--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/fontservices/textshaperplugin/IcuSource/common/unicode/ustring.h Tue Feb 02 02:02:46 2010 +0200
@@ -0,0 +1,1320 @@
+/*
+**********************************************************************
+* Copyright (C) 1998-2005, International Business Machines
+* Corporation and others. All Rights Reserved.
+**********************************************************************
+*
+* File ustring.h
+*
+* Modification History:
+*
+* Date Name Description
+* 12/07/98 bertrand Creation.
+******************************************************************************
+*/
+
+#ifndef USTRING_H
+#define USTRING_H
+
+#include "unicode/utypes.h"
+#include "unicode/putil.h"
+#include "unicode/uiter.h"
+
+/** Simple declaration for u_strToTitle() to avoid including unicode/ubrk.h. @stable ICU 2.1*/
+#ifndef UBRK_TYPEDEF_UBREAK_ITERATOR
+# define UBRK_TYPEDEF_UBREAK_ITERATOR
+ typedef void UBreakIterator;
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * \file
+ * \brief C API: Unicode string handling functions
+ *
+ * These C API functions provide general Unicode string handling.
+ *
+ * Some functions are equivalent in name, signature, and behavior to the ANSI C <string.h>
+ * functions. (For example, they do not check for bad arguments like NULL string pointers.)
+ * In some cases, only the thread-safe variant of such a function is implemented here
+ * (see u_strtok_r()).
+ *
+ * Other functions provide more Unicode-specific functionality like locale-specific
+ * upper/lower-casing and string comparison in code point order.
+ *
+ * ICU uses 16-bit Unicode (UTF-16) in the form of arrays of UChar code units.
+ * UTF-16 encodes each Unicode code point with either one or two UChar code units.
+ * (This is the default form of Unicode, and a forward-compatible extension of the original,
+ * fixed-width form that was known as UCS-2. UTF-16 superseded UCS-2 with Unicode 2.0
+ * in 1996.)
+ *
+ * Some APIs accept a 32-bit UChar32 value for a single code point.
+ *
+ * ICU also handles 16-bit Unicode text with unpaired surrogates.
+ * Such text is not well-formed UTF-16.
+ * Code-point-related functions treat unpaired surrogates as surrogate code points,
+ * i.e., as separate units.
+ *
+ * Although UTF-16 is a variable-width encoding form (like some legacy multi-byte encodings),
+ * it is much more efficient even for random access because the code unit values
+ * for single-unit characters vs. lead units vs. trail units are completely disjoint.
+ * This means that it is easy to determine character (code point) boundaries from
+ * random offsets in the string.
+ *
+ * Unicode (UTF-16) string processing is optimized for the single-unit case.
+ * Although it is important to support supplementary characters
+ * (which use pairs of lead/trail code units called "surrogates"),
+ * their occurrence is rare. Almost all characters in modern use require only
+ * a single UChar code unit (i.e., their code point values are <=0xffff).
+ *
+ * For more details see the User Guide Strings chapter (http://icu.sourceforge.net/userguide/strings.html).
+ * For a discussion of the handling of unpaired surrogates see also
+ * Jitterbug 2145 and its icu mailing list proposal on 2002-sep-18.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Determine the length of an array of UChar.
+ *
+ * @param s The array of UChars, NULL (U+0000) terminated.
+ * @return The number of UChars in <code>chars</code>, minus the terminator.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+u_strlen(const UChar *s);
+
+/**
+ * Count Unicode code points in the length UChar code units of the string.
+ * A code point may occupy either one or two UChar code units.
+ * Counting code points involves reading all code units.
+ *
+ * This functions is basically the inverse of the U16_FWD_N() macro (see utf.h).
+ *
+ * @param s The input string.
+ * @param length The number of UChar code units to be checked, or -1 to count all
+ * code points before the first NUL (U+0000).
+ * @return The number of code points in the specified code units.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+u_countChar32(const UChar *s, int32_t length);
+
+/**
+ * Check if the string contains more Unicode code points than a certain number.
+ * This is more efficient than counting all code points in the entire string
+ * and comparing that number with a threshold.
+ * This function may not need to scan the string at all if the length is known
+ * (not -1 for NUL-termination) and falls within a certain range, and
+ * never needs to count more than 'number+1' code points.
+ * Logically equivalent to (u_countChar32(s, length)>number).
+ * A Unicode code point may occupy either one or two UChar code units.
+ *
+ * @param s The input string.
+ * @param length The length of the string, or -1 if it is NUL-terminated.
+ * @param number The number of code points in the string is compared against
+ * the 'number' parameter.
+ * @return Boolean value for whether the string contains more Unicode code points
+ * than 'number'. Same as (u_countChar32(s, length)>number).
+ * @stable ICU 2.4
+ */
+U_STABLE UBool U_EXPORT2
+u_strHasMoreChar32Than(const UChar *s, int32_t length, int32_t number);
+
+/**
+ * Concatenate two ustrings. Appends a copy of <code>src</code>,
+ * including the null terminator, to <code>dst</code>. The initial copied
+ * character from <code>src</code> overwrites the null terminator in <code>dst</code>.
+ *
+ * @param dst The destination string.
+ * @param src The source string.
+ * @return A pointer to <code>dst</code>.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar* U_EXPORT2
+u_strcat(UChar *dst,
+ const UChar *src);
+
+/**
+ * Concatenate two ustrings.
+ * Appends at most <code>n</code> characters from <code>src</code> to <code>dst</code>.
+ * Adds a terminating NUL.
+ * If src is too long, then only <code>n-1</code> characters will be copied
+ * before the terminating NUL.
+ * If <code>n<=0</code> then dst is not modified.
+ *
+ * @param dst The destination string.
+ * @param src The source string.
+ * @param n The maximum number of characters to compare.
+ * @return A pointer to <code>dst</code>.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar* U_EXPORT2
+u_strncat(UChar *dst,
+ const UChar *src,
+ int32_t n);
+
+/**
+ * Find the first occurrence of a substring in a string.
+ * The substring is found at code point boundaries.
+ * That means that if the substring begins with
+ * a trail surrogate or ends with a lead surrogate,
+ * then it is found only if these surrogates stand alone in the text.
+ * Otherwise, the substring edge units would be matched against
+ * halves of surrogate pairs.
+ *
+ * @param s The string to search (NUL-terminated).
+ * @param substring The substring to find (NUL-terminated).
