) */
+		    for (p = collstart, repsize = 0; p < collend; ++p) {
+			if (*p<10)
+			    repsize += 2+1+1;
+			else if (*p<100)
+			    repsize += 2+2+1;
+			else if (*p<1000)
+			    repsize += 2+3+1;
+			else if (*p<10000)
+			    repsize += 2+4+1;
+#ifndef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+			else
+			    repsize += 2+5+1;
+#else
+			else if (*p<100000)
+			    repsize += 2+5+1;
+			else if (*p<1000000)
+			    repsize += 2+6+1;
+			else
+			    repsize += 2+7+1;
+#endif
+		    }
+		    requiredsize = respos+repsize+(endp-collend);
+		    if (requiredsize > ressize) {
+			if (requiredsize<2*ressize)
+			    requiredsize = 2*ressize;
+			if (_PyString_Resize(&res, requiredsize))
+			    goto onError;
+			str = PyString_AS_STRING(res) + respos;
+			ressize = requiredsize;
+		    }
+		    /* generate replacement (temporarily (mis)uses p) */
+		    for (p = collstart; p < collend; ++p) {
+			str += sprintf(str, "&#%d;", (int)*p);
+		    }
+		    p = collend;
+		    break;
+		default:
+		    repunicode = unicode_encode_call_errorhandler(errors, &errorHandler,
+			encoding, reason, startp, size, &exc,
+			collstart-startp, collend-startp, &newpos);
+		    if (repunicode == NULL)
+			goto onError;
+		    /* need more space? (at least enough for what we
+		       have+the replacement+the rest of the string, so
+		       we won't have to check space for encodable characters) */
+		    respos = str-PyString_AS_STRING(res);
+		    repsize = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(repunicode);
+		    requiredsize = respos+repsize+(endp-collend);
+		    if (requiredsize > ressize) {
+			if (requiredsize<2*ressize)
+			    requiredsize = 2*ressize;
+			if (_PyString_Resize(&res, requiredsize)) {
+			    Py_DECREF(repunicode);
+			    goto onError;
+			}
+			str = PyString_AS_STRING(res) + respos;
+			ressize = requiredsize;
+		    }
+		    /* check if there is anything unencodable in the replacement
+		       and copy it to the output */
+		    for (uni2 = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(repunicode);repsize-->0; ++uni2, ++str) {
+			c = *uni2;
+			if (c >= limit) {
+			    raise_encode_exception(&exc, encoding, startp, size,
+				unicodepos, unicodepos+1, reason);
+			    Py_DECREF(repunicode);
+			    goto onError;
+			}
+			*str = (char)c;
+		    }
+		    p = startp + newpos;
+		    Py_DECREF(repunicode);
+	    }
+	}
+}
+/* Resize if we allocated to much */
+respos = str-PyString_AS_STRING(res);
+if (respos<ressize)
+/* If this falls res will be NULL */
+	_PyString_Resize(&res, respos);
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+return res;
+onError:
+Py_XDECREF(res);
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+return NULL;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_EncodeLatin1(const Py_UNICODE *p,
+				 Py_ssize_t size,
+				 const char *errors)
+{
+return unicode_encode_ucs1(p, size, errors, 256);
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_AsLatin1String(PyObject *unicode)
+{
+if (!PyUnicode_Check(unicode)) {
+	PyErr_BadArgument();
+	return NULL;
+}
+return PyUnicode_EncodeLatin1(PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(unicode),
+				  PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(unicode),
+				  NULL);
+}
+/* --- 7-bit ASCII Codec -------------------------------------------------- */
+PyObject *PyUnicode_DecodeASCII(const char *s,
+				Py_ssize_t size,
+				const char *errors)
+{
+const char *starts = s;
+PyUnicodeObject *v;
+Py_UNICODE *p;
+Py_ssize_t startinpos;
+Py_ssize_t endinpos;
+Py_ssize_t outpos;
+const char *e;
+PyObject *errorHandler = NULL;
+PyObject *exc = NULL;
+/* ASCII is equivalent to the first 128 ordinals in Unicode. */
+if (size == 1 && *(unsigned char*)s < 128) {
+	Py_UNICODE r = *(unsigned char*)s;
+	return PyUnicode_FromUnicode(&r, 1);
+}
+v = _PyUnicode_New(size);
+if (v == NULL)
+	goto onError;
+if (size == 0)
+	return (PyObject *)v;
+p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v);
+e = s + size;
+while (s < e) {
+	register unsigned char c = (unsigned char)*s;
+	if (c < 128) {
+	    *p++ = c;
+	    ++s;
+	}
+	else {
+	    startinpos = s-starts;
+	    endinpos = startinpos + 1;
+	    outpos = p - (Py_UNICODE *)PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v);
+	    if (unicode_decode_call_errorhandler(
+		 errors, &errorHandler,
+		 "ascii", "ordinal not in range(128)",
+		 starts, size, &startinpos, &endinpos, &exc, &s,
+		 (PyObject **)&v, &outpos, &p))
+		goto onError;
+	}
+}
+if (p - PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v) < PyString_GET_SIZE(v))
+	if (_PyUnicode_Resize(&v, p - PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v)) < 0)
+	    goto onError;
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+return (PyObject *)v;
+onError:
+Py_XDECREF(v);
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+return NULL;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_EncodeASCII(const Py_UNICODE *p,
+				Py_ssize_t size,
+				const char *errors)
+{
+return unicode_encode_ucs1(p, size, errors, 128);
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_AsASCIIString(PyObject *unicode)
+{
+if (!PyUnicode_Check(unicode)) {
+	PyErr_BadArgument();
+	return NULL;
+}
+return PyUnicode_EncodeASCII(PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(unicode),
+				 PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(unicode),
+				 NULL);
+}
+#if defined(MS_WINDOWS) && defined(HAVE_USABLE_WCHAR_T)
+/* --- MBCS codecs for Windows -------------------------------------------- */
+#if SIZEOF_INT < SIZEOF_SSIZE_T
+#define NEED_RETRY
+#endif
+/* XXX This code is limited to "true" double-byte encodings, as
+a) it assumes an incomplete character consists of a single byte, and
+b) IsDBCSLeadByte (probably) does not work for non-DBCS multi-byte
+encodings, see IsDBCSLeadByteEx documentation. */
+static int is_dbcs_lead_byte(const char *s, int offset)
+{
+const char *curr = s + offset;
+if (IsDBCSLeadByte(*curr)) {
+	const char *prev = CharPrev(s, curr);
+	return (prev == curr) || !IsDBCSLeadByte(*prev) || (curr - prev == 2);
+}
+return 0;
+}
+/*
+* Decode MBCS string into unicode object. If 'final' is set, converts
+* trailing lead-byte too. Returns consumed size if succeed, -1 otherwise.
+*/
+static int decode_mbcs(PyUnicodeObject **v,
+			const char *s, /* MBCS string */
+			int size, /* sizeof MBCS string */
+			int final)
+{
+Py_UNICODE *p;
+Py_ssize_t n = 0;
+int usize = 0;
+assert(size >= 0);
+/* Skip trailing lead-byte unless 'final' is set */
+if (!final && size >= 1 && is_dbcs_lead_byte(s, size - 1))
+	--size;
+/* First get the size of the result */
+if (size > 0) {
+	usize = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, s, size, NULL, 0);
+	if (usize == 0) {
+	    PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFilename(0, NULL);
+	    return -1;
+	}
+}
+if (*v == NULL) {
+	/* Create unicode object */
+	*v = _PyUnicode_New(usize);
+	if (*v == NULL)
+	    return -1;
+}
+else {
+	/* Extend unicode object */
+	n = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(*v);
+	if (_PyUnicode_Resize(v, n + usize) < 0)
+	    return -1;
+}
+/* Do the conversion */
+if (size > 0) {
+	p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(*v) + n;
+	if (0 == MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, s, size, p, usize)) {
+	    PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFilename(0, NULL);
+	    return -1;
+	}
+}
+return size;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_DecodeMBCSStateful(const char *s,
+					Py_ssize_t size,
+					const char *errors,
+					Py_ssize_t *consumed)
+{
+PyUnicodeObject *v = NULL;
+int done;
+if (consumed)
+	*consumed = 0;
+#ifdef NEED_RETRY
+retry:
+if (size > INT_MAX)
+	done = decode_mbcs(&v, s, INT_MAX, 0);
+else
+#endif
+	done = decode_mbcs(&v, s, (int)size, !consumed);
+if (done < 0) {
+Py_XDECREF(v);
+	return NULL;
+}
+if (consumed)
+	*consumed += done;
+#ifdef NEED_RETRY
+if (size > INT_MAX) {
+	s += done;
+	size -= done;
+	goto retry;
+}
+#endif
+return (PyObject *)v;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_DecodeMBCS(const char *s,
+				Py_ssize_t size,
+				const char *errors)
+{
+return PyUnicode_DecodeMBCSStateful(s, size, errors, NULL);
+}
+/*
+* Convert unicode into string object (MBCS).
+* Returns 0 if succeed, -1 otherwise.
+*/
+static int encode_mbcs(PyObject **repr,
+			const Py_UNICODE *p, /* unicode */
+			int size) /* size of unicode */
+{
+int mbcssize = 0;
+Py_ssize_t n = 0;
+assert(size >= 0);
+/* First get the size of the result */
+if (size > 0) {
+	mbcssize = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, p, size, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
+	if (mbcssize == 0) {
+	    PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFilename(0, NULL);
+	    return -1;
+	}
+}
+if (*repr == NULL) {
+	/* Create string object */
+	*repr = PyString_FromStringAndSize(NULL, mbcssize);
+	if (*repr == NULL)
+	    return -1;
+}
+else {
+	/* Extend string object */
+	n = PyString_Size(*repr);
+	if (_PyString_Resize(repr, n + mbcssize) < 0)
+	    return -1;
+}
+/* Do the conversion */
+if (size > 0) {
+	char *s = PyString_AS_STRING(*repr) + n;
+	if (0 == WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, p, size, s, mbcssize, NULL, NULL)) {
+	    PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFilename(0, NULL);
+	    return -1;
+	}
+}
+return 0;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_EncodeMBCS(const Py_UNICODE *p,
+				Py_ssize_t size,
+				const char *errors)
+{
+PyObject *repr = NULL;
+int ret;
+#ifdef NEED_RETRY
+retry:
+if (size > INT_MAX)
+	ret = encode_mbcs(&repr, p, INT_MAX);
+else
+#endif
+	ret = encode_mbcs(&repr, p, (int)size);
+if (ret < 0) {
+	Py_XDECREF(repr);
+	return NULL;
+}
+#ifdef NEED_RETRY
+if (size > INT_MAX) {
+	p += INT_MAX;
+	size -= INT_MAX;
+	goto retry;
+}
+#endif
+return repr;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_AsMBCSString(PyObject *unicode)
+{
+if (!PyUnicode_Check(unicode)) {
+PyErr_BadArgument();
+return NULL;
+}
+return PyUnicode_EncodeMBCS(PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(unicode),
+				PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(unicode),
+				NULL);
+}
+#undef NEED_RETRY
+#endif /* MS_WINDOWS */
+/* --- Character Mapping Codec -------------------------------------------- */
+PyObject *PyUnicode_DecodeCharmap(const char *s,
+				  Py_ssize_t size,
+				  PyObject *mapping,
+				  const char *errors)
+{
+const char *starts = s;
+Py_ssize_t startinpos;
+Py_ssize_t endinpos;
+Py_ssize_t outpos;
+const char *e;
+PyUnicodeObject *v;
+Py_UNICODE *p;
+Py_ssize_t extrachars = 0;
+PyObject *errorHandler = NULL;
+PyObject *exc = NULL;
+Py_UNICODE *mapstring = NULL;
+Py_ssize_t maplen = 0;
+/* Default to Latin-1 */
+if (mapping == NULL)
+	return PyUnicode_DecodeLatin1(s, size, errors);
+v = _PyUnicode_New(size);
+if (v == NULL)
+	goto onError;
+if (size == 0)
+	return (PyObject *)v;
+p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v);
+e = s + size;
+if (PyUnicode_CheckExact(mapping)) {
+	mapstring = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(mapping);
+	maplen = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(mapping);
+	while (s < e) {
+	    unsigned char ch = *s;
+	    Py_UNICODE x = 0xfffe; /* illegal value */
+	    if (ch < maplen)
+		x = mapstring[ch];
+	    if (x == 0xfffe) {
+		/* undefined mapping */
+		outpos = p-PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v);
+		startinpos = s-starts;
+		endinpos = startinpos+1;
+		if (unicode_decode_call_errorhandler(
+		     errors, &errorHandler,
+		     "charmap", "character maps to <undefined>",
+		     starts, size, &startinpos, &endinpos, &exc, &s,
+		     (PyObject **)&v, &outpos, &p)) {
+		    goto onError;
+		}
+		continue;
+	    }
+	    *p++ = x;
+	    ++s;
+	}
+}
+else {
+	while (s < e) {
+	    unsigned char ch = *s;
+	    PyObject *w, *x;
+	    /* Get mapping (char ordinal -> integer, Unicode char or None) */
+	    w = PyInt_FromLong((long)ch);
+	    if (w == NULL)
+		goto onError;
+	    x = PyObject_GetItem(mapping, w);
+	    Py_DECREF(w);
+	    if (x == NULL) {
+		if (PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_LookupError)) {
+		    /* No mapping found means: mapping is undefined. */
+		    PyErr_Clear();
+		    x = Py_None;
+		    Py_INCREF(x);
+		} else
+		    goto onError;
+	    }
+	    /* Apply mapping */
+	    if (PyInt_Check(x)) {
+		long value = PyInt_AS_LONG(x);
+		if (value < 0 || value > 65535) {
+		    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+				    "character mapping must be in range(65536)");
+		    Py_DECREF(x);
+		    goto onError;
+		}
+		*p++ = (Py_UNICODE)value;
+	    }
+	    else if (x == Py_None) {
+		/* undefined mapping */
+		outpos = p-PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v);
+		startinpos = s-starts;
+		endinpos = startinpos+1;
+		if (unicode_decode_call_errorhandler(
+		     errors, &errorHandler,
+		     "charmap", "character maps to <undefined>",
+		     starts, size, &startinpos, &endinpos, &exc, &s,
+		     (PyObject **)&v, &outpos, &p)) {
+		    Py_DECREF(x);
+		    goto onError;
+		}
+		Py_DECREF(x);
+		continue;
+	    }
+	    else if (PyUnicode_Check(x)) {
+		Py_ssize_t targetsize = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(x);
+		if (targetsize == 1)
+		    /* 1-1 mapping */
+		    *p++ = *PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(x);
+		else if (targetsize > 1) {
+		    /* 1-n mapping */
+		    if (targetsize > extrachars) {
+			/* resize first */
+			Py_ssize_t oldpos = p - PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v);
+			Py_ssize_t needed = (targetsize - extrachars) + \
+				     (targetsize << 2);
+			extrachars += needed;
+			/* XXX overflow detection missing */
+			if (_PyUnicode_Resize(&v,
+					     PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(v) + needed) < 0) {
+			    Py_DECREF(x);
+			    goto onError;
+			}
+			p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v) + oldpos;
+		    }
+		    Py_UNICODE_COPY(p,
+				    PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(x),
+				    targetsize);
+		    p += targetsize;
+		    extrachars -= targetsize;
+		}
+		/* 1-0 mapping: skip the character */
+	    }
+	    else {
+		/* wrong return value */
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+		      "character mapping must return integer, None or unicode");
+		Py_DECREF(x);
+		goto onError;
+	    }
+	    Py_DECREF(x);
+	    ++s;
+	}
+}
+if (p - PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v) < PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(v))
+	if (_PyUnicode_Resize(&v, p - PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v)) < 0)
+	    goto onError;
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+return (PyObject *)v;
+onError:
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+Py_XDECREF(v);
+return NULL;
+}
+/* Charmap encoding: the lookup table */
+struct encoding_map{
+PyObject_HEAD
+unsigned char level1[32];
+int count2, count3;
+unsigned char level23[1];
+};
+static PyObject*
+encoding_map_size(PyObject *obj, PyObject* args)
+{
+struct encoding_map *map = (struct encoding_map*)obj;
+return PyInt_FromLong(sizeof(*map) - 1 + 16*map->count2 +
+128*map->count3);
+}
+static PyMethodDef encoding_map_methods[] = {
+	{"size", encoding_map_size, METH_NOARGS,
+PyDoc_STR("Return the size (in bytes) of this object") },
+{ 0 }
+};
+static void
+encoding_map_dealloc(PyObject* o)
+{
+	PyObject_FREE(o);
+}
+static PyTypeObject EncodingMapType = {
+	PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)
+"EncodingMap",          /*tp_name*/
+sizeof(struct encoding_map),   /*tp_basicsize*/
+0,                      /*tp_itemsize*/
+/* methods */
+encoding_map_dealloc,   /*tp_dealloc*/
+0,                      /*tp_print*/
+0,                      /*tp_getattr*/
+0,                      /*tp_setattr*/
+0,                      /*tp_compare*/
+0,                      /*tp_repr*/
+0,                      /*tp_as_number*/
+0,                      /*tp_as_sequence*/
+0,                      /*tp_as_mapping*/
+0,                      /*tp_hash*/
+0,                      /*tp_call*/
+0,                      /*tp_str*/
+0,                      /*tp_getattro*/
+0,                      /*tp_setattro*/
+0,                      /*tp_as_buffer*/
+Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT,     /*tp_flags*/
+0,                      /*tp_doc*/
+0,                      /*tp_traverse*/
+0,                      /*tp_clear*/
+0,                      /*tp_richcompare*/
+0,                      /*tp_weaklistoffset*/
+0,                      /*tp_iter*/
+0,                      /*tp_iternext*/
+encoding_map_methods,   /*tp_methods*/
+0,                      /*tp_members*/
+0,                      /*tp_getset*/
+0,                      /*tp_base*/
+0,                      /*tp_dict*/
+0,                      /*tp_descr_get*/
+0,                      /*tp_descr_set*/
+0,                      /*tp_dictoffset*/
+0,                      /*tp_init*/
+0,                      /*tp_alloc*/
+0,                      /*tp_new*/
+0,                      /*tp_free*/
+0,                      /*tp_is_gc*/
+};
+PyObject*
+PyUnicode_BuildEncodingMap(PyObject* string)
+{
+Py_UNICODE *decode;
+PyObject *result;
