WebKitTools/Scripts/VCSUtils.pm
changeset 0 4f2f89ce4247
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/WebKitTools/Scripts/VCSUtils.pm	Fri Sep 17 09:02:29 2010 +0300
@@ -0,0 +1,1720 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2007, 2008, 2009 Apple Inc.  All rights reserved.
+# Copyright (C) 2009, 2010 Chris Jerdonek (chris.jerdonek@gmail.com)
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+# are met:
+#
+# 1.  Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+#     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 
+# 2.  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+#     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+#     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 
+# 3.  Neither the name of Apple Computer, Inc. ("Apple") nor the names of
+#     its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+#     from this software without specific prior written permission. 
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY APPLE AND ITS CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY
+# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
+# WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+# DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL APPLE OR ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+# DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
+# (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
+# LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
+# ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
+# THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+# Module to share code to work with various version control systems.
+package VCSUtils;
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+use Cwd qw();  # "qw()" prevents warnings about redefining getcwd() with "use POSIX;"
+use English; # for $POSTMATCH, etc.
+use File::Basename;
+use File::Spec;
+use POSIX;
+
+BEGIN {
+    use Exporter   ();
+    our ($VERSION, @ISA, @EXPORT, @EXPORT_OK, %EXPORT_TAGS);
+    $VERSION     = 1.00;
+    @ISA         = qw(Exporter);
+    @EXPORT      = qw(
+        &callSilently
+        &canonicalizePath
+        &changeLogEmailAddress
+        &changeLogName
+        &chdirReturningRelativePath
+        &decodeGitBinaryPatch
+        &determineSVNRoot
+        &determineVCSRoot
+        &exitStatus
+        &fixChangeLogPatch
+        &gitBranch
+        &gitdiff2svndiff
+        &isGit
+        &isGitBranchBuild
+        &isGitDirectory
+        &isSVN
+        &isSVNDirectory
+        &isSVNVersion16OrNewer
+        &makeFilePathRelative
+        &mergeChangeLogs
+        &normalizePath
+        &parsePatch
+        &pathRelativeToSVNRepositoryRootForPath
+        &prepareParsedPatch
+        &runPatchCommand
+        &scmToggleExecutableBit
+        &setChangeLogDateAndReviewer
+        &svnRevisionForDirectory
+        &svnStatus
+    );
+    %EXPORT_TAGS = ( );
+    @EXPORT_OK   = ();
+}
+
+our @EXPORT_OK;
+
+my $gitBranch;
+my $gitRoot;
+my $isGit;
+my $isGitBranchBuild;
+my $isSVN;
+my $svnVersion;
+
+# Project time zone for Cupertino, CA, US
+my $changeLogTimeZone = "PST8PDT";
+
+my $gitDiffStartRegEx = qr#^diff --git (\w/)?(.+) (\w/)?([^\r\n]+)#;
+my $svnDiffStartRegEx = qr#^Index: ([^\r\n]+)#;
+my $svnPropertiesStartRegEx = qr#^Property changes on: ([^\r\n]+)#; # $1 is normally the same as the index path.
+my $svnPropertyStartRegEx = qr#^(Modified|Name|Added|Deleted): ([^\r\n]+)#; # $2 is the name of the property.
+my $svnPropertyValueStartRegEx = qr#^   (\+|-) ([^\r\n]+)#; # $2 is the start of the property's value (which may span multiple lines).
+
+# This method is for portability. Return the system-appropriate exit
+# status of a child process.
+#
+# Args: pass the child error status returned by the last pipe close,
+#       for example "$?".
+sub exitStatus($)
+{
+    my ($returnvalue) = @_;
+    if ($^O eq "MSWin32") {
+        return $returnvalue >> 8;
+    }
+    return WEXITSTATUS($returnvalue);
+}
+
+# Call a function while suppressing STDERR, and return the return values
+# as an array.
+sub callSilently($@) {
+    my ($func, @args) = @_;
+
+    # The following pattern was taken from here:
+    #   http://www.sdsc.edu/~moreland/courses/IntroPerl/docs/manual/pod/perlfunc/open.html
+    #
+    # Also see this Perl documentation (search for "open OLDERR"):
+    #   http://perldoc.perl.org/functions/open.html
+    open(OLDERR, ">&STDERR");
+    close(STDERR);
+    my @returnValue = &$func(@args);
+    open(STDERR, ">&OLDERR");
+    close(OLDERR);
+
+    return @returnValue;
+}
+
+# Note, this method will not error if the file corresponding to the path does not exist.
+sub scmToggleExecutableBit
+{
+    my ($path, $executableBitDelta) = @_;
+    return if ! -e $path;
+    if ($executableBitDelta == 1) {
+        scmAddExecutableBit($path);
+    } elsif ($executableBitDelta == -1) {
+        scmRemoveExecutableBit($path);
+    }
+}
+
+sub scmAddExecutableBit($)
+{
+    my ($path) = @_;
+
+    if (isSVN()) {
+        system("svn", "propset", "svn:executable", "on", $path) == 0 or die "Failed to run 'svn propset svn:executable on $path'.";
+    } elsif (isGit()) {
+        chmod(0755, $path);
+    }
+}
+
+sub scmRemoveExecutableBit($)
+{
+    my ($path) = @_;
+
+    if (isSVN()) {
+        system("svn", "propdel", "svn:executable", $path) == 0 or die "Failed to run 'svn propdel svn:executable $path'.";
+    } elsif (isGit()) {
+        chmod(0664, $path);
+    }
+}
+
+sub isGitDirectory($)
+{
+    my ($dir) = @_;
+    return system("cd $dir && git rev-parse > " . File::Spec->devnull() . " 2>&1") == 0;
+}
+
+sub isGit()
+{
+    return $isGit if defined $isGit;
+
+    $isGit = isGitDirectory(".");
+    return $isGit;
+}
+
+sub gitBranch()
+{
+    unless (defined $gitBranch) {
+        chomp($gitBranch = `git symbolic-ref -q HEAD`);
+        $gitBranch = "" if exitStatus($?);
+        $gitBranch =~ s#^refs/heads/##;
+        $gitBranch = "" if $gitBranch eq "master";
+    }
+
+    return $gitBranch;
+}
+
+sub isGitBranchBuild()
+{
+    my $branch = gitBranch();
+    chomp(my $override = `git config --bool branch.$branch.webKitBranchBuild`);
+    return 1 if $override eq "true";
+    return 0 if $override eq "false";
+
+    unless (defined $isGitBranchBuild) {
+        chomp(my $gitBranchBuild = `git config --bool core.webKitBranchBuild`);
+        $isGitBranchBuild = $gitBranchBuild eq "true";
+    }
+
+    return $isGitBranchBuild;
+}
+
+sub isSVNDirectory($)
+{
+    my ($dir) = @_;
+
+    return -d File::Spec->catdir($dir, ".svn");
+}
+
+sub isSVN()
+{
+    return $isSVN if defined $isSVN;
+
+    $isSVN = isSVNDirectory(".");
+    return $isSVN;
+}
+
+sub svnVersion()
+{
+    return $svnVersion if defined $svnVersion;
+
+    if (!isSVN()) {
+        $svnVersion = 0;
+    } else {
+        chomp($svnVersion = `svn --version --quiet`);
+    }
+    return $svnVersion;
+}
+
+sub isSVNVersion16OrNewer()
+{
+    my $version = svnVersion();
+    return eval "v$version" ge v1.6;
+}
+
+sub chdirReturningRelativePath($)
+{
+    my ($directory) = @_;
+    my $previousDirectory = Cwd::getcwd();
+    chdir $directory;
+    my $newDirectory = Cwd::getcwd();
+    return "." if $newDirectory eq $previousDirectory;
+    return File::Spec->abs2rel($previousDirectory, $newDirectory);
+}
+
+sub determineGitRoot()
+{
+    chomp(my $gitDir = `git rev-parse --git-dir`);
+    return dirname($gitDir);
+}
+
+sub determineSVNRoot()
+{
+    my $last = '';
+    my $path = '.';
+    my $parent = '..';
+    my $repositoryRoot;
+    my $repositoryUUID;
+    while (1) {
+        my $thisRoot;
+        my $thisUUID;
+        # Ignore error messages in case we've run past the root of the checkout.