+ * @return A pointer to the first occurrence of <code>substring</code> in <code>s</code>,
+ * or <code>s</code> itself if the <code>substring</code> is empty,
+ * or <code>NULL</code> if <code>substring</code> is not in <code>s</code>.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ *
+ * @see u_strrstr
+ * @see u_strFindFirst
+ * @see u_strFindLast
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar * U_EXPORT2
+u_strstr(const UChar *s, const UChar *substring);
+
+/**
+ * Find the first occurrence of a substring in a string.
+ * The substring is found at code point boundaries.
+ * That means that if the substring begins with
+ * a trail surrogate or ends with a lead surrogate,
+ * then it is found only if these surrogates stand alone in the text.
+ * Otherwise, the substring edge units would be matched against
+ * halves of surrogate pairs.
+ *
+ * @param s The string to search.
+ * @param length The length of s (number of UChars), or -1 if it is NUL-terminated.
+ * @param substring The substring to find (NUL-terminated).
+ * @param subLength The length of substring (number of UChars), or -1 if it is NUL-terminated.
+ * @return A pointer to the first occurrence of <code>substring</code> in <code>s</code>,
+ * or <code>s</code> itself if the <code>substring</code> is empty,
+ * or <code>NULL</code> if <code>substring</code> is not in <code>s</code>.
+ * @stable ICU 2.4
+ *
+ * @see u_strstr
+ * @see u_strFindLast
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar * U_EXPORT2
+u_strFindFirst(const UChar *s, int32_t length, const UChar *substring, int32_t subLength);
+
+/**
+ * Find the first occurrence of a BMP code point in a string.
+ * A surrogate code point is found only if its match in the text is not
+ * part of a surrogate pair.
+ * A NUL character is found at the string terminator.
+ *
+ * @param s The string to search (NUL-terminated).
+ * @param c The BMP code point to find.
+ * @return A pointer to the first occurrence of <code>c</code> in <code>s</code>
+ * or <code>NULL</code> if <code>c</code> is not in <code>s</code>.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ *
+ * @see u_strchr32
+ * @see u_memchr
+ * @see u_strstr
+ * @see u_strFindFirst
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar * U_EXPORT2
+u_strchr(const UChar *s, UChar c);
+
+/**
+ * Find the first occurrence of a code point in a string.
+ * A surrogate code point is found only if its match in the text is not
+ * part of a surrogate pair.
+ * A NUL character is found at the string terminator.
+ *
+ * @param s The string to search (NUL-terminated).
+ * @param c The code point to find.
+ * @return A pointer to the first occurrence of <code>c</code> in <code>s</code>
+ * or <code>NULL</code> if <code>c</code> is not in <code>s</code>.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ *
+ * @see u_strchr
+ * @see u_memchr32
+ * @see u_strstr
+ * @see u_strFindFirst
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar * U_EXPORT2
+u_strchr32(const UChar *s, UChar32 c);
+
+/**
+ * Find the last occurrence of a substring in a string.
+ * The substring is found at code point boundaries.
+ * That means that if the substring begins with
+ * a trail surrogate or ends with a lead surrogate,
+ * then it is found only if these surrogates stand alone in the text.
+ * Otherwise, the substring edge units would be matched against
+ * halves of surrogate pairs.
+ *
+ * @param s The string to search (NUL-terminated).
+ * @param substring The substring to find (NUL-terminated).
+ * @return A pointer to the last occurrence of <code>substring</code> in <code>s</code>,
+ * or <code>s</code> itself if the <code>substring</code> is empty,
+ * or <code>NULL</code> if <code>substring</code> is not in <code>s</code>.
+ * @stable ICU 2.4
+ *
+ * @see u_strstr
+ * @see u_strFindFirst
+ * @see u_strFindLast
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar * U_EXPORT2
+u_strrstr(const UChar *s, const UChar *substring);
+
+/**
+ * Find the last occurrence of a substring in a string.
+ * The substring is found at code point boundaries.
+ * That means that if the substring begins with
+ * a trail surrogate or ends with a lead surrogate,
+ * then it is found only if these surrogates stand alone in the text.
+ * Otherwise, the substring edge units would be matched against
+ * halves of surrogate pairs.
+ *
+ * @param s The string to search.
+ * @param length The length of s (number of UChars), or -1 if it is NUL-terminated.
+ * @param substring The substring to find (NUL-terminated).
+ * @param subLength The length of substring (number of UChars), or -1 if it is NUL-terminated.
+ * @return A pointer to the last occurrence of <code>substring</code> in <code>s</code>,
+ * or <code>s</code> itself if the <code>substring</code> is empty,
+ * or <code>NULL</code> if <code>substring</code> is not in <code>s</code>.
+ * @stable ICU 2.4
+ *
+ * @see u_strstr
+ * @see u_strFindLast
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar * U_EXPORT2
+u_strFindLast(const UChar *s, int32_t length, const UChar *substring, int32_t subLength);
+
+/**
+ * Find the last occurrence of a BMP code point in a string.
+ * A surrogate code point is found only if its match in the text is not
+ * part of a surrogate pair.
+ * A NUL character is found at the string terminator.
+ *
+ * @param s The string to search (NUL-terminated).
+ * @param c The BMP code point to find.
+ * @return A pointer to the last occurrence of <code>c</code> in <code>s</code>
+ * or <code>NULL</code> if <code>c</code> is not in <code>s</code>.
+ * @stable ICU 2.4
+ *
+ * @see u_strrchr32
+ * @see u_memrchr
+ * @see u_strrstr
+ * @see u_strFindLast
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar * U_EXPORT2
+u_strrchr(const UChar *s, UChar c);
+
+/**
+ * Find the last occurrence of a code point in a string.
+ * A surrogate code point is found only if its match in the text is not
+ * part of a surrogate pair.
+ * A NUL character is found at the string terminator.
+ *
+ * @param s The string to search (NUL-terminated).
+ * @param c The code point to find.
+ * @return A pointer to the last occurrence of <code>c</code> in <code>s</code>
+ * or <code>NULL</code> if <code>c</code> is not in <code>s</code>.
+ * @stable ICU 2.4
+ *
+ * @see u_strrchr
+ * @see u_memchr32
+ * @see u_strrstr
+ * @see u_strFindLast
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar * U_EXPORT2
+u_strrchr32(const UChar *s, UChar32 c);
+
+/**
+ * Locates the first occurrence in the string <code>string</code> of any of the characters
+ * in the string <code>matchSet</code>.
