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129 .\" ======================================================================== |
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130 .\" |
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131 .IX Title "GPL 7" |
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132 .TH GPL 7 "2005-12-01" "gcc-3.4.5" "GNU" |
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133 .SH "NAME" |
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134 gpl \- GNU General Public License |
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135 .SH "DESCRIPTION" |
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136 .IX Header "DESCRIPTION" |
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137 .Sh "\s-1GNU\s0 \s-1GENERAL\s0 \s-1PUBLIC\s0 \s-1LICENSE\s0" |
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138 .IX Subsection "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" |
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139 .Sh "Version 2, June 1991" |
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140 .IX Subsection "Version 2, June 1991" |
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141 .Vb 2 |
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142 \& Copyright (c) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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143 \& 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA |
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144 .Ve |
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145 .PP |
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146 .Vb 2 |
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147 \& Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies |
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148 \& of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. |
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149 .Ve |
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150 .Sh "Preamble" |
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151 .IX Subsection "Preamble" |
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152 .Vb 9 |
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153 \& The licenses for most software are designed to take away your |
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154 \&freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public |
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155 \&License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free |
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156 \&software---to make sure the software is free for all its users. This |
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157 \&General Public License applies to most of the Free Software |
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158 \&Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to |
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159 \&using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by |
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160 \&the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to |
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161 \&your programs, too. |
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162 .Ve |
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163 .PP |
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164 .Vb 6 |
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165 \& When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not |
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166 \&price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you |
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167 \&have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for |
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168 \&this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it |
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169 \&if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it |
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170 \&in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. |
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171 .Ve |
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172 .PP |
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173 .Vb 4 |
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174 \& To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid |
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175 \&anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. |
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176 \&These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you |
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177 \&distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it. |
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178 .Ve |
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179 .PP |
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180 .Vb 5 |
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181 \& For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether |
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182 \&gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that |
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183 \&you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the |
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184 \&source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their |
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185 \&rights. |
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186 .Ve |
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187 .PP |
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188 .Vb 3 |
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189 \& We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and |
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190 \&(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, |
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191 \&distribute and/or modify the software. |
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192 .Ve |
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193 .PP |
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194 .Vb 6 |
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195 \& Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain |
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196 \&that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free |
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197 \&software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we |
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198 \&want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so |
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199 \&that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original |
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200 \&authors' reputations. |
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201 .Ve |
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202 .PP |
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203 .Vb 5 |
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204 \& Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software |
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205 \&patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free |
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206 \&program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the |
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207 \&program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any |
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208 \&patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. |
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209 .Ve |
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210 .PP |
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211 .Vb 2 |
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212 \& The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and |
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213 \&modification follow. |
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214 .Ve |
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215 .Sh "\s-1TERMS\s0 \s-1AND\s0 \s-1CONDITIONS\s0 \s-1FOR\s0 \s-1COPYING\s0, \s-1DISTRIBUTION\s0 \s-1AND\s0 \s-1MODIFICATION\s0" |
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216 .IX Subsection "TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION" |
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217 .IP "0." 4 |
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218 This License applies to any program or other work which contains |
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219 a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed |
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220 under the terms of this General Public License. The ``Program'', below, |
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221 refers to any such program or work, and a ``work based on the Program'' |
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222 means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: |
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223 that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, |
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224 either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another |
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225 language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in |
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226 the term ``modification''.) Each licensee is addressed as ``you''. |
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227 .Sp |
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228 Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not |
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229 covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of |
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230 running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program |
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231 is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the |
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232 Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). |
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233 Whether that is true depends on what the Program does. |
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234 .IP "1." 4 |