+        open INFO, "svn info '$path' 2> " . File::Spec->devnull() . " |" or die;
+        while (<INFO>) {
+            if (/^Repository Root: (.+)/) {
+                $thisRoot = $1;
+            }
+            if (/^Repository UUID: (.+)/) {
+                $thisUUID = $1;
+            }
+            if ($thisRoot && $thisUUID) {
+                local $/ = undef;
+                <INFO>; # Consume the rest of the input.
+            }
+        }
+        close INFO;
+
+        # It's possible (e.g. for developers of some ports) to have a WebKit
+        # checkout in a subdirectory of another checkout.  So abort if the
+        # repository root or the repository UUID suddenly changes.
+        last if !$thisUUID;
+        $repositoryUUID = $thisUUID if !$repositoryUUID;
+        last if $thisUUID ne $repositoryUUID;
+
+        last if !$thisRoot;
+        $repositoryRoot = $thisRoot if !$repositoryRoot;
+        last if $thisRoot ne $repositoryRoot;
+
+        $last = $path;
+        $path = File::Spec->catdir($parent, $path);
+    }
+
+    return File::Spec->rel2abs($last);
+}
+
+sub determineVCSRoot()
+{
+    if (isGit()) {
+        return determineGitRoot();
+    }
+
+    if (!isSVN()) {
+        # Some users have a workflow where svn-create-patch, svn-apply and
+        # svn-unapply are used outside of multiple svn working directores,
+        # so warn the user and assume Subversion is being used in this case.
+        warn "Unable to determine VCS root; assuming Subversion";
+        $isSVN = 1;
+    }
+
+    return determineSVNRoot();
+}
+
+sub svnRevisionForDirectory($)
+{
+    my ($dir) = @_;
+    my $revision;
+
+    if (isSVNDirectory($dir)) {
+        my $svnInfo = `LC_ALL=C svn info $dir | grep Revision:`;
+        ($revision) = ($svnInfo =~ m/Revision: (\d+).*/g);
+    } elsif (isGitDirectory($dir)) {
+        my $gitLog = `cd $dir && LC_ALL=C git log --grep='git-svn-id: ' -n 1 | grep git-svn-id:`;
+        ($revision) = ($gitLog =~ m/ +git-svn-id: .+@(\d+) /g);
+    }
+    die "Unable to determine current SVN revision in $dir" unless (defined $revision);
+    return $revision;
+}
+
+sub pathRelativeToSVNRepositoryRootForPath($)
+{
+    my ($file) = @_;
+    my $relativePath = File::Spec->abs2rel($file);
+
+    my $svnInfo;
+    if (isSVN()) {
+        $svnInfo = `LC_ALL=C svn info $relativePath`;
+    } elsif (isGit()) {
+        $svnInfo = `LC_ALL=C git svn info $relativePath`;
+    }
+
+    $svnInfo =~ /.*^URL: (.*?)$/m;
+    my $svnURL = $1;
+
+    $svnInfo =~ /.*^Repository Root: (.*?)$/m;
+    my $repositoryRoot = $1;
+
+    $svnURL =~ s/$repositoryRoot\///;
+    return $svnURL;
+}
+
+sub makeFilePathRelative($)
+{
+    my ($path) = @_;
+    return $path unless isGit();
+
+    unless (defined $gitRoot) {
+        chomp($gitRoot = `git rev-parse --show-cdup`);
+    }
+    return $gitRoot . $path;
+}
+
+sub normalizePath($)
+{
+    my ($path) = @_;
+    $path =~ s/\\/\//g;
+    return $path;
+}
+
+sub canonicalizePath($)
+{
+    my ($file) = @_;
+
+    # Remove extra slashes and '.' directories in path
+    $file = File::Spec->canonpath($file);
+
+    # Remove '..' directories in path
+    my @dirs = ();
+    foreach my $dir (File::Spec->splitdir($file)) {
+        if ($dir eq '..' && $#dirs >= 0 && $dirs[$#dirs] ne '..') {
+            pop(@dirs);
+        } else {
+            push(@dirs, $dir);
+        }
+    }
+    return ($#dirs >= 0) ? File::Spec->catdir(@dirs) : ".";
+}
+
+sub removeEOL($)
+{
+    my ($line) = @_;
+
+    $line =~ s/[\r\n]+$//g;
+    return $line;
+}
+
+sub svnStatus($)
+{
+    my ($fullPath) = @_;
+    my $svnStatus;
+    open SVN, "svn status --non-interactive --non-recursive '$fullPath' |" or die;
+    if (-d $fullPath) {
+        # When running "svn stat" on a directory, we can't assume that only one
+        # status will be returned (since any files with a status below the
+        # directory will be returned), and we can't assume that the directory will
+        # be first (since any files with unknown status will be listed first).
+        my $normalizedFullPath = File::Spec->catdir(File::Spec->splitdir($fullPath));
+        while (<SVN>) {
+            # Input may use a different EOL sequence than $/, so avoid chomp.
+            $_ = removeEOL($_);
+            my $normalizedStatPath = File::Spec->catdir(File::Spec->splitdir(substr($_, 7)));
+            if ($normalizedFullPath eq $normalizedStatPath) {
+                $svnStatus = "$_\n";
+                last;
+            }
+        }
+        # Read the rest of the svn command output to avoid a broken pipe warning.
+        local $/ = undef;
+        <SVN>;
+    }
+    else {
+        # Files will have only one status returned.
+        $svnStatus = removeEOL(<SVN>) . "\n";
+    }
+    close SVN;
+    return $svnStatus;
+}
+
+# Return whether the given file mode is executable in the source control
+# sense.  We make this determination based on whether the executable bit
+# is set for "others" rather than the stronger condition that it be set
+# for the user, group, and others.  This is sufficient for distinguishing
+# the default behavior in Git and SVN.
+#
+# Args:
+#   $fileMode: A number or string representing a file mode in octal notation.
+sub isExecutable($)
+{
+    my $fileMode = shift;
+
+    return $fileMode % 2;
+}
+
+# Parse the next Git diff header from the given file handle, and advance
+# the handle so the last line read is the first line after the header.
+#
+# This subroutine dies if given leading junk.
+#
+# Args:
+#   $fileHandle: advanced so the last line read from the handle is the first
+#                line of the header to parse.  This should be a line
+#                beginning with "diff --git".
+#   $line: the line last read from $fileHandle
+#
+# Returns ($headerHashRef, $lastReadLine):
+#   $headerHashRef: a hash reference representing a diff header, as follows--
+#     copiedFromPath: the path from which the file was copied or moved if
+#                     the diff is a copy or move.
+#     executableBitDelta: the value 1 or -1 if the executable bit was added or
+#                         removed, respectively.  New and deleted files have
+#                         this value only if the file is executable, in which
+#                         case the value is 1 and -1, respectively.
+#     indexPath: the path of the target file.
+#     isBinary: the value 1 if the diff is for a binary file.
+#     isDeletion: the value 1 if the diff is a file deletion.
+#     isCopyWithChanges: the value 1 if the file was copied or moved and
+#                        the target file was changed in some way after being
+#                        copied or moved (e.g. if its contents or executable
+#                        bit were changed).
+#     isNew: the value 1 if the diff is for a new file.
+#     shouldDeleteSource: the value 1 if the file was copied or moved and
+#                         the source file was deleted -- i.e. if the copy
+#                         was actually a move.
+#     svnConvertedText: the header text with some lines converted to SVN
+#                       format.  Git-specific lines are preserved.
+#   $lastReadLine: the line last read from $fileHandle.
+sub parseGitDiffHeader($$)
+{
+    my ($fileHandle, $line) = @_;
+
+    $_ = $line;
+
+    my $indexPath;
+    if (/$gitDiffStartRegEx/) {
+        # The first and second paths can differ in the case of copies
+        # and renames.  We use the second file path because it is the
+        # destination path.
+        $indexPath = $4;
+        # Use $POSTMATCH to preserve the end-of-line character.
+        $_ = "Index: $indexPath$POSTMATCH"; # Convert to SVN format.
+    } else {
+        die("Could not parse leading \"diff --git\" line: \"$line\".");
+    }
+
+    my $copiedFromPath;
+    my $foundHeaderEnding;
+    my $isBinary;
+    my $isDeletion;
+    my $isNew;
+    my $newExecutableBit = 0;
+    my $oldExecutableBit = 0;
+    my $shouldDeleteSource = 0;
+    my $similarityIndex = 0;
+    my $svnConvertedText;
+    while (1) {
+        # Temporarily strip off any end-of-line characters to simplify
+        # regex matching below.