+ * Works just like C's strpbrk but with Unicode.
+ *
+ * @param string The string in which to search, NUL-terminated.
+ * @param matchSet A NUL-terminated string defining a set of code points
+ * for which to search in the text string.
+ * @return A pointer to the character in <code>string</code> that matches one of the
+ * characters in <code>matchSet</code>, or NULL if no such character is found.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar * U_EXPORT2
+u_strpbrk(const UChar *string, const UChar *matchSet);
+
+/**
+ * Returns the number of consecutive characters in <code>string</code>,
+ * beginning with the first, that do not occur somewhere in <code>matchSet</code>.
+ * Works just like C's strcspn but with Unicode.
+ *
+ * @param string The string in which to search, NUL-terminated.
+ * @param matchSet A NUL-terminated string defining a set of code points
+ * for which to search in the text string.
+ * @return The number of initial characters in <code>string</code> that do not
+ * occur in <code>matchSet</code>.
+ * @see u_strspn
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+u_strcspn(const UChar *string, const UChar *matchSet);
+
+/**
+ * Returns the number of consecutive characters in <code>string</code>,
+ * beginning with the first, that occur somewhere in <code>matchSet</code>.
+ * Works just like C's strspn but with Unicode.
+ *
+ * @param string The string in which to search, NUL-terminated.
+ * @param matchSet A NUL-terminated string defining a set of code points
+ * for which to search in the text string.
+ * @return The number of initial characters in <code>string</code> that do
+ * occur in <code>matchSet</code>.
+ * @see u_strcspn
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+u_strspn(const UChar *string, const UChar *matchSet);
+
+/**
+ * The string tokenizer API allows an application to break a string into
+ * tokens. Unlike strtok(), the saveState (the current pointer within the
+ * original string) is maintained in saveState. In the first call, the
+ * argument src is a pointer to the string. In subsequent calls to
+ * return successive tokens of that string, src must be specified as
+ * NULL. The value saveState is set by this function to maintain the
+ * function's position within the string, and on each subsequent call
+ * you must give this argument the same variable. This function does
+ * handle surrogate pairs. This function is similar to the strtok_r()
+ * the POSIX Threads Extension (1003.1c-1995) version.
+ *
+ * @param src String containing token(s). This string will be modified.
+ * After the first call to u_strtok_r(), this argument must
+ * be NULL to get to the next token.
+ * @param delim Set of delimiter characters (Unicode code points).
+ * @param saveState The current pointer within the original string,
+ * which is set by this function. The saveState
+ * parameter should the address of a local variable of type
+ * UChar *. (i.e. defined "Uhar *myLocalSaveState" and use
+ * &myLocalSaveState for this parameter).
+ * @return A pointer to the next token found in src, or NULL
+ * when there are no more tokens.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar * U_EXPORT2
+u_strtok_r(UChar *src,
+ const UChar *delim,
+ UChar **saveState);
+
+/**
+ * Compare two Unicode strings for bitwise equality (code unit order).
+ *
+ * @param s1 A string to compare.
+ * @param s2 A string to compare.
+ * @return 0 if <code>s1</code> and <code>s2</code> are bitwise equal; a negative
+ * value if <code>s1</code> is bitwise less than <code>s2,</code>; a positive
+ * value if <code>s1</code> is bitwise greater than <code>s2</code>.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+u_strcmp(const UChar *s1,
+ const UChar *s2);
+
+/**
+ * Compare two Unicode strings in code point order.
+ * See u_strCompare for details.
+ *
+ * @param s1 A string to compare.
+ * @param s2 A string to compare.
+ * @return a negative/zero/positive integer corresponding to whether
+ * the first string is less than/equal to/greater than the second one
+ * in code point order
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+u_strcmpCodePointOrder(const UChar *s1, const UChar *s2);
+
+/**
+ * Compare two Unicode strings (binary order).
+ *
+ * The comparison can be done in code unit order or in code point order.
+ * They differ only in UTF-16 when
+ * comparing supplementary code points (U+10000..U+10ffff)
+ * to BMP code points near the end of the BMP (i.e., U+e000..U+ffff).
+ * In code unit order, high BMP code points sort after supplementary code points
+ * because they are stored as pairs of surrogates which are at U+d800..U+dfff.
+ *
+ * This functions works with strings of different explicitly specified lengths
+ * unlike the ANSI C-like u_strcmp() and u_memcmp() etc.
+ * NUL-terminated strings are possible with length arguments of -1.
+ *
+ * @param s1 First source string.
+ * @param length1 Length of first source string, or -1 if NUL-terminated.
+ *
+ * @param s2 Second source string.
+ * @param length2 Length of second source string, or -1 if NUL-terminated.
+ *
+ * @param codePointOrder Choose between code unit order (FALSE)
+ * and code point order (TRUE).
+ *
+ * @return <0 or 0 or >0 as usual for string comparisons
+ *
+ * @stable ICU 2.2
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+u_strCompare(const UChar *s1, int32_t length1,
+ const UChar *s2, int32_t length2,
+ UBool codePointOrder);
+
+/**
+ * Compare two Unicode strings (binary order)
+ * as presented by UCharIterator objects.
+ * Works otherwise just like u_strCompare().
+ *
+ * Both iterators are reset to their start positions.
+ * When the function returns, it is undefined where the iterators
+ * have stopped.
+ *
+ * @param iter1 First source string iterator.
+ * @param iter2 Second source string iterator.
+ * @param codePointOrder Choose between code unit order (FALSE)
+ * and code point order (TRUE).
+ *
+ * @return <0 or 0 or >0 as usual for string comparisons
+ *
+ * @see u_strCompare
+ *
+ * @stable ICU 2.6
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+u_strCompareIter(UCharIterator *iter1, UCharIterator *iter2, UBool codePointOrder);
+
+#ifndef U_COMPARE_CODE_POINT_ORDER
+/* see also unistr.h and unorm.h */
+/**
+ * Option bit for u_strCaseCompare, u_strcasecmp, unorm_compare, etc:
+ * Compare strings in code point order instead of code unit order.
+ * @stable ICU 2.2
+ */
+#define U_COMPARE_CODE_POINT_ORDER 0x8000
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Compare two strings case-insensitively using full case folding.