+struct encoding_map *mresult;
+int i;
+int need_dict = 0;
+unsigned char level1[32];
+unsigned char level2[512];
+unsigned char *mlevel1, *mlevel2, *mlevel3;
+int count2 = 0, count3 = 0;
+if (!PyUnicode_Check(string) || PyUnicode_GetSize(string) != 256) {
+PyErr_BadArgument();
+return NULL;
+}
+decode = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(string);
+memset(level1, 0xFF, sizeof level1);
+memset(level2, 0xFF, sizeof level2);
+/* If there isn't a one-to-one mapping of NULL to \0,
+or if there are non-BMP characters, we need to use
+a mapping dictionary. */
+if (decode[0] != 0)
+need_dict = 1;
+for (i = 1; i < 256; i++) {
+int l1, l2;
+if (decode[i] == 0
+#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+|| decode[i] > 0xFFFF
+#endif
+) {
+need_dict = 1;
+break;
+}
+if (decode[i] == 0xFFFE)
+/* unmapped character */
+continue;
+l1 = decode[i] >> 11;
+l2 = decode[i] >> 7;
+if (level1[l1] == 0xFF)
+level1[l1] = count2++;
+if (level2[l2] == 0xFF)
+level2[l2] = count3++;
+}
+if (count2 >= 0xFF || count3 >= 0xFF)
+need_dict = 1;
+if (need_dict) {
+PyObject *result = PyDict_New();
+PyObject *key, *value;
+if (!result)
+return NULL;
+for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
+key = value = NULL;
+key = PyInt_FromLong(decode[i]);
+value = PyInt_FromLong(i);
+if (!key || !value)
+goto failed1;
+if (PyDict_SetItem(result, key, value) == -1)
+goto failed1;
+Py_DECREF(key);
+Py_DECREF(value);
+}
+return result;
+failed1:
+Py_XDECREF(key);
+Py_XDECREF(value);
+Py_DECREF(result);
+return NULL;
+}
+/* Create a three-level trie */
+result = PyObject_MALLOC(sizeof(struct encoding_map) +
+16*count2 + 128*count3 - 1);
+if (!result)
+return PyErr_NoMemory();
+PyObject_Init(result, &EncodingMapType);
+mresult = (struct encoding_map*)result;
+mresult->count2 = count2;
+mresult->count3 = count3;
+mlevel1 = mresult->level1;
+mlevel2 = mresult->level23;
+mlevel3 = mresult->level23 + 16*count2;
+memcpy(mlevel1, level1, 32);
+memset(mlevel2, 0xFF, 16*count2);
+memset(mlevel3, 0, 128*count3);
+count3 = 0;
+for (i = 1; i < 256; i++) {
+int o1, o2, o3, i2, i3;
+if (decode[i] == 0xFFFE)
+/* unmapped character */
+continue;
+o1 = decode[i]>>11;
+o2 = (decode[i]>>7) & 0xF;
+i2 = 16*mlevel1[o1] + o2;
+if (mlevel2[i2] == 0xFF)
+mlevel2[i2] = count3++;
+o3 = decode[i] & 0x7F;
+i3 = 128*mlevel2[i2] + o3;
+mlevel3[i3] = i;
+}
+return result;
+}
+static int
+encoding_map_lookup(Py_UNICODE c, PyObject *mapping)
+{
+struct encoding_map *map = (struct encoding_map*)mapping;
+int l1 = c>>11;
+int l2 = (c>>7) & 0xF;
+int l3 = c & 0x7F;
+int i;
+#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+if (c > 0xFFFF) {
+	return -1;
+}
+#endif
+if (c == 0)
+return 0;
+/* level 1*/
+i = map->level1[l1];
+if (i == 0xFF) {
+return -1;
+}
+/* level 2*/
+i = map->level23[16*i+l2];
+if (i == 0xFF) {
+return -1;
+}
+/* level 3 */
+i = map->level23[16*map->count2 + 128*i + l3];
+if (i == 0) {
+return -1;
+}
+return i;
+}
+/* Lookup the character ch in the mapping. If the character
+can't be found, Py_None is returned (or NULL, if another
+error occurred). */
+static PyObject *charmapencode_lookup(Py_UNICODE c, PyObject *mapping)
+{
+PyObject *w = PyInt_FromLong((long)c);
+PyObject *x;
+if (w == NULL)
+	 return NULL;
+x = PyObject_GetItem(mapping, w);
+Py_DECREF(w);
+if (x == NULL) {
+	if (PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_LookupError)) {
+	    /* No mapping found means: mapping is undefined. */
+	    PyErr_Clear();
+	    x = Py_None;
+	    Py_INCREF(x);
+	    return x;
+	} else
+	    return NULL;
+}
+else if (x == Py_None)
+	return x;
+else if (PyInt_Check(x)) {
+	long value = PyInt_AS_LONG(x);
+	if (value < 0 || value > 255) {
+	    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			     "character mapping must be in range(256)");
+	    Py_DECREF(x);
+	    return NULL;
+	}
+	return x;
+}
+else if (PyString_Check(x))
+	return x;
+else {
+	/* wrong return value */
+	PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+	      "character mapping must return integer, None or str");
+	Py_DECREF(x);
+	return NULL;
+}
+}
+static int
+charmapencode_resize(PyObject **outobj, Py_ssize_t *outpos, Py_ssize_t requiredsize)
+{
+	Py_ssize_t outsize = PyString_GET_SIZE(*outobj);
+	/* exponentially overallocate to minimize reallocations */
+	if (requiredsize < 2*outsize)
+	    requiredsize = 2*outsize;
+	if (_PyString_Resize(outobj, requiredsize)) {
+	    return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+typedef enum charmapencode_result {
+enc_SUCCESS, enc_FAILED, enc_EXCEPTION
+}charmapencode_result;
+/* lookup the character, put the result in the output string and adjust
+various state variables. Reallocate the output string if not enough
+space is available. Return a new reference to the object that
+was put in the output buffer, or Py_None, if the mapping was undefined
+(in which case no character was written) or NULL, if a
+reallocation error occurred. The caller must decref the result */
+static
+charmapencode_result charmapencode_output(Py_UNICODE c, PyObject *mapping,
+PyObject **outobj, Py_ssize_t *outpos)
+{
+PyObject *rep;
+char *outstart;
+Py_ssize_t outsize = PyString_GET_SIZE(*outobj);
+if (Py_TYPE(mapping) == &EncodingMapType) {
+int res = encoding_map_lookup(c, mapping);
+	Py_ssize_t requiredsize = *outpos+1;
+if (res == -1)
+return enc_FAILED;
+	if (outsize<requiredsize)
+	    if (!charmapencode_resize(outobj, outpos, requiredsize))
+		return enc_EXCEPTION;
+outstart = PyString_AS_STRING(*outobj);
+	outstart[(*outpos)++] = (char)res;
+	return enc_SUCCESS;
+}
+rep = charmapencode_lookup(c, mapping);
+if (rep==NULL)
+	return enc_EXCEPTION;
+else if (rep==Py_None) {
+	Py_DECREF(rep);
+	return enc_FAILED;
+} else {
+	if (PyInt_Check(rep)) {
+	    Py_ssize_t requiredsize = *outpos+1;
+	    if (outsize<requiredsize)
+		if (!charmapencode_resize(outobj, outpos, requiredsize)) {
+		    Py_DECREF(rep);
+		    return enc_EXCEPTION;
+		}
+outstart = PyString_AS_STRING(*outobj);
+	    outstart[(*outpos)++] = (char)PyInt_AS_LONG(rep);
+	}
+	else {
+	    const char *repchars = PyString_AS_STRING(rep);
+	    Py_ssize_t repsize = PyString_GET_SIZE(rep);
+	    Py_ssize_t requiredsize = *outpos+repsize;
+	    if (outsize<requiredsize)
+		if (!charmapencode_resize(outobj, outpos, requiredsize)) {
+		    Py_DECREF(rep);
+		    return enc_EXCEPTION;
+		}
+outstart = PyString_AS_STRING(*outobj);
+	    memcpy(outstart + *outpos, repchars, repsize);
+	    *outpos += repsize;
+	}
+}
+Py_DECREF(rep);
+return enc_SUCCESS;
+}
+/* handle an error in PyUnicode_EncodeCharmap
+Return 0 on success, -1 on error */
+static
+int charmap_encoding_error(
+const Py_UNICODE *p, Py_ssize_t size, Py_ssize_t *inpos, PyObject *mapping,
+PyObject **exceptionObject,
+int *known_errorHandler, PyObject **errorHandler, const char *errors,
+PyObject **res, Py_ssize_t *respos)
+{
+PyObject *repunicode = NULL; /* initialize to prevent gcc warning */
+Py_ssize_t repsize;
+Py_ssize_t newpos;
+Py_UNICODE *uni2;
+/* startpos for collecting unencodable chars */
+Py_ssize_t collstartpos = *inpos;
+Py_ssize_t collendpos = *inpos+1;
+Py_ssize_t collpos;
+char *encoding = "charmap";
+char *reason = "character maps to <undefined>";
+charmapencode_result x;
+/* find all unencodable characters */
+while (collendpos < size) {
+PyObject *rep;
+if (Py_TYPE(mapping) == &EncodingMapType) {
+	    int res = encoding_map_lookup(p[collendpos], mapping);
+	    if (res != -1)
+		break;
+	    ++collendpos;
+	    continue;
+	}
+	rep = charmapencode_lookup(p[collendpos], mapping);
+	if (rep==NULL)
+	    return -1;
+	else if (rep!=Py_None) {
+	    Py_DECREF(rep);
+	    break;
+	}
+	Py_DECREF(rep);
+	++collendpos;
+}
+/* cache callback name lookup
+* (if not done yet, i.e. it's the first error) */
+if (*known_errorHandler==-1) {
+	if ((errors==NULL) || (!strcmp(errors, "strict")))
+	    *known_errorHandler = 1;
+	else if (!strcmp(errors, "replace"))
+	    *known_errorHandler = 2;
+	else if (!strcmp(errors, "ignore"))
+	    *known_errorHandler = 3;
+	else if (!strcmp(errors, "xmlcharrefreplace"))
+	    *known_errorHandler = 4;
+	else
+	    *known_errorHandler = 0;
+}
+switch (*known_errorHandler) {
+	case 1: /* strict */
+	    raise_encode_exception(exceptionObject, encoding, p, size, collstartpos, collendpos, reason);
+	    return -1;
+	case 2: /* replace */
+	    for (collpos = collstartpos; collpos<collendpos; ++collpos) {
+		x = charmapencode_output('?', mapping, res, respos);
+		if (x==enc_EXCEPTION) {
+		    return -1;
+		}
+		else if (x==enc_FAILED) {
+		    raise_encode_exception(exceptionObject, encoding, p, size, collstartpos, collendpos, reason);
+		    return -1;
+		}
+	    }
+	    /* fall through */
+	case 3: /* ignore */
+	    *inpos = collendpos;
+	    break;
+	case 4: /* xmlcharrefreplace */
+	    /* generate replacement (temporarily (mis)uses p) */
+	    for (collpos = collstartpos; collpos < collendpos; ++collpos) {
+		char buffer[2+29+1+1];
+		char *cp;
+		sprintf(buffer, "&#%d;", (int)p[collpos]);
+		for (cp = buffer; *cp; ++cp) {
+		    x = charmapencode_output(*cp, mapping, res, respos);
+		    if (x==enc_EXCEPTION)
+			return -1;
+		    else if (x==enc_FAILED) {
+			raise_encode_exception(exceptionObject, encoding, p, size, collstartpos, collendpos, reason);
+			return -1;
+		    }
+		}
+	    }
+	    *inpos = collendpos;
+	    break;
+	default:
+	    repunicode = unicode_encode_call_errorhandler(errors, errorHandler,
+		encoding, reason, p, size, exceptionObject,
+		collstartpos, collendpos, &newpos);
+	    if (repunicode == NULL)
+		return -1;
+	    /* generate replacement  */
+	    repsize = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(repunicode);
+	    for (uni2 = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(repunicode); repsize-->0; ++uni2) {
+		x = charmapencode_output(*uni2, mapping, res, respos);
+		if (x==enc_EXCEPTION) {
+		    return -1;
+		}
+		else if (x==enc_FAILED) {
+		    Py_DECREF(repunicode);
+		    raise_encode_exception(exceptionObject, encoding, p, size, collstartpos, collendpos, reason);
+		    return -1;
+		}
+	    }
+	    *inpos = newpos;
+	    Py_DECREF(repunicode);
+}
+return 0;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_EncodeCharmap(const Py_UNICODE *p,
+				  Py_ssize_t size,
+				  PyObject *mapping,
+				  const char *errors)
+{
+/* output object */
+PyObject *res = NULL;
+/* current input position */
+Py_ssize_t inpos = 0;
+/* current output position */
+Py_ssize_t respos = 0;
+PyObject *errorHandler = NULL;
+PyObject *exc = NULL;
+/* the following variable is used for caching string comparisons
+* -1=not initialized, 0=unknown, 1=strict, 2=replace,
+* 3=ignore, 4=xmlcharrefreplace */
+int known_errorHandler = -1;
+/* Default to Latin-1 */
+if (mapping == NULL)
+	return PyUnicode_EncodeLatin1(p, size, errors);
+/* allocate enough for a simple encoding without
+replacements, if we need more, we'll resize */
+res = PyString_FromStringAndSize(NULL, size);
+if (res == NULL)
+goto onError;
+if (size == 0)
+	return res;
+while (inpos<size) {
+	/* try to encode it */
+	charmapencode_result x = charmapencode_output(p[inpos], mapping, &res, &respos);
+	if (x==enc_EXCEPTION) /* error */
+	    goto onError;
+	if (x==enc_FAILED) { /* unencodable character */
+	    if (charmap_encoding_error(p, size, &inpos, mapping,
+		&exc,
+		&known_errorHandler, &errorHandler, errors,
+		&res, &respos)) {
+		goto onError;
+	    }
+	}
+	else
+	    /* done with this character => adjust input position */
+	    ++inpos;
+}
+/* Resize if we allocated to much */
+if (respos<PyString_GET_SIZE(res)) {
+	if (_PyString_Resize(&res, respos))
+	    goto onError;
+}
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+return res;
+onError:
+Py_XDECREF(res);
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+return NULL;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_AsCharmapString(PyObject *unicode,
+				    PyObject *mapping)
+{
+if (!PyUnicode_Check(unicode) || mapping == NULL) {
+	PyErr_BadArgument();
+	return NULL;
+}
+return PyUnicode_EncodeCharmap(PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(unicode),
+				   PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(unicode),
+				   mapping,
+				   NULL);
+}
+/* create or adjust a UnicodeTranslateError */
+static void make_translate_exception(PyObject **exceptionObject,
+const Py_UNICODE *unicode, Py_ssize_t size,
+Py_ssize_t startpos, Py_ssize_t endpos,
+const char *reason)
+{
+if (*exceptionObject == NULL) {
+	*exceptionObject = PyUnicodeTranslateError_Create(
+	    unicode, size, startpos, endpos, reason);
+}
+else {
+	if (PyUnicodeTranslateError_SetStart(*exceptionObject, startpos))
+	    goto onError;
+	if (PyUnicodeTranslateError_SetEnd(*exceptionObject, endpos))
+	    goto onError;
+	if (PyUnicodeTranslateError_SetReason(*exceptionObject, reason))
+	    goto onError;
+	return;
+	onError:
+	Py_DECREF(*exceptionObject);
+	*exceptionObject = NULL;
+}
+}
+/* raises a UnicodeTranslateError */
+static void raise_translate_exception(PyObject **exceptionObject,
+const Py_UNICODE *unicode, Py_ssize_t size,
+Py_ssize_t startpos, Py_ssize_t endpos,
+const char *reason)
+{
+make_translate_exception(exceptionObject,
+	unicode, size, startpos, endpos, reason);
+if (*exceptionObject != NULL)
+	PyCodec_StrictErrors(*exceptionObject);
+}
+/* error handling callback helper:
+build arguments, call the callback and check the arguments,
+put the result into newpos and return the replacement string, which
+has to be freed by the caller */
+static PyObject *unicode_translate_call_errorhandler(const char *errors,
+PyObject **errorHandler,
+const char *reason,
+const Py_UNICODE *unicode, Py_ssize_t size, PyObject **exceptionObject,
+Py_ssize_t startpos, Py_ssize_t endpos,
+Py_ssize_t *newpos)
+{
+static char *argparse = "O!n;translating error handler must return (unicode, int) tuple";
+Py_ssize_t i_newpos;
+PyObject *restuple;
+PyObject *resunicode;
+if (*errorHandler == NULL) {
+	*errorHandler = PyCodec_LookupError(errors);
+if (*errorHandler == NULL)
+	    return NULL;
+}
+make_translate_exception(exceptionObject,
+	unicode, size, startpos, endpos, reason);
+if (*exceptionObject == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+restuple = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(
+	*errorHandler, *exceptionObject, NULL);
+if (restuple == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+if (!PyTuple_Check(restuple)) {
+	PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, &argparse[4]);
+	Py_DECREF(restuple);
+	return NULL;
+}
+if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(restuple, argparse, &PyUnicode_Type,
+	&resunicode, &i_newpos)) {
+	Py_DECREF(restuple);
+	return NULL;
+}
+if (i_newpos<0)
+	*newpos = size+i_newpos;
+else
+*newpos = i_newpos;
+if (*newpos<0 || *newpos>size) {
+	PyErr_Format(PyExc_IndexError, "position %zd from error handler out of bounds", *newpos);
+	Py_DECREF(restuple);
+	return NULL;
+}
+Py_INCREF(resunicode);
+Py_DECREF(restuple);
+return resunicode;
+}
+/* Lookup the character ch in the mapping and put the result in result,
+which must be decrefed by the caller.
+Return 0 on success, -1 on error */
+static
+int charmaptranslate_lookup(Py_UNICODE c, PyObject *mapping, PyObject **result)
+{
+PyObject *w = PyInt_FromLong((long)c);
+PyObject *x;
+if (w == NULL)
+	 return -1;
+x = PyObject_GetItem(mapping, w);
+Py_DECREF(w);
+if (x == NULL) {
+	if (PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_LookupError)) {
+	    /* No mapping found means: use 1:1 mapping. */
+	    PyErr_Clear();
+	    *result = NULL;
+	    return 0;
+	} else
+	    return -1;
+}
+else if (x == Py_None) {
+	*result = x;
+	return 0;
+}
+else if (PyInt_Check(x)) {
+	long value = PyInt_AS_LONG(x);
+	long max = PyUnicode_GetMax();
+	if (value < 0 || value > max) {
+	    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+			     "character mapping must be in range(0x%lx)", max+1);
+	    Py_DECREF(x);
+	    return -1;
+	}
+	*result = x;
+	return 0;
+}
+else if (PyUnicode_Check(x)) {
+	*result = x;
+	return 0;
+}
+else {
+	/* wrong return value */
+	PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+	      "character mapping must return integer, None or unicode");
+	Py_DECREF(x);
+	return -1;
+}
+}
+/* ensure that *outobj is at least requiredsize characters long,
+if not reallocate and adjust various state variables.
+Return 0 on success, -1 on error */
+static
+int charmaptranslate_makespace(PyObject **outobj, Py_UNICODE **outp,
+Py_ssize_t requiredsize)
+{
+Py_ssize_t oldsize = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(*outobj);
+if (requiredsize > oldsize) {
+	/* remember old output position */
+	Py_ssize_t outpos = *outp-PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(*outobj);
+	/* exponentially overallocate to minimize reallocations */
+	if (requiredsize < 2 * oldsize)
+	    requiredsize = 2 * oldsize;
+	if (_PyUnicode_Resize(outobj, requiredsize) < 0)
+	    return -1;
+	*outp = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(*outobj) + outpos;
+}
+return 0;
+}
+/* lookup the character, put the result in the output string and adjust
+various state variables. Return a new reference to the object that
+was put in the output buffer in *result, or Py_None, if the mapping was
+undefined (in which case no character was written).
+The called must decref result.