+        s/([\n\r]+)$//;
+        my $eol = $1;
+
+        if (/^(deleted file|old) mode (\d+)/) {
+            $oldExecutableBit = (isExecutable($2) ? 1 : 0);
+            $isDeletion = 1 if $1 eq "deleted file";
+        } elsif (/^new( file)? mode (\d+)/) {
+            $newExecutableBit = (isExecutable($2) ? 1 : 0);
+            $isNew = 1 if $1;
+        } elsif (/^similarity index (\d+)%/) {
+            $similarityIndex = $1;
+        } elsif (/^copy from (\S+)/) {
+            $copiedFromPath = $1;
+        } elsif (/^rename from (\S+)/) {
+            # FIXME: Record this as a move rather than as a copy-and-delete.
+            #        This will simplify adding rename support to svn-unapply.
+            #        Otherwise, the hash for a deletion would have to know
+            #        everything about the file being deleted in order to
+            #        support undoing itself.  Recording as a move will also
+            #        permit us to use "svn move" and "git move".
+            $copiedFromPath = $1;
+            $shouldDeleteSource = 1;
+        } elsif (/^--- \S+/) {
+            $_ = "--- $indexPath"; # Convert to SVN format.
+        } elsif (/^\+\+\+ \S+/) {
+            $_ = "+++ $indexPath"; # Convert to SVN format.
+            $foundHeaderEnding = 1;
+        } elsif (/^GIT binary patch$/ ) {
+            $isBinary = 1;
+            $foundHeaderEnding = 1;
+        # The "git diff" command includes a line of the form "Binary files
+        # <path1> and <path2> differ" if the --binary flag is not used.
+        } elsif (/^Binary files / ) {
+            die("Error: the Git diff contains a binary file without the binary data in ".
+                "line: \"$_\".  Be sure to use the --binary flag when invoking \"git diff\" ".
+                "with diffs containing binary files.");
+        }
+
+        $svnConvertedText .= "$_$eol"; # Also restore end-of-line characters.
+
+        $_ = <$fileHandle>; # Not defined if end-of-file reached.
+
+        last if (!defined($_) || /$gitDiffStartRegEx/ || $foundHeaderEnding);
+    }
+
+    my $executableBitDelta = $newExecutableBit - $oldExecutableBit;
+
+    my %header;
+
+    $header{copiedFromPath} = $copiedFromPath if $copiedFromPath;
+    $header{executableBitDelta} = $executableBitDelta if $executableBitDelta;
+    $header{indexPath} = $indexPath;
+    $header{isBinary} = $isBinary if $isBinary;
+    $header{isCopyWithChanges} = 1 if ($copiedFromPath && ($similarityIndex != 100 || $executableBitDelta));
+    $header{isDeletion} = $isDeletion if $isDeletion;
+    $header{isNew} = $isNew if $isNew;
+    $header{shouldDeleteSource} = $shouldDeleteSource if $shouldDeleteSource;
+    $header{svnConvertedText} = $svnConvertedText;
+
+    return (\%header, $_);
+}
+
+# Parse the next SVN diff header from the given file handle, and advance
+# the handle so the last line read is the first line after the header.
+#
+# This subroutine dies if given leading junk or if it could not detect
+# the end of the header block.
+#
+# Args:
+#   $fileHandle: advanced so the last line read from the handle is the first
+#                line of the header to parse.  This should be a line
+#                beginning with "Index:".
+#   $line: the line last read from $fileHandle
+#
+# Returns ($headerHashRef, $lastReadLine):
+#   $headerHashRef: a hash reference representing a diff header, as follows--
+#     copiedFromPath: the path from which the file was copied if the diff
+#                     is a copy.
+#     indexPath: the path of the target file, which is the path found in
+#                the "Index:" line.
+#     isBinary: the value 1 if the diff is for a binary file.
+#     isNew: the value 1 if the diff is for a new file.
+#     sourceRevision: the revision number of the source, if it exists.  This
+#                     is the same as the revision number the file was copied
+#                     from, in the case of a file copy.
+#     svnConvertedText: the header text converted to a header with the paths
+#                       in some lines corrected.
+#   $lastReadLine: the line last read from $fileHandle.
+sub parseSvnDiffHeader($$)
+{
+    my ($fileHandle, $line) = @_;
+
+    $_ = $line;
+
+    my $indexPath;
+    if (/$svnDiffStartRegEx/) {
+        $indexPath = $1;
+    } else {
+        die("First line of SVN diff does not begin with \"Index \": \"$_\"");
+    }
+
+    my $copiedFromPath;
+    my $foundHeaderEnding;
+    my $isBinary;
+    my $isNew;
+    my $sourceRevision;
+    my $svnConvertedText;
+    while (1) {
+        # Temporarily strip off any end-of-line characters to simplify
+        # regex matching below.
+        s/([\n\r]+)$//;
+        my $eol = $1;
+
+        # Fix paths on ""---" and "+++" lines to match the leading
+        # index line.
+        if (s/^--- \S+/--- $indexPath/) {
+            # ---
+            if (/^--- .+\(revision (\d+)\)/) {
+                $sourceRevision = $1;
+                $isNew = 1 if !$sourceRevision; # if revision 0.
+                if (/\(from (\S+):(\d+)\)$/) {
+                    # The "from" clause is created by svn-create-patch, in
+                    # which case there is always also a "revision" clause.
+                    $copiedFromPath = $1;
+                    die("Revision number \"$2\" in \"from\" clause does not match " .
+                        "source revision number \"$sourceRevision\".") if ($2 != $sourceRevision);
+                }
+            }
+        } elsif (s/^\+\+\+ \S+/+++ $indexPath/) {
+            $foundHeaderEnding = 1;
+        } elsif (/^Cannot display: file marked as a binary type.$/) {
+            $isBinary = 1;
+            $foundHeaderEnding = 1;
+        }
+
+        $svnConvertedText .= "$_$eol"; # Also restore end-of-line characters.
+
+        $_ = <$fileHandle>; # Not defined if end-of-file reached.
+
+        last if (!defined($_) || /$svnDiffStartRegEx/ || $foundHeaderEnding);
+    }
+
+    if (!$foundHeaderEnding) {
+        die("Did not find end of header block corresponding to index path \"$indexPath\".");
+    }
+
+    my %header;
+
+    $header{copiedFromPath} = $copiedFromPath if $copiedFromPath;
+    $header{indexPath} = $indexPath;
+    $header{isBinary} = $isBinary if $isBinary;
+    $header{isNew} = $isNew if $isNew;
+    $header{sourceRevision} = $sourceRevision if $sourceRevision;
+    $header{svnConvertedText} = $svnConvertedText;
+
+    return (\%header, $_);
+}
+
+# Parse the next diff header from the given file handle, and advance
+# the handle so the last line read is the first line after the header.
+#
+# This subroutine dies if given leading junk or if it could not detect
+# the end of the header block.
+#
+# Args:
+#   $fileHandle: advanced so the last line read from the handle is the first
+#                line of the header to parse.  For SVN-formatted diffs, this
+#                is a line beginning with "Index:".  For Git, this is a line
+#                beginning with "diff --git".
+#   $line: the line last read from $fileHandle
+#
+# Returns ($headerHashRef, $lastReadLine):
+#   $headerHashRef: a hash reference representing a diff header
+#     copiedFromPath: the path from which the file was copied if the diff
+#                     is a copy.
+#     executableBitDelta: the value 1 or -1 if the executable bit was added or
+#                         removed, respectively.  New and deleted files have
+#                         this value only if the file is executable, in which
+#                         case the value is 1 and -1, respectively.
+#     indexPath: the path of the target file.
+#     isBinary: the value 1 if the diff is for a binary file.
+#     isGit: the value 1 if the diff is Git-formatted.
+#     isSvn: the value 1 if the diff is SVN-formatted.
+#     sourceRevision: the revision number of the source, if it exists.  This
+#                     is the same as the revision number the file was copied
+#                     from, in the case of a file copy.
+#     svnConvertedText: the header text with some lines converted to SVN
+#                       format.  Git-specific lines are preserved.
+#   $lastReadLine: the line last read from $fileHandle.
+sub parseDiffHeader($$)
+{
+    my ($fileHandle, $line) = @_;
+
+    my $header;  # This is a hash ref.
