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.\" ========================================================================+
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.\"+
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.IX Title "STRINGS 1"+
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.TH STRINGS 1 "2008-01-09" "binutils-2.18.50" "GNU Development Tools"+
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.SH "NAME"+
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strings \- print the strings of printable characters in files.+
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.SH "SYNOPSIS"+
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.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"+
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strings [\fB\-afov\fR] [\fB\-\fR\fImin-len\fR]+
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        [\fB\-n\fR \fImin-len\fR] [\fB\-\-bytes=\fR\fImin-len\fR]+
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        [\fB\-t\fR \fIradix\fR] [\fB\-\-radix=\fR\fIradix\fR]+
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        [\fB\-e\fR \fIencoding\fR] [\fB\-\-encoding=\fR\fIencoding\fR]+
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        [\fB\-\fR] [\fB\-\-all\fR] [\fB\-\-print\-file\-name\fR]+
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        [\fB\-T\fR \fIbfdname\fR] [\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR]+
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        [\fB\-\-help\fR] [\fB\-\-version\fR] \fIfile\fR...+
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.SH "DESCRIPTION"+
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.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"+
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For each \fIfile\fR given, \s-1GNU\s0 \fBstrings\fR prints the printable+
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character sequences that are at least 4 characters long (or the number+
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given with the options below) and are followed by an unprintable+
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character.  By default, it only prints the strings from the initialized+
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and loaded sections of object files; for other types of files, it prints+
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the strings from the whole file.+
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.PP+
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\&\fBstrings\fR is mainly useful for determining the contents of non-text+
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files.+
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.SH "OPTIONS"+
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.IX Header "OPTIONS"+
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.IP "\fB\-a\fR" 4+
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.IX Item "-a"+
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.PD 0+
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.IP "\fB\-\-all\fR" 4+
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.IX Item "--all"+
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.IP "\fB\-\fR" 4+
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.IX Item "-"+
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.PD+
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Do not scan only the initialized and loaded sections of object files;+
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scan the whole files.+
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.IP "\fB\-f\fR" 4+
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.IX Item "-f"+
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.PD 0+
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.IP "\fB\-\-print\-file\-name\fR" 4+
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.IX Item "--print-file-name"+
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.PD+
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Print the name of the file before each string.+
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.IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4+
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.IX Item "--help"+
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Print a summary of the program usage on the standard output and exit.+
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.IP "\fB\-\fR\fImin-len\fR" 4+
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.IX Item "-min-len"+
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.PD 0+
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.IP "\fB\-n\fR \fImin-len\fR" 4+
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.IX Item "-n min-len"+
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.IP "\fB\-\-bytes=\fR\fImin-len\fR" 4+
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.IX Item "--bytes=min-len"+
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.PD+
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Print sequences of characters that are at least \fImin-len\fR characters+
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long, instead of the default 4.+
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.IP "\fB\-o\fR" 4+
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.IX Item "-o"+
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Like \fB\-t o\fR.  Some other versions of \fBstrings\fR have \fB\-o\fR+
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act like \fB\-t d\fR instead.  Since we can not be compatible with both+
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ways, we simply chose one.+
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.IP "\fB\-t\fR \fIradix\fR" 4+
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.IX Item "-t radix"+
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.PD 0+
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.IP "\fB\-\-radix=\fR\fIradix\fR" 4+
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.IX Item "--radix=radix"+
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.PD+
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Print the offset within the file before each string.  The single+
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character argument specifies the radix of the offset\-\-\-\fBo\fR for+
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octal, \fBx\fR for hexadecimal, or \fBd\fR for decimal.+
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.IP "\fB\-e\fR \fIencoding\fR" 4+
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.IX Item "-e encoding"+
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.PD 0+
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.IP "\fB\-\-encoding=\fR\fIencoding\fR" 4+
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.IX Item "--encoding=encoding"+
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.PD+
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Select the character encoding of the strings that are to be found.+
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Possible values for \fIencoding\fR are: \fBs\fR = single\-7\-bit\-byte+
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characters (\s-1ASCII\s0, \s-1ISO\s0 8859, etc., default), \fBS\fR =+
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single\-8\-bit\-byte characters, \fBb\fR = 16\-bit bigendian, \fBl\fR =+
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16\-bit littleendian, \fBB\fR = 32\-bit bigendian, \fBL\fR = 32\-bit+
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littleendian. Useful for finding wide character strings.+
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.IP "\fB\-T\fR \fIbfdname\fR" 4+
−
.IX Item "-T bfdname"+
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.PD 0+
−
.IP "\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR" 4+
−
.IX Item "--target=bfdname"+
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.PD+
−
Specify an object code format other than your system's default format.+
−
.IP "\fB\-v\fR" 4+
−
.IX Item "-v"+
−
.PD 0+
−
.IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4+
−
.IX Item "--version"+
−
.PD+
−
Print the program version number on the standard output and exit.+
−
.IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4+
−
.IX Item "@file"+
−
Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR.  The options read are+
−
inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option.  If \fIfile\fR+
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does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated+
−
literally, and not removed.  +
−
.Sp+
−
Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace.  A whitespace+
−
character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire+
−
option in either single or double quotes.  Any character (including a+
−
backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included+
−
with a backslash.  The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional+
−
@\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively.+
−
.SH "SEE ALSO"+
−
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"+
−
\&\fIar\fR\|(1), \fInm\fR\|(1), \fIobjdump\fR\|(1), \fIranlib\fR\|(1), \fIreadelf\fR\|(1)+
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and the Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR.+
−
.SH "COPYRIGHT"+
−
.IX Header "COPYRIGHT"+
−
Copyright (c) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,+
−
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.+
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.PP+
−
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document+
−
under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.2+
−
or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;+
−
with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no+
−
Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the+
−
section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R".+
−