+Return 0 on success, -1 on error. */
+static
+int charmaptranslate_output(const Py_UNICODE *startinp, const Py_UNICODE *curinp,
+Py_ssize_t insize, PyObject *mapping, PyObject **outobj, Py_UNICODE **outp,
+PyObject **res)
+{
+if (charmaptranslate_lookup(*curinp, mapping, res))
+	return -1;
+if (*res==NULL) {
+	/* not found => default to 1:1 mapping */
+	*(*outp)++ = *curinp;
+}
+else if (*res==Py_None)
+	;
+else if (PyInt_Check(*res)) {
+	/* no overflow check, because we know that the space is enough */
+	*(*outp)++ = (Py_UNICODE)PyInt_AS_LONG(*res);
+}
+else if (PyUnicode_Check(*res)) {
+	Py_ssize_t repsize = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(*res);
+	if (repsize==1) {
+	    /* no overflow check, because we know that the space is enough */
+	    *(*outp)++ = *PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(*res);
+	}
+	else if (repsize!=0) {
+	    /* more than one character */
+	    Py_ssize_t requiredsize = (*outp-PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(*outobj)) +
+		(insize - (curinp-startinp)) +
+		repsize - 1;
+	    if (charmaptranslate_makespace(outobj, outp, requiredsize))
+		return -1;
+	    memcpy(*outp, PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(*res), sizeof(Py_UNICODE)*repsize);
+	    *outp += repsize;
+	}
+}
+else
+	return -1;
+return 0;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_TranslateCharmap(const Py_UNICODE *p,
+				     Py_ssize_t size,
+				     PyObject *mapping,
+				     const char *errors)
+{
+/* output object */
+PyObject *res = NULL;
+/* pointers to the beginning and end+1 of input */
+const Py_UNICODE *startp = p;
+const Py_UNICODE *endp = p + size;
+/* pointer into the output */
+Py_UNICODE *str;
+/* current output position */
+Py_ssize_t respos = 0;
+char *reason = "character maps to <undefined>";
+PyObject *errorHandler = NULL;
+PyObject *exc = NULL;
+/* the following variable is used for caching string comparisons
+* -1=not initialized, 0=unknown, 1=strict, 2=replace,
+* 3=ignore, 4=xmlcharrefreplace */
+int known_errorHandler = -1;
+if (mapping == NULL) {
+	PyErr_BadArgument();
+	return NULL;
+}
+/* allocate enough for a simple 1:1 translation without
+replacements, if we need more, we'll resize */
+res = PyUnicode_FromUnicode(NULL, size);
+if (res == NULL)
+	goto onError;
+if (size == 0)
+	return res;
+str = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(res);
+while (p<endp) {
+	/* try to encode it */
+	PyObject *x = NULL;
+	if (charmaptranslate_output(startp, p, size, mapping, &res, &str, &x)) {
+	    Py_XDECREF(x);
+	    goto onError;
+	}
+	Py_XDECREF(x);
+	if (x!=Py_None) /* it worked => adjust input pointer */
+	    ++p;
+	else { /* untranslatable character */
+	    PyObject *repunicode = NULL; /* initialize to prevent gcc warning */
+	    Py_ssize_t repsize;
+	    Py_ssize_t newpos;
+	    Py_UNICODE *uni2;
+	    /* startpos for collecting untranslatable chars */
+	    const Py_UNICODE *collstart = p;
+	    const Py_UNICODE *collend = p+1;
+	    const Py_UNICODE *coll;
+	    /* find all untranslatable characters */
+	    while (collend < endp) {
+		if (charmaptranslate_lookup(*collend, mapping, &x))
+		    goto onError;
+		Py_XDECREF(x);
+		if (x!=Py_None)
+		    break;
+		++collend;
+	    }
+	    /* cache callback name lookup
+	     * (if not done yet, i.e. it's the first error) */
+	    if (known_errorHandler==-1) {
+		if ((errors==NULL) || (!strcmp(errors, "strict")))
+		    known_errorHandler = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp(errors, "replace"))
+		    known_errorHandler = 2;
+		else if (!strcmp(errors, "ignore"))
+		    known_errorHandler = 3;
+		else if (!strcmp(errors, "xmlcharrefreplace"))
+		    known_errorHandler = 4;
+		else
+		    known_errorHandler = 0;
+	    }
+	    switch (known_errorHandler) {
+		case 1: /* strict */
+		    raise_translate_exception(&exc, startp, size, collstart-startp, collend-startp, reason);
+		    goto onError;
+		case 2: /* replace */
+		    /* No need to check for space, this is a 1:1 replacement */
+		    for (coll = collstart; coll<collend; ++coll)
+			*str++ = '?';
+		    /* fall through */
+		case 3: /* ignore */
+		    p = collend;
+		    break;
+		case 4: /* xmlcharrefreplace */
+		    /* generate replacement (temporarily (mis)uses p) */
+		    for (p = collstart; p < collend; ++p) {
+			char buffer[2+29+1+1];
+			char *cp;
+			sprintf(buffer, "&#%d;", (int)*p);
+			if (charmaptranslate_makespace(&res, &str,
+			    (str-PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(res))+strlen(buffer)+(endp-collend)))
+			    goto onError;
+			for (cp = buffer; *cp; ++cp)
+			    *str++ = *cp;
+		    }
+		    p = collend;
+		    break;
+		default:
+		    repunicode = unicode_translate_call_errorhandler(errors, &errorHandler,
+			reason, startp, size, &exc,
+			collstart-startp, collend-startp, &newpos);
+		    if (repunicode == NULL)
+			goto onError;
+		    /* generate replacement  */
+		    repsize = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(repunicode);
+		    if (charmaptranslate_makespace(&res, &str,
+			(str-PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(res))+repsize+(endp-collend))) {
+			Py_DECREF(repunicode);
+			goto onError;
+		    }
+		    for (uni2 = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(repunicode); repsize-->0; ++uni2)
+			*str++ = *uni2;
+		    p = startp + newpos;
+		    Py_DECREF(repunicode);
+	    }
+	}
+}
+/* Resize if we allocated to much */
+respos = str-PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(res);
+if (respos<PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(res)) {
+	if (_PyUnicode_Resize(&res, respos) < 0)
+	    goto onError;
+}
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+return res;
+onError:
+Py_XDECREF(res);
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+return NULL;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_Translate(PyObject *str,
+			      PyObject *mapping,
+			      const char *errors)
+{
+PyObject *result;
+str = PyUnicode_FromObject(str);
+if (str == NULL)
+	goto onError;
+result = PyUnicode_TranslateCharmap(PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(str),
+					PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(str),
+					mapping,
+					errors);
+Py_DECREF(str);
+return result;
+onError:
+Py_XDECREF(str);
+return NULL;
+}
+/* --- Decimal Encoder ---------------------------------------------------- */
+int PyUnicode_EncodeDecimal(Py_UNICODE *s,
+			    Py_ssize_t length,
+			    char *output,
+			    const char *errors)
+{
+Py_UNICODE *p, *end;
+PyObject *errorHandler = NULL;
+PyObject *exc = NULL;
+const char *encoding = "decimal";
+const char *reason = "invalid decimal Unicode string";
+/* the following variable is used for caching string comparisons
+* -1=not initialized, 0=unknown, 1=strict, 2=replace, 3=ignore, 4=xmlcharrefreplace */
+int known_errorHandler = -1;
+if (output == NULL) {
+	PyErr_BadArgument();
+	return -1;
+}
+p = s;
+end = s + length;
+while (p < end) {
+	register Py_UNICODE ch = *p;
+	int decimal;
+	PyObject *repunicode;
+	Py_ssize_t repsize;
+	Py_ssize_t newpos;
+	Py_UNICODE *uni2;
+	Py_UNICODE *collstart;
+	Py_UNICODE *collend;
+	if (Py_UNICODE_ISSPACE(ch)) {
+	    *output++ = ' ';
+	    ++p;
+	    continue;
+	}
+	decimal = Py_UNICODE_TODECIMAL(ch);
+	if (decimal >= 0) {
+	    *output++ = '0' + decimal;
+	    ++p;
+	    continue;
+	}
+	if (0 < ch && ch < 256) {
+	    *output++ = (char)ch;
+	    ++p;
+	    continue;
+	}
+	/* All other characters are considered unencodable */
+	collstart = p;
+	collend = p+1;
+	while (collend < end) {
+	    if ((0 < *collend && *collend < 256) ||
+	        !Py_UNICODE_ISSPACE(*collend) ||
+	        Py_UNICODE_TODECIMAL(*collend))
+		break;
+	}
+	/* cache callback name lookup
+	 * (if not done yet, i.e. it's the first error) */
+	if (known_errorHandler==-1) {
+	    if ((errors==NULL) || (!strcmp(errors, "strict")))
+		known_errorHandler = 1;
+	    else if (!strcmp(errors, "replace"))
+		known_errorHandler = 2;
+	    else if (!strcmp(errors, "ignore"))
+		known_errorHandler = 3;
+	    else if (!strcmp(errors, "xmlcharrefreplace"))
+		known_errorHandler = 4;
+	    else
+		known_errorHandler = 0;
+	}
+	switch (known_errorHandler) {
+	    case 1: /* strict */
+		raise_encode_exception(&exc, encoding, s, length, collstart-s, collend-s, reason);
+		goto onError;
+	    case 2: /* replace */
+		for (p = collstart; p < collend; ++p)
+		    *output++ = '?';
+		/* fall through */
+	    case 3: /* ignore */
+		p = collend;
+		break;
+	    case 4: /* xmlcharrefreplace */
+		/* generate replacement (temporarily (mis)uses p) */
+		for (p = collstart; p < collend; ++p)
+		    output += sprintf(output, "&#%d;", (int)*p);
+		p = collend;
+		break;
+	    default:
+		repunicode = unicode_encode_call_errorhandler(errors, &errorHandler,
+		    encoding, reason, s, length, &exc,
+		    collstart-s, collend-s, &newpos);
+		if (repunicode == NULL)
+		    goto onError;
+		/* generate replacement  */
+		repsize = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(repunicode);
+		for (uni2 = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(repunicode); repsize-->0; ++uni2) {
+		    Py_UNICODE ch = *uni2;
+		    if (Py_UNICODE_ISSPACE(ch))
+			*output++ = ' ';
+		    else {
+			decimal = Py_UNICODE_TODECIMAL(ch);
+			if (decimal >= 0)
+			    *output++ = '0' + decimal;
+			else if (0 < ch && ch < 256)
+			    *output++ = (char)ch;
+			else {
+			    Py_DECREF(repunicode);
+			    raise_encode_exception(&exc, encoding,
+				s, length, collstart-s, collend-s, reason);
+			    goto onError;
+			}
+		    }
+		}
+		p = s + newpos;
+		Py_DECREF(repunicode);
+	}
+}
+/* 0-terminate the output string */
+*output++ = '\0';
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+return 0;
+onError:
+Py_XDECREF(exc);
+Py_XDECREF(errorHandler);
+return -1;
+}
+/* --- Helpers ------------------------------------------------------------ */
+#include "stringlib/unicodedefs.h"
+#define FROM_UNICODE
+#include "stringlib/fastsearch.h"
+#include "stringlib/count.h"
+#include "stringlib/find.h"
+#include "stringlib/partition.h"
+/* helper macro to fixup start/end slice values */
+#define FIX_START_END(obj)                      \
+if (start < 0)                              \
+start += (obj)->length;                 \
+if (start < 0)                              \
+start = 0;                              \
+if (end > (obj)->length)                    \
+end = (obj)->length;                    \
+if (end < 0)                                \
+end += (obj)->length;                   \
+if (end < 0)                                \
+end = 0;
+Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_Count(PyObject *str,
+PyObject *substr,
+Py_ssize_t start,
+Py_ssize_t end)
+{
+Py_ssize_t result;
+PyUnicodeObject* str_obj;
+PyUnicodeObject* sub_obj;
+str_obj = (PyUnicodeObject*) PyUnicode_FromObject(str);
+if (!str_obj)
+	return -1;
+sub_obj = (PyUnicodeObject*) PyUnicode_FromObject(substr);
+if (!sub_obj) {
+	Py_DECREF(str_obj);
+	return -1;
+}
+FIX_START_END(str_obj);
+result = stringlib_count(
+str_obj->str + start, end - start, sub_obj->str, sub_obj->length
+);
+Py_DECREF(sub_obj);
+Py_DECREF(str_obj);
+return result;
+}
+Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_Find(PyObject *str,
+PyObject *sub,
+Py_ssize_t start,
+Py_ssize_t end,
+int direction)
+{
+Py_ssize_t result;
+str = PyUnicode_FromObject(str);
+if (!str)
+	return -2;
+sub = PyUnicode_FromObject(sub);
+if (!sub) {
+	Py_DECREF(str);
+	return -2;
+}
+if (direction > 0)
+result = stringlib_find_slice(
+PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(str), PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(str),
+PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(sub), PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(sub),
+start, end
+);
+else
+result = stringlib_rfind_slice(
+PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(str), PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(str),
+PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(sub), PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(sub),
+start, end
+);
+Py_DECREF(str);
+Py_DECREF(sub);
+return result;
+}
+static
+int tailmatch(PyUnicodeObject *self,
+	      PyUnicodeObject *substring,
+	      Py_ssize_t start,
+	      Py_ssize_t end,
+	      int direction)
+{
+if (substring->length == 0)
+return 1;
+FIX_START_END(self);
+end -= substring->length;
+if (end < start)
+	return 0;
+if (direction > 0) {
+	if (Py_UNICODE_MATCH(self, end, substring))
+	    return 1;
+} else {
+if (Py_UNICODE_MATCH(self, start, substring))
+	    return 1;
+}
+return 0;
+}
+Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_Tailmatch(PyObject *str,
+			PyObject *substr,
+			Py_ssize_t start,
+			Py_ssize_t end,
+			int direction)
+{
+Py_ssize_t result;
+str = PyUnicode_FromObject(str);
+if (str == NULL)
+	return -1;
+substr = PyUnicode_FromObject(substr);
+if (substr == NULL) {
+	Py_DECREF(str);
+	return -1;
+}
+result = tailmatch((PyUnicodeObject *)str,
+		       (PyUnicodeObject *)substr,
+		       start, end, direction);
+Py_DECREF(str);
+Py_DECREF(substr);
+return result;
+}
+/* Apply fixfct filter to the Unicode object self and return a
+reference to the modified object */
+static
+PyObject *fixup(PyUnicodeObject *self,
+		int (*fixfct)(PyUnicodeObject *s))
+{
+PyUnicodeObject *u;
+u = (PyUnicodeObject*) PyUnicode_FromUnicode(NULL, self->length);
+if (u == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+Py_UNICODE_COPY(u->str, self->str, self->length);
+if (!fixfct(u) && PyUnicode_CheckExact(self)) {
+	/* fixfct should return TRUE if it modified the buffer. If
+	   FALSE, return a reference to the original buffer instead
+	   (to save space, not time) */
+	Py_INCREF(self);
+	Py_DECREF(u);
+	return (PyObject*) self;
+}
+return (PyObject*) u;
+}
+static
+int fixupper(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+Py_ssize_t len = self->length;
+Py_UNICODE *s = self->str;
+int status = 0;
+while (len-- > 0) {
+	register Py_UNICODE ch;
+	ch = Py_UNICODE_TOUPPER(*s);
+	if (ch != *s) {
+status = 1;
+	    *s = ch;
+	}
+s++;
+}
+return status;
+}
+static
+int fixlower(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+Py_ssize_t len = self->length;
+Py_UNICODE *s = self->str;
+int status = 0;
+while (len-- > 0) {
+	register Py_UNICODE ch;
+	ch = Py_UNICODE_TOLOWER(*s);
+	if (ch != *s) {
+status = 1;
+	    *s = ch;
+	}
+s++;
+}
+return status;
+}
+static
+int fixswapcase(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+Py_ssize_t len = self->length;
+Py_UNICODE *s = self->str;
+int status = 0;
+while (len-- > 0) {
+if (Py_UNICODE_ISUPPER(*s)) {
+*s = Py_UNICODE_TOLOWER(*s);
+status = 1;
+} else if (Py_UNICODE_ISLOWER(*s)) {
+*s = Py_UNICODE_TOUPPER(*s);
+status = 1;
+}
+s++;
+}
+return status;
+}
+static
+int fixcapitalize(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+Py_ssize_t len = self->length;
+Py_UNICODE *s = self->str;
+int status = 0;
+if (len == 0)
+	return 0;
+if (Py_UNICODE_ISLOWER(*s)) {
+	*s = Py_UNICODE_TOUPPER(*s);
+	status = 1;
+}
+s++;
+while (--len > 0) {
+if (Py_UNICODE_ISUPPER(*s)) {
+*s = Py_UNICODE_TOLOWER(*s);
+status = 1;
+}
+s++;
+}
+return status;
+}
+static
+int fixtitle(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+register Py_UNICODE *p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(self);
+register Py_UNICODE *e;
+int previous_is_cased;
+/* Shortcut for single character strings */
+if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self) == 1) {
+	Py_UNICODE ch = Py_UNICODE_TOTITLE(*p);
+	if (*p != ch) {
+	    *p = ch;
+	    return 1;
+	}
+	else
+	    return 0;
+}
+e = p + PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self);
+previous_is_cased = 0;
+for (; p < e; p++) {
+	register const Py_UNICODE ch = *p;
+	if (previous_is_cased)
+	    *p = Py_UNICODE_TOLOWER(ch);
+	else
+	    *p = Py_UNICODE_TOTITLE(ch);
+	if (Py_UNICODE_ISLOWER(ch) ||
+	    Py_UNICODE_ISUPPER(ch) ||
+	    Py_UNICODE_ISTITLE(ch))
+	    previous_is_cased = 1;
+	else
+	    previous_is_cased = 0;
+}
+return 1;
+}
+PyObject *
+PyUnicode_Join(PyObject *separator, PyObject *seq)
+{
+PyObject *internal_separator = NULL;
+const Py_UNICODE blank = ' ';
+const Py_UNICODE *sep = &blank;
+Py_ssize_t seplen = 1;
+PyUnicodeObject *res = NULL; /* the result */
+Py_ssize_t res_alloc = 100;  /* # allocated bytes for string in res */
+Py_ssize_t res_used;         /* # used bytes */
+Py_UNICODE *res_p;       /* pointer to free byte in res's string area */
+PyObject *fseq;          /* PySequence_Fast(seq) */
+Py_ssize_t seqlen;              /* len(fseq) -- number of items in sequence */
+PyObject *item;
+Py_ssize_t i;
+fseq = PySequence_Fast(seq, "");
+if (fseq == NULL) {
+	return NULL;
+}
+/* Grrrr.  A codec may be invoked to convert str objects to
+* Unicode, and so it's possible to call back into Python code
+* during PyUnicode_FromObject(), and so it's possible for a sick
+* codec to change the size of fseq (if seq is a list).  Therefore
+* we have to keep refetching the size -- can't assume seqlen
+* is invariant.
+*/
+seqlen = PySequence_Fast_GET_SIZE(fseq);
+/* If empty sequence, return u"". */
+if (seqlen == 0) {
+	res = _PyUnicode_New(0);  /* empty sequence; return u"" */
+	goto Done;
+}
+/* If singleton sequence with an exact Unicode, return that. */
+if (seqlen == 1) {
+	item = PySequence_Fast_GET_ITEM(fseq, 0);
+	if (PyUnicode_CheckExact(item)) {
+	    Py_INCREF(item);
+	    res = (PyUnicodeObject *)item;
+	    goto Done;
+	}
+}
+/* At least two items to join, or one that isn't exact Unicode. */
+if (seqlen > 1) {
+/* Set up sep and seplen -- they're needed. */
+	if (separator == NULL) {
+	    sep = &blank;
+	    seplen = 1;
+}
+	else {
+	    internal_separator = PyUnicode_FromObject(separator);
+	    if (internal_separator == NULL)
+	        goto onError;
+	    sep = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(internal_separator);
+	    seplen = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(internal_separator);
+	    /* In case PyUnicode_FromObject() mutated seq. */
+	    seqlen = PySequence_Fast_GET_SIZE(fseq);
+}
+}
+/* Get space. */
+res = _PyUnicode_New(res_alloc);
+if (res == NULL)
+goto onError;
+res_p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(res);
+res_used = 0;
+for (i = 0; i < seqlen; ++i) {
+	Py_ssize_t itemlen;
+	Py_ssize_t new_res_used;
+	item = PySequence_Fast_GET_ITEM(fseq, i);
+	/* Convert item to Unicode. */
+	if (! PyUnicode_Check(item) && ! PyString_Check(item)) {
+	    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+			 "sequence item %zd: expected string or Unicode,"
+			 " %.80s found",
+			 i, Py_TYPE(item)->tp_name);
+	    goto onError;
+	}
+	item = PyUnicode_FromObject(item);
+	if (item == NULL)
+	    goto onError;
+	/* We own a reference to item from here on. */
+	/* In case PyUnicode_FromObject() mutated seq. */
+	seqlen = PySequence_Fast_GET_SIZE(fseq);
+/* Make sure we have enough space for the separator and the item. */
+	itemlen = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(item);
+	new_res_used = res_used + itemlen;
+	if (new_res_used < 0)
+	    goto Overflow;
+	if (i < seqlen - 1) {
+	    new_res_used += seplen;
+	    if (new_res_used < 0)
+		goto Overflow;
+	}
+	if (new_res_used > res_alloc) {
+	    /* double allocated size until it's big enough */
+	    do {
+	        res_alloc += res_alloc;
+	        if (res_alloc <= 0)
+	            goto Overflow;
+	    } while (new_res_used > res_alloc);
+	    if (_PyUnicode_Resize(&res, res_alloc) < 0) {
+		Py_DECREF(item);
+		goto onError;
+	    }
+res_p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(res) + res_used;
+	}
+	/* Copy item, and maybe the separator. */
+	Py_UNICODE_COPY(res_p, PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(item), itemlen);
+	res_p += itemlen;
+	if (i < seqlen - 1) {
+	    Py_UNICODE_COPY(res_p, sep, seplen);
+	    res_p += seplen;
+	}
+	Py_DECREF(item);
+	res_used = new_res_used;
+}
+/* Shrink res to match the used area; this probably can't fail,
+* but it's cheap to check.