+ * This is equivalent to
+ * u_strCompare(u_strFoldCase(s1, options),
+ * u_strFoldCase(s2, options),
+ * (options&U_COMPARE_CODE_POINT_ORDER)!=0).
+ *
+ * The comparison can be done in UTF-16 code unit order or in code point order.
+ * They differ only when comparing supplementary code points (U+10000..U+10ffff)
+ * to BMP code points near the end of the BMP (i.e., U+e000..U+ffff).
+ * In code unit order, high BMP code points sort after supplementary code points
+ * because they are stored as pairs of surrogates which are at U+d800..U+dfff.
+ *
+ * This functions works with strings of different explicitly specified lengths
+ * unlike the ANSI C-like u_strcmp() and u_memcmp() etc.
+ * NUL-terminated strings are possible with length arguments of -1.
+ *
+ * @param s1 First source string.
+ * @param length1 Length of first source string, or -1 if NUL-terminated.
+ *
+ * @param s2 Second source string.
+ * @param length2 Length of second source string, or -1 if NUL-terminated.
+ *
+ * @param options A bit set of options:
+ * - U_FOLD_CASE_DEFAULT or 0 is used for default options:
+ * Comparison in code unit order with default case folding.
+ *
+ * - U_COMPARE_CODE_POINT_ORDER
+ * Set to choose code point order instead of code unit order
+ * (see u_strCompare for details).
+ *
+ * - U_FOLD_CASE_EXCLUDE_SPECIAL_I
+ *
+ * @param pErrorCode Must be a valid pointer to an error code value,
+ * which must not indicate a failure before the function call.
+ *
+ * @return <0 or 0 or >0 as usual for string comparisons
+ *
+ * @stable ICU 2.2
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+u_strCaseCompare(const UChar *s1, int32_t length1,
+ const UChar *s2, int32_t length2,
+ uint32_t options,
+ UErrorCode *pErrorCode);
+
+/**
+ * Compare two ustrings for bitwise equality.
+ * Compares at most <code>n</code> characters.
+ *
+ * @param ucs1 A string to compare.
+ * @param ucs2 A string to compare.
+ * @param n The maximum number of characters to compare.
+ * @return 0 if <code>s1</code> and <code>s2</code> are bitwise equal; a negative
+ * value if <code>s1</code> is bitwise less than <code>s2</code>; a positive
+ * value if <code>s1</code> is bitwise greater than <code>s2</code>.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+u_strncmp(const UChar *ucs1,
+ const UChar *ucs2,
+ int32_t n);
+
+/**
+ * Compare two Unicode strings in code point order.
+ * This is different in UTF-16 from u_strncmp() if supplementary characters are present.
+ * For details, see u_strCompare().
+ *
+ * @param s1 A string to compare.
+ * @param s2 A string to compare.
+ * @param n The maximum number of characters to compare.
+ * @return a negative/zero/positive integer corresponding to whether
+ * the first string is less than/equal to/greater than the second one
+ * in code point order
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+u_strncmpCodePointOrder(const UChar *s1, const UChar *s2, int32_t n);
+
+/**
+ * Compare two strings case-insensitively using full case folding.
+ * This is equivalent to u_strcmp(u_strFoldCase(s1, options), u_strFoldCase(s2, options)).
+ *
+ * @param s1 A string to compare.
+ * @param s2 A string to compare.
+ * @param options A bit set of options:
+ * - U_FOLD_CASE_DEFAULT or 0 is used for default options:
+ * Comparison in code unit order with default case folding.
+ *
+ * - U_COMPARE_CODE_POINT_ORDER
+ * Set to choose code point order instead of code unit order
+ * (see u_strCompare for details).
+ *
+ * - U_FOLD_CASE_EXCLUDE_SPECIAL_I
+ *
+ * @return A negative, zero, or positive integer indicating the comparison result.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+u_strcasecmp(const UChar *s1, const UChar *s2, uint32_t options);
+
+/**
+ * Compare two strings case-insensitively using full case folding.
+ * This is equivalent to u_strcmp(u_strFoldCase(s1, at most n, options),
+ * u_strFoldCase(s2, at most n, options)).
+ *
+ * @param s1 A string to compare.
+ * @param s2 A string to compare.
+ * @param n The maximum number of characters each string to case-fold and then compare.
+ * @param options A bit set of options:
+ * - U_FOLD_CASE_DEFAULT or 0 is used for default options:
+ * Comparison in code unit order with default case folding.
+ *
+ * - U_COMPARE_CODE_POINT_ORDER
+ * Set to choose code point order instead of code unit order
+ * (see u_strCompare for details).
+ *
+ * - U_FOLD_CASE_EXCLUDE_SPECIAL_I
+ *
+ * @return A negative, zero, or positive integer indicating the comparison result.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+u_strncasecmp(const UChar *s1, const UChar *s2, int32_t n, uint32_t options);
+
+/**
+ * Compare two strings case-insensitively using full case folding.
+ * This is equivalent to u_strcmp(u_strFoldCase(s1, n, options),
+ * u_strFoldCase(s2, n, options)).
+ *
+ * @param s1 A string to compare.
+ * @param s2 A string to compare.
+ * @param length The number of characters in each string to case-fold and then compare.
+ * @param options A bit set of options:
+ * - U_FOLD_CASE_DEFAULT or 0 is used for default options:
+ * Comparison in code unit order with default case folding.
+ *
+ * - U_COMPARE_CODE_POINT_ORDER
+ * Set to choose code point order instead of code unit order
+ * (see u_strCompare for details).
+ *
+ * - U_FOLD_CASE_EXCLUDE_SPECIAL_I
+ *
+ * @return A negative, zero, or positive integer indicating the comparison result.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+u_memcasecmp(const UChar *s1, const UChar *s2, int32_t length, uint32_t options);
+
+/**
+ * Copy a ustring. Adds a null terminator.
+ *
+ * @param dst The destination string.
+ * @param src The source string.
+ * @return A pointer to <code>dst</code>.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar* U_EXPORT2
+u_strcpy(UChar *dst,
+ const UChar *src);
+
+/**
+ * Copy a ustring.
+ * Copies at most <code>n</code> characters. The result will be null terminated
+ * if the length of <code>src</code> is less than <code>n</code>.
+ *
+ * @param dst The destination string.
+ * @param src The source string.
+ * @param n The maximum number of characters to copy.