+    my $isGit;
+    my $isSvn;
+    my $lastReadLine;
+
+    if ($line =~ $svnDiffStartRegEx) {
+        $isSvn = 1;
+        ($header, $lastReadLine) = parseSvnDiffHeader($fileHandle, $line);
+    } elsif ($line =~ $gitDiffStartRegEx) {
+        $isGit = 1;
+        ($header, $lastReadLine) = parseGitDiffHeader($fileHandle, $line);
+    } else {
+        die("First line of diff does not begin with \"Index:\" or \"diff --git\": \"$line\"");
+    }
+
+    $header->{isGit} = $isGit if $isGit;
+    $header->{isSvn} = $isSvn if $isSvn;
+
+    return ($header, $lastReadLine);
+}
+
+# FIXME: The %diffHash "object" should not have an svnConvertedText property.
+#        Instead, the hash object should store its information in a
+#        structured way as properties.  This should be done in a way so
+#        that, if necessary, the text of an SVN or Git patch can be
+#        reconstructed from the information in those hash properties.
+#
+# A %diffHash is a hash representing a source control diff of a single
+# file operation (e.g. a file modification, copy, or delete).
+#
+# These hashes appear, for example, in the parseDiff(), parsePatch(),
+# and prepareParsedPatch() subroutines of this package.
+#
+# The corresponding values are--
+#
+#   copiedFromPath: the path from which the file was copied if the diff
+#                   is a copy.
+#   executableBitDelta: the value 1 or -1 if the executable bit was added or
+#                       removed from the target file, respectively.
+#   indexPath: the path of the target file.  For SVN-formatted diffs,
+#              this is the same as the path in the "Index:" line.
+#   isBinary: the value 1 if the diff is for a binary file.
+#   isDeletion: the value 1 if the diff is known from the header to be a deletion.
+#   isGit: the value 1 if the diff is Git-formatted.
+#   isNew: the value 1 if the dif is known from the header to be a new file.
+#   isSvn: the value 1 if the diff is SVN-formatted.
+#   sourceRevision: the revision number of the source, if it exists.  This
+#                   is the same as the revision number the file was copied
+#                   from, in the case of a file copy.
+#   svnConvertedText: the diff with some lines converted to SVN format.
+#                     Git-specific lines are preserved.
+
+# Parse one diff from a patch file created by svn-create-patch, and
+# advance the file handle so the last line read is the first line
+# of the next header block.
+#
+# This subroutine preserves any leading junk encountered before the header.
+#
+# Composition of an SVN diff
+#
+# There are three parts to an SVN diff: the header, the property change, and
+# the binary contents, in that order. Either the header or the property change
+# may be ommitted, but not both. If there are binary changes, then you always
+# have all three.
+#
+# Args:
+#   $fileHandle: a file handle advanced to the first line of the next
+#                header block. Leading junk is okay.
+#   $line: the line last read from $fileHandle.
+#
+# Returns ($diffHashRefs, $lastReadLine):
+#   $diffHashRefs: A reference to an array of references to %diffHash hashes.
+#                  See the %diffHash documentation above.
+#   $lastReadLine: the line last read from $fileHandle
+sub parseDiff($$)
+{
+    # FIXME: Adjust this method so that it dies if the first line does not
+    #        match the start of a diff.  This will require a change to
+    #        parsePatch() so that parsePatch() skips over leading junk.
+    my ($fileHandle, $line) = @_;
+
+    my $headerStartRegEx = $svnDiffStartRegEx; # SVN-style header for the default
+
+    my $headerHashRef; # Last header found, as returned by parseDiffHeader().
+    my $svnPropertiesHashRef; # Last SVN properties diff found, as returned by parseSvnDiffProperties().
+    my $svnText;
+    while (defined($line)) {
+        if (!$headerHashRef && ($line =~ $gitDiffStartRegEx)) {
+            # Then assume all diffs in the patch are Git-formatted. This
+            # block was made to be enterable at most once since we assume
+            # all diffs in the patch are formatted the same (SVN or Git).
+            $headerStartRegEx = $gitDiffStartRegEx;
+        }
+
+        if ($line =~ $svnPropertiesStartRegEx) {
+            my $propertyPath = $1;
+            if ($svnPropertiesHashRef || $headerHashRef && ($propertyPath ne $headerHashRef->{indexPath})) {
+                # This is the start of the second diff in the while loop, which happens to
+                # be a property diff.  If $svnPropertiesHasRef is defined, then this is the
+                # second consecutive property diff, otherwise it's the start of a property
+                # diff for a file that only has property changes.
+                last;
+            }
+            ($svnPropertiesHashRef, $line) = parseSvnDiffProperties($fileHandle, $line);
+            next;
+        }
+        if ($line !~ $headerStartRegEx) {
+            # Then we are in the body of the diff.
+            $svnText .= $line;
+            $line = <$fileHandle>;
+            next;
+        } # Otherwise, we found a diff header.
+
+        if ($svnPropertiesHashRef || $headerHashRef) {
+            # Then either we just processed an SVN property change or this
+            # is the start of the second diff header of this while loop.
+            last;
+        }
+
+        ($headerHashRef, $line) = parseDiffHeader($fileHandle, $line);
+
+        $svnText .= $headerHashRef->{svnConvertedText};
+    }
+
+    my @diffHashRefs;
+
+    if ($headerHashRef->{shouldDeleteSource}) {
+        my %deletionHash;
+        $deletionHash{indexPath} = $headerHashRef->{copiedFromPath};
+        $deletionHash{isDeletion} = 1;
+        push @diffHashRefs, \%deletionHash;
+    }
+    if ($headerHashRef->{copiedFromPath}) {
+        my %copyHash;
+        $copyHash{copiedFromPath} = $headerHashRef->{copiedFromPath};
+        $copyHash{indexPath} = $headerHashRef->{indexPath};
+        $copyHash{sourceRevision} = $headerHashRef->{sourceRevision} if $headerHashRef->{sourceRevision};
+        if ($headerHashRef->{isSvn}) {
+            $copyHash{executableBitDelta} = $svnPropertiesHashRef->{executableBitDelta} if $svnPropertiesHashRef->{executableBitDelta};
+        }
+        push @diffHashRefs, \%copyHash;
+    }
+
+    # Note, the order of evaluation for the following if conditional has been explicitly chosen so that
+    # it evaluates to false when there is no headerHashRef (e.g. a property change diff for a file that
+    # only has property changes).
+    if ($headerHashRef->{isCopyWithChanges} || (%$headerHashRef && !$headerHashRef->{copiedFromPath})) {
+        # Then add the usual file modification.
+        my %diffHash;
+        # FIXME: We should expand this code to support other properties.  In the future,
+        #        parseSvnDiffProperties may return a hash whose keys are the properties.
+        if ($headerHashRef->{isSvn}) {
+            # SVN records the change to the executable bit in a separate property change diff
+            # that follows the contents of the diff, except for binary diffs.  For binary
+            # diffs, the property change diff follows the diff header.
+            $diffHash{executableBitDelta} = $svnPropertiesHashRef->{executableBitDelta} if $svnPropertiesHashRef->{executableBitDelta};
+        } elsif ($headerHashRef->{isGit}) {
+            # Git records the change to the executable bit in the header of a diff.
+            $diffHash{executableBitDelta} = $headerHashRef->{executableBitDelta} if $headerHashRef->{executableBitDelta};
+        }
+        $diffHash{indexPath} = $headerHashRef->{indexPath};
+        $diffHash{isBinary} = $headerHashRef->{isBinary} if $headerHashRef->{isBinary};
+        $diffHash{isDeletion} = $headerHashRef->{isDeletion} if $headerHashRef->{isDeletion};
+        $diffHash{isGit} = $headerHashRef->{isGit} if $headerHashRef->{isGit};
+        $diffHash{isNew} = $headerHashRef->{isNew} if $headerHashRef->{isNew};
+        $diffHash{isSvn} = $headerHashRef->{isSvn} if $headerHashRef->{isSvn};
+        if (!$headerHashRef->{copiedFromPath}) {
+            # If the file was copied, then we have already incorporated the
+            # sourceRevision information into the change.
+            $diffHash{sourceRevision} = $headerHashRef->{sourceRevision} if $headerHashRef->{sourceRevision};
+        }
+        # FIXME: Remove the need for svnConvertedText.  See the %diffHash
+        #        code comments above for more information.