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235 You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's |
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236 source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you |
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237 conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate |
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238 copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the |
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239 notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; |
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240 and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License |
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241 along with the Program. |
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242 .Sp |
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243 You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and |
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244 you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. |
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245 .IP "2." 4 |
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246 You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion |
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247 of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and |
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248 distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 |
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249 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: |
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250 .RS 4 |
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251 .IP "a." 4 |
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252 You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices |
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253 stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. |
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254 .IP "b." 4 |
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255 You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in |
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256 whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any |
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257 part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third |
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258 parties under the terms of this License. |
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259 .IP "c." 4 |
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260 If the modified program normally reads commands interactively |
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261 when run, you must cause it, when started running for such |
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262 interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an |
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263 announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a |
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264 notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide |
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265 a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under |
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266 these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this |
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267 License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but |
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268 does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on |
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269 the Program is not required to print an announcement.) |
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270 .RE |
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271 .RS 4 |
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272 .Sp |
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273 These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If |
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274 identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, |
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275 and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in |
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276 themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those |
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277 sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you |
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278 distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based |
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279 on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of |
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280 this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the |
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281 entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it. |
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282 .Sp |
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283 Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest |
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284 your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to |
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285 exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or |
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286 collective works based on the Program. |
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287 .Sp |
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288 In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program |
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289 with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of |
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290 a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under |
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291 the scope of this License. |
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292 .RE |
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293 .IP "3." 4 |
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294 You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, |
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295 under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of |
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296 Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: |
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297 .RS 4 |
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298 .IP "a." 4 |
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299 Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable |
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300 source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections |
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301 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, |
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302 .IP "b." 4 |
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303 Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three |
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304 years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your |
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305 cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete |
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306 machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be |
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307 distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium |
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308 customarily used for software interchange; or, |
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309 .IP "c." 4 |
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310 Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer |
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311 to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is |
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312 allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you |
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313 received the program in object code or executable form with such |
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314 an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.) |
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315 .RE |
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316 .RS 4 |
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317 .Sp |
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318 The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for |
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319 making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source |
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320 code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any |
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321 associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to |
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322 control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a |
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323 special exception, the source code distributed need not include |
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324 anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary |
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325 form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the |
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326 operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component |
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327 itself accompanies the executable. |
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328 .Sp |
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329 If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering |
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330 access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent |
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331 access to copy the source code from the same place counts as |
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332 distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not |
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333 compelled to copy the source along with the object code. |
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334 .RE |
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335 .IP "4." 4 |