+ * @return A pointer to <code>dst</code>.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar* U_EXPORT2
+u_strncpy(UChar *dst,
+ const UChar *src,
+ int32_t n);
+
+#if !UCONFIG_NO_CONVERSION
+
+/**
+ * Copy a byte string encoded in the default codepage to a ustring.
+ * Adds a null terminator.
+ * Performs a host byte to UChar conversion
+ *
+ * @param dst The destination string.
+ * @param src The source string.
+ * @return A pointer to <code>dst</code>.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar* U_EXPORT2 u_uastrcpy(UChar *dst,
+ const char *src );
+
+/**
+ * Copy a byte string encoded in the default codepage to a ustring.
+ * Copies at most <code>n</code> characters. The result will be null terminated
+ * if the length of <code>src</code> is less than <code>n</code>.
+ * Performs a host byte to UChar conversion
+ *
+ * @param dst The destination string.
+ * @param src The source string.
+ * @param n The maximum number of characters to copy.
+ * @return A pointer to <code>dst</code>.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar* U_EXPORT2 u_uastrncpy(UChar *dst,
+ const char *src,
+ int32_t n);
+
+/**
+ * Copy ustring to a byte string encoded in the default codepage.
+ * Adds a null terminator.
+ * Performs a UChar to host byte conversion
+ *
+ * @param dst The destination string.
+ * @param src The source string.
+ * @return A pointer to <code>dst</code>.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE char* U_EXPORT2 u_austrcpy(char *dst,
+ const UChar *src );
+
+/**
+ * Copy ustring to a byte string encoded in the default codepage.
+ * Copies at most <code>n</code> characters. The result will be null terminated
+ * if the length of <code>src</code> is less than <code>n</code>.
+ * Performs a UChar to host byte conversion
+ *
+ * @param dst The destination string.
+ * @param src The source string.
+ * @param n The maximum number of characters to copy.
+ * @return A pointer to <code>dst</code>.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE char* U_EXPORT2 u_austrncpy(char *dst,
+ const UChar *src,
+ int32_t n );
+
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Synonym for memcpy(), but with UChars only.
+ * @param dest The destination string
+ * @param src The source string
+ * @param count The number of characters to copy
+ * @return A pointer to <code>dest</code>
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar* U_EXPORT2
+u_memcpy(UChar *dest, const UChar *src, int32_t count);
+
+/**
+ * Synonym for memmove(), but with UChars only.
+ * @param dest The destination string
+ * @param src The source string
+ * @param count The number of characters to move
+ * @return A pointer to <code>dest</code>
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar* U_EXPORT2
+u_memmove(UChar *dest, const UChar *src, int32_t count);
+
+/**
+ * Initialize <code>count</code> characters of <code>dest</code> to <code>c</code>.
+ *
+ * @param dest The destination string.
+ * @param c The character to initialize the string.
+ * @param count The maximum number of characters to set.
+ * @return A pointer to <code>dest</code>.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar* U_EXPORT2
+u_memset(UChar *dest, UChar c, int32_t count);
+
+/**
+ * Compare the first <code>count</code> UChars of each buffer.
+ *
+ * @param buf1 The first string to compare.
+ * @param buf2 The second string to compare.
+ * @param count The maximum number of UChars to compare.
+ * @return When buf1 < buf2, a negative number is returned.
+ * When buf1 == buf2, 0 is returned.
+ * When buf1 > buf2, a positive number is returned.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+u_memcmp(const UChar *buf1, const UChar *buf2, int32_t count);
+
+/**
+ * Compare two Unicode strings in code point order.
+ * This is different in UTF-16 from u_memcmp() if supplementary characters are present.
+ * For details, see u_strCompare().
+ *
+ * @param s1 A string to compare.
+ * @param s2 A string to compare.
+ * @param count The maximum number of characters to compare.
+ * @return a negative/zero/positive integer corresponding to whether
+ * the first string is less than/equal to/greater than the second one
+ * in code point order
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+u_memcmpCodePointOrder(const UChar *s1, const UChar *s2, int32_t count);
+
+/**
+ * Find the first occurrence of a BMP code point in a string.
+ * A surrogate code point is found only if its match in the text is not
+ * part of a surrogate pair.
+ * A NUL character is found at the string terminator.
+ *
+ * @param s The string to search (contains <code>count</code> UChars).
+ * @param c The BMP code point to find.
+ * @param count The length of the string.
+ * @return A pointer to the first occurrence of <code>c</code> in <code>s</code>
+ * or <code>NULL</code> if <code>c</code> is not in <code>s</code>.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ *
+ * @see u_strchr
+ * @see u_memchr32
+ * @see u_strFindFirst
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar* U_EXPORT2
+u_memchr(const UChar *s, UChar c, int32_t count);
+
+/**
+ * Find the first occurrence of a code point in a string.
+ * A surrogate code point is found only if its match in the text is not
+ * part of a surrogate pair.
+ * A NUL character is found at the string terminator.
+ *
+ * @param s The string to search (contains <code>count</code> UChars).
+ * @param c The code point to find.
+ * @param count The length of the string.
+ * @return A pointer to the first occurrence of <code>c</code> in <code>s</code>
+ * or <code>NULL</code> if <code>c</code> is not in <code>s</code>.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ *
+ * @see u_strchr32
+ * @see u_memchr
+ * @see u_strFindFirst
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar* U_EXPORT2
+u_memchr32(const UChar *s, UChar32 c, int32_t count);
+
+/**
+ * Find the last occurrence of a BMP code point in a string.
+ * A surrogate code point is found only if its match in the text is not
+ * part of a surrogate pair.
+ * A NUL character is found at the string terminator.
+ *
+ * @param s The string to search (contains <code>count</code> UChars).
+ * @param c The BMP code point to find.
+ * @param count The length of the string.
+ * @return A pointer to the last occurrence of <code>c</code> in <code>s</code>
+ * or <code>NULL</code> if <code>c</code> is not in <code>s</code>.
+ * @stable ICU 2.4
+ *
+ * @see u_strrchr
+ * @see u_memrchr32
+ * @see u_strFindLast
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar* U_EXPORT2
+u_memrchr(const UChar *s, UChar c, int32_t count);
+
+/**
+ * Find the last occurrence of a code point in a string.
+ * A surrogate code point is found only if its match in the text is not
+ * part of a surrogate pair.
+ * A NUL character is found at the string terminator.
+ *
+ * @param s The string to search (contains <code>count</code> UChars).
+ * @param c The code point to find.
+ * @param count The length of the string.
