Author: Clive Whitear
Date: December 21st 1998
Version: ER5  release
Word
0x10007F
Word: Quick start
word processor cursor insertion point wrap text
Word is the EPOC machine's word processor. The files created in it are compatible with PC word processing applications, and can be copied to any PC that has EPOC CONNECT installed and worked on there.
Use Word to write letters, memos, faxes, or an entire novel.
Use Word to:
•	Format text quickly and easily by tapping buttons on the Top toolbar.
•	Insert pictures, graphs and sound in your files.
•	Check spelling.
•	Change page layout and preview how files will look when printed.
•	Use built-in paragraph styles or add new styles.
•	Create a new file based on one of the built-in templates, and add templates of your own.
The "cursor" (small black flashing line) shows the current position. When the text typed in reaches the right-hand side of the screen, it automatically "word-wraps" to the next line on the screen.
Text formatting is based around "paragraphs"; press the Enter key to start a new paragraph, or hold the Shift key and press Enter to start a new line without starting a new paragraph.
•	Use the Zoom commands on the View menu to change the size of text on screen. A custom zoom level can be set anywhere between 1% and 200% using Set zoom.
•	Zooming only alters the on-screen display and has no effect on printing.
The amount of text in a Word file is limited only by available memory, so long files can be created and worked on if necessary.
Keypresses (Word)
Page up PgUp Page down Pgdn Home End ctrl fn keyboard
These are the default keypresses:
Special keypresses can be used to jump to:
•	Previous word: Ctrl+left arrow.
•	Next word: Ctrl+right arrow.
•	Start of line: Fn+left arrow.
•	End of line: Fn+right arrow.
•	Start of paragraph: Ctrl+up arrow.
•	End of paragraph: Ctrl+down arrow.
•	Up one screen: Fn+up arrow.
•	Down one screen: Fn+down arrow.
•	Start of document: Ctrl+Fn+up arrow
•	End of document: Ctrl+Fn+down arrow.
•	To jump to the top of any page select Go to from the Find cascade on the Edit menu.
Inserting objects (Word)
insert picture embedding linking attaching sketch graph graphics chart drawing sound display as icon tables OLE
Enhance documents by inserting (embedding) objects in a Word file. To do this:
1.	Position the cursor in the text at the point at which the object is to appear.
2.	On the Insert menu, select:
•	Sketch to add a picture.
•	Graph to add a spreadsheet, table or graph created with EPOC Sheet.
•	Other object to choose any of the other EPOC programs which support this feature.
To re-edit the object, select it and press Enter, or select Edit object from the Object cascade on the Edit menu.
•	Inserted objects can cause file sizes to increase greatly. To save screen space (but not disk space), and speed up navigating through and editing a file, select Object preferences on the Tools menu and display all sketches and graphs as icons when they are first embedded. Override these settings for individual inserted objects by highlighting them and selecting Format object from the Object cascade on the Edit menu.
Formatting objects (Word)
format object resize scale
To format an object (change the size, scaling and appearance of pictures, graphs etc.), select the object, then select Format object from the Object cascade on the Edit menu.
Inserting page breaks (Word)
manual break new pagebreak new line break linebreak
Word automatically "paginates" files when they are printed (i.e. it's divided into pages).
To manually control where a new page or paragraph will start, place the cursor at the required point and:
•	Press Ctrl+Enter to insert a page break.
•	Press Shift+Enter to insert a line break.
Paragraphs (Word)
spacing alignment carriage return page layout printing centred centered page break pagebreak paragraph end
Each time the Enter key is pressed, Word starts a new paragraph and inserts a "paragraph end" (or "carriage return") symbol.
•	The paragraph end symbol, ¶, is normally invisible. To show paragraph ends, select View preferences on the Tools menu.
All text between two paragraph end symbols, whether it is just one or two characters, a whole line, or several lines, is treated as a single paragraph. Formatting can be applied (spacing, tabs, bullets, colours, alignment etc.) to whole paragraphs by placing the cursor within the paragraph(s) and selecting the desired commandfrom the Paragraph menu..
•	To start a new line without starting a new paragraph, press Shift+Enter.
To define how text appears on the printed page, select Line spacing on the Paragraph menu:
•	Tick Keep together to prevent a page break within a paragraph.
•	Tick Keep with next to ensure that a selected paragraph always appears on the same page as the following one. This is useful for keeping a heading with the text following it, or making sure that an entire address appears on the same page.
•	Tick Start new page to ensure that a selected paragraph always appears at the top of a new page.
•	Tick Allow as widow/orphan to let a single line at the beginning or end of a paragraph appear on a separate page from the remainder.
To change the position of a whole paragraph on the page (e.g. to place an address at the top right hand side of a letter, or centre a title above a graph):
1.	Place the cursor anywhere in the paragraph to be realigned, or select a number of paragraphs.
2.	Press the Alignment button on the Top toolbar and select from the drop-down list of options.
•	Text can also be realigned using Alignment on the Paragraph menu.
Line spacing (Word)
paragraph spacing gap blank line point size
Line spacing settings control the spacing between lines of text within a paragraph, and whether paragraphs are separated by extra space above or below.
