/*
* CFI parallel flash with Intel command set emulation
*
* Copyright (c) 2006 Thorsten Zitterell
* Copyright (c) 2005 Jocelyn Mayer
*
* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
* version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
* Lesser General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*/
/*
* For now, this code can emulate flashes of 1, 2 or 4 bytes width.
* Supported commands/modes are:
* - flash read
* - flash write
* - flash ID read
* - sector erase
* - CFI queries
*
* It does not support timings
* It does not support flash interleaving
* It does not implement software data protection as found in many real chips
* It does not implement erase suspend/resume commands
* It does not implement multiple sectors erase
*
* It does not implement much more ...
*/
#include "hw.h"
#include "flash.h"
#include "block.h"
#include "qemu-timer.h"
#define PFLASH_BUG(fmt, args...) \
do { \
printf("PFLASH: Possible BUG - " fmt, ##args); \
exit(1); \
} while(0)
/* #define PFLASH_DEBUG */
#ifdef PFLASH_DEBUG
#define DPRINTF(fmt, args...) \
do { \
printf("PFLASH: " fmt , ##args); \
} while (0)
#else
#define DPRINTF(fmt, args...) do { } while (0)
#endif
struct pflash_t {
BlockDriverState *bs;
target_ulong base;
target_ulong sector_len;
target_ulong total_len;
int width;
int wcycle; /* if 0, the flash is read normally */
int bypass;
int ro;
uint8_t cmd;
uint8_t status;
uint16_t ident[4];
uint8_t cfi_len;
uint8_t cfi_table[0x52];
target_ulong counter;
QEMUTimer *timer;
ram_addr_t off;
int fl_mem;
void *storage;
};
static void pflash_timer (void *opaque)
{
pflash_t *pfl = opaque;
DPRINTF("%s: command %02x done\n", __func__, pfl->cmd);
/* Reset flash */
pfl->status ^= 0x80;
if (pfl->bypass) {
pfl->wcycle = 2;
} else {
cpu_register_physical_memory(pfl->base, pfl->total_len,
pfl->off | IO_MEM_ROMD | pfl->fl_mem);
pfl->wcycle = 0;
}
pfl->cmd = 0;
}
static uint32_t pflash_read (pflash_t *pfl, target_ulong offset, int width)
{
target_ulong boff;
uint32_t ret;
uint8_t *p;
ret = -1;
boff = offset & 0xFF; /* why this here ?? */
if (pfl->width == 2)
boff = boff >> 1;
else if (pfl->width == 4)
boff = boff >> 2;
DPRINTF("%s: reading offset " TARGET_FMT_lx " under cmd %02x width %d\n",
__func__, offset, pfl->cmd, width);
switch (pfl->cmd) {
case 0x00:
/* Flash area read */
p = pfl->storage;
switch (width) {
case 1:
ret = p[offset];
DPRINTF("%s: data offset " TARGET_FMT_lx " %02x\n",
__func__, offset, ret);
break;
case 2:
#if defined(TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN)
ret = p[offset] << 8;
ret |= p[offset + 1];
#else
ret = p[offset];
ret |= p[offset + 1] << 8;
#endif
DPRINTF("%s: data offset " TARGET_FMT_lx " %04x\n",
__func__, offset, ret);
break;
case 4:
#if defined(TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN)
ret = p[offset] << 24;
ret |= p[offset + 1] << 16;
ret |= p[offset + 2] << 8;
ret |= p[offset + 3];
#else
ret = p[offset];
ret |= p[offset + 1] << 8;
ret |= p[offset + 1] << 8;
ret |= p[offset + 2] << 16;
ret |= p[offset + 3] << 24;
#endif
DPRINTF("%s: data offset " TARGET_FMT_lx " %08x\n",
__func__, offset, ret);
break;
default:
DPRINTF("BUG in %s\n", __func__);
}
break;
case 0x20: /* Block erase */
case 0x50: /* Clear status register */
case 0x60: /* Block /un)lock */
case 0x70: /* Status Register */
case 0xe8: /* Write block */
/* Status register read */
ret = pfl->status;
DPRINTF("%s: status %x\n", __func__, ret);
break;
case 0x98: /* Query mode */
if (boff > pfl->cfi_len)
ret = 0;
else
ret = pfl->cfi_table[boff];
break;
default:
/* This should never happen : reset state & treat it as a read */
DPRINTF("%s: unknown command state: %x\n", __func__, pfl->cmd);
pfl->wcycle = 0;
pfl->cmd = 0;