+ * @return A pointer to the last occurrence of <code>c</code> in <code>s</code>
+ * or <code>NULL</code> if <code>c</code> is not in <code>s</code>.
+ * @stable ICU 2.4
+ *
+ * @see u_strrchr32
+ * @see u_memrchr
+ * @see u_strFindLast
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar* U_EXPORT2
+u_memrchr32(const UChar *s, UChar32 c, int32_t count);
+
+/**
+ * Unicode String literals in C.
+ * We need one macro to declare a variable for the string
+ * and to statically preinitialize it if possible,
+ * and a second macro to dynamically intialize such a string variable if necessary.
+ *
+ * The macros are defined for maximum performance.
+ * They work only for strings that contain "invariant characters", i.e.,
+ * only latin letters, digits, and some punctuation.
+ * See utypes.h for details.
+ *
+ * A pair of macros for a single string must be used with the same
+ * parameters.
+ * The string parameter must be a C string literal.
+ * The length of the string, not including the terminating
+ * <code>NUL</code>, must be specified as a constant.
+ * The U_STRING_DECL macro should be invoked exactly once for one
+ * such string variable before it is used.
+ *
+ * Usage:
+ * <pre>
+ * U_STRING_DECL(ustringVar1, "Quick-Fox 2", 11);
+ * U_STRING_DECL(ustringVar2, "jumps 5%", 8);
+ * static UBool didInit=FALSE;
+ *
+ * int32_t function() {
+ * if(!didInit) {
+ * U_STRING_INIT(ustringVar1, "Quick-Fox 2", 11);
+ * U_STRING_INIT(ustringVar2, "jumps 5%", 8);
+ * didInit=TRUE;
+ * }
+ * return u_strcmp(ustringVar1, ustringVar2);
+ * }
+ * </pre>
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+#if U_SIZEOF_WCHAR_T==U_SIZEOF_UCHAR && (U_CHARSET_FAMILY==U_ASCII_FAMILY || (U_SIZEOF_UCHAR == 2 && defined(U_WCHAR_IS_UTF16)))
+# define U_STRING_DECL(var, cs, length) static const wchar_t var[(length)+1]={ L ## cs }
+ /**@stable ICU 2.0 */
+# define U_STRING_INIT(var, cs, length)
+#elif U_SIZEOF_UCHAR==1 && U_CHARSET_FAMILY==U_ASCII_FAMILY
+# define U_STRING_DECL(var, cs, length) static const UChar var[(length)+1]={ (const UChar *)cs }
+ /**@stable ICU 2.0 */
+# define U_STRING_INIT(var, cs, length)
+#else
+# define U_STRING_DECL(var, cs, length) static UChar var[(length)+1]
+ /**@stable ICU 2.0 */
+# define U_STRING_INIT(var, cs, length) u_charsToUChars(cs, var, length+1)
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Unescape a string of characters and write the resulting
+ * Unicode characters to the destination buffer. The following escape
+ * sequences are recognized:
+ *
+ * \\uhhhh 4 hex digits; h in [0-9A-Fa-f]
+ * \\Uhhhhhhhh 8 hex digits
+ * \\xhh 1-2 hex digits
+ * \\x{h...} 1-8 hex digits
+ * \\ooo 1-3 octal digits; o in [0-7]
+ * \\cX control-X; X is masked with 0x1F
+ *
+ * as well as the standard ANSI C escapes:
+ *
+ * \\a => U+0007, \\b => U+0008, \\t => U+0009, \\n => U+000A,
+ * \\v => U+000B, \\f => U+000C, \\r => U+000D, \\e => U+001B,
+ * \\" => U+0022, \\' => U+0027, \\? => U+003F, \\\\ => U+005C
+ *
+ * Anything else following a backslash is generically escaped. For
+ * example, "[a\\-z]" returns "[a-z]".
+ *
+ * If an escape sequence is ill-formed, this method returns an empty
+ * string. An example of an ill-formed sequence is "\\u" followed by
+ * fewer than 4 hex digits.
+ *
+ * The above characters are recognized in the compiler's codepage,
+ * that is, they are coded as 'u', '\\', etc. Characters that are
+ * not parts of escape sequences are converted using u_charsToUChars().
+ *
+ * This function is similar to UnicodeString::unescape() but not
+ * identical to it. The latter takes a source UnicodeString, so it
+ * does escape recognition but no conversion.
+ *
+ * @param src a zero-terminated string of invariant characters
+ * @param dest pointer to buffer to receive converted and unescaped
+ * text and, if there is room, a zero terminator. May be NULL for
+ * preflighting, in which case no UChars will be written, but the
+ * return value will still be valid. On error, an empty string is
+ * stored here (if possible).
+ * @param destCapacity the number of UChars that may be written at
+ * dest. Ignored if dest == NULL.
+ * @return the length of unescaped string.
+ * @see u_unescapeAt
+ * @see UnicodeString#unescape()
+ * @see UnicodeString#unescapeAt()
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+u_unescape(const char *src,
+ UChar *dest, int32_t destCapacity);
+
+U_CDECL_BEGIN
+/**
+ * Callback function for u_unescapeAt() that returns a character of
+ * the source text given an offset and a context pointer. The context
+ * pointer will be whatever is passed into u_unescapeAt().
+ *
+ * @param offset pointer to the offset that will be passed to u_unescapeAt().
+ * @param context an opaque pointer passed directly into u_unescapeAt()
+ * @return the character represented by the escape sequence at
+ * offset
+ * @see u_unescapeAt
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+typedef UChar (U_CALLCONV *UNESCAPE_CHAR_AT)(int32_t offset, void *context);
+U_CDECL_END
+
+/**
+ * Unescape a single sequence. The character at offset-1 is assumed
+ * (without checking) to be a backslash. This method takes a callback
+ * pointer to a function that returns the UChar at a given offset. By
+ * varying this callback, ICU functions are able to unescape char*
+ * strings, UnicodeString objects, and UFILE pointers.
+ *
+ * If offset is out of range, or if the escape sequence is ill-formed,
+ * (UChar32)0xFFFFFFFF is returned. See documentation of u_unescape()
+ * for a list of recognized sequences.
+ *
+ * @param charAt callback function that returns a UChar of the source
+ * text given an offset and a context pointer.
+ * @param offset pointer to the offset that will be passed to charAt.
+ * The offset value will be updated upon return to point after the
+ * last parsed character of the escape sequence. On error the offset
+ * is unchanged.