+*/
+if (_PyUnicode_Resize(&res, res_used) < 0)
+	goto onError;
+Done:
+Py_XDECREF(internal_separator);
+Py_DECREF(fseq);
+return (PyObject *)res;
+Overflow:
+PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+"join() result is too long for a Python string");
+Py_DECREF(item);
+/* fall through */
+onError:
+Py_XDECREF(internal_separator);
+Py_DECREF(fseq);
+Py_XDECREF(res);
+return NULL;
+}
+static
+PyUnicodeObject *pad(PyUnicodeObject *self,
+		     Py_ssize_t left,
+		     Py_ssize_t right,
+		     Py_UNICODE fill)
+{
+PyUnicodeObject *u;
+if (left < 0)
+left = 0;
+if (right < 0)
+right = 0;
+if (left == 0 && right == 0 && PyUnicode_CheckExact(self)) {
+Py_INCREF(self);
+return self;
+}
+if (left > PY_SSIZE_T_MAX - self->length ||
+right > PY_SSIZE_T_MAX - (left + self->length)) {
+PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError, "padded string is too long");
+return NULL;
+}
+u = _PyUnicode_New(left + self->length + right);
+if (u) {
+if (left)
+Py_UNICODE_FILL(u->str, fill, left);
+Py_UNICODE_COPY(u->str + left, self->str, self->length);
+if (right)
+Py_UNICODE_FILL(u->str + left + self->length, fill, right);
+}
+return u;
+}
+#define SPLIT_APPEND(data, left, right)					\
+	str = PyUnicode_FromUnicode((data) + (left), (right) - (left));	\
+	if (!str)							\
+	    goto onError;						\
+	if (PyList_Append(list, str)) {					\
+	    Py_DECREF(str);						\
+	    goto onError;						\
+	}								\
+else								\
+Py_DECREF(str);
+static
+PyObject *split_whitespace(PyUnicodeObject *self,
+			   PyObject *list,
+			   Py_ssize_t maxcount)
+{
+register Py_ssize_t i;
+register Py_ssize_t j;
+Py_ssize_t len = self->length;
+PyObject *str;
+register const Py_UNICODE *buf = self->str;
+for (i = j = 0; i < len; ) {
+	/* find a token */
+	while (i < len && Py_UNICODE_ISSPACE(buf[i]))
+	    i++;
+	j = i;
+	while (i < len && !Py_UNICODE_ISSPACE(buf[i]))
+	    i++;
+	if (j < i) {
+	    if (maxcount-- <= 0)
+		break;
+	    SPLIT_APPEND(buf, j, i);
+	    while (i < len && Py_UNICODE_ISSPACE(buf[i]))
+		i++;
+	    j = i;
+	}
+}
+if (j < len) {
+	SPLIT_APPEND(buf, j, len);
+}
+return list;
+onError:
+Py_DECREF(list);
+return NULL;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_Splitlines(PyObject *string,
+			       int keepends)
+{
+register Py_ssize_t i;
+register Py_ssize_t j;
+Py_ssize_t len;
+PyObject *list;
+PyObject *str;
+Py_UNICODE *data;
+string = PyUnicode_FromObject(string);
+if (string == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+data = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(string);
+len = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(string);
+list = PyList_New(0);
+if (!list)
+goto onError;
+for (i = j = 0; i < len; ) {
+	Py_ssize_t eol;
+	/* Find a line and append it */
+	while (i < len && !BLOOM_LINEBREAK(data[i]))
+	    i++;
+	/* Skip the line break reading CRLF as one line break */
+	eol = i;
+	if (i < len) {
+	    if (data[i] == '\r' && i + 1 < len &&
+		data[i+1] == '\n')
+		i += 2;
+	    else
+		i++;
+	    if (keepends)
+		eol = i;
+	}
+	SPLIT_APPEND(data, j, eol);
+	j = i;
+}
+if (j < len) {
+	SPLIT_APPEND(data, j, len);
+}
+Py_DECREF(string);
+return list;
+onError:
+Py_XDECREF(list);
+Py_DECREF(string);
+return NULL;
+}
+static
+PyObject *split_char(PyUnicodeObject *self,
+		     PyObject *list,
+		     Py_UNICODE ch,
+		     Py_ssize_t maxcount)
+{
+register Py_ssize_t i;
+register Py_ssize_t j;
+Py_ssize_t len = self->length;
+PyObject *str;
+register const Py_UNICODE *buf = self->str;
+for (i = j = 0; i < len; ) {
+	if (buf[i] == ch) {
+	    if (maxcount-- <= 0)
+		break;
+	    SPLIT_APPEND(buf, j, i);
+	    i = j = i + 1;
+	} else
+	    i++;
+}
+if (j <= len) {
+	SPLIT_APPEND(buf, j, len);
+}
+return list;
+onError:
+Py_DECREF(list);
+return NULL;
+}
+static
+PyObject *split_substring(PyUnicodeObject *self,
+			  PyObject *list,
+			  PyUnicodeObject *substring,
+			  Py_ssize_t maxcount)
+{
+register Py_ssize_t i;
+register Py_ssize_t j;
+Py_ssize_t len = self->length;
+Py_ssize_t sublen = substring->length;
+PyObject *str;
+for (i = j = 0; i <= len - sublen; ) {
+	if (Py_UNICODE_MATCH(self, i, substring)) {
+	    if (maxcount-- <= 0)
+		break;
+	    SPLIT_APPEND(self->str, j, i);
+	    i = j = i + sublen;
+	} else
+	    i++;
+}
+if (j <= len) {
+	SPLIT_APPEND(self->str, j, len);
+}
+return list;
+onError:
+Py_DECREF(list);
+return NULL;
+}
+static
+PyObject *rsplit_whitespace(PyUnicodeObject *self,
+			    PyObject *list,
+			    Py_ssize_t maxcount)
+{
+register Py_ssize_t i;
+register Py_ssize_t j;
+Py_ssize_t len = self->length;
+PyObject *str;
+register const Py_UNICODE *buf = self->str;
+for (i = j = len - 1; i >= 0; ) {
+	/* find a token */
+	while (i >= 0 && Py_UNICODE_ISSPACE(buf[i]))
+	    i--;
+	j = i;
+	while (i >= 0 && !Py_UNICODE_ISSPACE(buf[i]))
+	    i--;
+	if (j > i) {
+	    if (maxcount-- <= 0)
+		break;
+	    SPLIT_APPEND(buf, i + 1, j + 1);
+	    while (i >= 0 && Py_UNICODE_ISSPACE(buf[i]))
+		i--;
+	    j = i;
+	}
+}
+if (j >= 0) {
+	SPLIT_APPEND(buf, 0, j + 1);
+}
+if (PyList_Reverse(list) < 0)
+goto onError;
+return list;
+onError:
+Py_DECREF(list);
+return NULL;
+}
+static
+PyObject *rsplit_char(PyUnicodeObject *self,
+		      PyObject *list,
+		      Py_UNICODE ch,
+		      Py_ssize_t maxcount)
+{
+register Py_ssize_t i;
+register Py_ssize_t j;
+Py_ssize_t len = self->length;
+PyObject *str;
+register const Py_UNICODE *buf = self->str;
+for (i = j = len - 1; i >= 0; ) {
+	if (buf[i] == ch) {
+	    if (maxcount-- <= 0)
+		break;
+	    SPLIT_APPEND(buf, i + 1, j + 1);
+	    j = i = i - 1;
+	} else
+	    i--;
+}
+if (j >= -1) {
+	SPLIT_APPEND(buf, 0, j + 1);
+}
+if (PyList_Reverse(list) < 0)
+goto onError;
+return list;
+onError:
+Py_DECREF(list);
+return NULL;
+}
+static
+PyObject *rsplit_substring(PyUnicodeObject *self,
+			   PyObject *list,
+			   PyUnicodeObject *substring,
+			   Py_ssize_t maxcount)
+{
+register Py_ssize_t i;
+register Py_ssize_t j;
+Py_ssize_t len = self->length;
+Py_ssize_t sublen = substring->length;
+PyObject *str;
+for (i = len - sublen, j = len; i >= 0; ) {
+	if (Py_UNICODE_MATCH(self, i, substring)) {
+	    if (maxcount-- <= 0)
+		break;
+	    SPLIT_APPEND(self->str, i + sublen, j);
+	    j = i;
+	    i -= sublen;
+	} else
+	    i--;
+}
+if (j >= 0) {
+	SPLIT_APPEND(self->str, 0, j);
+}
+if (PyList_Reverse(list) < 0)
+goto onError;
+return list;
+onError:
+Py_DECREF(list);
+return NULL;
+}
+#undef SPLIT_APPEND
+static
+PyObject *split(PyUnicodeObject *self,
+		PyUnicodeObject *substring,
+		Py_ssize_t maxcount)
+{
+PyObject *list;
+if (maxcount < 0)
+maxcount = PY_SSIZE_T_MAX;
+list = PyList_New(0);
+if (!list)
+return NULL;
+if (substring == NULL)
+	return split_whitespace(self,list,maxcount);
+else if (substring->length == 1)
+	return split_char(self,list,substring->str[0],maxcount);
+else if (substring->length == 0) {
+	Py_DECREF(list);
+	PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "empty separator");
+	return NULL;
+}
+else
+	return split_substring(self,list,substring,maxcount);
+}
+static
+PyObject *rsplit(PyUnicodeObject *self,
+		 PyUnicodeObject *substring,
+		 Py_ssize_t maxcount)
+{
+PyObject *list;
+if (maxcount < 0)
+maxcount = PY_SSIZE_T_MAX;
+list = PyList_New(0);
+if (!list)
+return NULL;
+if (substring == NULL)
+	return rsplit_whitespace(self,list,maxcount);
+else if (substring->length == 1)
+	return rsplit_char(self,list,substring->str[0],maxcount);
+else if (substring->length == 0) {
+	Py_DECREF(list);
+	PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "empty separator");
+	return NULL;
+}
+else
+	return rsplit_substring(self,list,substring,maxcount);
+}
+static
+PyObject *replace(PyUnicodeObject *self,
+		  PyUnicodeObject *str1,
+		  PyUnicodeObject *str2,
+		  Py_ssize_t maxcount)
+{
+PyUnicodeObject *u;
+if (maxcount < 0)
+	maxcount = PY_SSIZE_T_MAX;
+if (str1->length == str2->length) {
+/* same length */
+Py_ssize_t i;
+if (str1->length == 1) {
+/* replace characters */
+Py_UNICODE u1, u2;
+if (!findchar(self->str, self->length, str1->str[0]))
+goto nothing;
+u = (PyUnicodeObject*) PyUnicode_FromUnicode(NULL, self->length);
+if (!u)
+return NULL;
+Py_UNICODE_COPY(u->str, self->str, self->length);
+u1 = str1->str[0];
+u2 = str2->str[0];
+for (i = 0; i < u->length; i++)
+if (u->str[i] == u1) {
+if (--maxcount < 0)
+break;
+u->str[i] = u2;
+}
+} else {
+i = fastsearch(
+self->str, self->length, str1->str, str1->length, FAST_SEARCH
+);
+if (i < 0)
+goto nothing;
+u = (PyUnicodeObject*) PyUnicode_FromUnicode(NULL, self->length);
+if (!u)
+return NULL;
+Py_UNICODE_COPY(u->str, self->str, self->length);
+while (i <= self->length - str1->length)
+if (Py_UNICODE_MATCH(self, i, str1)) {
+if (--maxcount < 0)
+break;
+Py_UNICODE_COPY(u->str+i, str2->str, str2->length);
+i += str1->length;
+} else
+i++;
+}
+} else {
+Py_ssize_t n, i, j, e;
+Py_ssize_t product, new_size, delta;
+Py_UNICODE *p;
+/* replace strings */
+n = stringlib_count(self->str, self->length, str1->str, str1->length);
+if (n > maxcount)
+n = maxcount;
+if (n == 0)
+goto nothing;
+/* new_size = self->length + n * (str2->length - str1->length)); */
+delta = (str2->length - str1->length);
+if (delta == 0) {
+new_size = self->length;
+} else {
+product = n * (str2->length - str1->length);
+if ((product / (str2->length - str1->length)) != n) {
+PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+"replace string is too long");
+return NULL;
+}
+new_size = self->length + product;
+if (new_size < 0) {
+PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+"replace string is too long");
+return NULL;
+}
+}
+u = _PyUnicode_New(new_size);
+if (!u)
+return NULL;
+i = 0;
+p = u->str;
+e = self->length - str1->length;
+if (str1->length > 0) {
+while (n-- > 0) {
+/* look for next match */
+j = i;
+while (j <= e) {
+if (Py_UNICODE_MATCH(self, j, str1))
+break;
+j++;
+}
+		if (j > i) {
+if (j > e)
+break;
+/* copy unchanged part [i:j] */
+Py_UNICODE_COPY(p, self->str+i, j-i);
+p += j - i;
+}
+/* copy substitution string */
+if (str2->length > 0) {
+Py_UNICODE_COPY(p, str2->str, str2->length);
+p += str2->length;
+}
+i = j + str1->length;
+}
+if (i < self->length)
+/* copy tail [i:] */
+Py_UNICODE_COPY(p, self->str+i, self->length-i);
+} else {
+/* interleave */
+while (n > 0) {
+Py_UNICODE_COPY(p, str2->str, str2->length);
+p += str2->length;
+if (--n <= 0)
+break;
+*p++ = self->str[i++];
+}
+Py_UNICODE_COPY(p, self->str+i, self->length-i);
+}
+}
+return (PyObject *) u;
+nothing:
+/* nothing to replace; return original string (when possible) */
+if (PyUnicode_CheckExact(self)) {
+Py_INCREF(self);
+return (PyObject *) self;
+}
+return PyUnicode_FromUnicode(self->str, self->length);
+}
+/* --- Unicode Object Methods --------------------------------------------- */
+PyDoc_STRVAR(title__doc__,
+"S.title() -> unicode\n\
+\n\
+Return a titlecased version of S, i.e. words start with title case\n\
+characters, all remaining cased characters have lower case.");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_title(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+return fixup(self, fixtitle);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(capitalize__doc__,
+"S.capitalize() -> unicode\n\
+\n\
+Return a capitalized version of S, i.e. make the first character\n\
+have upper case.");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_capitalize(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+return fixup(self, fixcapitalize);
+}
+#if 0
+PyDoc_STRVAR(capwords__doc__,
+"S.capwords() -> unicode\n\
+\n\
+Apply .capitalize() to all words in S and return the result with\n\
+normalized whitespace (all whitespace strings are replaced by ' ').");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_capwords(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+PyObject *list;
+PyObject *item;
+Py_ssize_t i;
+/* Split into words */
+list = split(self, NULL, -1);
+if (!list)
+return NULL;
+/* Capitalize each word */
+for (i = 0; i < PyList_GET_SIZE(list); i++) {
+item = fixup((PyUnicodeObject *)PyList_GET_ITEM(list, i),
+		     fixcapitalize);
+if (item == NULL)
+goto onError;
+Py_DECREF(PyList_GET_ITEM(list, i));
+PyList_SET_ITEM(list, i, item);
+}
+/* Join the words to form a new string */
+item = PyUnicode_Join(NULL, list);
+onError:
+Py_DECREF(list);
+return (PyObject *)item;
+}
+#endif
+/* Argument converter.  Coerces to a single unicode character */
+static int
+convert_uc(PyObject *obj, void *addr)
+{
+	Py_UNICODE *fillcharloc = (Py_UNICODE *)addr;
+	PyObject *uniobj;
+	Py_UNICODE *unistr;
+	uniobj = PyUnicode_FromObject(obj);
+	if (uniobj == NULL) {
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"The fill character cannot be converted to Unicode");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(uniobj) != 1) {
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"The fill character must be exactly one character long");
+		Py_DECREF(uniobj);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	unistr = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(uniobj);
+	*fillcharloc = unistr[0];
+	Py_DECREF(uniobj);
+	return 1;
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(center__doc__,
+"S.center(width[, fillchar]) -> unicode\n\
+\n\
+Return S centered in a Unicode string of length width. Padding is\n\
+done using the specified fill character (default is a space)");
+static PyObject *
+unicode_center(PyUnicodeObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+Py_ssize_t marg, left;
+Py_ssize_t width;
+Py_UNICODE fillchar = ' ';
+if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "n|O&:center", &width, convert_uc, &fillchar))
+return NULL;
+if (self->length >= width && PyUnicode_CheckExact(self)) {
+Py_INCREF(self);
+return (PyObject*) self;
+}
+marg = width - self->length;
+left = marg / 2 + (marg & width & 1);
+return (PyObject*) pad(self, left, marg - left, fillchar);
+}
+#if 0
+/* This code should go into some future Unicode collation support
+module. The basic comparison should compare ordinals on a naive
+basis (this is what Java does and thus JPython too). */
+/* speedy UTF-16 code point order comparison */
+/* gleaned from: */
+/* http://www-4.ibm.com/software/developer/library/utf16.html?dwzone=unicode */
+static short utf16Fixup[32] =
+{
+0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+0, 0, 0, 0x2000, -0x800, -0x800, -0x800, -0x800
+};
+static int
+unicode_compare(PyUnicodeObject *str1, PyUnicodeObject *str2)
+{
+Py_ssize_t len1, len2;
+Py_UNICODE *s1 = str1->str;
+Py_UNICODE *s2 = str2->str;
+len1 = str1->length;
+len2 = str2->length;
+while (len1 > 0 && len2 > 0) {
+Py_UNICODE c1, c2;
+c1 = *s1++;
+c2 = *s2++;
+	if (c1 > (1<<11) * 26)
+	    c1 += utf16Fixup[c1>>11];
+	if (c2 > (1<<11) * 26)
+c2 += utf16Fixup[c2>>11];
+/* now c1 and c2 are in UTF-32-compatible order */
+if (c1 != c2)
+return (c1 < c2) ? -1 : 1;
+len1--; len2--;
+}
+return (len1 < len2) ? -1 : (len1 != len2);
+}
+#else
+static int
+unicode_compare(PyUnicodeObject *str1, PyUnicodeObject *str2)
+{
+register Py_ssize_t len1, len2;
+Py_UNICODE *s1 = str1->str;
+Py_UNICODE *s2 = str2->str;
+len1 = str1->length;
+len2 = str2->length;
+while (len1 > 0 && len2 > 0) {
+Py_UNICODE c1, c2;
+c1 = *s1++;
+c2 = *s2++;
+if (c1 != c2)
+return (c1 < c2) ? -1 : 1;
+len1--; len2--;
+}
+return (len1 < len2) ? -1 : (len1 != len2);
+}
+#endif
+int PyUnicode_Compare(PyObject *left,
+		      PyObject *right)
+{
+PyUnicodeObject *u = NULL, *v = NULL;
+int result;
+/* Coerce the two arguments */
+u = (PyUnicodeObject *)PyUnicode_FromObject(left);
+if (u == NULL)
+	goto onError;
+v = (PyUnicodeObject *)PyUnicode_FromObject(right);
+if (v == NULL)
+	goto onError;
+/* Shortcut for empty or interned objects */
+if (v == u) {
+	Py_DECREF(u);
+	Py_DECREF(v);
+	return 0;
+}
+result = unicode_compare(u, v);
+Py_DECREF(u);
+Py_DECREF(v);
+return result;
+onError:
+Py_XDECREF(u);
+Py_XDECREF(v);
+return -1;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_RichCompare(PyObject *left,
+PyObject *right,
+int op)
+{
+int result;
+result = PyUnicode_Compare(left, right);
+if (result == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())
+goto onError;
+/* Convert the return value to a Boolean */
+switch (op) {
+case Py_EQ:
+result = (result == 0);
+break;
+case Py_NE:
+result = (result != 0);
+break;
+case Py_LE:
+result = (result <= 0);
+break;
+case Py_GE:
+result = (result >= 0);
+break;
+case Py_LT:
+result = (result == -1);
+break;
+case Py_GT:
+result = (result == 1);
+break;
+}
+return PyBool_FromLong(result);
+onError:
+/* Standard case
+Type errors mean that PyUnicode_FromObject() could not convert
+one of the arguments (usually the right hand side) to Unicode,
+ie. we can't handle the comparison request. However, it is
+possible that the other object knows a comparison method, which
+is why we return Py_NotImplemented to give the other object a
+chance.