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336 You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program |
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337 except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt |
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338 otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is |
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339 void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. |
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340 However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under |
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341 this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such |
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342 parties remain in full compliance. |
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343 .IP "5." 4 |
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344 You are not required to accept this License, since you have not |
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345 signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or |
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346 distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are |
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347 prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by |
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348 modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the |
|
349 Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and |
|
350 all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying |
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351 the Program or works based on it. |
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352 .IP "6." 4 |
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353 Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the |
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354 Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the |
|
355 original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to |
|
356 these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further |
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357 restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. |
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358 You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to |
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359 this License. |
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360 .IP "7." 4 |
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361 If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent |
|
362 infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), |
|
363 conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or |
|
364 otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not |
|
365 excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot |
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366 distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this |
|
367 License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you |
|
368 may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent |
|
369 license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by |
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370 all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then |
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371 the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to |
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372 refrain entirely from distribution of the Program. |
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373 .Sp |
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374 If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under |
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375 any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to |
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376 apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other |
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377 circumstances. |
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378 .Sp |
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379 It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any |
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380 patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any |
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381 such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the |
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382 integrity of the free software distribution system, which is |
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383 implemented by public license practices. Many people have made |
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384 generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed |
|
385 through that system in reliance on consistent application of that |
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386 system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing |
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387 to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot |
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388 impose that choice. |
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389 .Sp |
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390 This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to |
|
391 be a consequence of the rest of this License. |
|
392 .IP "8." 4 |
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393 If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in |
|
394 certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the |
|
395 original copyright holder who places the Program under this License |
|
396 may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding |
|
397 those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among |
|
398 countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates |
|
399 the limitation as if written in the body of this License. |
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400 .IP "9." 4 |
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401 The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions |
|
402 of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will |
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403 be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to |
|
404 address new problems or concerns. |
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405 .Sp |
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406 Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program |
|
407 specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and ``any |
|
408 later version'', you have the option of following the terms and conditions |
|
409 either of that version or of any later version published by the Free |
|
410 Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of |
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411 this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software |
|
412 Foundation. |
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413 .IP "10." 4 |
|
414 .IX Item "10." |
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415 If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free |
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416 programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author |
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417 to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free |
|
418 Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes |
|
419 make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals |
|
420 of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and |
|
421 of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. |
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422 .Sh "\s-1NO\s0 \s-1WARRANTY\s0" |
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423 .IX Subsection "NO WARRANTY" |
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424 .IP "11." 4 |
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425 .IX Item "11." |
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426 \&\s-1BECAUSE\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1PROGRAM\s0 \s-1IS\s0 \s-1LICENSED\s0 \s-1FREE\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1CHARGE\s0, \s-1THERE\s0 \s-1IS\s0 \s-1NO\s0 \s-1WARRANTY\s0 |
|
427 \&\s-1FOR\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1PROGRAM\s0, \s-1TO\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1EXTENT\s0 \s-1PERMITTED\s0 \s-1BY\s0 \s-1APPLICABLE\s0 \s-1LAW\s0. \s-1EXCEPT\s0 \s-1WHEN\s0 |
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428 \&\s-1OTHERWISE\s0 \s-1STATED\s0 \s-1IN\s0 \s-1WRITING\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1COPYRIGHT\s0 \s-1HOLDERS\s0 \s-1AND/OR\s0 \s-1OTHER\s0 \s-1PARTIES\s0 |
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429 \&\s-1PROVIDE\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1PROGRAM\s0 ``\s-1AS\s0 \s-1IS\s0'' \s-1WITHOUT\s0 \s-1WARRANTY\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1ANY\s0 \s-1KIND\s0, \s-1EITHER\s0 \s-1EXPRESSED\s0 |
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430 \&\s-1OR\s0 \s-1IMPLIED\s0, \s-1INCLUDING\s0, \s-1BUT\s0 \s-1NOT\s0 \s-1LIMITED\s0 \s-1TO\s0, \s-1THE\s0 \s-1IMPLIED\s0 \s-1WARRANTIES\s0 \s-1OF\s0 |
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431 \&\s-1MERCHANTABILITY\s0 \s-1AND\s0 \s-1FITNESS\s0 \s-1FOR\s0 A \s-1PARTICULAR\s0 \s-1PURPOSE\s0. \s-1THE\s0 \s-1ENTIRE\s0 \s-1RISK\s0 \s-1AS\s0 |
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432 \&\s-1TO\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1QUALITY\s0 \s-1AND\s0 \s-1PERFORMANCE\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1PROGRAM\s0 \s-1IS\s0 \s-1WITH\s0 \s-1YOU\s0. \s-1SHOULD\s0 \s-1THE\s0 |
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433 \&\s-1PROGRAM\s0 \s-1PROVE\s0 \s-1DEFECTIVE\s0, \s-1YOU\s0 \s-1ASSUME\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1COST\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1ALL\s0 \s-1NECESSARY\s0 \s-1SERVICING\s0, |
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434 \&\s-1REPAIR\s0 \s-1OR\s0 \s-1CORRECTION\s0. |
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435 .IP "12." 4 |
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436 .IX Item "12." |
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437 \&\s-1IN\s0 \s-1NO\s0 \s-1EVENT\s0 \s-1UNLESS\s0 \s-1REQUIRED\s0 \s-1BY\s0 \s-1APPLICABLE\s0 \s-1LAW\s0 \s-1OR\s0 \s-1AGREED\s0 \s-1TO\s0 \s-1IN\s0 \s-1WRITING\s0 |