+        #
+        # Note, we may not always have SVN converted text since we intend
+        # to deprecate it in the future.  For example, a property change
+        # diff for a file that only has property changes will not return
+        # any SVN converted text.
+        $diffHash{svnConvertedText} = $svnText if $svnText;
+        push @diffHashRefs, \%diffHash;
+    }
+
+    if (!%$headerHashRef && $svnPropertiesHashRef) {
+        # A property change diff for a file that only has property changes.
+        my %propertyChangeHash;
+        $propertyChangeHash{executableBitDelta} = $svnPropertiesHashRef->{executableBitDelta} if $svnPropertiesHashRef->{executableBitDelta};
+        $propertyChangeHash{indexPath} = $svnPropertiesHashRef->{propertyPath};
+        $propertyChangeHash{isSvn} = 1;
+        push @diffHashRefs, \%propertyChangeHash;
+    }
+
+    return (\@diffHashRefs, $line);
+}
+
+# Parse an SVN property change diff from the given file handle, and advance
+# the handle so the last line read is the first line after this diff.
+#
+# For the case of an SVN binary diff, the binary contents will follow the
+# the property changes.
+#
+# This subroutine dies if the first line does not begin with "Property changes on"
+# or if the separator line that follows this line is missing.
+#
+# Args:
+#   $fileHandle: advanced so the last line read from the handle is the first
+#                line of the footer to parse.  This line begins with
+#                "Property changes on".
+#   $line: the line last read from $fileHandle.
+#
+# Returns ($propertyHashRef, $lastReadLine):
+#   $propertyHashRef: a hash reference representing an SVN diff footer.
+#     propertyPath: the path of the target file.
+#     executableBitDelta: the value 1 or -1 if the executable bit was added or
+#                         removed from the target file, respectively.
+#   $lastReadLine: the line last read from $fileHandle.
+sub parseSvnDiffProperties($$)
+{
+    my ($fileHandle, $line) = @_;
+
+    $_ = $line;
+
+    my %footer;
+    if (/$svnPropertiesStartRegEx/) {
+        $footer{propertyPath} = $1;
+    } else {
+        die("Failed to find start of SVN property change, \"Property changes on \": \"$_\"");
+    }
+
+    # We advance $fileHandle two lines so that the next line that
+    # we process is $svnPropertyStartRegEx in a well-formed footer.
+    # A well-formed footer has the form:
+    # Property changes on: FileA
+    # ___________________________________________________________________
+    # Added: svn:executable
+    #    + *
+    $_ = <$fileHandle>; # Not defined if end-of-file reached.
+    my $separator = "_" x 67;
+    if (defined($_) && /^$separator[\r\n]+$/) {
+        $_ = <$fileHandle>;
+    } else {
+        die("Failed to find separator line: \"$_\".");
+    }
+
+    # FIXME: We should expand this to support other SVN properties
+    #        (e.g. return a hash of property key-values that represents
+    #        all properties).
+    #
+    # Notice, we keep processing until we hit end-of-file or some
+    # line that does not resemble $svnPropertyStartRegEx, such as
+    # the empty line that precedes the start of the binary contents
+    # of a patch, or the start of the next diff (e.g. "Index:").
+    my $propertyHashRef;
+    while (defined($_) && /$svnPropertyStartRegEx/) {
+        ($propertyHashRef, $_) = parseSvnProperty($fileHandle, $_);
+        if ($propertyHashRef->{name} eq "svn:executable") {
+            # Notice, for SVN properties, propertyChangeDelta is always non-zero
+            # because a property can only be added or removed.
+            $footer{executableBitDelta} = $propertyHashRef->{propertyChangeDelta};   
+        }
+    }
+
+    return(\%footer, $_);
+}
+
+# Parse the next SVN property from the given file handle, and advance the handle so the last
+# line read is the first line after the property.
+#
+# This subroutine dies if the first line is not a valid start of an SVN property,
+# or the property is missing a value, or the property change type (e.g. "Added")
+# does not correspond to the property value type (e.g. "+").
+#
+# Args:
+#   $fileHandle: advanced so the last line read from the handle is the first
+#                line of the property to parse.  This should be a line
+#                that matches $svnPropertyStartRegEx.
+#   $line: the line last read from $fileHandle.
+#
+# Returns ($propertyHashRef, $lastReadLine):
+#   $propertyHashRef: a hash reference representing a SVN property.
+#     name: the name of the property.
+#     value: the last property value.  For instance, suppose the property is "Modified".
+#            Then it has both a '-' and '+' property value in that order.  Therefore,
+#            the value of this key is the value of the '+' property by ordering (since
+#            it is the last value).
+#     propertyChangeDelta: the value 1 or -1 if the property was added or
+#                          removed, respectively.
+#   $lastReadLine: the line last read from $fileHandle.
+sub parseSvnProperty($$)
+{
+    my ($fileHandle, $line) = @_;
+
+    $_ = $line;
+
+    my $propertyName;
+    my $propertyChangeType;
+    if (/$svnPropertyStartRegEx/) {
+        $propertyChangeType = $1;
+        $propertyName = $2;
+    } else {
+        die("Failed to find SVN property: \"$_\".");
+    }
+
+    $_ = <$fileHandle>; # Not defined if end-of-file reached.
+
+    # The "svn diff" command neither inserts newline characters between property values
+    # nor between successive properties.
+    #
+    # FIXME: We do not support property values that contain tailing newline characters
+    #        as it is difficult to disambiguate these trailing newlines from the empty
+    #        line that precedes the contents of a binary patch.
+    my $propertyValue;
+    my $propertyValueType;
+    while (defined($_) && /$svnPropertyValueStartRegEx/) {
+        # Note, a '-' property may be followed by a '+' property in the case of a "Modified"
+        # or "Name" property.  We only care about the ending value (i.e. the '+' property)
+        # in such circumstances.  So, we take the property value for the property to be its
+        # last parsed property value.
+        #
+        # FIXME: We may want to consider strictly enforcing a '-', '+' property ordering or
+        #        add error checking to prevent '+', '+', ..., '+' and other invalid combinations.
+        $propertyValueType = $1;
+        ($propertyValue, $_) = parseSvnPropertyValue($fileHandle, $_);
+    }
+
+    if (!$propertyValue) {
+        die("Failed to find the property value for the SVN property \"$propertyName\": \"$_\".");
+    }
+
+    my $propertyChangeDelta;
+    if ($propertyValueType eq '+') {
+        $propertyChangeDelta = 1;
+    } elsif ($propertyValueType eq '-') {
+        $propertyChangeDelta = -1;
+    } else {
+        die("Not reached.");
+    }
+
+    # We perform a simple validation that an "Added" or "Deleted" property
+    # change type corresponds with a "+" and "-" value type, respectively.
+    my $expectedChangeDelta;
+    if ($propertyChangeType eq "Added") {
+        $expectedChangeDelta = 1;
+    } elsif ($propertyChangeType eq "Deleted") {
+        $expectedChangeDelta = -1;
+    }
+
+    if ($expectedChangeDelta && $propertyChangeDelta != $expectedChangeDelta) {
+        die("The final property value type found \"$propertyValueType\" does not " .
+            "correspond to the property change type found \"$propertyChangeType\".");
+    }
+
+    my %propertyHash;
+    $propertyHash{name} = $propertyName;
+    $propertyHash{propertyChangeDelta} = $propertyChangeDelta;
+    $propertyHash{value} = $propertyValue;
+    return (\%propertyHash, $_);
+}
+
+# Parse the value of an SVN property from the given file handle, and advance
+# the handle so the last line read is the first line after the property value.
+#
+# This subroutine dies if the first line is an invalid SVN property value line
+# (i.e. a line that does not begin with "   +" or "   -").
+#
+# Args:
+#   $fileHandle: advanced so the last line read from the handle is the first
+#                line of the property value to parse.  This should be a line
+#                beginning with "   +" or "   -".
+#   $line: the line last read from $fileHandle.
+#
+# Returns ($propertyValue, $lastReadLine):
+#   $propertyValue: the value of the property.
+#   $lastReadLine: the line last read from $fileHandle.
+sub parseSvnPropertyValue($$)
+{
+    my ($fileHandle, $line) = @_;
+
+    $_ = $line;
+
+    my $propertyValue;
+    my $eol;
+    if (/$svnPropertyValueStartRegEx/) {
+        $propertyValue = $2; # Does not include the end-of-line character(s).