+*/
+if (PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_TypeError)) {
+PyErr_Clear();
+Py_INCREF(Py_NotImplemented);
+return Py_NotImplemented;
+}
+if (op != Py_EQ && op != Py_NE)
+return NULL;
+/* Equality comparison.
+This is a special case: we silence any PyExc_UnicodeDecodeError
+and instead turn it into a PyErr_UnicodeWarning.
+*/
+if (!PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_UnicodeDecodeError))
+return NULL;
+PyErr_Clear();
+if (PyErr_Warn(PyExc_UnicodeWarning,
+(op == Py_EQ) ?
+"Unicode equal comparison "
+"failed to convert both arguments to Unicode - "
+"interpreting them as being unequal" :
+"Unicode unequal comparison "
+"failed to convert both arguments to Unicode - "
+"interpreting them as being unequal"
+) < 0)
+return NULL;
+result = (op == Py_NE);
+return PyBool_FromLong(result);
+}
+int PyUnicode_Contains(PyObject *container,
+		       PyObject *element)
+{
+PyObject *str, *sub;
+int result;
+/* Coerce the two arguments */
+sub = PyUnicode_FromObject(element);
+if (!sub) {
+	PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+	    "'in <string>' requires string as left operand");
+return -1;
+}
+str = PyUnicode_FromObject(container);
+if (!str) {
+Py_DECREF(sub);
+return -1;
+}
+result = stringlib_contains_obj(str, sub);
+Py_DECREF(str);
+Py_DECREF(sub);
+return result;
+}
+/* Concat to string or Unicode object giving a new Unicode object. */
+PyObject *PyUnicode_Concat(PyObject *left,
+			   PyObject *right)
+{
+PyUnicodeObject *u = NULL, *v = NULL, *w;
+/* Coerce the two arguments */
+u = (PyUnicodeObject *)PyUnicode_FromObject(left);
+if (u == NULL)
+	goto onError;
+v = (PyUnicodeObject *)PyUnicode_FromObject(right);
+if (v == NULL)
+	goto onError;
+/* Shortcuts */
+if (v == unicode_empty) {
+	Py_DECREF(v);
+	return (PyObject *)u;
+}
+if (u == unicode_empty) {
+	Py_DECREF(u);
+	return (PyObject *)v;
+}
+/* Concat the two Unicode strings */
+w = _PyUnicode_New(u->length + v->length);
+if (w == NULL)
+	goto onError;
+Py_UNICODE_COPY(w->str, u->str, u->length);
+Py_UNICODE_COPY(w->str + u->length, v->str, v->length);
+Py_DECREF(u);
+Py_DECREF(v);
+return (PyObject *)w;
+onError:
+Py_XDECREF(u);
+Py_XDECREF(v);
+return NULL;
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(count__doc__,
+"S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int\n\
+\n\
+Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring sub in\n\
+Unicode string S[start:end].  Optional arguments start and end are\n\
+interpreted as in slice notation.");
+static PyObject *
+unicode_count(PyUnicodeObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+PyUnicodeObject *substring;
+Py_ssize_t start = 0;
+Py_ssize_t end = PY_SSIZE_T_MAX;
+PyObject *result;
+if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O|O&O&:count", &substring,
+		_PyEval_SliceIndex, &start, _PyEval_SliceIndex, &end))
+return NULL;
+substring = (PyUnicodeObject *)PyUnicode_FromObject(
+(PyObject *)substring);
+if (substring == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+FIX_START_END(self);
+result = PyInt_FromSsize_t(
+stringlib_count(self->str + start, end - start,
+substring->str, substring->length)
+);
+Py_DECREF(substring);
+return result;
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(encode__doc__,
+"S.encode([encoding[,errors]]) -> string or unicode\n\
+\n\
+Encodes S using the codec registered for encoding. encoding defaults\n\
+to the default encoding. errors may be given to set a different error\n\
+handling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise\n\
+a UnicodeEncodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore', 'replace' and\n\
+'xmlcharrefreplace' as well as any other name registered with\n\
+codecs.register_error that can handle UnicodeEncodeErrors.");
+static PyObject *
+unicode_encode(PyUnicodeObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+char *encoding = NULL;
+char *errors = NULL;
+PyObject *v;
+if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "|ss:encode", &encoding, &errors))
+return NULL;
+v = PyUnicode_AsEncodedObject((PyObject *)self, encoding, errors);
+if (v == NULL)
+goto onError;
+if (!PyString_Check(v) && !PyUnicode_Check(v)) {
+PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+"encoder did not return a string/unicode object "
+"(type=%.400s)",
+Py_TYPE(v)->tp_name);
+Py_DECREF(v);
+return NULL;
+}
+return v;
+onError:
+return NULL;
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(decode__doc__,
+"S.decode([encoding[,errors]]) -> string or unicode\n\
+\n\
+Decodes S using the codec registered for encoding. encoding defaults\n\
+to the default encoding. errors may be given to set a different error\n\
+handling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise\n\
+a UnicodeDecodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore' and 'replace'\n\
+as well as any other name registerd with codecs.register_error that is\n\
+able to handle UnicodeDecodeErrors.");
+static PyObject *
+unicode_decode(PyUnicodeObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+char *encoding = NULL;
+char *errors = NULL;
+PyObject *v;
+if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "|ss:decode", &encoding, &errors))
+return NULL;
+v = PyUnicode_AsDecodedObject((PyObject *)self, encoding, errors);
+if (v == NULL)
+goto onError;
+if (!PyString_Check(v) && !PyUnicode_Check(v)) {
+PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+"decoder did not return a string/unicode object "
+"(type=%.400s)",
+Py_TYPE(v)->tp_name);
+Py_DECREF(v);
+return NULL;
+}
+return v;
+onError:
+return NULL;
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(expandtabs__doc__,
+"S.expandtabs([tabsize]) -> unicode\n\
+\n\
+Return a copy of S where all tab characters are expanded using spaces.\n\
+If tabsize is not given, a tab size of 8 characters is assumed.");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_expandtabs(PyUnicodeObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+Py_UNICODE *e;
+Py_UNICODE *p;
+Py_UNICODE *q;
+Py_UNICODE *qe;
+Py_ssize_t i, j, incr;
+PyUnicodeObject *u;
+int tabsize = 8;
+if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "|i:expandtabs", &tabsize))
+	return NULL;
+/* First pass: determine size of output string */
+i = 0; /* chars up to and including most recent \n or \r */
+j = 0; /* chars since most recent \n or \r (use in tab calculations) */
+e = self->str + self->length; /* end of input */
+for (p = self->str; p < e; p++)
+if (*p == '\t') {
+	    if (tabsize > 0) {
+		incr = tabsize - (j % tabsize); /* cannot overflow */
+		if (j > PY_SSIZE_T_MAX - incr)
+		    goto overflow1;
+		j += incr;
+}
+	}
+else {
+	    if (j > PY_SSIZE_T_MAX - 1)
+		goto overflow1;
+j++;
+if (*p == '\n' || *p == '\r') {
+		if (i > PY_SSIZE_T_MAX - j)
+		    goto overflow1;
+i += j;
+j = 0;
+}
+}
+if (i > PY_SSIZE_T_MAX - j)
+	goto overflow1;
+/* Second pass: create output string and fill it */
+u = _PyUnicode_New(i + j);
+if (!u)
+return NULL;
+j = 0; /* same as in first pass */
+q = u->str; /* next output char */
+qe = u->str + u->length; /* end of output */
+for (p = self->str; p < e; p++)
+if (*p == '\t') {
+	    if (tabsize > 0) {
+		i = tabsize - (j % tabsize);
+		j += i;
+		while (i--) {
+		    if (q >= qe)
+			goto overflow2;
+		    *q++ = ' ';
+}
+	    }
+	}
+	else {
+	    if (q >= qe)
+		goto overflow2;
+	    *q++ = *p;
+j++;
+if (*p == '\n' || *p == '\r')
+j = 0;
+}
+return (PyObject*) u;
+overflow2:
+Py_DECREF(u);
+overflow1:
+PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError, "new string is too long");
+return NULL;
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(find__doc__,
+"S.find(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int\n\
+\n\
+Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found,\n\
+such that sub is contained within s[start:end].  Optional\n\
+arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.\n\
+\n\
+Return -1 on failure.");
+static PyObject *
+unicode_find(PyUnicodeObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+PyObject *substring;
+Py_ssize_t start;
+Py_ssize_t end;
+Py_ssize_t result;
+if (!_ParseTupleFinds(args, &substring, &start, &end))
+return NULL;
+result = stringlib_find_slice(
+PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(self), PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self),
+PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(substring), PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(substring),
+start, end
+);
+Py_DECREF(substring);
+return PyInt_FromSsize_t(result);
+}
+static PyObject *
+unicode_getitem(PyUnicodeObject *self, Py_ssize_t index)
+{
+if (index < 0 || index >= self->length) {
+PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IndexError, "string index out of range");
+return NULL;
+}
+return (PyObject*) PyUnicode_FromUnicode(&self->str[index], 1);
+}
+static long
+unicode_hash(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+/* Since Unicode objects compare equal to their ASCII string
+counterparts, they should use the individual character values
+as basis for their hash value.  This is needed to assure that
+strings and Unicode objects behave in the same way as
+dictionary keys. */
+register Py_ssize_t len;
+register Py_UNICODE *p;
+register long x;
+if (self->hash != -1)
+	return self->hash;
+len = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self);
+p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(self);
+x = *p << 7;
+while (--len >= 0)
+	x = (1000003*x) ^ *p++;
+x ^= PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self);
+if (x == -1)
+	x = -2;
+self->hash = x;
+return x;
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(index__doc__,
+"S.index(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int\n\
+\n\
+Like S.find() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found.");
+static PyObject *
+unicode_index(PyUnicodeObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+Py_ssize_t result;
+PyObject *substring;
+Py_ssize_t start;
+Py_ssize_t end;
+if (!_ParseTupleFinds(args, &substring, &start, &end))
+return NULL;
+result = stringlib_find_slice(
+PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(self), PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self),
+PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(substring), PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(substring),
+start, end
+);
+Py_DECREF(substring);
+if (result < 0) {
+PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "substring not found");
+return NULL;
+}
+return PyInt_FromSsize_t(result);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(islower__doc__,
+"S.islower() -> bool\n\
+\n\
+Return True if all cased characters in S are lowercase and there is\n\
+at least one cased character in S, False otherwise.");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_islower(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+register const Py_UNICODE *p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(self);
+register const Py_UNICODE *e;
+int cased;
+/* Shortcut for single character strings */
+if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self) == 1)
+	return PyBool_FromLong(Py_UNICODE_ISLOWER(*p));
+/* Special case for empty strings */
+if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self) == 0)
+	return PyBool_FromLong(0);
+e = p + PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self);
+cased = 0;
+for (; p < e; p++) {
+	register const Py_UNICODE ch = *p;
+	if (Py_UNICODE_ISUPPER(ch) || Py_UNICODE_ISTITLE(ch))
+	    return PyBool_FromLong(0);
+	else if (!cased && Py_UNICODE_ISLOWER(ch))
+	    cased = 1;
+}
+return PyBool_FromLong(cased);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(isupper__doc__,
+"S.isupper() -> bool\n\
+\n\
+Return True if all cased characters in S are uppercase and there is\n\
+at least one cased character in S, False otherwise.");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_isupper(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+register const Py_UNICODE *p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(self);
+register const Py_UNICODE *e;
+int cased;
+/* Shortcut for single character strings */
+if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self) == 1)
+	return PyBool_FromLong(Py_UNICODE_ISUPPER(*p) != 0);
+/* Special case for empty strings */
+if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self) == 0)
+	return PyBool_FromLong(0);
+e = p + PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self);
+cased = 0;
+for (; p < e; p++) {
+	register const Py_UNICODE ch = *p;
+	if (Py_UNICODE_ISLOWER(ch) || Py_UNICODE_ISTITLE(ch))
+	    return PyBool_FromLong(0);
+	else if (!cased && Py_UNICODE_ISUPPER(ch))
+	    cased = 1;
+}
+return PyBool_FromLong(cased);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(istitle__doc__,
+"S.istitle() -> bool\n\
+\n\
+Return True if S is a titlecased string and there is at least one\n\
+character in S, i.e. upper- and titlecase characters may only\n\
+follow uncased characters and lowercase characters only cased ones.\n\
+Return False otherwise.");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_istitle(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+register const Py_UNICODE *p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(self);
+register const Py_UNICODE *e;
+int cased, previous_is_cased;
+/* Shortcut for single character strings */
+if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self) == 1)
+	return PyBool_FromLong((Py_UNICODE_ISTITLE(*p) != 0) ||
+			       (Py_UNICODE_ISUPPER(*p) != 0));
+/* Special case for empty strings */
+if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self) == 0)
+	return PyBool_FromLong(0);
+e = p + PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self);
+cased = 0;
+previous_is_cased = 0;
+for (; p < e; p++) {
+	register const Py_UNICODE ch = *p;
+	if (Py_UNICODE_ISUPPER(ch) || Py_UNICODE_ISTITLE(ch)) {
+	    if (previous_is_cased)
+		return PyBool_FromLong(0);
+	    previous_is_cased = 1;
+	    cased = 1;
+	}
+	else if (Py_UNICODE_ISLOWER(ch)) {
+	    if (!previous_is_cased)
+		return PyBool_FromLong(0);
+	    previous_is_cased = 1;
+	    cased = 1;
+	}
+	else
+	    previous_is_cased = 0;
+}
+return PyBool_FromLong(cased);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(isspace__doc__,
+"S.isspace() -> bool\n\
+\n\
+Return True if all characters in S are whitespace\n\
+and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_isspace(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+register const Py_UNICODE *p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(self);
+register const Py_UNICODE *e;
+/* Shortcut for single character strings */
+if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self) == 1 &&
+	Py_UNICODE_ISSPACE(*p))
+	return PyBool_FromLong(1);
+/* Special case for empty strings */
+if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self) == 0)
+	return PyBool_FromLong(0);
+e = p + PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self);
+for (; p < e; p++) {
+	if (!Py_UNICODE_ISSPACE(*p))
+	    return PyBool_FromLong(0);
+}
+return PyBool_FromLong(1);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(isalpha__doc__,
+"S.isalpha() -> bool\n\
+\n\
+Return True if all characters in S are alphabetic\n\
+and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_isalpha(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+register const Py_UNICODE *p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(self);
+register const Py_UNICODE *e;
+/* Shortcut for single character strings */
+if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self) == 1 &&
+	Py_UNICODE_ISALPHA(*p))
+	return PyBool_FromLong(1);
+/* Special case for empty strings */
+if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self) == 0)
+	return PyBool_FromLong(0);
+e = p + PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self);
+for (; p < e; p++) {
+	if (!Py_UNICODE_ISALPHA(*p))
+	    return PyBool_FromLong(0);
+}
+return PyBool_FromLong(1);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(isalnum__doc__,
+"S.isalnum() -> bool\n\
+\n\
+Return True if all characters in S are alphanumeric\n\
+and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_isalnum(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+register const Py_UNICODE *p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(self);
+register const Py_UNICODE *e;
+/* Shortcut for single character strings */
+if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self) == 1 &&
+	Py_UNICODE_ISALNUM(*p))
+	return PyBool_FromLong(1);
+/* Special case for empty strings */
+if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self) == 0)
+	return PyBool_FromLong(0);
+e = p + PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self);
+for (; p < e; p++) {
+	if (!Py_UNICODE_ISALNUM(*p))
+	    return PyBool_FromLong(0);
+}
+return PyBool_FromLong(1);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(isdecimal__doc__,
+"S.isdecimal() -> bool\n\
+\n\
+Return True if there are only decimal characters in S,\n\
+False otherwise.");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_isdecimal(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+register const Py_UNICODE *p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(self);
+register const Py_UNICODE *e;
+/* Shortcut for single character strings */
+if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self) == 1 &&
+	Py_UNICODE_ISDECIMAL(*p))
+	return PyBool_FromLong(1);
+/* Special case for empty strings */
+if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self) == 0)
+	return PyBool_FromLong(0);
+e = p + PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self);
+for (; p < e; p++) {
+	if (!Py_UNICODE_ISDECIMAL(*p))
+	    return PyBool_FromLong(0);
+}
+return PyBool_FromLong(1);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(isdigit__doc__,
+"S.isdigit() -> bool\n\
+\n\
+Return True if all characters in S are digits\n\
+and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_isdigit(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+register const Py_UNICODE *p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(self);
+register const Py_UNICODE *e;
+/* Shortcut for single character strings */
+if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self) == 1 &&
+	Py_UNICODE_ISDIGIT(*p))
+	return PyBool_FromLong(1);
+/* Special case for empty strings */
+if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self) == 0)
+	return PyBool_FromLong(0);
+e = p + PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self);
+for (; p < e; p++) {
+	if (!Py_UNICODE_ISDIGIT(*p))
+	    return PyBool_FromLong(0);
+}
+return PyBool_FromLong(1);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(isnumeric__doc__,
+"S.isnumeric() -> bool\n\
+\n\
+Return True if there are only numeric characters in S,\n\
+False otherwise.");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_isnumeric(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+register const Py_UNICODE *p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(self);
+register const Py_UNICODE *e;
+/* Shortcut for single character strings */
+if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self) == 1 &&
+	Py_UNICODE_ISNUMERIC(*p))
+	return PyBool_FromLong(1);
+/* Special case for empty strings */
+if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self) == 0)
+	return PyBool_FromLong(0);