+ * @param length the number of characters in the source text. The
+ * last character of the source text is considered to be at offset
+ * length-1.
+ * @param context an opaque pointer passed directly into charAt.
+ * @return the character represented by the escape sequence at
+ * offset, or (UChar32)0xFFFFFFFF on error.
+ * @see u_unescape()
+ * @see UnicodeString#unescape()
+ * @see UnicodeString#unescapeAt()
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar32 U_EXPORT2
+u_unescapeAt(UNESCAPE_CHAR_AT charAt,
+ int32_t *offset,
+ int32_t length,
+ void *context);
+
+/**
+ * Uppercase the characters in a string.
+ * Casing is locale-dependent and context-sensitive.
+ * The result may be longer or shorter than the original.
+ * The source string and the destination buffer are allowed to overlap.
+ *
+ * @param dest A buffer for the result string. The result will be zero-terminated if
+ * the buffer is large enough.
+ * @param destCapacity The size of the buffer (number of UChars). If it is 0, then
+ * dest may be NULL and the function will only return the length of the result
+ * without writing any of the result string.
+ * @param src The original string
+ * @param srcLength The length of the original string. If -1, then src must be zero-terminated.
+ * @param locale The locale to consider, or "" for the root locale or NULL for the default locale.
+ * @param pErrorCode Must be a valid pointer to an error code value,
+ * which must not indicate a failure before the function call.
+ * @return The length of the result string. It may be greater than destCapacity. In that case,
+ * only some of the result was written to the destination buffer.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+u_strToUpper(UChar *dest, int32_t destCapacity,
+ const UChar *src, int32_t srcLength,
+ const char *locale,
+ UErrorCode *pErrorCode);
+
+/**
+ * Lowercase the characters in a string.
+ * Casing is locale-dependent and context-sensitive.
+ * The result may be longer or shorter than the original.
+ * The source string and the destination buffer are allowed to overlap.
+ *
+ * @param dest A buffer for the result string. The result will be zero-terminated if
+ * the buffer is large enough.
+ * @param destCapacity The size of the buffer (number of UChars). If it is 0, then
+ * dest may be NULL and the function will only return the length of the result
+ * without writing any of the result string.
+ * @param src The original string
+ * @param srcLength The length of the original string. If -1, then src must be zero-terminated.
+ * @param locale The locale to consider, or "" for the root locale or NULL for the default locale.
+ * @param pErrorCode Must be a valid pointer to an error code value,
+ * which must not indicate a failure before the function call.
+ * @return The length of the result string. It may be greater than destCapacity. In that case,
+ * only some of the result was written to the destination buffer.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+u_strToLower(UChar *dest, int32_t destCapacity,
+ const UChar *src, int32_t srcLength,
+ const char *locale,
+ UErrorCode *pErrorCode);
+
+#if !UCONFIG_NO_BREAK_ITERATION
+
+/**
+ * Titlecase a string.
+ * Casing is locale-dependent and context-sensitive.
+ * Titlecasing uses a break iterator to find the first characters of words
+ * that are to be titlecased. It titlecases those characters and lowercases
+ * all others.
+ *
+ * The titlecase break iterator can be provided to customize for arbitrary
+ * styles, using rules and dictionaries beyond the standard iterators.
+ * It may be more efficient to always provide an iterator to avoid
+ * opening and closing one for each string.
+ * The standard titlecase iterator for the root locale implements the
+ * algorithm of Unicode TR 21.
+ *
+ * This function uses only the first() and next() methods of the
+ * provided break iterator.
+ *
+ * The result may be longer or shorter than the original.
+ * The source string and the destination buffer are allowed to overlap.
+ *
+ * @param dest A buffer for the result string. The result will be zero-terminated if
+ * the buffer is large enough.
+ * @param destCapacity The size of the buffer (number of UChars). If it is 0, then
+ * dest may be NULL and the function will only return the length of the result
+ * without writing any of the result string.
+ * @param src The original string
+ * @param srcLength The length of the original string. If -1, then src must be zero-terminated.
+ * @param titleIter A break iterator to find the first characters of words
+ * that are to be titlecased.
+ * If none is provided (NULL), then a standard titlecase
+ * break iterator is opened.
+ * @param locale The locale to consider, or "" for the root locale or NULL for the default locale.
+ * @param pErrorCode Must be a valid pointer to an error code value,
+ * which must not indicate a failure before the function call.
+ * @return The length of the result string. It may be greater than destCapacity. In that case,
+ * only some of the result was written to the destination buffer.
+ * @stable ICU 2.1
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+u_strToTitle(UChar *dest, int32_t destCapacity,
+ const UChar *src, int32_t srcLength,
+ UBreakIterator *titleIter,
+ const char *locale,
+ UErrorCode *pErrorCode);
+
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Case-fold the characters in a string.
+ * Case-folding is locale-independent and not context-sensitive,
+ * but there is an option for whether to include or exclude mappings for dotted I
+ * and dotless i that are marked with 'I' in CaseFolding.txt.
+ * The result may be longer or shorter than the original.
+ * The source string and the destination buffer are allowed to overlap.
+ *
+ * @param dest A buffer for the result string. The result will be zero-terminated if
+ * the buffer is large enough.
+ * @param destCapacity The size of the buffer (number of UChars). If it is 0, then
+ * dest may be NULL and the function will only return the length of the result
+ * without writing any of the result string.
+ * @param src The original string
+ * @param srcLength The length of the original string. If -1, then src must be zero-terminated.
+ * @param options Either U_FOLD_CASE_DEFAULT or U_FOLD_CASE_EXCLUDE_SPECIAL_I
+ * @param pErrorCode Must be a valid pointer to an error code value,
+ * which must not indicate a failure before the function call.
+ * @return The length of the result string. It may be greater than destCapacity. In that case,
+ * only some of the result was written to the destination buffer.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+u_strFoldCase(UChar *dest, int32_t destCapacity,
+ const UChar *src, int32_t srcLength,
+ uint32_t options,
+ UErrorCode *pErrorCode);
+
+/**
+ * Converts a sequence of UChars to wchar_t units.
+ *
+ * @param dest A buffer for the result string. The result will be zero-terminated if
+ * the buffer is large enough.
+ * @param destCapacity The size of the buffer (number of wchar_t's). If it is 0, then
+ * dest may be NULL and the function will only return the length of the
+ * result without writing any of the result string (pre-flighting).