}
return ret;
}
/* update flash content on disk */
static void pflash_update(pflash_t *pfl, int offset,
int size)
{
int offset_end;
if (pfl->bs) {
offset_end = offset + size;
/* round to sectors */
offset = offset >> 9;
offset_end = (offset_end + 511) >> 9;
bdrv_write(pfl->bs, offset, pfl->storage + (offset << 9),
offset_end - offset);
}
}
static void inline pflash_data_write(pflash_t *pfl, target_ulong offset,
uint32_t value, int width)
{
uint8_t *p = pfl->storage;
DPRINTF("%s: block write offset " TARGET_FMT_lx
" value %x counter " TARGET_FMT_lx "\n",
__func__, offset, value, pfl->counter);
switch (width) {
case 1:
p[offset] = value;
pflash_update(pfl, offset, 1);
break;
case 2:
#if defined(TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN)
p[offset] = value >> 8;
p[offset + 1] = value;
#else
p[offset] = value;
p[offset + 1] = value >> 8;
#endif
pflash_update(pfl, offset, 2);
break;
case 4:
#if defined(TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN)
p[offset] = value >> 24;
p[offset + 1] = value >> 16;
p[offset + 2] = value >> 8;
p[offset + 3] = value;
#else
p[offset] = value;
p[offset + 1] = value >> 8;
p[offset + 2] = value >> 16;
p[offset + 3] = value >> 24;
#endif
pflash_update(pfl, offset, 4);
break;
}
}
static void pflash_write (pflash_t *pfl, target_ulong offset, uint32_t value,
int width)
{
target_ulong boff;
uint8_t *p;
uint8_t cmd;
cmd = value;
DPRINTF("%s: writing offset " TARGET_FMT_lx " value %08x width %d wcycle 0x%x\n",
__func__, offset, value, width, pfl->wcycle);
/* Set the device in I/O access mode */
cpu_register_physical_memory(pfl->base, pfl->total_len, pfl->fl_mem);
boff = offset & (pfl->sector_len - 1);
if (pfl->width == 2)
boff = boff >> 1;
else if (pfl->width == 4)
boff = boff >> 2;
switch (pfl->wcycle) {
case 0:
/* read mode */
switch (cmd) {
case 0x00: /* ??? */
goto reset_flash;
case 0x10: /* Single Byte Program */
case 0x40: /* Single Byte Program */
DPRINTF(stderr, "%s: Single Byte Program\n", __func__);
break;
case 0x20: /* Block erase */
p = pfl->storage;
offset &= ~(pfl->sector_len - 1);
DPRINTF("%s: block erase at " TARGET_FMT_lx " bytes "
TARGET_FMT_lx "\n",
__func__, offset, pfl->sector_len);
memset(p + offset, 0xff, pfl->sector_len);
pflash_update(pfl, offset, pfl->sector_len);
pfl->status |= 0x80; /* Ready! */
break;
case 0x50: /* Clear status bits */
DPRINTF("%s: Clear status bits\n", __func__);
pfl->status = 0x0;
goto reset_flash;
case 0x60: /* Block (un)lock */
DPRINTF("%s: Block unlock\n", __func__);
break;
case 0x70: /* Status Register */
DPRINTF("%s: Read status register\n", __func__);
pfl->cmd = cmd;
return;
case 0x98: /* CFI query */
DPRINTF("%s: CFI query\n", __func__);
break;
case 0xe8: /* Write to buffer */
DPRINTF("%s: Write to buffer\n", __func__);
pfl->status |= 0x80; /* Ready! */
break;
case 0xff: /* Read array mode */
DPRINTF("%s: Read array mode\n", __func__);
goto reset_flash;
default:
goto error_flash;
}
pfl->wcycle++;
pfl->cmd = cmd;
return;
case 1:
switch (pfl->cmd) {
case 0x10: /* Single Byte Program */
case 0x40: /* Single Byte Program */
DPRINTF("%s: Single Byte Program\n", __func__);
pflash_data_write(pfl, offset, value, width);
pfl->status |= 0x80; /* Ready! */
pfl->wcycle = 0;
break;
case 0x20: /* Block erase */
case 0x28:
if (cmd == 0xd0) { /* confirm */
pfl->wcycle = 0;
pfl->status |= 0x80;
} else if (cmd == 0xff) { /* read array mode */
goto reset_flash;
} else
goto error_flash;
break;
case 0xe8:
DPRINTF("%s: block write of %x bytes\n", __func__, value);
pfl->counter = value;
pfl->wcycle++;
break;
case 0x60:
if (cmd == 0xd0) {
pfl->wcycle = 0;
pfl->status |= 0x80;
} else if (cmd == 0x01) {
pfl->wcycle = 0;
pfl->status |= 0x80;
} else if (cmd == 0xff) {