+        $eol = $POSTMATCH;
+    } else {
+        die("Failed to find property value beginning with '+' or '-': \"$_\".");
+    }
+
+    while (<$fileHandle>) {
+        if (/^$/ || /$svnPropertyValueStartRegEx/ || /$svnPropertyStartRegEx/) {
+            # Note, we may encounter an empty line before the contents of a binary patch.
+            # Also, we check for $svnPropertyValueStartRegEx because a '-' property may be
+            # followed by a '+' property in the case of a "Modified" or "Name" property.
+            # We check for $svnPropertyStartRegEx because it indicates the start of the
+            # next property to parse.
+            last;
+        }
+
+        # Temporarily strip off any end-of-line characters. We add the end-of-line characters
+        # from the previously processed line to the start of this line so that the last line
+        # of the property value does not end in end-of-line characters.
+        s/([\n\r]+)$//;
+        $propertyValue .= "$eol$_";
+        $eol = $1;
+    }
+
+    return ($propertyValue, $_);
+}
+
+# Parse a patch file created by svn-create-patch.
+#
+# Args:
+#   $fileHandle: A file handle to the patch file that has not yet been
+#                read from.
+#
+# Returns:
+#   @diffHashRefs: an array of diff hash references.
+#                  See the %diffHash documentation above.
+sub parsePatch($)
+{
+    my ($fileHandle) = @_;
+
+    my $newDiffHashRefs;
+    my @diffHashRefs; # return value
+
+    my $line = <$fileHandle>;
+
+    while (defined($line)) { # Otherwise, at EOF.
+
+        ($newDiffHashRefs, $line) = parseDiff($fileHandle, $line);
+
+        push @diffHashRefs, @$newDiffHashRefs;
+    }
+
+    return @diffHashRefs;
+}
+
+# Prepare the results of parsePatch() for use in svn-apply and svn-unapply.
+#
+# Args:
+#   $shouldForce: Whether to continue processing if an unexpected
+#                 state occurs.
+#   @diffHashRefs: An array of references to %diffHashes.
+#                  See the %diffHash documentation above.
+#
+# Returns $preparedPatchHashRef:
+#   copyDiffHashRefs: A reference to an array of the $diffHashRefs in
+#                     @diffHashRefs that represent file copies. The original
+#                     ordering is preserved.
+#   nonCopyDiffHashRefs: A reference to an array of the $diffHashRefs in
+#                        @diffHashRefs that do not represent file copies.
+#                        The original ordering is preserved.
+#   sourceRevisionHash: A reference to a hash of source path to source
+#                       revision number.
+sub prepareParsedPatch($@)
+{
+    my ($shouldForce, @diffHashRefs) = @_;
+
+    my %copiedFiles;
+
+    # Return values
+    my @copyDiffHashRefs = ();
+    my @nonCopyDiffHashRefs = ();
+    my %sourceRevisionHash = ();
+    for my $diffHashRef (@diffHashRefs) {
+        my $copiedFromPath = $diffHashRef->{copiedFromPath};
+        my $indexPath = $diffHashRef->{indexPath};
+        my $sourceRevision = $diffHashRef->{sourceRevision};
+        my $sourcePath;
+
+        if (defined($copiedFromPath)) {
+            # Then the diff is a copy operation.
+            $sourcePath = $copiedFromPath;
+
+            # FIXME: Consider printing a warning or exiting if
+            #        exists($copiedFiles{$indexPath}) is true -- i.e. if
+            #        $indexPath appears twice as a copy target.
+            $copiedFiles{$indexPath} = $sourcePath;
+
+            push @copyDiffHashRefs, $diffHashRef;
+        } else {
+            # Then the diff is not a copy operation.
+            $sourcePath = $indexPath;
+
+            push @nonCopyDiffHashRefs, $diffHashRef;
+        }
+
+        if (defined($sourceRevision)) {
+            if (exists($sourceRevisionHash{$sourcePath}) &&
+                ($sourceRevisionHash{$sourcePath} != $sourceRevision)) {
+                if (!$shouldForce) {
+                    die "Two revisions of the same file required as a source:\n".
+                        "    $sourcePath:$sourceRevisionHash{$sourcePath}\n".
+                        "    $sourcePath:$sourceRevision";
+                }
+            }
+            $sourceRevisionHash{$sourcePath} = $sourceRevision;
+        }
+    }
+
+    my %preparedPatchHash;
+
+    $preparedPatchHash{copyDiffHashRefs} = \@copyDiffHashRefs;
+    $preparedPatchHash{nonCopyDiffHashRefs} = \@nonCopyDiffHashRefs;
+    $preparedPatchHash{sourceRevisionHash} = \%sourceRevisionHash;
+
+    return \%preparedPatchHash;
+}
+
+# Return localtime() for the project's time zone, given an integer time as
+# returned by Perl's time() function.
+sub localTimeInProjectTimeZone($)
+{
+    my $epochTime = shift;
+
+    # Change the time zone temporarily for the localtime() call.
+    my $savedTimeZone = $ENV{'TZ'};
+    $ENV{'TZ'} = $changeLogTimeZone;
+    my @localTime = localtime($epochTime);
+    if (defined $savedTimeZone) {
+         $ENV{'TZ'} = $savedTimeZone;
+    } else {
+         delete $ENV{'TZ'};
+    }
+
+    return @localTime;
+}
+
+# Set the reviewer and date in a ChangeLog patch, and return the new patch.
+#
+# Args:
+#   $patch: a ChangeLog patch as a string.
+#   $reviewer: the name of the reviewer, or undef if the reviewer should not be set.
+#   $epochTime: an integer time as returned by Perl's time() function.
+sub setChangeLogDateAndReviewer($$$)
+{
+    my ($patch, $reviewer, $epochTime) = @_;
+
+    my @localTime = localTimeInProjectTimeZone($epochTime);
+    my $newDate = strftime("%Y-%m-%d", @localTime);
+
+    my $firstChangeLogLineRegEx = qr#(\n\+)\d{4}-[^-]{2}-[^-]{2}(  )#;
+    $patch =~ s/$firstChangeLogLineRegEx/$1$newDate$2/;
+
+    if (defined($reviewer)) {
+        # We include a leading plus ("+") in the regular expression to make
+        # the regular expression less likely to match text in the leading junk
+        # for the patch, if the patch has leading junk.
+        $patch =~ s/(\n\+.*)NOBODY \(OOPS!\)/$1$reviewer/;
+    }
+
+    return $patch;
+}
+
+# If possible, returns a ChangeLog patch equivalent to the given one,
+# but with the newest ChangeLog entry inserted at the top of the
+# file -- i.e. no leading context and all lines starting with "+".
+#
+# If given a patch string not representable as a patch with the above
+# properties, it returns the input back unchanged.
+#
+# WARNING: This subroutine can return an inequivalent patch string if
+# both the beginning of the new ChangeLog file matches the beginning
+# of the source ChangeLog, and the source beginning was modified.
+# Otherwise, it is guaranteed to return an equivalent patch string,
+# if it returns.
+#
+# Applying this subroutine to ChangeLog patches allows svn-apply to
+# insert new ChangeLog entries at the top of the ChangeLog file.
+# svn-apply uses patch with --fuzz=3 to do this. We need to apply
+# this subroutine because the diff(1) command is greedy when matching
+# lines. A new ChangeLog entry with the same date and author as the
+# previous will match and cause the diff to have lines of starting
+# context.
+#
+# This subroutine has unit tests in VCSUtils_unittest.pl.
+sub fixChangeLogPatch($)
+{
+    my $patch = shift; # $patch will only contain patch fragments for ChangeLog.
+
+    $patch =~ /(\r?\n)/;
+    my $lineEnding = $1;
+    my @lines = split(/$lineEnding/, $patch);
+
+    my $i = 0; # We reuse the same index throughout.
+
+    # Skip to beginning of first chunk.
+    for (; $i < @lines; ++$i) {
+        if (substr($lines[$i], 0, 1) eq "@") {
+            last;
+        }
+    }
+    my $chunkStartIndex = ++$i;
+
+    # Optimization: do not process if new lines already begin the chunk.
+    if (substr($lines[$i], 0, 1) eq "+") {
+        return $patch;
+    }
+
+    # Skip to first line of newly added ChangeLog entry.