+e = p + PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self);
+for (; p < e; p++) {
+	if (!Py_UNICODE_ISNUMERIC(*p))
+	    return PyBool_FromLong(0);
+}
+return PyBool_FromLong(1);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(join__doc__,
+"S.join(sequence) -> unicode\n\
+\n\
+Return a string which is the concatenation of the strings in the\n\
+sequence.  The separator between elements is S.");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_join(PyObject *self, PyObject *data)
+{
+return PyUnicode_Join(self, data);
+}
+static Py_ssize_t
+unicode_length(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+return self->length;
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(ljust__doc__,
+"S.ljust(width[, fillchar]) -> int\n\
+\n\
+Return S left-justified in a Unicode string of length width. Padding is\n\
+done using the specified fill character (default is a space).");
+static PyObject *
+unicode_ljust(PyUnicodeObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+Py_ssize_t width;
+Py_UNICODE fillchar = ' ';
+if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "n|O&:ljust", &width, convert_uc, &fillchar))
+return NULL;
+if (self->length >= width && PyUnicode_CheckExact(self)) {
+Py_INCREF(self);
+return (PyObject*) self;
+}
+return (PyObject*) pad(self, 0, width - self->length, fillchar);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(lower__doc__,
+"S.lower() -> unicode\n\
+\n\
+Return a copy of the string S converted to lowercase.");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_lower(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+return fixup(self, fixlower);
+}
+#define LEFTSTRIP 0
+#define RIGHTSTRIP 1
+#define BOTHSTRIP 2
+/* Arrays indexed by above */
+static const char *stripformat[] = {"|O:lstrip", "|O:rstrip", "|O:strip"};
+#define STRIPNAME(i) (stripformat[i]+3)
+/* externally visible for str.strip(unicode) */
+PyObject *
+_PyUnicode_XStrip(PyUnicodeObject *self, int striptype, PyObject *sepobj)
+{
+	Py_UNICODE *s = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(self);
+	Py_ssize_t len = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self);
+	Py_UNICODE *sep = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(sepobj);
+	Py_ssize_t seplen = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(sepobj);
+	Py_ssize_t i, j;
+BLOOM_MASK sepmask = make_bloom_mask(sep, seplen);
+	i = 0;
+	if (striptype != RIGHTSTRIP) {
+while (i < len && BLOOM_MEMBER(sepmask, s[i], sep, seplen)) {
+i++;
+}
+	}
+	j = len;
+	if (striptype != LEFTSTRIP) {
+do {
+j--;
+} while (j >= i && BLOOM_MEMBER(sepmask, s[j], sep, seplen));
+j++;
+	}
+	if (i == 0 && j == len && PyUnicode_CheckExact(self)) {
+Py_INCREF(self);
+return (PyObject*)self;
+	}
+	else
+return PyUnicode_FromUnicode(s+i, j-i);
+}
+static PyObject *
+do_strip(PyUnicodeObject *self, int striptype)
+{
+	Py_UNICODE *s = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(self);
+	Py_ssize_t len = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self), i, j;
+	i = 0;
+	if (striptype != RIGHTSTRIP) {
+		while (i < len && Py_UNICODE_ISSPACE(s[i])) {
+			i++;
+		}
+	}
+	j = len;
+	if (striptype != LEFTSTRIP) {
+		do {
+			j--;
+		} while (j >= i && Py_UNICODE_ISSPACE(s[j]));
+		j++;
+	}
+	if (i == 0 && j == len && PyUnicode_CheckExact(self)) {
+		Py_INCREF(self);
+		return (PyObject*)self;
+	}
+	else
+		return PyUnicode_FromUnicode(s+i, j-i);
+}
+static PyObject *
+do_argstrip(PyUnicodeObject *self, int striptype, PyObject *args)
+{
+	PyObject *sep = NULL;
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, (char *)stripformat[striptype], &sep))
+		return NULL;
+	if (sep != NULL && sep != Py_None) {
+		if (PyUnicode_Check(sep))
+			return _PyUnicode_XStrip(self, striptype, sep);
+		else if (PyString_Check(sep)) {
+			PyObject *res;
+			sep = PyUnicode_FromObject(sep);
+			if (sep==NULL)
+				return NULL;
+			res = _PyUnicode_XStrip(self, striptype, sep);
+			Py_DECREF(sep);
+			return res;
+		}
+		else {
+			PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+				     "%s arg must be None, unicode or str",
+				     STRIPNAME(striptype));
+			return NULL;
+		}
+	}
+	return do_strip(self, striptype);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(strip__doc__,
+"S.strip([chars]) -> unicode\n\
+\n\
+Return a copy of the string S with leading and trailing\n\
+whitespace removed.\n\
+If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.\n\
+If chars is a str, it will be converted to unicode before stripping");
+static PyObject *
+unicode_strip(PyUnicodeObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+	if (PyTuple_GET_SIZE(args) == 0)
+		return do_strip(self, BOTHSTRIP); /* Common case */
+	else
+		return do_argstrip(self, BOTHSTRIP, args);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(lstrip__doc__,
+"S.lstrip([chars]) -> unicode\n\
+\n\
+Return a copy of the string S with leading whitespace removed.\n\
+If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.\n\
+If chars is a str, it will be converted to unicode before stripping");
+static PyObject *
+unicode_lstrip(PyUnicodeObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+	if (PyTuple_GET_SIZE(args) == 0)
+		return do_strip(self, LEFTSTRIP); /* Common case */
+	else
+		return do_argstrip(self, LEFTSTRIP, args);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(rstrip__doc__,
+"S.rstrip([chars]) -> unicode\n\
+\n\
+Return a copy of the string S with trailing whitespace removed.\n\
+If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.\n\
+If chars is a str, it will be converted to unicode before stripping");
+static PyObject *
+unicode_rstrip(PyUnicodeObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+	if (PyTuple_GET_SIZE(args) == 0)
+		return do_strip(self, RIGHTSTRIP); /* Common case */
+	else
+		return do_argstrip(self, RIGHTSTRIP, args);
+}
+static PyObject*
+unicode_repeat(PyUnicodeObject *str, Py_ssize_t len)
+{
+PyUnicodeObject *u;
+Py_UNICODE *p;
+Py_ssize_t nchars;
+size_t nbytes;
+if (len < 0)
+len = 0;
+if (len == 1 && PyUnicode_CheckExact(str)) {
+/* no repeat, return original string */
+Py_INCREF(str);
+return (PyObject*) str;
+}
+/* ensure # of chars needed doesn't overflow int and # of bytes
+* needed doesn't overflow size_t
+*/
+nchars = len * str->length;
+if (len && nchars / len != str->length) {
+PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+"repeated string is too long");
+return NULL;
+}
+nbytes = (nchars + 1) * sizeof(Py_UNICODE);
+if (nbytes / sizeof(Py_UNICODE) != (size_t)(nchars + 1)) {
+PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+"repeated string is too long");
+return NULL;
+}
+u = _PyUnicode_New(nchars);
+if (!u)
+return NULL;
+p = u->str;
+if (str->length == 1 && len > 0) {
+Py_UNICODE_FILL(p, str->str[0], len);
+} else {
+	Py_ssize_t done = 0; /* number of characters copied this far */
+	if (done < nchars) {
+Py_UNICODE_COPY(p, str->str, str->length);
+done = str->length;
+	}
+	while (done < nchars) {
+Py_ssize_t n = (done <= nchars-done) ? done : nchars-done;
+Py_UNICODE_COPY(p+done, p, n);
+done += n;
+	}
+}
+return (PyObject*) u;
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_Replace(PyObject *obj,
+			    PyObject *subobj,
+			    PyObject *replobj,
+			    Py_ssize_t maxcount)
+{
+PyObject *self;
+PyObject *str1;
+PyObject *str2;
+PyObject *result;
+self = PyUnicode_FromObject(obj);
+if (self == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+str1 = PyUnicode_FromObject(subobj);
+if (str1 == NULL) {
+	Py_DECREF(self);
+	return NULL;
+}
+str2 = PyUnicode_FromObject(replobj);
+if (str2 == NULL) {
+	Py_DECREF(self);
+	Py_DECREF(str1);
+	return NULL;
+}
+result = replace((PyUnicodeObject *)self,
+		     (PyUnicodeObject *)str1,
+		     (PyUnicodeObject *)str2,
+		     maxcount);
+Py_DECREF(self);
+Py_DECREF(str1);
+Py_DECREF(str2);
+return result;
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(replace__doc__,
+"S.replace (old, new[, count]) -> unicode\n\
+\n\
+Return a copy of S with all occurrences of substring\n\
+old replaced by new.  If the optional argument count is\n\
+given, only the first count occurrences are replaced.");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_replace(PyUnicodeObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+PyUnicodeObject *str1;
+PyUnicodeObject *str2;
+Py_ssize_t maxcount = -1;
+PyObject *result;
+if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "OO|n:replace", &str1, &str2, &maxcount))
+return NULL;
+str1 = (PyUnicodeObject *)PyUnicode_FromObject((PyObject *)str1);
+if (str1 == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+str2 = (PyUnicodeObject *)PyUnicode_FromObject((PyObject *)str2);
+if (str2 == NULL) {
+	Py_DECREF(str1);
+	return NULL;
+}
+result = replace(self, str1, str2, maxcount);
+Py_DECREF(str1);
+Py_DECREF(str2);
+return result;
+}
+static
+PyObject *unicode_repr(PyObject *unicode)
+{
+return unicodeescape_string(PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(unicode),
+				PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(unicode),
+				1);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(rfind__doc__,
+"S.rfind(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int\n\
+\n\
+Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found,\n\
+such that sub is contained within s[start:end].  Optional\n\
+arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.\n\
+\n\
+Return -1 on failure.");
+static PyObject *
+unicode_rfind(PyUnicodeObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+PyObject *substring;
+Py_ssize_t start;
+Py_ssize_t end;
+Py_ssize_t result;
+if (!_ParseTupleFinds(args, &substring, &start, &end))
+	    return NULL;
+result = stringlib_rfind_slice(
+PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(self), PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self),
+PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(substring), PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(substring),
+start, end
+);
+Py_DECREF(substring);
+return PyInt_FromSsize_t(result);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(rindex__doc__,
+"S.rindex(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int\n\
+\n\
+Like S.rfind() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found.");
+static PyObject *
+unicode_rindex(PyUnicodeObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+PyObject *substring;
+Py_ssize_t start;
+Py_ssize_t end;
+Py_ssize_t result;
+if (!_ParseTupleFinds(args, &substring, &start, &end))
+	    return NULL;
+result = stringlib_rfind_slice(
+PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(self), PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self),
+PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(substring), PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(substring),
+start, end
+);
+Py_DECREF(substring);
+if (result < 0) {
+PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "substring not found");
+return NULL;
+}
+return PyInt_FromSsize_t(result);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(rjust__doc__,
+"S.rjust(width[, fillchar]) -> unicode\n\
+\n\
+Return S right-justified in a Unicode string of length width. Padding is\n\
+done using the specified fill character (default is a space).");
+static PyObject *
+unicode_rjust(PyUnicodeObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+Py_ssize_t width;
+Py_UNICODE fillchar = ' ';
+if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "n|O&:rjust", &width, convert_uc, &fillchar))
+return NULL;
+if (self->length >= width && PyUnicode_CheckExact(self)) {
+Py_INCREF(self);
+return (PyObject*) self;
+}
+return (PyObject*) pad(self, width - self->length, 0, fillchar);
+}
+static PyObject*
+unicode_slice(PyUnicodeObject *self, Py_ssize_t start, Py_ssize_t end)
+{
+/* standard clamping */
+if (start < 0)
+start = 0;
+if (end < 0)
+end = 0;
+if (end > self->length)
+end = self->length;
+if (start == 0 && end == self->length && PyUnicode_CheckExact(self)) {
+/* full slice, return original string */
+Py_INCREF(self);
+return (PyObject*) self;
+}
+if (start > end)
+start = end;
+/* copy slice */
+return (PyObject*) PyUnicode_FromUnicode(self->str + start,
+					     end - start);
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_Split(PyObject *s,
+			  PyObject *sep,
+			  Py_ssize_t maxsplit)
+{
+PyObject *result;
+s = PyUnicode_FromObject(s);
+if (s == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+if (sep != NULL) {
+	sep = PyUnicode_FromObject(sep);
+	if (sep == NULL) {
+	    Py_DECREF(s);
+	    return NULL;
+	}
+}
+result = split((PyUnicodeObject *)s, (PyUnicodeObject *)sep, maxsplit);
+Py_DECREF(s);
+Py_XDECREF(sep);
+return result;
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(split__doc__,
+"S.split([sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings\n\
+\n\
+Return a list of the words in S, using sep as the\n\
+delimiter string.  If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit\n\
+splits are done. If sep is not specified or is None, any\n\
+whitespace string is a separator and empty strings are\n\
+removed from the result.");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_split(PyUnicodeObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+PyObject *substring = Py_None;
+Py_ssize_t maxcount = -1;
+if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "|On:split", &substring, &maxcount))
+return NULL;
+if (substring == Py_None)
+	return split(self, NULL, maxcount);
+else if (PyUnicode_Check(substring))
+	return split(self, (PyUnicodeObject *)substring, maxcount);
+else
+	return PyUnicode_Split((PyObject *)self, substring, maxcount);
+}
+PyObject *
+PyUnicode_Partition(PyObject *str_in, PyObject *sep_in)
+{
+PyObject* str_obj;
+PyObject* sep_obj;
+PyObject* out;
+str_obj = PyUnicode_FromObject(str_in);
+if (!str_obj)
+	return NULL;
+sep_obj = PyUnicode_FromObject(sep_in);
+if (!sep_obj) {
+Py_DECREF(str_obj);
+return NULL;
+}
+out = stringlib_partition(
+str_obj, PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(str_obj), PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(str_obj),
+sep_obj, PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(sep_obj), PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(sep_obj)
+);
+Py_DECREF(sep_obj);
+Py_DECREF(str_obj);
+return out;
+}
+PyObject *
+PyUnicode_RPartition(PyObject *str_in, PyObject *sep_in)
+{
+PyObject* str_obj;
+PyObject* sep_obj;
+PyObject* out;
+str_obj = PyUnicode_FromObject(str_in);
+if (!str_obj)
+	return NULL;
+sep_obj = PyUnicode_FromObject(sep_in);
+if (!sep_obj) {
+Py_DECREF(str_obj);
+return NULL;
+}
+out = stringlib_rpartition(
+str_obj, PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(str_obj), PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(str_obj),
+sep_obj, PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(sep_obj), PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(sep_obj)
+);
+Py_DECREF(sep_obj);
+Py_DECREF(str_obj);
+return out;
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(partition__doc__,
+"S.partition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)\n\
+\n\
+Search for the separator sep in S, and return the part before it,\n\
+the separator itself, and the part after it.  If the separator is not\n\
+found, return S and two empty strings.");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_partition(PyUnicodeObject *self, PyObject *separator)
+{
+return PyUnicode_Partition((PyObject *)self, separator);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(rpartition__doc__,
+"S.rpartition(sep) -> (tail, sep, head)\n\
+\n\
+Search for the separator sep in S, starting at the end of S, and return\n\
+the part before it, the separator itself, and the part after it.  If the\n\
+separator is not found, return two empty strings and S.");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_rpartition(PyUnicodeObject *self, PyObject *separator)
+{
+return PyUnicode_RPartition((PyObject *)self, separator);
+}
+PyObject *PyUnicode_RSplit(PyObject *s,
+			   PyObject *sep,
+			   Py_ssize_t maxsplit)
+{
+PyObject *result;
+s = PyUnicode_FromObject(s);
+if (s == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+if (sep != NULL) {
+	sep = PyUnicode_FromObject(sep);
+	if (sep == NULL) {
+	    Py_DECREF(s);
+	    return NULL;
+	}
+}
+result = rsplit((PyUnicodeObject *)s, (PyUnicodeObject *)sep, maxsplit);
+Py_DECREF(s);
+Py_XDECREF(sep);
+return result;
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(rsplit__doc__,
+"S.rsplit([sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings\n\
+\n\
+Return a list of the words in S, using sep as the\n\
+delimiter string, starting at the end of the string and\n\
+working to the front.  If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit\n\
+splits are done. If sep is not specified, any whitespace string\n\
+is a separator.");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_rsplit(PyUnicodeObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+PyObject *substring = Py_None;
+Py_ssize_t maxcount = -1;
+if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "|On:rsplit", &substring, &maxcount))
+return NULL;
+if (substring == Py_None)
+	return rsplit(self, NULL, maxcount);
+else if (PyUnicode_Check(substring))
+	return rsplit(self, (PyUnicodeObject *)substring, maxcount);
+else
+	return PyUnicode_RSplit((PyObject *)self, substring, maxcount);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(splitlines__doc__,
+"S.splitlines([keepends]]) -> list of strings\n\
+\n\
+Return a list of the lines in S, breaking at line boundaries.\n\
+Line breaks are not included in the resulting list unless keepends\n\
+is given and true.");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_splitlines(PyUnicodeObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+int keepends = 0;
+if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "|i:splitlines", &keepends))
+return NULL;
+return PyUnicode_Splitlines((PyObject *)self, keepends);
+}
+static
+PyObject *unicode_str(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+return PyUnicode_AsEncodedString((PyObject *)self, NULL, NULL);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(swapcase__doc__,
+"S.swapcase() -> unicode\n\
+\n\
+Return a copy of S with uppercase characters converted to lowercase\n\
+and vice versa.");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_swapcase(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+return fixup(self, fixswapcase);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(translate__doc__,
+"S.translate(table) -> unicode\n\
+\n\
+Return a copy of the string S, where all characters have been mapped\n\
+through the given translation table, which must be a mapping of\n\
+Unicode ordinals to Unicode ordinals, Unicode strings or None.\n\
+Unmapped characters are left untouched. Characters mapped to None\n\
+are deleted.");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_translate(PyUnicodeObject *self, PyObject *table)
+{
+return PyUnicode_TranslateCharmap(self->str,
+				      self->length,
+				      table,
+				      "ignore");
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(upper__doc__,
+"S.upper() -> unicode\n\
+\n\
+Return a copy of S converted to uppercase.");
+static PyObject*
+unicode_upper(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+return fixup(self, fixupper);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(zfill__doc__,
