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<concept id="GUID-86086CA3-9A2E-4024-BE80-1763614A5079" xml:lang="en"><title>Character

Conversion in Symbian C++ and GNU C</title><shortdesc>Symbian C++ supports character conversion between Unicode and other

native character sets.</shortdesc><prolog><metadata><keywords/></metadata></prolog><conbody>

<p>GNU C supports character conversion: <ul>

<li><p>between Unicode and other native character sets</p></li>

<li><p>from a native character set to another native character set.</p></li>

</ul></p>

<p>The following example illustrates the steps to be followed to convert from

one native character set to another native character set. In GNU C it is straightforward.

In Symbian C++ more lines of code are needed to do the same work. The example

converts a string from the ISO-8859-1 character set to the ISO-8859-2

character set. </p>

<p><b>GNU C</b></p>

<codeblock xml:space="preserve">#include &lt;iconv.h&gt;

#include <stddef.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include <string.h>

#include <errno.h>

int main (void)

{

 iconv_t cd;

 const char *inbuf = "abcd";

 char *outbuf = NULL;;

 size_t inbytes,outbytes;

 cd = iconv_open ("ISO-8859-2", "ISO-8859-1");

 if (cd == (iconv_t) -1)

 {

   printf ("iconv_open failed errno = %d\n",errno);

   iconv_close(cd);

   return 1;

 }

 outbuf = (char*) malloc(4);

 inbytes = outbytes = 4 ;

 iconv (cd, &inbuf, &inbytes, &outbuf, &outbytes);

 if (iconv (cd, &inbuf, &inbytes, &outbuf, &outbytes) == (size_t) -1)

     printf(" errno = %d \n",errno);

 else

       printf("Iconv passed\n");

 iconv_close (cd);

 return 1;

}

</codeblock>

<p><b>SYMBIAN C++ </b></p>

<ul>

<li><p>Specify the non-Unicode character set being converted to Unicode. In

this case it is ISO-8859-1.</p></li>

<li><p>Convert the text from the native character set to Unicode.</p></li>

<li><p>Specify the non-Unicode character set being converted from Unicode.

In this case it is ISO-8859-2 </p></li>

<li><p>Convert the text from Unicode to the native character set </p></li>

</ul>

<codeblock xml:space="preserve">#include &lt;e32base.h&gt;

#include <e32cons.h>

#include <charconv.h>

#include <f32file.h>

#include <string.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

LIT8(KNativeText, "abcd");

LOCAL_C int doExampleL()

{

   char *inbuf = "abcd";

   char *outbuf = NULL;

   int inbytes,outbytes;

   inbytes = outbytes = 4; 

   TInt retVal = KErrNone;

   outbuf = (char*) malloc(outbytes);

   RFs fileSession;

   User::LeaveIfError(fileSession.Connect());

   CleanupClosePushL(fileSession);

  //Allocates and constructs a CCnvCharacterSetConverter object

  CnvCharacterSetConverter* conv = CCnvCharacterSetConverter::NewLC() ;

  TPtrC8 remainderOfForeignText((const TText8*) inbuf,inbytes);

  TBuf16<256> UnicodeText;

  TBuf8<256> outputBuffer;

  TInt numberOfUnconvertibleCharacters = 0;

  TInt indexOfFirstByteOfFirstUnconvertibleCharacter = 0;

  //Specifies the character set(ISO-8859-1) to convert to UNICODE

  CCnvCharacterSetConverter::TAvailability  avail = conv->PrepareToConvertToOrFromL (KCharacterSetIdentifierIso88591, fileSession);

 if(CCnvCharacterSetConverter::ENotAvailable == avail)

 {

   CleanupStack::PopAndDestroy(2);  //conv, fileSession

   return KErrGeneral;

 }

 //Convert text encoded in the ISO-8859-1 character set into the Unicode character set (UCS-2).

 retVal = conv->ConvertToUnicode(UnicodeText, remainderOfForeignText, numberOfUnconvertibleCharacters, indexOfFirstByteOfFirstUnconvertibleCharacter);

 if(retVal < 0 && (retVal != CCnvCharacterSetConverter::EErrorIllFormedInput))

 {

  CleanupStack::PopAndDestroy(2);  //conv, fileSession

  return retVal;

 }

 //Specifies the character set(ISO-8859-2) to convert from UNICODE

 avail = conv->PrepareToConvertToOrFromL(KCharacterSetIdentifierIso88592, fileSession);

 if(CCnvCharacterSetConverter::ENotAvailable == avail)

 {

   CleanupStack::PopAndDestroy(2);  //conv, fileSession

   return KErrGeneral;

 }

 //Convert text encoded in the Unicode character set (UCS-2) to  ISO-8859-2

 retVal = conv->ConvertFromUnicode(outputBuffer,UnicodeText, numberOfUnconvertibleCharacters, indexOfFirstByteOfFirstUnconvertibleCharacter);

 if(retVal < 0 && (retVal != CCnvCharacterSetConverter::EErrorIllFormedInput))

 {

   CleanupStack::PopAndDestroy(2);  //conv, fileSession

   return retVal;

 }

 TInt outputbufferLength = outputBuffer.Length();

 strncpy(outbuf, (const char*) outputBuffer.Ptr(),outputbufferLength);

 outbuf = outbuf + outputbufferLength;

 CleanupStack::PopAndDestroy(2); //conv, fileSession

 return retVal;

}

</codeblock>