+    # For example, +2009-06-03  Eric Seidel  <eric@webkit.org>
+    my $dateStartRegEx = '^\+(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})' # leading "+" and date
+                         . '\s+(.+)\s+' # name
+                         . '<([^<>]+)>$'; # e-mail address
+
+    for (; $i < @lines; ++$i) {
+        my $line = $lines[$i];
+        my $firstChar = substr($line, 0, 1);
+        if ($line =~ /$dateStartRegEx/) {
+            last;
+        } elsif ($firstChar eq " " or $firstChar eq "+") {
+            next;
+        }
+        return $patch; # Do not change if, for example, "-" or "@" found.
+    }
+    if ($i >= @lines) {
+        return $patch; # Do not change if date not found.
+    }
+    my $dateStartIndex = $i;
+
+    # Rewrite overlapping lines to lead with " ".
+    my @overlappingLines = (); # These will include a leading "+".
+    for (; $i < @lines; ++$i) {
+        my $line = $lines[$i];
+        if (substr($line, 0, 1) ne "+") {
+          last;
+        }
+        push(@overlappingLines, $line);
+        $lines[$i] = " " . substr($line, 1);
+    }
+
+    # Remove excess ending context, if necessary.
+    my $shouldTrimContext = 1;
+    for (; $i < @lines; ++$i) {
+        my $firstChar = substr($lines[$i], 0, 1);
+        if ($firstChar eq " ") {
+            next;
+        } elsif ($firstChar eq "@") {
+            last;
+        }
+        $shouldTrimContext = 0; # For example, if "+" or "-" encountered.
+        last;
+    }
+    my $deletedLineCount = 0;
+    if ($shouldTrimContext) { # Also occurs if end of file reached.
+        splice(@lines, $i - @overlappingLines, @overlappingLines);
+        $deletedLineCount = @overlappingLines;
+    }
+
+    # Work backwards, shifting overlapping lines towards front
+    # while checking that patch stays equivalent.
+    for ($i = $dateStartIndex - 1; @overlappingLines && $i >= $chunkStartIndex; --$i) {
+        my $line = $lines[$i];
+        if (substr($line, 0, 1) ne " ") {
+            next;
+        }
+        my $text = substr($line, 1);
+        my $newLine = pop(@overlappingLines);
+        if ($text ne substr($newLine, 1)) {
+            return $patch; # Unexpected difference.
+        }
+        $lines[$i] = "+$text";
+    }
+
+    # Finish moving whatever overlapping lines remain, and update
+    # the initial chunk range.
+    my $chunkRangeRegEx = '^\@\@ -(\d+),(\d+) \+\d+,(\d+) \@\@$'; # e.g. @@ -2,6 +2,18 @@
+    if ($lines[$chunkStartIndex - 1] !~ /$chunkRangeRegEx/) {
+        # FIXME: Handle errors differently from ChangeLog files that
+        # are okay but should not be altered. That way we can find out
+        # if improvements to the script ever become necessary.
+        return $patch; # Error: unexpected patch string format.
+    }
+    my $skippedFirstLineCount = $1 - 1;
+    my $oldSourceLineCount = $2;
+    my $oldTargetLineCount = $3;
+
+    if (@overlappingLines != $skippedFirstLineCount) {
+        # This can happen, for example, when deliberately inserting
+        # a new ChangeLog entry earlier in the file.
+        return $patch;
+    }
+    # If @overlappingLines > 0, this is where we make use of the
+    # assumption that the beginning of the source file was not modified.
+    splice(@lines, $chunkStartIndex, 0, @overlappingLines);
+
+    my $sourceLineCount = $oldSourceLineCount + @overlappingLines - $deletedLineCount;
+    my $targetLineCount = $oldTargetLineCount + @overlappingLines - $deletedLineCount;
+    $lines[$chunkStartIndex - 1] = "@@ -1,$sourceLineCount +1,$targetLineCount @@";
+
+    return join($lineEnding, @lines) . "\n"; # patch(1) expects an extra trailing newline.
+}
+
+# This is a supporting method for runPatchCommand.
+#
+# Arg: the optional $args parameter passed to runPatchCommand (can be undefined).
+#
+# Returns ($patchCommand, $isForcing).
+#
+# This subroutine has unit tests in VCSUtils_unittest.pl.
+sub generatePatchCommand($)
+{
+    my ($passedArgsHashRef) = @_;
+
+    my $argsHashRef = { # Defaults
+        ensureForce => 0,
+        shouldReverse => 0,
+        options => []
+    };
+    
+    # Merges hash references. It's okay here if passed hash reference is undefined.
+    @{$argsHashRef}{keys %{$passedArgsHashRef}} = values %{$passedArgsHashRef};
+    
+    my $ensureForce = $argsHashRef->{ensureForce};
+    my $shouldReverse = $argsHashRef->{shouldReverse};
+    my $options = $argsHashRef->{options};
+
+    if (! $options) {
+        $options = [];
+    } else {
+        $options = [@{$options}]; # Copy to avoid side effects.
+    }
+
+    my $isForcing = 0;
+    if (grep /^--force$/, @{$options}) {
+        $isForcing = 1;
+    } elsif ($ensureForce) {
+        push @{$options}, "--force";
+        $isForcing = 1;
+    }
+
+    if ($shouldReverse) { # No check: --reverse should never be passed explicitly.
+        push @{$options}, "--reverse";
+    }
+
+    @{$options} = sort(@{$options}); # For easier testing.
+
+    my $patchCommand = join(" ", "patch -p0", @{$options});
+
+    return ($patchCommand, $isForcing);
+}
+
+# Apply the given patch using the patch(1) command.
+#
+# On success, return the resulting exit status. Otherwise, exit with the
+# exit status. If "--force" is passed as an option, however, then never
+# exit and always return the exit status.
+#
+# Args:
+#   $patch: a patch string.
+#   $repositoryRootPath: an absolute path to the repository root.
+#   $pathRelativeToRoot: the path of the file to be patched, relative to the
+#                        repository root. This should normally be the path
+#                        found in the patch's "Index:" line. It is passed
+#                        explicitly rather than reparsed from the patch
+#                        string for optimization purposes.
+#                            This is used only for error reporting. The
+#                        patch command gleans the actual file to patch
+#                        from the patch string.
+#   $args: a reference to a hash of optional arguments. The possible
+#          keys are --
+#            ensureForce: whether to ensure --force is passed (defaults to 0).
+#            shouldReverse: whether to pass --reverse (defaults to 0).
+#            options: a reference to an array of options to pass to the
+#                     patch command. The subroutine passes the -p0 option
+#                     no matter what. This should not include --reverse.
+#
+# This subroutine has unit tests in VCSUtils_unittest.pl.
+sub runPatchCommand($$$;$)
+{
+    my ($patch, $repositoryRootPath, $pathRelativeToRoot, $args) = @_;
+
+    my ($patchCommand, $isForcing) = generatePatchCommand($args);
+
+    # Temporarily change the working directory since the path found
+    # in the patch's "Index:" line is relative to the repository root
+    # (i.e. the same as $pathRelativeToRoot).
+    my $cwd = Cwd::getcwd();
+    chdir $repositoryRootPath;
+
+    open PATCH, "| $patchCommand" or die "Could not call \"$patchCommand\" for file \"$pathRelativeToRoot\": $!";
+    print PATCH $patch;
+    close PATCH;
+    my $exitStatus = exitStatus($?);
+
+    chdir $cwd;
+
+    if ($exitStatus && !$isForcing) {
+        print "Calling \"$patchCommand\" for file \"$pathRelativeToRoot\" returned " .
+              "status $exitStatus.  Pass --force to ignore patch failures.\n";
+        exit $exitStatus;
+    }
+
+    return $exitStatus;
+}
+
+# Merge ChangeLog patches using a three-file approach.
+#
+# This is used by resolve-ChangeLogs when it's operated as a merge driver
+# and when it's used to merge conflicts after a patch is applied or after
+# an svn update.
+#
+# It's also used for traditional rejected patches.
+#
+# Args:
+#   $fileMine:  The merged version of the file.  Also known in git as the
+#               other branch's version (%B) or "ours".
+#               For traditional patch rejects, this is the *.rej file.
+#   $fileOlder: The base version of the file.  Also known in git as the
+#               ancestor version (%O) or "base".
+#               For traditional patch rejects, this is the *.orig file.
+#   $fileNewer: The current version of the file.  Also known in git as the
+#               current version (%A) or "theirs".
+#               For traditional patch rejects, this is the original-named
+#               file.