goto reset_flash;
} else {
DPRINTF("%s: Unknown (un)locking command\n", __func__);
goto reset_flash;
}
break;
case 0x98:
if (cmd == 0xff) {
goto reset_flash;
} else {
DPRINTF("%s: leaving query mode\n", __func__);
}
break;
default:
goto error_flash;
}
return;
case 2:
switch (pfl->cmd) {
case 0xe8: /* Block write */
pflash_data_write(pfl, offset, value, width);
pfl->status |= 0x80;
if (!pfl->counter) {
DPRINTF("%s: block write finished\n", __func__);
pfl->wcycle++;
}
pfl->counter--;
break;
default:
goto error_flash;
}
return;
case 3: /* Confirm mode */
switch (pfl->cmd) {
case 0xe8: /* Block write */
if (cmd == 0xd0) {
pfl->wcycle = 0;
pfl->status |= 0x80;
} else {
DPRINTF("%s: unknown command for \"write block\"\n", __func__);
PFLASH_BUG("Write block confirm");
goto reset_flash;
}
break;
default:
goto error_flash;
}
return;
default:
/* Should never happen */
DPRINTF("%s: invalid write state\n", __func__);
goto reset_flash;
}
return;
error_flash:
printf("%s: Unimplemented flash cmd sequence "
"(offset " TARGET_FMT_lx ", wcycle 0x%x cmd 0x%x value 0x%x)\n",
__func__, offset, pfl->wcycle, pfl->cmd, value);
reset_flash:
cpu_register_physical_memory(pfl->base, pfl->total_len,
pfl->off | IO_MEM_ROMD | pfl->fl_mem);
pfl->bypass = 0;
pfl->wcycle = 0;
pfl->cmd = 0;
return;
}
static uint32_t pflash_readb (void *opaque, target_phys_addr_t addr)
{
return pflash_read(opaque, addr, 1);
}
static uint32_t pflash_readw (void *opaque, target_phys_addr_t addr)
{
pflash_t *pfl = opaque;
return pflash_read(pfl, addr, 2);
}
static uint32_t pflash_readl (void *opaque, target_phys_addr_t addr)
{
pflash_t *pfl = opaque;
return pflash_read(pfl, addr, 4);
}
static void pflash_writeb (void *opaque, target_phys_addr_t addr,
uint32_t value)
{
pflash_write(opaque, addr, value, 1);
}
static void pflash_writew (void *opaque, target_phys_addr_t addr,
uint32_t value)
{
pflash_t *pfl = opaque;
pflash_write(pfl, addr, value, 2);
}
static void pflash_writel (void *opaque, target_phys_addr_t addr,
uint32_t value)
{
pflash_t *pfl = opaque;
pflash_write(pfl, addr, value, 4);
}
static CPUWriteMemoryFunc *pflash_write_ops[] = {
&pflash_writeb,
&pflash_writew,
&pflash_writel,
};
static CPUReadMemoryFunc *pflash_read_ops[] = {
&pflash_readb,
&pflash_readw,
&pflash_readl,
};
/* Count trailing zeroes of a 32 bits quantity */
static int ctz32 (uint32_t n)
{
int ret;
ret = 0;
if (!(n & 0xFFFF)) {
ret += 16;
n = n >> 16;
}
if (!(n & 0xFF)) {
ret += 8;
n = n >> 8;
}
if (!(n & 0xF)) {
ret += 4;
n = n >> 4;
}
if (!(n & 0x3)) {
ret += 2;
n = n >> 2;
}
if (!(n & 0x1)) {
ret++;
n = n >> 1;
}
#if 0 /* This is not necessary as n is never 0 */
if (!n)
ret++;
#endif
return ret;
}
pflash_t *pflash_cfi01_register(target_phys_addr_t base, ram_addr_t off,
BlockDriverState *bs, uint32_t sector_len,
int nb_blocs, int width,
uint16_t id0, uint16_t id1,
uint16_t id2, uint16_t id3)
{
pflash_t *pfl;
target_long total_len;
total_len = sector_len * nb_blocs;
/* XXX: to be fixed */
#if 0
if (total_len != (8 * 1024 * 1024) && total_len != (16 * 1024 * 1024) &&
total_len != (32 * 1024 * 1024) && total_len != (64 * 1024 * 1024))
return NULL;
#endif
pfl = qemu_mallocz(sizeof(pflash_t));
if (pfl == NULL)
return NULL;
/* FIXME: This is broken if it spans multiple RAM regions. */
pfl->storage = host_ram_addr(off);
pfl->fl_mem = cpu_register_io_memory(0,
pflash_read_ops, pflash_write_ops, pfl);
pfl->off = off;
cpu_register_physical_memory(base, total_len,
off | pfl->fl_mem | IO_MEM_ROMD);
pfl->bs = bs;
if (pfl->bs) {
/* read the initial flash content */
bdrv_read(pfl->bs, 0, pfl->storage, total_len >> 9);
}
#if 0 /* XXX: there should be a bit to set up read-only,
* the same way the hardware does (with WP pin).
