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<!DOCTYPE concept
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<concept id="GUID-5879E34A-B0AB-5609-9C81-E0E8D772E722" xml:lang="en"><title>Power
State Transitions</title><shortdesc>This topic describes power state transitions and how domains behave
when these happen. </shortdesc><prolog><metadata><keywords/></metadata></prolog><conbody>
<p>The architecture defines four possible transitions between these three
states, as shown by the diagram below: </p>
<fig id="GUID-B7975B68-B2AC-5BEA-BD31-2B37CB8D1B54">
<image href="GUID-87A1B62D-4C89-52B8-8BF3-BDE0AC53916C_d0e384766_href.png" placement="inline"/>
</fig>
<section id="GUID-A3951A4A-C7B7-594D-87FD-F3DB0FDFB971"><title>Active to Standby</title> <p>The
decision to initiate a system-wide power transition from the <i>Active</i> state
to the <i>Standby</i> state can be made by an explicit user or application
request, or by a power management policy decision. </p> <p>The transition
occurs as a cascade of events. First, all domains are moved into the <i>Standby</i> state,
starting at the bottom of the domain hierarchy, and working through all child
domains before proceeding to the parent domains. A domain has reached the <i>Standby</i> state
when all its registered applications have acknowledged the transition (or
the domain time-out expires as explained in <xref href="GUID-BBCC018A-BBD3-5609-8FCB-C9BF7EC5F627.dita">Protocol
for domain state transitions</xref>). </p> <p>Once all domains have reached
the <i>Standby</i> state, the transition continues with the kernel-side, which
notifies drivers' <xref href="GUID-0C435514-EEC6-5660-BB5F-535790349632.dita#GUID-0C435514-EEC6-5660-BB5F-535790349632/GUID-DC5F1ECD-CCA3-59FF-A2F1-A3DBD76CD458">Power
handlers</xref>. Once all notified drivers have finished their transition,
the kernel-side completes the transition by moving RAM and the CPU into the <i>Standby</i> state.
Before entering the standby state, the power management hardware must be configured
to wake the system up when a wake-up event occurs. </p> <p>This transition
may stopped at any point, and a reverse transition to the <i>Active</i> state
started as a result of a wake-up event. </p> </section>
<section id="GUID-8DC2BEE8-9BD1-5409-8C42-DA98E8C4DA80"><title>Active to Off</title> <p>The
decision to initiate a system-wide power transition from the <i>Active</i> state
to the <i>Off</i> state can be made by an explicit user or application request,
or by a power management policy decision. </p> <p>The transition occurs as
a cascade of events. First, all domains are moved into the <i>Off</i> state,
starting at the bottom of the domain hierarchy, and working through all child
domains before proceeding to the parent domains. A domain has reached the <i>Off</i> state
when all its registered applications have acknowledged the transition (or
the domain time-out expires as explained in <xref href="GUID-BBCC018A-BBD3-5609-8FCB-C9BF7EC5F627.dita">Protocol
for domain state transitions</xref>). </p> <p>Once all domains have reached
the <i>Off</i> state, the transition continues with the kernel-side, which
notifies drivers' <xref href="GUID-0C435514-EEC6-5660-BB5F-535790349632.dita#GUID-0C435514-EEC6-5660-BB5F-535790349632/GUID-DC5F1ECD-CCA3-59FF-A2F1-A3DBD76CD458">power
handlers</xref>. Once all notified drivers have finished their transition,
the kernel-side completes the transition by moving RAM and the CPU into the <i>Off</i> state. </p> <p>The
transition cannot be stopped. The only way to revert back to the <i>Active</i> state
is by a reboot. </p> </section>
<section id="GUID-11C617F9-0BAB-5588-9C87-F3823B52B85A"><title>Wake-up</title> <p>A
wake-up event can occur: </p> <ul>
<li id="GUID-781C032E-9907-53E9-BFAD-6F6DDB62700A"><p>when the whole system
has reached, and is in, the <i>Standby</i> state </p> </li>
<li id="GUID-822EAC26-2305-5CB8-8CB8-6EB434A4C512"><p>while the system is
moving towards the <i>Standby</i> state, but has not yet reached it. </p> </li>
</ul> <p>In the first case, the transition occurs in the exact reverse order
to that stated in <xref href="GUID-5879E34A-B0AB-5609-9C81-E0E8D772E722.dita#GUID-5879E34A-B0AB-5609-9C81-E0E8D772E722/GUID-A3951A4A-C7B7-594D-87FD-F3DB0FDFB971">Active
to Standby</xref>, i.e. powering up RAM and CPU, notifying drivers of the
power-up transition, sending a wake-up event to the user-side resulting in
a power transition of domains starting at the top of the domain hierarchy. </p> <p>In
the second case, those domains and applications that have not yet been notified
of the original transition to the <i>Standby</i> state will not be so notified,
while those that have been notified will subsequently receive a further notification
of the transition back to the <i>Active</i> state. </p> </section>
</conbody><related-links>
<link href="GUID-113B3755-1797-5D1B-8E07-8A18F5FE1504.dita"><linktext>Power States</linktext>
</link>
</related-links></concept>