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438 \&\s-1WILL\s0 \s-1ANY\s0 \s-1COPYRIGHT\s0 \s-1HOLDER\s0, \s-1OR\s0 \s-1ANY\s0 \s-1OTHER\s0 \s-1PARTY\s0 \s-1WHO\s0 \s-1MAY\s0 \s-1MODIFY\s0 \s-1AND/OR\s0 |
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439 \&\s-1REDISTRIBUTE\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1PROGRAM\s0 \s-1AS\s0 \s-1PERMITTED\s0 \s-1ABOVE\s0, \s-1BE\s0 \s-1LIABLE\s0 \s-1TO\s0 \s-1YOU\s0 \s-1FOR\s0 \s-1DAMAGES\s0, |
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440 \&\s-1INCLUDING\s0 \s-1ANY\s0 \s-1GENERAL\s0, \s-1SPECIAL\s0, \s-1INCIDENTAL\s0 \s-1OR\s0 \s-1CONSEQUENTIAL\s0 \s-1DAMAGES\s0 \s-1ARISING\s0 |
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441 \&\s-1OUT\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1USE\s0 \s-1OR\s0 \s-1INABILITY\s0 \s-1TO\s0 \s-1USE\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1PROGRAM\s0 (\s-1INCLUDING\s0 \s-1BUT\s0 \s-1NOT\s0 \s-1LIMITED\s0 |
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442 \&\s-1TO\s0 \s-1LOSS\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1DATA\s0 \s-1OR\s0 \s-1DATA\s0 \s-1BEING\s0 \s-1RENDERED\s0 \s-1INACCURATE\s0 \s-1OR\s0 \s-1LOSSES\s0 \s-1SUSTAINED\s0 \s-1BY\s0 |
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443 \&\s-1YOU\s0 \s-1OR\s0 \s-1THIRD\s0 \s-1PARTIES\s0 \s-1OR\s0 A \s-1FAILURE\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1PROGRAM\s0 \s-1TO\s0 \s-1OPERATE\s0 \s-1WITH\s0 \s-1ANY\s0 \s-1OTHER\s0 |
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444 \&\s-1PROGRAMS\s0), \s-1EVEN\s0 \s-1IF\s0 \s-1SUCH\s0 \s-1HOLDER\s0 \s-1OR\s0 \s-1OTHER\s0 \s-1PARTY\s0 \s-1HAS\s0 \s-1BEEN\s0 \s-1ADVISED\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1THE\s0 |
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445 \&\s-1POSSIBILITY\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1SUCH\s0 \s-1DAMAGES\s0. |
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446 .Sh "\s-1END\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1TERMS\s0 \s-1AND\s0 \s-1CONDITIONS\s0" |
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447 .IX Subsection "END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS" |
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448 .Sh "How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs" |
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449 .IX Subsection "How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs" |
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450 .Vb 3 |
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451 \& If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest |
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452 \&possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it |
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453 \&free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. |
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454 .Ve |
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455 .PP |
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456 .Vb 4 |
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457 \& To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest |
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458 \&to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively |
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459 \&convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least |
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460 \&the ``copyright'' line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. |
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461 .Ve |
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462 .PP |
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463 .Vb 2 |
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464 \& <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.> |
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465 \& Copyright (C) <year> <name of author> |
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466 .Ve |
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467 .PP |
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468 .Vb 4 |
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469 \& This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify |
|
470 \& it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by |
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471 \& the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or |
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472 \& (at your option) any later version. |
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473 .Ve |
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474 .PP |
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475 .Vb 4 |
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476 \& This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, |
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477 \& but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of |
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478 \& MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the |
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479 \& GNU General Public License for more details. |
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480 .Ve |
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481 .PP |
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482 .Vb 3 |
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483 \& You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License |
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484 \& along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, |
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485 \& Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. |
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486 .Ve |
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487 .PP |
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488 Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. |
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489 .PP |
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490 If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this |
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491 when it starts in an interactive mode: |
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492 .PP |
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493 .Vb 5 |
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494 \& Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) <year> <name of author> |
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495 \& Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details |
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496 \& type `show w'. |
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497 \& This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it |
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498 \& under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. |
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499 .Ve |
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500 .PP |
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501 The hypothetical commands \fBshow w\fR and \fBshow c\fR should show |
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502 the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the |
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503 commands you use may be called something other than \fBshow w\fR and |
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504 \&\fBshow c\fR; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items\-\-\-whatever |
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505 suits your program. |
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506 .PP |
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507 You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your |
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508 school, if any, to sign a ``copyright disclaimer'' for the program, if |
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509 necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: |
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510 .PP |
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511 .Vb 2 |
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512 \& Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program |
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513 \& `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker. |
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514 .Ve |
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515 .PP |
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516 .Vb 2 |
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517 \& <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989 |
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518 \& Ty Coon, President of Vice |
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519 .Ve |
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520 .PP |
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521 This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into |
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522 proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may |
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523 consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the |
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524 library. If this is what you want to do, use the \s-1GNU\s0 Library General |
|
525 Public License instead of this License. |
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526 .SH "SEE ALSO" |
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527 .IX Header "SEE ALSO" |
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528 \&\fIgfdl\fR\|(7), \fIfsf\-funding\fR\|(7). |
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529 .SH "COPYRIGHT" |
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530 .IX Header "COPYRIGHT" |
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531 Copyright (c) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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532 59 Temple Place \- Suite 330, Boston, \s-1MA\s0 02111\-1307, \s-1USA\s0 |
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533 .PP |
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534 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies |
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535 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. |