Word normally sets line spacing for a paragraph to 'At least' the current font size, and increases it, where necessary, to accommodate larger text and/or inserted objects.
To change line spacing settings select Line spacing on the Paragraph menu, enter a point size in the Line spacing box, and set the line spacing control to:
•	Exactly to keep the line spacing consistent, even if there is a picture or some larger text on the line. In some cases this might mean that a section of larger text might be obscured by the line above, so it might be advisable to set line spacing to the size of the largest text within the paragraph.
•	At least to allow Word to automatically increase spacing when necessary in order to fully display graphics and any larger sizes of text within a paragraph.
To insert extra spacing between individual paragraphs, enter "point" sizes in the Space above and Space below boxes.
•	There are 72 points in an inch, so one point is 1/72nd of an inch.
•	To see the maximum number of lines of text on the screen (up to 50% more), remove the standard spacing between paragraphs by selecting Style gallery on the Paragraphs menu. Then highlight the 'Normal' line, press Modify then press Format. Select Line spacing and set Space above to 0. Note that this also affects the way lines are spaced when printed.
Paragraph styles (Word)
template formatting normal heading style gallery outline level
A style is a pre-defined set of formatting options (font, indents, tabs, spacing, borders, colours, bullets and alignments) which is applied to an entire paragraph.
Word has some ready made styles (e.g. Heading 1 and Normal), which can be applied via the Style button on the Top toolbar or Style gallery on the Paragraph menu (or using Ctrl+Fn+N for Normal, Ctrl+Fn+1 for Heading 1 etc.).
In addition, use the Style gallery to:
•	Create a new style with an associated shortcut key combination - select New.
•	Review or change settings for an existing style - select Modify.
•	Assign a shortcut key combination to an existing style - select Modify.
•	Define the outline levels used when navigating the document outline.
The style settings are saved as part of the current file, so each file can have different settings.
If you copy a paragraph of text from one Word file to another, using copy & paste, the style of the paragraph will be copied too.
If you often use the same combination of style settings, you can save a file containing the settings as a "template". Then, you can create a new Word file using the template as the starting point.
Borders around text (Word)
lines width paragraph
To draw a line around a selected paragraph, tap the Borders box on the Top toolbar and select a border style.
•	To change the style, width and colour of borders, select Borders on the Paragraph menu.
Colour & other effects (Word)
colors colours superscript subscript background shading shade grey gray coloured text colored text
Printed documents can be made more eye-catching by using contrasting shades of grey for text and background.
Select Borders on the Paragraph menu, select the Colour tab, and set a background colour.
To change the text colour and apply advanced formatting options, select Font on the Text menu and choose the Other tab, then:
•	Select Text colour to set a colour and preview it against the selected background.
•	If the text is made the same colour as the background it will not be visible.
•	Tick the Strikethrough box to make text appear crossed out.
•	Select Superscript in the Print position box to make text appear slightly higher than the rest of the line.
•	Select Subscript in the Print position box to make text appear slightly lower than the rest of the line.
Indents (Word)
hanging indent margin
To move some, or all, of the lines of a selected paragraph in from the page margins, select Indents on the Paragraph menu and set a distance in the Left and/or Right boxes.
•	To indent the first line of a paragraph a different amount from the remainder, enter a distance in the First line box.
•	For a "hanging indent", set the Left indent to the same distance as a tab stop and set the First line indent to 0.
Tab positions (Word)
centred centered aligned right aligned left aligned tab stops columns tabs
A tab stop is a position on the page that can be used to set up columns of text or numbers. Columns of text aligned to tab stops look neater when printed than text aligned with the Spacebar.
Each press of the Tab key causes subsequent text to jump to the next tab stop.
To change the distance between tabs select Tab positions on the Paragraph menu.
•	The Standard setting is 0.63 cm (¼ inch) between tabs, aligned down the left hand side.
•	Use the Custom dialog to set tabs at different places on the page or to set left, right or centre alignment for tab stops. When the distance and alignment has been set for a tab stop, press Set to continue.
•	To remove a tab stop, press Clear.
•	To remove all tab stops in highlighted paragraphs, press Clear all.
•	Tab settings can be amended in the Current tab dialog.
Plain text files (Word)
RTF ASCII unformatted text-only
To save a file as unformatted text (ASCII) that can be read by many other programs, select Export as text file from the More cascade on the File menu. This creates a new copy of the file in a text-only format and does not affect the original.
•	Any special formatting (styles, emphases, inserted objects etc.) is not retained in the resulting copy.
Plain text files created in other programs can be imported by selecting Import text file from the More cascade on the File menu.
Non-printing and special characters (Word)
hide nonprinting manual break non-printing non printing forced line break non-breaking space nonbreaking space hard hyphen nonbreaking hyphen view preferences paragraph end
To control how Word prints, and displays text on screen, insert "non-printing" special characters as follows:
•	To start a new line without starting a new paragraph, insert a forced line break with Shift+Enter.