*/
pfl->ro = 1;
#else
pfl->ro = 0;
#endif
pfl->timer = qemu_new_timer(vm_clock, pflash_timer, pfl);
pfl->base = base;
pfl->sector_len = sector_len;
pfl->total_len = total_len;
pfl->width = width;
pfl->wcycle = 0;
pfl->cmd = 0;
pfl->status = 0;
pfl->ident[0] = id0;
pfl->ident[1] = id1;
pfl->ident[2] = id2;
pfl->ident[3] = id3;
/* Hardcoded CFI table */
pfl->cfi_len = 0x52;
/* Standard "QRY" string */
pfl->cfi_table[0x10] = 'Q';
pfl->cfi_table[0x11] = 'R';
pfl->cfi_table[0x12] = 'Y';
/* Command set (Intel) */
pfl->cfi_table[0x13] = 0x01;
pfl->cfi_table[0x14] = 0x00;
/* Primary extended table address (none) */
pfl->cfi_table[0x15] = 0x31;
pfl->cfi_table[0x16] = 0x00;
/* Alternate command set (none) */
pfl->cfi_table[0x17] = 0x00;
pfl->cfi_table[0x18] = 0x00;
/* Alternate extended table (none) */
pfl->cfi_table[0x19] = 0x00;
pfl->cfi_table[0x1A] = 0x00;
/* Vcc min */
pfl->cfi_table[0x1B] = 0x45;
/* Vcc max */
pfl->cfi_table[0x1C] = 0x55;
/* Vpp min (no Vpp pin) */
pfl->cfi_table[0x1D] = 0x00;
/* Vpp max (no Vpp pin) */
pfl->cfi_table[0x1E] = 0x00;
/* Reserved */
pfl->cfi_table[0x1F] = 0x07;
/* Timeout for min size buffer write */
pfl->cfi_table[0x20] = 0x07;
/* Typical timeout for block erase */
pfl->cfi_table[0x21] = 0x0a;
/* Typical timeout for full chip erase (4096 ms) */
pfl->cfi_table[0x22] = 0x00;
/* Reserved */
pfl->cfi_table[0x23] = 0x04;
/* Max timeout for buffer write */
pfl->cfi_table[0x24] = 0x04;
/* Max timeout for block erase */
pfl->cfi_table[0x25] = 0x04;
/* Max timeout for chip erase */
pfl->cfi_table[0x26] = 0x00;
/* Device size */
pfl->cfi_table[0x27] = ctz32(total_len); // + 1;
/* Flash device interface (8 & 16 bits) */
pfl->cfi_table[0x28] = 0x02;
pfl->cfi_table[0x29] = 0x00;
/* Max number of bytes in multi-bytes write */
pfl->cfi_table[0x2A] = 0x0B;
pfl->cfi_table[0x2B] = 0x00;
/* Number of erase block regions (uniform) */
pfl->cfi_table[0x2C] = 0x01;
/* Erase block region 1 */
pfl->cfi_table[0x2D] = nb_blocs - 1;
pfl->cfi_table[0x2E] = (nb_blocs - 1) >> 8;
pfl->cfi_table[0x2F] = sector_len >> 8;
pfl->cfi_table[0x30] = sector_len >> 16;
/* Extended */
pfl->cfi_table[0x31] = 'P';
pfl->cfi_table[0x32] = 'R';
pfl->cfi_table[0x33] = 'I';
pfl->cfi_table[0x34] = '1';
pfl->cfi_table[0x35] = '1';
pfl->cfi_table[0x36] = 0x00;
pfl->cfi_table[0x37] = 0x00;
pfl->cfi_table[0x38] = 0x00;
pfl->cfi_table[0x39] = 0x00;
pfl->cfi_table[0x3a] = 0x00;
pfl->cfi_table[0x3b] = 0x00;
pfl->cfi_table[0x3c] = 0x00;
return pfl;
}