+ * @param pDestLength A pointer to receive the number of units written to the destination. If
+ * pDestLength!=NULL then *pDestLength is always set to the
+ * number of output units corresponding to the transformation of
+ * all the input units, even in case of a buffer overflow.
+ * @param src The original source string
+ * @param srcLength The length of the original string. If -1, then src must be zero-terminated.
+ * @param pErrorCode Must be a valid pointer to an error code value,
+ * which must not indicate a failure before the function call.
+ * @return The pointer to destination buffer.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE wchar_t* U_EXPORT2
+u_strToWCS(wchar_t *dest,
+ int32_t destCapacity,
+ int32_t *pDestLength,
+ const UChar *src,
+ int32_t srcLength,
+ UErrorCode *pErrorCode);
+/**
+ * Converts a sequence of wchar_t units to UChars
+ *
+ * @param dest A buffer for the result string. The result will be zero-terminated if
+ * the buffer is large enough.
+ * @param destCapacity The size of the buffer (number of UChars). If it is 0, then
+ * dest may be NULL and the function will only return the length of the
+ * result without writing any of the result string (pre-flighting).
+ * @param pDestLength A pointer to receive the number of units written to the destination. If
+ * pDestLength!=NULL then *pDestLength is always set to the
+ * number of output units corresponding to the transformation of
+ * all the input units, even in case of a buffer overflow.
+ * @param src The original source string
+ * @param srcLength The length of the original string. If -1, then src must be zero-terminated.
+ * @param pErrorCode Must be a valid pointer to an error code value,
+ * which must not indicate a failure before the function call.
+ * @return The pointer to destination buffer.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar* U_EXPORT2
+u_strFromWCS(UChar *dest,
+ int32_t destCapacity,
+ int32_t *pDestLength,
+ const wchar_t *src,
+ int32_t srcLength,
+ UErrorCode *pErrorCode);
+/**
+ * Converts a sequence of UChars (UTF-16) to UTF-8 bytes
+ *
+ * @param dest A buffer for the result string. The result will be zero-terminated if
+ * the buffer is large enough.
+ * @param destCapacity The size of the buffer (number of chars). If it is 0, then
+ * dest may be NULL and the function will only return the length of the
+ * result without writing any of the result string (pre-flighting).
+ * @param pDestLength A pointer to receive the number of units written to the destination. If
+ * pDestLength!=NULL then *pDestLength is always set to the
+ * number of output units corresponding to the transformation of
+ * all the input units, even in case of a buffer overflow.
+ * @param src The original source string
+ * @param srcLength The length of the original string. If -1, then src must be zero-terminated.
+ * @param pErrorCode Must be a valid pointer to an error code value,
+ * which must not indicate a failure before the function call.
+ * @return The pointer to destination buffer.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE char* U_EXPORT2
+u_strToUTF8(char *dest,
+ int32_t destCapacity,
+ int32_t *pDestLength,
+ const UChar *src,
+ int32_t srcLength,
+ UErrorCode *pErrorCode);
+
+/**
+ * Converts a sequence of UTF-8 bytes to UChars (UTF-16).
+ *
+ * @param dest A buffer for the result string. The result will be zero-terminated if
+ * the buffer is large enough.
+ * @param destCapacity The size of the buffer (number of UChars). If it is 0, then
+ * dest may be NULL and the function will only return the length of the
+ * result without writing any of the result string (pre-flighting).
+ * @param pDestLength A pointer to receive the number of units written to the destination. If
+ * pDestLength!=NULL then *pDestLength is always set to the
+ * number of output units corresponding to the transformation of
+ * all the input units, even in case of a buffer overflow.
+ * @param src The original source string
+ * @param srcLength The length of the original string. If -1, then src must be zero-terminated.
+ * @param pErrorCode Must be a valid pointer to an error code value,
+ * which must not indicate a failure before the function call.
+ * @return The pointer to destination buffer.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar* U_EXPORT2
+u_strFromUTF8(UChar *dest,
+ int32_t destCapacity,
+ int32_t *pDestLength,
+ const char *src,
+ int32_t srcLength,
+ UErrorCode *pErrorCode);
+
+/**
+ * Converts a sequence of UChars (UTF-16) to UTF32 units.
+ *
+ * @param dest A buffer for the result string. The result will be zero-terminated if
+ * the buffer is large enough.
+ * @param destCapacity The size of the buffer (number of UChar32s). If it is 0, then
+ * dest may be NULL and the function will only return the length of the
+ * result without writing any of the result string (pre-flighting).
+ * @param pDestLength A pointer to receive the number of units written to the destination. If
+ * pDestLength!=NULL then *pDestLength is always set to the
+ * number of output units corresponding to the transformation of
+ * all the input units, even in case of a buffer overflow.
+ * @param src The original source string
+ * @param srcLength The length of the original string. If -1, then src must be zero-terminated.
+ * @param pErrorCode Must be a valid pointer to an error code value,
+ * which must not indicate a failure before the function call.
+ * @return The pointer to destination buffer.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar32* U_EXPORT2
+u_strToUTF32(UChar32 *dest,
+ int32_t destCapacity,
+ int32_t *pDestLength,
+ const UChar *src,
+ int32_t srcLength,
+ UErrorCode *pErrorCode);
+
+/**
+ * Converts a sequence of UTF32 units to UChars (UTF-16)
+ *
+ * @param dest A buffer for the result string. The result will be zero-terminated if
+ * the buffer is large enough.
+ * @param destCapacity The size of the buffer (number of UChars). If it is 0, then
+ * dest may be NULL and the function will only return the length of the
+ * result without writing any of the result string (pre-flighting).
+ * @param pDestLength A pointer to receive the number of units written to the destination. If
+ * pDestLength!=NULL then *pDestLength is always set to the
+ * number of output units corresponding to the transformation of
+ * all the input units, even in case of a buffer overflow.
+ * @param src The original source string
+ * @param srcLength The length of the original string. If -1, then src must be zero-terminated.
+ * @param pErrorCode Must be a valid pointer to an error code value,
+ * which must not indicate a failure before the function call.
+ * @return The pointer to destination buffer.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE UChar* U_EXPORT2
+u_strFromUTF32(UChar *dest,
+ int32_t destCapacity,
+ int32_t *pDestLength,
+ const UChar32 *src,
+ int32_t srcLength,
+ UErrorCode *pErrorCode);
+
+#endif