+"S.zfill(width) -> unicode\n\
+\n\
+Pad a numeric string S with zeros on the left, to fill a field\n\
+of the specified width. The string S is never truncated.");
+static PyObject *
+unicode_zfill(PyUnicodeObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+Py_ssize_t fill;
+PyUnicodeObject *u;
+Py_ssize_t width;
+if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "n:zfill", &width))
+return NULL;
+if (self->length >= width) {
+if (PyUnicode_CheckExact(self)) {
+Py_INCREF(self);
+return (PyObject*) self;
+}
+else
+return PyUnicode_FromUnicode(
+PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(self),
+PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self)
+);
+}
+fill = width - self->length;
+u = pad(self, fill, 0, '0');
+if (u == NULL)
+return NULL;
+if (u->str[fill] == '+' || u->str[fill] == '-') {
+/* move sign to beginning of string */
+u->str[0] = u->str[fill];
+u->str[fill] = '0';
+}
+return (PyObject*) u;
+}
+#if 0
+static PyObject*
+free_listsize(PyUnicodeObject *self)
+{
+return PyInt_FromLong(numfree);
+}
+#endif
+PyDoc_STRVAR(startswith__doc__,
+"S.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]]) -> bool\n\
+\n\
+Return True if S starts with the specified prefix, False otherwise.\n\
+With optional start, test S beginning at that position.\n\
+With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.\n\
+prefix can also be a tuple of strings to try.");
+static PyObject *
+unicode_startswith(PyUnicodeObject *self,
+		   PyObject *args)
+{
+PyObject *subobj;
+PyUnicodeObject *substring;
+Py_ssize_t start = 0;
+Py_ssize_t end = PY_SSIZE_T_MAX;
+int result;
+if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O|O&O&:startswith", &subobj,
+		_PyEval_SliceIndex, &start, _PyEval_SliceIndex, &end))
+	return NULL;
+if (PyTuple_Check(subobj)) {
+Py_ssize_t i;
+for (i = 0; i < PyTuple_GET_SIZE(subobj); i++) {
+substring = (PyUnicodeObject *)PyUnicode_FromObject(
+PyTuple_GET_ITEM(subobj, i));
+if (substring == NULL)
+return NULL;
+result = tailmatch(self, substring, start, end, -1);
+Py_DECREF(substring);
+if (result) {
+Py_RETURN_TRUE;
+}
+}
+/* nothing matched */
+Py_RETURN_FALSE;
+}
+substring = (PyUnicodeObject *)PyUnicode_FromObject(subobj);
+if (substring == NULL)
+return NULL;
+result = tailmatch(self, substring, start, end, -1);
+Py_DECREF(substring);
+return PyBool_FromLong(result);
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(endswith__doc__,
+"S.endswith(suffix[, start[, end]]) -> bool\n\
+\n\
+Return True if S ends with the specified suffix, False otherwise.\n\
+With optional start, test S beginning at that position.\n\
+With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.\n\
+suffix can also be a tuple of strings to try.");
+static PyObject *
+unicode_endswith(PyUnicodeObject *self,
+		 PyObject *args)
+{
+PyObject *subobj;
+PyUnicodeObject *substring;
+Py_ssize_t start = 0;
+Py_ssize_t end = PY_SSIZE_T_MAX;
+int result;
+if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O|O&O&:endswith", &subobj,
+_PyEval_SliceIndex, &start, _PyEval_SliceIndex, &end))
+	return NULL;
+if (PyTuple_Check(subobj)) {
+Py_ssize_t i;
+for (i = 0; i < PyTuple_GET_SIZE(subobj); i++) {
+substring = (PyUnicodeObject *)PyUnicode_FromObject(
+PyTuple_GET_ITEM(subobj, i));
+if (substring == NULL)
+return NULL;
+result = tailmatch(self, substring, start, end, +1);
+Py_DECREF(substring);
+if (result) {
+Py_RETURN_TRUE;
+}
+}
+Py_RETURN_FALSE;
+}
+substring = (PyUnicodeObject *)PyUnicode_FromObject(subobj);
+if (substring == NULL)
+return NULL;
+result = tailmatch(self, substring, start, end, +1);
+Py_DECREF(substring);
+return PyBool_FromLong(result);
+}
+/* Implements do_string_format, which is unicode because of stringlib */
+#include "stringlib/string_format.h"
+PyDoc_STRVAR(format__doc__,
+"S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> unicode\n\
+\n\
+");
+static PyObject *
+unicode__format__(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+PyObject *format_spec;
+PyObject *result = NULL;
+PyObject *tmp = NULL;
+/* If 2.x, convert format_spec to the same type as value */
+/* This is to allow things like u''.format('') */
+if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O:__format__", &format_spec))
+goto done;
+if (!(PyBytes_Check(format_spec) || PyUnicode_Check(format_spec))) {
+PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "__format__ arg must be str "
+		     "or unicode, not %s", Py_TYPE(format_spec)->tp_name);
+goto done;
+}
+tmp = PyObject_Unicode(format_spec);
+if (tmp == NULL)
+goto done;
+format_spec = tmp;
+result = _PyUnicode_FormatAdvanced(self,
+PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(format_spec),
+PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(format_spec));
+done:
+Py_XDECREF(tmp);
+return result;
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(p_format__doc__,
+"S.__format__(format_spec) -> unicode\n\
+\n\
+");
+static PyObject *
+unicode__sizeof__(PyUnicodeObject *v)
+{
+return PyInt_FromSsize_t(sizeof(PyUnicodeObject) +
+sizeof(Py_UNICODE) * (v->length + 1));
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(sizeof__doc__,
+"S.__sizeof__() -> size of S in memory, in bytes\n\
+\n\
+");
+static PyObject *
+unicode_getnewargs(PyUnicodeObject *v)
+{
+	return Py_BuildValue("(u#)", v->str, v->length);
+}
+static PyMethodDef unicode_methods[] = {
+/* Order is according to common usage: often used methods should
+appear first, since lookup is done sequentially. */
+{"encode", (PyCFunction) unicode_encode, METH_VARARGS, encode__doc__},
+{"replace", (PyCFunction) unicode_replace, METH_VARARGS, replace__doc__},
+{"split", (PyCFunction) unicode_split, METH_VARARGS, split__doc__},
+{"rsplit", (PyCFunction) unicode_rsplit, METH_VARARGS, rsplit__doc__},
+{"join", (PyCFunction) unicode_join, METH_O, join__doc__},
+{"capitalize", (PyCFunction) unicode_capitalize, METH_NOARGS, capitalize__doc__},
+{"title", (PyCFunction) unicode_title, METH_NOARGS, title__doc__},
+{"center", (PyCFunction) unicode_center, METH_VARARGS, center__doc__},
+{"count", (PyCFunction) unicode_count, METH_VARARGS, count__doc__},
+{"expandtabs", (PyCFunction) unicode_expandtabs, METH_VARARGS, expandtabs__doc__},
+{"find", (PyCFunction) unicode_find, METH_VARARGS, find__doc__},
+{"partition", (PyCFunction) unicode_partition, METH_O, partition__doc__},
+{"index", (PyCFunction) unicode_index, METH_VARARGS, index__doc__},
+{"ljust", (PyCFunction) unicode_ljust, METH_VARARGS, ljust__doc__},
+{"lower", (PyCFunction) unicode_lower, METH_NOARGS, lower__doc__},
+{"lstrip", (PyCFunction) unicode_lstrip, METH_VARARGS, lstrip__doc__},
+{"decode", (PyCFunction) unicode_decode, METH_VARARGS, decode__doc__},
+/*  {"maketrans", (PyCFunction) unicode_maketrans, METH_VARARGS, maketrans__doc__}, */
+{"rfind", (PyCFunction) unicode_rfind, METH_VARARGS, rfind__doc__},
+{"rindex", (PyCFunction) unicode_rindex, METH_VARARGS, rindex__doc__},
+{"rjust", (PyCFunction) unicode_rjust, METH_VARARGS, rjust__doc__},
+{"rstrip", (PyCFunction) unicode_rstrip, METH_VARARGS, rstrip__doc__},
+{"rpartition", (PyCFunction) unicode_rpartition, METH_O, rpartition__doc__},
+{"splitlines", (PyCFunction) unicode_splitlines, METH_VARARGS, splitlines__doc__},
+{"strip", (PyCFunction) unicode_strip, METH_VARARGS, strip__doc__},
+{"swapcase", (PyCFunction) unicode_swapcase, METH_NOARGS, swapcase__doc__},
+{"translate", (PyCFunction) unicode_translate, METH_O, translate__doc__},
+{"upper", (PyCFunction) unicode_upper, METH_NOARGS, upper__doc__},
+{"startswith", (PyCFunction) unicode_startswith, METH_VARARGS, startswith__doc__},
+{"endswith", (PyCFunction) unicode_endswith, METH_VARARGS, endswith__doc__},
+{"islower", (PyCFunction) unicode_islower, METH_NOARGS, islower__doc__},
+{"isupper", (PyCFunction) unicode_isupper, METH_NOARGS, isupper__doc__},
+{"istitle", (PyCFunction) unicode_istitle, METH_NOARGS, istitle__doc__},
+{"isspace", (PyCFunction) unicode_isspace, METH_NOARGS, isspace__doc__},
+{"isdecimal", (PyCFunction) unicode_isdecimal, METH_NOARGS, isdecimal__doc__},
+{"isdigit", (PyCFunction) unicode_isdigit, METH_NOARGS, isdigit__doc__},
+{"isnumeric", (PyCFunction) unicode_isnumeric, METH_NOARGS, isnumeric__doc__},
+{"isalpha", (PyCFunction) unicode_isalpha, METH_NOARGS, isalpha__doc__},
+{"isalnum", (PyCFunction) unicode_isalnum, METH_NOARGS, isalnum__doc__},
+{"zfill", (PyCFunction) unicode_zfill, METH_VARARGS, zfill__doc__},
+{"format", (PyCFunction) do_string_format, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS, format__doc__},
+{"__format__", (PyCFunction) unicode__format__, METH_VARARGS, p_format__doc__},
+{"_formatter_field_name_split", (PyCFunction) formatter_field_name_split, METH_NOARGS},
+{"_formatter_parser", (PyCFunction) formatter_parser, METH_NOARGS},
+{"__sizeof__", (PyCFunction) unicode__sizeof__, METH_NOARGS, sizeof__doc__},
+#if 0
+{"capwords", (PyCFunction) unicode_capwords, METH_NOARGS, capwords__doc__},
+#endif
+#if 0
+/* This one is just used for debugging the implementation. */
+{"freelistsize", (PyCFunction) free_listsize, METH_NOARGS},
+#endif
+{"__getnewargs__",	(PyCFunction)unicode_getnewargs, METH_NOARGS},
+{NULL, NULL}
+};
+static PyObject *
+unicode_mod(PyObject *v, PyObject *w)
+{
+if (!PyUnicode_Check(v)) {
+Py_INCREF(Py_NotImplemented);
+return Py_NotImplemented;
+}
+return PyUnicode_Format(v, w);
+}
+static PyNumberMethods unicode_as_number = {
+	0,				/*nb_add*/
+	0,				/*nb_subtract*/
+	0,				/*nb_multiply*/
+	0,				/*nb_divide*/
+	unicode_mod,			/*nb_remainder*/
+};
+static PySequenceMethods unicode_as_sequence = {
+(lenfunc) unicode_length, 		/* sq_length */
+PyUnicode_Concat,		 	/* sq_concat */
+(ssizeargfunc) unicode_repeat, 	/* sq_repeat */
+(ssizeargfunc) unicode_getitem, 	/* sq_item */
+(ssizessizeargfunc) unicode_slice, 	/* sq_slice */
+0, 					/* sq_ass_item */
+0, 					/* sq_ass_slice */
+PyUnicode_Contains, 		/* sq_contains */
+};
+static PyObject*
+unicode_subscript(PyUnicodeObject* self, PyObject* item)
+{
+if (PyIndex_Check(item)) {
+Py_ssize_t i = PyNumber_AsSsize_t(item, PyExc_IndexError);
+if (i == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())
+return NULL;
+if (i < 0)
+i += PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self);
+return unicode_getitem(self, i);
+} else if (PySlice_Check(item)) {
+Py_ssize_t start, stop, step, slicelength, cur, i;
+Py_UNICODE* source_buf;
+Py_UNICODE* result_buf;
+PyObject* result;
+if (PySlice_GetIndicesEx((PySliceObject*)item, PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self),
+				 &start, &stop, &step, &slicelength) < 0) {
+return NULL;
+}
+if (slicelength <= 0) {
+return PyUnicode_FromUnicode(NULL, 0);
+} else if (start == 0 && step == 1 && slicelength == self->length &&
+PyUnicode_CheckExact(self)) {
+Py_INCREF(self);
+return (PyObject *)self;
+} else if (step == 1) {
+return PyUnicode_FromUnicode(self->str + start, slicelength);
+} else {
+source_buf = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE((PyObject*)self);
+result_buf = (Py_UNICODE *)PyObject_MALLOC(slicelength*
+sizeof(Py_UNICODE));
+	    if (result_buf == NULL)
+		    return PyErr_NoMemory();
+for (cur = start, i = 0; i < slicelength; cur += step, i++) {
+result_buf[i] = source_buf[cur];
+}
+result = PyUnicode_FromUnicode(result_buf, slicelength);
+PyObject_FREE(result_buf);
+return result;
+}
+} else {
+PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "string indices must be integers");
+return NULL;
+}
+}
+static PyMappingMethods unicode_as_mapping = {
+(lenfunc)unicode_length,		/* mp_length */
+(binaryfunc)unicode_subscript,	/* mp_subscript */
+(objobjargproc)0,			/* mp_ass_subscript */
+};
+static Py_ssize_t
+unicode_buffer_getreadbuf(PyUnicodeObject *self,
+			  Py_ssize_t index,
+			  const void **ptr)
+{
+if (index != 0) {
+PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
+			"accessing non-existent unicode segment");
+return -1;
+}
+*ptr = (void *) self->str;
+return PyUnicode_GET_DATA_SIZE(self);
+}
+static Py_ssize_t
+unicode_buffer_getwritebuf(PyUnicodeObject *self, Py_ssize_t index,
+			   const void **ptr)
+{
+PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+		    "cannot use unicode as modifiable buffer");
+return -1;
+}
+static int
+unicode_buffer_getsegcount(PyUnicodeObject *self,
+			   Py_ssize_t *lenp)
+{
+if (lenp)
+*lenp = PyUnicode_GET_DATA_SIZE(self);
+return 1;
+}
+static Py_ssize_t
+unicode_buffer_getcharbuf(PyUnicodeObject *self,
+			  Py_ssize_t index,
+			  const void **ptr)
+{
+PyObject *str;
+if (index != 0) {
+PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
+			"accessing non-existent unicode segment");
+return -1;
+}
+str = _PyUnicode_AsDefaultEncodedString((PyObject *)self, NULL);
+if (str == NULL)
+	return -1;
+*ptr = (void *) PyString_AS_STRING(str);
+return PyString_GET_SIZE(str);
+}
+/* Helpers for PyUnicode_Format() */
+static PyObject *
+getnextarg(PyObject *args, Py_ssize_t arglen, Py_ssize_t *p_argidx)
+{
+Py_ssize_t argidx = *p_argidx;
+if (argidx < arglen) {
+	(*p_argidx)++;
+	if (arglen < 0)
+	    return args;
+	else
+	    return PyTuple_GetItem(args, argidx);
+}
+PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+		    "not enough arguments for format string");
+return NULL;
+}
+#define F_LJUST (1<<0)
+#define F_SIGN	(1<<1)
+#define F_BLANK (1<<2)
+#define F_ALT	(1<<3)
+#define F_ZERO	(1<<4)
+static Py_ssize_t
+strtounicode(Py_UNICODE *buffer, const char *charbuffer)
+{
+register Py_ssize_t i;
+Py_ssize_t len = strlen(charbuffer);
+for (i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--)
+	buffer[i] = (Py_UNICODE) charbuffer[i];
+return len;
+}
+static int
+doubletounicode(Py_UNICODE *buffer, size_t len, const char *format, double x)
+{
+Py_ssize_t result;
+PyOS_ascii_formatd((char *)buffer, len, format, x);
+result = strtounicode(buffer, (char *)buffer);
+return Py_SAFE_DOWNCAST(result, Py_ssize_t, int);
+}
+static int
+longtounicode(Py_UNICODE *buffer, size_t len, const char *format, long x)
+{
+Py_ssize_t result;
+PyOS_snprintf((char *)buffer, len, format, x);
+result = strtounicode(buffer, (char *)buffer);
+return Py_SAFE_DOWNCAST(result, Py_ssize_t, int);
+}
+/* XXX To save some code duplication, formatfloat/long/int could have been
+shared with stringobject.c, converting from 8-bit to Unicode after the
+formatting is done. */
+static int
+formatfloat(Py_UNICODE *buf,
+	    size_t buflen,
+	    int flags,
+	    int prec,
+	    int type,
+	    PyObject *v)
+{
+/* fmt = '%#.' + `prec` + `type`
+worst case length = 3 + 10 (len of INT_MAX) + 1 = 14 (use 20)*/
+char fmt[20];
+double x;
+x = PyFloat_AsDouble(v);
+if (x == -1.0 && PyErr_Occurred())
+	return -1;
+if (prec < 0)
+	prec = 6;
+if (type == 'f' && (fabs(x) / 1e25) >= 1e25)
+	type = 'g';
+/* Worst case length calc to ensure no buffer overrun:
+'g' formats:
+	 fmt = %#.<prec>g
+	 buf = '-' + [0-9]*prec + '.' + 'e+' + (longest exp
+	    for any double rep.)
+	 len = 1 + prec + 1 + 2 + 5 = 9 + prec
+'f' formats:
+	 buf = '-' + [0-9]*x + '.' + [0-9]*prec (with x < 50)
+	 len = 1 + 50 + 1 + prec = 52 + prec
+If prec=0 the effective precision is 1 (the leading digit is
+always given), therefore increase the length by one.
+*/
+if (((type == 'g' || type == 'G') &&
+buflen <= (size_t)10 + (size_t)prec) ||
+	(type == 'f' && buflen <= (size_t)53 + (size_t)prec)) {
+	PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+			"formatted float is too long (precision too large?)");
+	return -1;
+}
+PyOS_snprintf(fmt, sizeof(fmt), "%%%s.%d%c",
+		  (flags&F_ALT) ? "#" : "",
+		  prec, type);
+return doubletounicode(buf, buflen, fmt, x);
+}
+static PyObject*
+formatlong(PyObject *val, int flags, int prec, int type)
+{
+	char *buf;
+	int i, len;
+	PyObject *str; /* temporary string object. */
+	PyUnicodeObject *result;
+	str = _PyString_FormatLong(val, flags, prec, type, &buf, &len);
+	if (!str)
+		return NULL;
+	result = _PyUnicode_New(len);
+	if (!result) {
+		Py_DECREF(str);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
+		result->str[i] = buf[i];
+	result->str[len] = 0;
+	Py_DECREF(str);
+	return (PyObject*)result;
+}
+static int
+formatint(Py_UNICODE *buf,
+	  size_t buflen,
+	  int flags,
+	  int prec,
+	  int type,
+	  PyObject *v)
+{
+/* fmt = '%#.' + `prec` + 'l' + `type`
+* worst case length = 3 + 19 (worst len of INT_MAX on 64-bit machine)
+*                     + 1 + 1
+*                   = 24
+*/
+char fmt[64]; /* plenty big enough! */
+char *sign;
+long x;
+x = PyInt_AsLong(v);
+if (x == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())
+return -1;
+if (x < 0 && type == 'u') {
+type = 'd';
+}
+if (x < 0 && (type == 'x' || type == 'X' || type == 'o'))
+sign = "-";
+else
+sign = "";
+if (prec < 0)
+prec = 1;
+/* buf = '+'/'-'/'' + '0'/'0x'/'' + '[0-9]'*max(prec, len(x in octal))
+* worst case buf = '-0x' + [0-9]*prec, where prec >= 11
+*/
+if (buflen <= 14 || buflen <= (size_t)3 + (size_t)prec) {
+PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+	        "formatted integer is too long (precision too large?)");
+return -1;
+}
+if ((flags & F_ALT) &&
+(type == 'x' || type == 'X')) {
+/* When converting under %#x or %#X, there are a number
+* of issues that cause pain:
+* - when 0 is being converted, the C standard leaves off
+*   the '0x' or '0X', which is inconsistent with other
+*   %#x/%#X conversions and inconsistent with Python's
+*   hex() function
+* - there are platforms that violate the standard and
+*   convert 0 with the '0x' or '0X'
+*   (Metrowerks, Compaq Tru64)
+* - there are platforms that give '0x' when converting
+*   under %#X, but convert 0 in accordance with the
+*   standard (OS/2 EMX)
+*
+* We can achieve the desired consistency by inserting our
+* own '0x' or '0X' prefix, and substituting %x/%X in place
+* of %#x/%#X.
+*
+* Note that this is the same approach as used in
+* formatint() in stringobject.c
+*/
+PyOS_snprintf(fmt, sizeof(fmt), "%s0%c%%.%dl%c",
+sign, type, prec, type);
+}
+else {
+PyOS_snprintf(fmt, sizeof(fmt), "%s%%%s.%dl%c",
+sign, (flags&F_ALT) ? "#" : "",
+prec, type);
+}
+if (sign[0])
+return longtounicode(buf, buflen, fmt, -x);
+else
+return longtounicode(buf, buflen, fmt, x);
+}
+static int
+formatchar(Py_UNICODE *buf,
+size_t buflen,
+PyObject *v)
+{
+/* presume that the buffer is at least 2 characters long */
+if (PyUnicode_Check(v)) {
+	if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(v) != 1)
+	    goto onError;
+	buf[0] = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v)[0];
+}
+else if (PyString_Check(v)) {
+	if (PyString_GET_SIZE(v) != 1)
+	    goto onError;
+	buf[0] = (Py_UNICODE)PyString_AS_STRING(v)[0];
+}
+else {
+	/* Integer input truncated to a character */
+long x;
+	x = PyInt_AsLong(v);
+	if (x == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())
+	    goto onError;
+#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
+	if (x < 0 || x > 0x10ffff) {
+	    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+			    "%c arg not in range(0x110000) "
+			    "(wide Python build)");
+	    return -1;
+	}
+#else
+	if (x < 0 || x > 0xffff) {
+	    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+			    "%c arg not in range(0x10000) "
+			    "(narrow Python build)");
+	    return -1;
+	}
+#endif
+	buf[0] = (Py_UNICODE) x;
+}
+buf[1] = '\0';
+return 1;
+onError:
+PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+		    "%c requires int or char");
+return -1;
+}
+/* fmt%(v1,v2,...) is roughly equivalent to sprintf(fmt, v1, v2, ...)