+#
+# Returns 1 if merge was successful, else 0.
+sub mergeChangeLogs($$$)
+{
+    my ($fileMine, $fileOlder, $fileNewer) = @_;
+
+    my $traditionalReject = $fileMine =~ /\.rej$/ ? 1 : 0;
+
+    local $/ = undef;
+
+    my $patch;
+    if ($traditionalReject) {
+        open(DIFF, "<", $fileMine) or die $!;
+        $patch = <DIFF>;
+        close(DIFF);
+        rename($fileMine, "$fileMine.save");
+        rename($fileOlder, "$fileOlder.save");
+    } else {
+        open(DIFF, "-|", qw(diff -u -a --binary), $fileOlder, $fileMine) or die $!;
+        $patch = <DIFF>;
+        close(DIFF);
+    }
+
+    unlink("${fileNewer}.orig");
+    unlink("${fileNewer}.rej");
+
+    open(PATCH, "| patch --force --fuzz=3 --binary $fileNewer > " . File::Spec->devnull()) or die $!;
+    print PATCH ($traditionalReject ? $patch : fixChangeLogPatch($patch));
+    close(PATCH);
+
+    my $result = !exitStatus($?);
+
+    # Refuse to merge the patch if it did not apply cleanly
+    if (-e "${fileNewer}.rej") {
+        unlink("${fileNewer}.rej");
+        if (-f "${fileNewer}.orig") {
+            unlink($fileNewer);
+            rename("${fileNewer}.orig", $fileNewer);
+        }
+    } else {
+        unlink("${fileNewer}.orig");
+    }
+
+    if ($traditionalReject) {
+        rename("$fileMine.save", $fileMine);
+        rename("$fileOlder.save", $fileOlder);
+    }
+
+    return $result;
+}
+
+sub gitConfig($)
+{
+    return unless $isGit;
+
+    my ($config) = @_;
+
+    my $result = `git config $config`;
+    if (($? >> 8)) {
+        $result = `git repo-config $config`;
+    }
+    chomp $result;
+    return $result;
+}
+
+sub changeLogNameError($)
+{
+    my ($message) = @_;
+    print STDERR "$message\nEither:\n";
+    print STDERR "  set CHANGE_LOG_NAME in your environment\n";
+    print STDERR "  OR pass --name= on the command line\n";
+    print STDERR "  OR set REAL_NAME in your environment";
+    print STDERR "  OR git users can set 'git config user.name'\n";
+    exit(1);
+}
+
+sub changeLogName()
+{
+    my $name = $ENV{CHANGE_LOG_NAME} || $ENV{REAL_NAME} || gitConfig("user.name") || (split /\s*,\s*/, (getpwuid $<)[6])[0];
+
+    changeLogNameError("Failed to determine ChangeLog name.") unless $name;
+    # getpwuid seems to always succeed on windows, returning the username instead of the full name.  This check will catch that case.
+    changeLogNameError("'$name' does not contain a space!  ChangeLogs should contain your full name.") unless ($name =~ /\w \w/);
+
+    return $name;
+}
+
+sub changeLogEmailAddressError($)
+{
+    my ($message) = @_;
+    print STDERR "$message\nEither:\n";
+    print STDERR "  set CHANGE_LOG_EMAIL_ADDRESS in your environment\n";
+    print STDERR "  OR pass --email= on the command line\n";
+    print STDERR "  OR set EMAIL_ADDRESS in your environment\n";
+    print STDERR "  OR git users can set 'git config user.email'\n";
+    exit(1);
+}
+
+sub changeLogEmailAddress()
+{
+    my $emailAddress = $ENV{CHANGE_LOG_EMAIL_ADDRESS} || $ENV{EMAIL_ADDRESS} || gitConfig("user.email");
+
+    changeLogEmailAddressError("Failed to determine email address for ChangeLog.") unless $emailAddress;
+    changeLogEmailAddressError("Email address '$emailAddress' does not contain '\@' and is likely invalid.") unless ($emailAddress =~ /\@/);
+
+    return $emailAddress;
+}
+
+# http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1924
+sub decodeBase85($)
+{
+    my ($encoded) = @_;
+    my %table;
+    my @characters = ('0'..'9', 'A'..'Z', 'a'..'z', '!', '#', '$', '%', '&', '(', ')', '*', '+', '-', ';', '<', '=', '>', '?', '@', '^', '_', '`', '{', '|', '}', '~');
+    for (my $i = 0; $i < 85; $i++) {
+        $table{$characters[$i]} = $i;
+    }
+
+    my $decoded = '';
+    my @encodedChars = $encoded =~ /./g;
+
+    for (my $encodedIter = 0; defined($encodedChars[$encodedIter]);) {
+        my $digit = 0;
+        for (my $i = 0; $i < 5; $i++) {
+            $digit *= 85;
+            my $char = $encodedChars[$encodedIter];
+            $digit += $table{$char};
+            $encodedIter++;
+        }
+
+        for (my $i = 0; $i < 4; $i++) {
+            $decoded .= chr(($digit >> (3 - $i) * 8) & 255);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return $decoded;
+}
+
+sub decodeGitBinaryChunk($$)
+{
+    my ($contents, $fullPath) = @_;
+
+    # Load this module lazily in case the user don't have this module
+    # and won't handle git binary patches.
+    require Compress::Zlib;
+
+    my $encoded = "";
+    my $compressedSize = 0;
+    while ($contents =~ /^([A-Za-z])(.*)$/gm) {
+        my $line = $2;
+        next if $line eq "";
+        die "$fullPath: unexpected size of a line: $&" if length($2) % 5 != 0;
+        my $actualSize = length($2) / 5 * 4;
+        my $encodedExpectedSize = ord($1);
+        my $expectedSize = $encodedExpectedSize <= ord("Z") ? $encodedExpectedSize - ord("A") + 1 : $encodedExpectedSize - ord("a") + 27;
+
+        die "$fullPath: unexpected size of a line: $&" if int(($expectedSize + 3) / 4) * 4 != $actualSize;
+        $compressedSize += $expectedSize;
+        $encoded .= $line;
+    }
+
+    my $compressed = decodeBase85($encoded);
+    $compressed = substr($compressed, 0, $compressedSize);
+    return Compress::Zlib::uncompress($compressed);
+}
+
+sub decodeGitBinaryPatch($$)
+{
+    my ($contents, $fullPath) = @_;
+
+    # Git binary patch has two chunks. One is for the normal patching
+    # and another is for the reverse patching.
+    #
+    # Each chunk a line which starts from either "literal" or "delta",
+    # followed by a number which specifies decoded size of the chunk.
+    # The "delta" type chunks aren't supported by this function yet.
+    #
+    # Then, content of the chunk comes. To decode the content, we
+    # need decode it with base85 first, and then zlib.
+    my $gitPatchRegExp = '(literal|delta) ([0-9]+)\n([A-Za-z0-9!#$%&()*+-;<=>?@^_`{|}~\\n]*?)\n\n';
+    if ($contents !~ m"\nGIT binary patch\n$gitPatchRegExp$gitPatchRegExp\Z") {
+        die "$fullPath: unknown git binary patch format"
+    }
+
+    my $binaryChunkType = $1;
+    my $binaryChunkExpectedSize = $2;
+    my $encodedChunk = $3;
+    my $reverseBinaryChunkType = $4;
+    my $reverseBinaryChunkExpectedSize = $5;
+    my $encodedReverseChunk = $6;
+
+    my $binaryChunk = decodeGitBinaryChunk($encodedChunk, $fullPath);
+    my $binaryChunkActualSize = length($binaryChunk);
+    my $reverseBinaryChunk = decodeGitBinaryChunk($encodedReverseChunk, $fullPath);
+    my $reverseBinaryChunkActualSize = length($reverseBinaryChunk);
+
+    die "$fullPath: unexpected size of the first chunk (expected $binaryChunkExpectedSize but was $binaryChunkActualSize" if ($binaryChunkExpectedSize != $binaryChunkActualSize);
+    die "$fullPath: unexpected size of the second chunk (expected $reverseBinaryChunkExpectedSize but was $reverseBinaryChunkActualSize" if ($reverseBinaryChunkExpectedSize != $reverseBinaryChunkActualSize);
+
+    return ($binaryChunkType, $binaryChunk, $reverseBinaryChunkType, $reverseBinaryChunk);
+}
+
+1;