•	To prevent a line break at a space (e.g. the space between the initial and surname in J. Smith), insert a non-breaking space with Shift+Space.
•	To prevent starting a new line at a hyphen (e.g. will‑o'‑the‑wisp), insert a hard hyphen with Shift+- (i.e. Shift+Fn+O).
To make non-printing characters, including tabs, spaces and paragraph ends, visible on the screen:
1.	Select View preferences on the Tools menu.
2.	Tick the items to display on screen.
•	Similar preferences can also be set for the OPL editor.
Counting words & pages (Word)
word count paginate page count
To count how many words there are in a file, select Word count on the Tools menu. To find out how many pages it will cover when printed select Paginate on the Tools menu.
•	Note that pagination is related to the current page size and margin settings.
Finding & replacing text (Word)
replace change locate find next find again replace all searching
If required, search through an entire file to find any or all occurrences of a specific word or phrase and, if necessary, replace it with a different word/phrase. The Find commands are on the Edit menu.
•	Find finds the first occurrence of specified text.
•	Find again finds the next occurrence of the same text.
•	Replace finds specified text and replaces it with other text.
Tick the Case sensitive box to replace only words which are capitalised the same way, i.e. to avoid changing 'sheer cliff face' to 'sheer Clifford face'.
Tick the Match whole word box to replace only the exact word, i.e. to avoid changing 'Cliffhanger' to 'Cliffordhanger'.
•	The Replace all command changes all occurrences of a particular word to a different word (e.g. a character's name in a story) - i.e. to find every time the word 'Cliff' is used and replace them all with 'Clifford' press the Replace all button when the first occurrence has been found in the Replace dialog,
Formatting text (Word)
attribute type style typeface format font size bold italics underlined align justify borders bulleted list undo cancelled canceled
The Top toolbar has buttons for applying the most commonly used formatting options to highlighted text or entire paragraphs. Use the buttons to:
•	Apply a paragraph style.
•	Change font.
•	Set the size of text.
•	Make text bold, italic or underlined.
•	Change paragraph alignment.
•	Add borders to paragraphs.
•	Create a bulleted list.
A combination of formatting options can be applied, e.g. you can make text bold and italic, or larger and bulleted with borders, etc.
The font (typeface), size, colour and print position of highlighted text can also be changed, by selecting Font on the Text menu.
•	To undo all the text formatting changes for the current paragraph(s), select Remove formatting on the Paragraph menu.
•	To undo all the paragraph formatting changes for the current paragraph(s), select Remove formatting on the Paragraph menu.
•	Text may not appear on-screen in the selected font. This is because Word displays text in whichever of its own fonts is the nearest match to the printer font.
Bullets & symbols (Word)
bulleted list foreign characters accents fractions half three quarters insert special characters
Lists of items are often preceded by special characters called "bullets". To make selected text into a bulleted list, tap the Bullet button on the Top toolbar.
•	To change the colour, size, and indent of bullets, or to use a different character or symbol as a bullet, select Bullets on the Paragraph menu.
To insert unusual, accented, or foreign characters in the file, select Special character on the Insert menu.
•	The dialog displays a keyboard shortcut (Ctrl+nnn) for the selected character which can be used to insert it in other programs.
Templates in Word
stencil overlay pattern skeleton sample example
A "template" is a document design, comprising paragraph styles, page layout, header, footer etc. that you can use to base new Word files on. You can use one of the built-in templates or create new templates of your own.
To base a new file on a template
1.	Select Create new file on the File menu.
2.	Choose a name and location for the new file and select the template you want to base it on.
•	If you've created templates yourself, they're listed with a (C) or (D) after the name.
To create a template
1.	Create a Word file with the styles, page layout, headers, footers etc. that you want to include in the template.
•	The cursor position, Toolbar and Top toolbar settings and the printer setting are also saved in the template.
2.	Select More|Save as template on the File menu.
3.	You are asked for a filename and disk drive that you want to save the template under.
To delete a template, select More|Delete template on the File menu.
To edit an existing template
1.	Create a new file based on the template you wish to edit by selecting Create new file on the File menu.
2.	Choose a name and location for the new file (e.g. "Temporary" in the Documents folder of disk drive C) and select the template you want to edit.
The new file is opened, and you can edit it as required.
3.	Save the file as a template by selecting More|Save as template on the File menu.
4.	Give the template the same name and location as the original one and press OK.
5.	A confirmation dialog asks if you want to replace the original template.
6.	You can now close and delete the file you created ("Temporary").
•	You cannot replace or delete the built-in templates.
Outline navigation (Word)
document outline level expand collapse
For easier navigation in large Word files, you can view the document in outline, where each paragraph is represented by a single line, and where you can choose which outline levels are displayed.
•	The outline level of a paragraph is related to its paragraph style.
Select Outline on the View menu to see the document structure in outline. When in the document outline:
•	to expand the selected outline level, press the right arrow key.
•	to collapse the selected outline level, press the left arrow key.
•	to expand all outline levels, press the Open all button.
•	to collapse all outline levels, press the Close all button.
•	Paragraph styles with outline level 0 are not displayed in the document outline.