+FORMATBUFLEN is the length of the buffer in which the floats, ints, &
+chars are formatted. XXX This is a magic number. Each formatting
+routine does bounds checking to ensure no overflow, but a better
+solution may be to malloc a buffer of appropriate size for each
+format. For now, the current solution is sufficient.
+*/
+#define FORMATBUFLEN (size_t)120
+PyObject *PyUnicode_Format(PyObject *format,
+			   PyObject *args)
+{
+Py_UNICODE *fmt, *res;
+Py_ssize_t fmtcnt, rescnt, reslen, arglen, argidx;
+int args_owned = 0;
+PyUnicodeObject *result = NULL;
+PyObject *dict = NULL;
+PyObject *uformat;
+if (format == NULL || args == NULL) {
+	PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+	return NULL;
+}
+uformat = PyUnicode_FromObject(format);
+if (uformat == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+fmt = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(uformat);
+fmtcnt = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(uformat);
+reslen = rescnt = fmtcnt + 100;
+result = _PyUnicode_New(reslen);
+if (result == NULL)
+	goto onError;
+res = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(result);
+if (PyTuple_Check(args)) {
+	arglen = PyTuple_Size(args);
+	argidx = 0;
+}
+else {
+	arglen = -1;
+	argidx = -2;
+}
+if (Py_TYPE(args)->tp_as_mapping && !PyTuple_Check(args) &&
+!PyObject_TypeCheck(args, &PyBaseString_Type))
+	dict = args;
+while (--fmtcnt >= 0) {
+	if (*fmt != '%') {
+	    if (--rescnt < 0) {
+		rescnt = fmtcnt + 100;
+		reslen += rescnt;
+		if (_PyUnicode_Resize(&result, reslen) < 0)
+		    goto onError;
+		res = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(result) + reslen - rescnt;
+		--rescnt;
+	    }
+	    *res++ = *fmt++;
+	}
+	else {
+	    /* Got a format specifier */
+	    int flags = 0;
+	    Py_ssize_t width = -1;
+	    int prec = -1;
+	    Py_UNICODE c = '\0';
+	    Py_UNICODE fill;
+	    int isnumok;
+	    PyObject *v = NULL;
+	    PyObject *temp = NULL;
+	    Py_UNICODE *pbuf;
+	    Py_UNICODE sign;
+	    Py_ssize_t len;
+	    Py_UNICODE formatbuf[FORMATBUFLEN]; /* For format{float,int,char}() */
+	    fmt++;
+	    if (*fmt == '(') {
+		Py_UNICODE *keystart;
+		Py_ssize_t keylen;
+		PyObject *key;
+		int pcount = 1;
+		if (dict == NULL) {
+		    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+				    "format requires a mapping");
+		    goto onError;
+		}
+		++fmt;
+		--fmtcnt;
+		keystart = fmt;
+		/* Skip over balanced parentheses */
+		while (pcount > 0 && --fmtcnt >= 0) {
+		    if (*fmt == ')')
+			--pcount;
+		    else if (*fmt == '(')
+			++pcount;
+		    fmt++;
+		}
+		keylen = fmt - keystart - 1;
+		if (fmtcnt < 0 || pcount > 0) {
+		    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+				    "incomplete format key");
+		    goto onError;
+		}
+#if 0
+		/* keys are converted to strings using UTF-8 and
+		   then looked up since Python uses strings to hold
+		   variables names etc. in its namespaces and we
+		   wouldn't want to break common idioms. */
+		key = PyUnicode_EncodeUTF8(keystart,
+					   keylen,
+					   NULL);
+#else
+		key = PyUnicode_FromUnicode(keystart, keylen);
+#endif
+		if (key == NULL)
+		    goto onError;
+		if (args_owned) {
+		    Py_DECREF(args);
+		    args_owned = 0;
+		}
+		args = PyObject_GetItem(dict, key);
+		Py_DECREF(key);
+		if (args == NULL) {
+		    goto onError;
+		}
+		args_owned = 1;
+		arglen = -1;
+		argidx = -2;
+	    }
+	    while (--fmtcnt >= 0) {
+		switch (c = *fmt++) {
+		case '-': flags |= F_LJUST; continue;
+		case '+': flags |= F_SIGN; continue;
+		case ' ': flags |= F_BLANK; continue;
+		case '#': flags |= F_ALT; continue;
+		case '0': flags |= F_ZERO; continue;
+		}
+		break;
+	    }
+	    if (c == '*') {
+		v = getnextarg(args, arglen, &argidx);
+		if (v == NULL)
+		    goto onError;
+		if (!PyInt_Check(v)) {
+		    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+				    "* wants int");
+		    goto onError;
+		}
+		width = PyInt_AsLong(v);
+		if (width < 0) {
+		    flags |= F_LJUST;
+		    width = -width;
+		}
+		if (--fmtcnt >= 0)
+		    c = *fmt++;
+	    }
+	    else if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
+		width = c - '0';
+		while (--fmtcnt >= 0) {
+		    c = *fmt++;
+		    if (c < '0' || c > '9')
+			break;
+		    if ((width*10) / 10 != width) {
+			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+					"width too big");
+			goto onError;
+		    }
+		    width = width*10 + (c - '0');
+		}
+	    }
+	    if (c == '.') {
+		prec = 0;
+		if (--fmtcnt >= 0)
+		    c = *fmt++;
+		if (c == '*') {
+		    v = getnextarg(args, arglen, &argidx);
+		    if (v == NULL)
+			goto onError;
+		    if (!PyInt_Check(v)) {
+			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+					"* wants int");
+			goto onError;
+		    }
+		    prec = PyInt_AsLong(v);
+		    if (prec < 0)
+			prec = 0;
+		    if (--fmtcnt >= 0)
+			c = *fmt++;
+		}
+		else if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
+		    prec = c - '0';
+		    while (--fmtcnt >= 0) {
+			c = Py_CHARMASK(*fmt++);
+			if (c < '0' || c > '9')
+			    break;
+			if ((prec*10) / 10 != prec) {
+			    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+					    "prec too big");
+			    goto onError;
+			}
+			prec = prec*10 + (c - '0');
+		    }
+		}
+	    } /* prec */
+	    if (fmtcnt >= 0) {
+		if (c == 'h' || c == 'l' || c == 'L') {
+		    if (--fmtcnt >= 0)
+			c = *fmt++;
+		}
+	    }
+	    if (fmtcnt < 0) {
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+				"incomplete format");
+		goto onError;
+	    }
+	    if (c != '%') {
+		v = getnextarg(args, arglen, &argidx);
+		if (v == NULL)
+		    goto onError;
+	    }
+	    sign = 0;
+	    fill = ' ';
+	    switch (c) {
+	    case '%':
+		pbuf = formatbuf;
+		/* presume that buffer length is at least 1 */
+		pbuf[0] = '%';
+		len = 1;
+		break;
+	    case 's':
+	    case 'r':
+		if (PyUnicode_Check(v) && c == 's') {
+		    temp = v;
+		    Py_INCREF(temp);
+		}
+		else {
+		    PyObject *unicode;
+		    if (c == 's')
+			temp = PyObject_Unicode(v);
+		    else
+			temp = PyObject_Repr(v);
+		    if (temp == NULL)
+			goto onError;
+if (PyUnicode_Check(temp))
+/* nothing to do */;
+else if (PyString_Check(temp)) {
+/* convert to string to Unicode */
+		        unicode = PyUnicode_Decode(PyString_AS_STRING(temp),
+						   PyString_GET_SIZE(temp),
+						   NULL,
+						   "strict");
+		        Py_DECREF(temp);
+		        temp = unicode;
+		        if (temp == NULL)
+			    goto onError;
+		    }
+		    else {
+			Py_DECREF(temp);
+			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+					"%s argument has non-string str()");
+			goto onError;
+		    }
+		}
+		pbuf = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(temp);
+		len = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(temp);
+		if (prec >= 0 && len > prec)
+		    len = prec;
+		break;
+	    case 'i':
+	    case 'd':
+	    case 'u':
+	    case 'o':
+	    case 'x':
+	    case 'X':
+		if (c == 'i')
+		    c = 'd';
+		isnumok = 0;
+		if (PyNumber_Check(v)) {
+			PyObject *iobj=NULL;
+			if (PyInt_Check(v) || (PyLong_Check(v))) {
+				iobj = v;
+				Py_INCREF(iobj);
+			}
+			else {
+				iobj = PyNumber_Int(v);
+				if (iobj==NULL) iobj = PyNumber_Long(v);
+			}
+			if (iobj!=NULL) {
+				if (PyInt_Check(iobj)) {
+					isnumok = 1;
+					pbuf = formatbuf;
+					len = formatint(pbuf, sizeof(formatbuf)/sizeof(Py_UNICODE),
+						    flags, prec, c, iobj);
+					Py_DECREF(iobj);
+					if (len < 0)
+					    goto onError;
+					sign = 1;
+				}
+				else if (PyLong_Check(iobj)) {
+					isnumok = 1;
+					temp = formatlong(iobj, flags, prec, c);
+					Py_DECREF(iobj);
+					if (!temp)
+					    goto onError;
+					pbuf = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(temp);
+					len = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(temp);
+					sign = 1;
+				}
+				else {
+					Py_DECREF(iobj);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if (!isnumok) {
+			PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+			    "%%%c format: a number is required, "
+"not %.200s", (char)c, Py_TYPE(v)->tp_name);
+			goto onError;
+		}
+		if (flags & F_ZERO)
+		    fill = '0';
+		break;
+	    case 'e':
+	    case 'E':
+	    case 'f':
+	    case 'F':
+	    case 'g':
+	    case 'G':
+		if (c == 'F')
+			c = 'f';
+		pbuf = formatbuf;
+		len = formatfloat(pbuf, sizeof(formatbuf)/sizeof(Py_UNICODE),
+			flags, prec, c, v);
+		if (len < 0)
+		    goto onError;
+		sign = 1;
+		if (flags & F_ZERO)
+		    fill = '0';
+		break;
+	    case 'c':
+		pbuf = formatbuf;
+		len = formatchar(pbuf, sizeof(formatbuf)/sizeof(Py_UNICODE), v);
+		if (len < 0)
+		    goto onError;
+		break;
+	    default:
+		PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
+			     "unsupported format character '%c' (0x%x) "
+			     "at index %zd",
+			     (31<=c && c<=126) ? (char)c : '?',
+(int)c,
+			     (Py_ssize_t)(fmt - 1 -
+					  PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(uformat)));
+		goto onError;
+	    }
+	    if (sign) {
+		if (*pbuf == '-' || *pbuf == '+') {
+		    sign = *pbuf++;
+		    len--;
+		}
+		else if (flags & F_SIGN)
+		    sign = '+';
+		else if (flags & F_BLANK)
+		    sign = ' ';
+		else
+		    sign = 0;
+	    }
+	    if (width < len)
+		width = len;
+	    if (rescnt - (sign != 0) < width) {
+		reslen -= rescnt;
+		rescnt = width + fmtcnt + 100;
+		reslen += rescnt;
+		if (reslen < 0) {
+		    Py_XDECREF(temp);
+		    PyErr_NoMemory();
+		    goto onError;
+		}
+		if (_PyUnicode_Resize(&result, reslen) < 0) {
+		    Py_XDECREF(temp);
+		    goto onError;
+		}
+		res = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(result)
+		    + reslen - rescnt;
+	    }
+	    if (sign) {
+		if (fill != ' ')
+		    *res++ = sign;
+		rescnt--;
+		if (width > len)
+		    width--;
+	    }
+	    if ((flags & F_ALT) && (c == 'x' || c == 'X')) {
+		assert(pbuf[0] == '0');
+		assert(pbuf[1] == c);
+		if (fill != ' ') {
+		    *res++ = *pbuf++;
+		    *res++ = *pbuf++;
+		}
+		rescnt -= 2;
+		width -= 2;
+		if (width < 0)
+		    width = 0;
+		len -= 2;
+	    }
+	    if (width > len && !(flags & F_LJUST)) {
+		do {
+		    --rescnt;
+		    *res++ = fill;
+		} while (--width > len);
+	    }
+	    if (fill == ' ') {
+		if (sign)
+		    *res++ = sign;
+		if ((flags & F_ALT) && (c == 'x' || c == 'X')) {
+		    assert(pbuf[0] == '0');
+		    assert(pbuf[1] == c);
+		    *res++ = *pbuf++;
+		    *res++ = *pbuf++;
+		}
+	    }
+	    Py_UNICODE_COPY(res, pbuf, len);
+	    res += len;
+	    rescnt -= len;
+	    while (--width >= len) {
+		--rescnt;
+		*res++ = ' ';
+	    }
+	    if (dict && (argidx < arglen) && c != '%') {
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+				"not all arguments converted during string formatting");
+Py_XDECREF(temp);
+		goto onError;
+	    }
+	    Py_XDECREF(temp);
+	} /* '%' */
+} /* until end */
+if (argidx < arglen && !dict) {
+	PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"not all arguments converted during string formatting");
+	goto onError;
+}
+if (_PyUnicode_Resize(&result, reslen - rescnt) < 0)
+	goto onError;
+if (args_owned) {
+	Py_DECREF(args);
+}
+Py_DECREF(uformat);
+return (PyObject *)result;
+onError:
+Py_XDECREF(result);
+Py_DECREF(uformat);
+if (args_owned) {
+	Py_DECREF(args);
+}
+return NULL;
+}
+static PyBufferProcs unicode_as_buffer = {
+(readbufferproc) unicode_buffer_getreadbuf,
+(writebufferproc) unicode_buffer_getwritebuf,
+(segcountproc) unicode_buffer_getsegcount,
+(charbufferproc) unicode_buffer_getcharbuf,
+};
+static PyObject *
+unicode_subtype_new(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds);
+static PyObject *
+unicode_new(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)
+{
+PyObject *x = NULL;
+	static char *kwlist[] = {"string", "encoding", "errors", 0};
+	char *encoding = NULL;
+	char *errors = NULL;
+	if (type != &PyUnicode_Type)
+		return unicode_subtype_new(type, args, kwds);
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, "|Oss:unicode",
+					  kwlist, &x, &encoding, &errors))
+	    return NULL;
+	if (x == NULL)
+		return (PyObject *)_PyUnicode_New(0);
+	if (encoding == NULL && errors == NULL)
+	    return PyObject_Unicode(x);
+	else
+	return PyUnicode_FromEncodedObject(x, encoding, errors);
+}
+static PyObject *
+unicode_subtype_new(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)
+{
+	PyUnicodeObject *tmp, *pnew;
+	Py_ssize_t n;
+	assert(PyType_IsSubtype(type, &PyUnicode_Type));
+	tmp = (PyUnicodeObject *)unicode_new(&PyUnicode_Type, args, kwds);
+	if (tmp == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+	assert(PyUnicode_Check(tmp));
+	pnew = (PyUnicodeObject *) type->tp_alloc(type, n = tmp->length);
+	if (pnew == NULL) {
+		Py_DECREF(tmp);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	pnew->str = (Py_UNICODE*) PyObject_MALLOC(sizeof(Py_UNICODE) * (n+1));
+	if (pnew->str == NULL) {
+		_Py_ForgetReference((PyObject *)pnew);
+		PyObject_Del(pnew);
+		Py_DECREF(tmp);
+		return PyErr_NoMemory();
+	}
+	Py_UNICODE_COPY(pnew->str, tmp->str, n+1);
+	pnew->length = n;
+	pnew->hash = tmp->hash;
+	Py_DECREF(tmp);
+	return (PyObject *)pnew;
+}
+PyDoc_STRVAR(unicode_doc,
+"unicode(string [, encoding[, errors]]) -> object\n\
+\n\
+Create a new Unicode object from the given encoded string.\n\
+encoding defaults to the current default string encoding.\n\
+errors can be 'strict', 'replace' or 'ignore' and defaults to 'strict'.");
+PyTypeObject PyUnicode_Type = {
+PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(&PyType_Type, 0)
+"unicode", 				/* tp_name */
+sizeof(PyUnicodeObject), 		/* tp_size */
+0, 					/* tp_itemsize */
+/* Slots */
+(destructor)unicode_dealloc, 	/* tp_dealloc */
+0, 					/* tp_print */
+0,				 	/* tp_getattr */
+0, 					/* tp_setattr */
+0, 					/* tp_compare */
+unicode_repr, 			/* tp_repr */
+&unicode_as_number, 		/* tp_as_number */
+&unicode_as_sequence, 		/* tp_as_sequence */
+&unicode_as_mapping, 		/* tp_as_mapping */
+(hashfunc) unicode_hash, 		/* tp_hash*/
+0, 					/* tp_call*/
+(reprfunc) unicode_str,	 	/* tp_str */
+PyObject_GenericGetAttr, 		/* tp_getattro */
+0,			 		/* tp_setattro */
+&unicode_as_buffer,			/* tp_as_buffer */
+Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_CHECKTYPES |
+	    Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE | Py_TPFLAGS_UNICODE_SUBCLASS,	/* tp_flags */
+unicode_doc,			/* tp_doc */
+0,					/* tp_traverse */
+0,					/* tp_clear */
+PyUnicode_RichCompare,		/* tp_richcompare */
+0,					/* tp_weaklistoffset */
+0,					/* tp_iter */
+0,					/* tp_iternext */
+unicode_methods,			/* tp_methods */
+0,					/* tp_members */
+0,					/* tp_getset */
+&PyBaseString_Type,			/* tp_base */
+0,					/* tp_dict */
+0,					/* tp_descr_get */
+0,					/* tp_descr_set */
+0,					/* tp_dictoffset */
+0,					/* tp_init */
+0,					/* tp_alloc */
+unicode_new,			/* tp_new */
+PyObject_Del,      		/* tp_free */
+};
+/* Initialize the Unicode implementation */
+void _PyUnicode_Init(void)
+{
+int i;
+/* XXX - move this array to unicodectype.c ? */
+Py_UNICODE linebreak[] = {
+0x000A, /* LINE FEED */
+0x000D, /* CARRIAGE RETURN */
+0x001C, /* FILE SEPARATOR */
+0x001D, /* GROUP SEPARATOR */
+0x001E, /* RECORD SEPARATOR */
+0x0085, /* NEXT LINE */
+0x2028, /* LINE SEPARATOR */
+0x2029, /* PARAGRAPH SEPARATOR */
+};
+/* Init the implementation */
+free_list = NULL;
+numfree = 0;
+unicode_empty = _PyUnicode_New(0);
+if (!unicode_empty)
+	return;
+strcpy(unicode_default_encoding, "ascii");
+for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
+	unicode_latin1[i] = NULL;
+if (PyType_Ready(&PyUnicode_Type) < 0)
+	Py_FatalError("Can't initialize 'unicode'");
+/* initialize the linebreak bloom filter */
+bloom_linebreak = make_bloom_mask(
+linebreak, sizeof(linebreak) / sizeof(linebreak[0])
+);
+PyType_Ready(&EncodingMapType);
+}
+/* Finalize the Unicode implementation */
+int
+PyUnicode_ClearFreeList(void)
+{
+int freelist_size = numfree;
+PyUnicodeObject *u;
+for (u = free_list; u != NULL;) {
+	PyUnicodeObject *v = u;
+	u = *(PyUnicodeObject **)u;
+	if (v->str)
+	    PyObject_DEL(v->str);
+	Py_XDECREF(v->defenc);
+	PyObject_Del(v);
+	numfree--;
+}
+free_list = NULL;
+assert(numfree == 0);
+return freelist_size;
+}
+void
+_PyUnicode_Fini(void)
+{
+int i;
+Py_XDECREF(unicode_empty);
+unicode_empty = NULL;
+for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
+	if (unicode_latin1[i]) {
+	    Py_DECREF(unicode_latin1[i]);
+	    unicode_latin1[i] = NULL;
+	}
+}
+(void)PyUnicode_ClearFreeList();
+}
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+/*
+Local variables:
+c-basic-offset: 4
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+*/