symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12/zlib-1.2.3/examples/zlib_how.html
author martin.trojer@nokia.com
Fri, 31 Jul 2009 15:01:17 +0100
changeset 1 2fb8b9db1c86
permissions -rw-r--r--
Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"
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  "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
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<title>zlib Usage Example</title>
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<!--  Copyright (c) 2004 Mark Adler.  -->
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</head>
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<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#00A000">
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<h2 align="center"> zlib Usage Example </h2>
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We often get questions about how the <tt>deflate()</tt> and <tt>inflate()</tt> functions should be used.
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Users wonder when they should provide more input, when they should use more output,
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what to do with a <tt>Z_BUF_ERROR</tt>, how to make sure the process terminates properly, and
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so on.  So for those who have read <tt>zlib.h</tt> (a few times), and
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would like further edification, below is an annotated example in C of simple routines to compress and decompress
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from an input file to an output file using <tt>deflate()</tt> and <tt>inflate()</tt> respectively.  The
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annotations are interspersed between lines of the code.  So please read between the lines.
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We hope this helps explain some of the intricacies of <em>zlib</em>.
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<p>
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Without further adieu, here is the program <a href="zpipe.c"><tt>zpipe.c</tt></a>:
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<pre><b>
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/* zpipe.c: example of proper use of zlib's inflate() and deflate()
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   Not copyrighted -- provided to the public domain
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   Version 1.2  9 November 2004  Mark Adler */
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/* Version history:
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   1.0  30 Oct 2004  First version
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   1.1   8 Nov 2004  Add void casting for unused return values
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                     Use switch statement for inflate() return values
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   1.2   9 Nov 2004  Add assertions to document zlib guarantees
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 */
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</b></pre><!-- -->
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We now include the header files for the required definitions.  From
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<tt>stdio.h</tt> we use <tt>fopen()</tt>, <tt>fread()</tt>, <tt>fwrite()</tt>,
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<tt>feof()</tt>, <tt>ferror()</tt>, and <tt>fclose()</tt> for file i/o, and
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<tt>fputs()</tt> for error messages.  From <tt>string.h</tt> we use
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<tt>strcmp()</tt> for command line argument processing.
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From <tt>assert.h</tt> we use the <tt>assert()</tt> macro.
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From <tt>zlib.h</tt>
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we use the basic compression functions <tt>deflateInit()</tt>,
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<tt>deflate()</tt>, and <tt>deflateEnd()</tt>, and the basic decompression
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functions <tt>inflateInit()</tt>, <tt>inflate()</tt>, and
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<tt>inflateEnd()</tt>.
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<pre><b>
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#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
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#include &lt;string.h&gt;
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#include &lt;assert.h&gt;
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#include "zlib.h"
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</b></pre><!-- -->
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<tt>CHUNK</tt> is simply the buffer size for feeding data to and pulling data
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from the <em>zlib</em> routines.  Larger buffer sizes would be more efficient,
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especially for <tt>inflate()</tt>.  If the memory is available, buffers sizes
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on the order of 128K or 256K bytes should be used.
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<pre><b>
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#define CHUNK 16384
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</b></pre><!-- -->
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The <tt>def()</tt> routine compresses data from an input file to an output file.  The output data
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will be in the <em>zlib</em> format, which is different from the <em>gzip</em> or <em>zip</em>
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formats.  The <em>zlib</em> format has a very small header of only two bytes to identify it as
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a <em>zlib</em> stream and to provide decoding information, and a four-byte trailer with a fast
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check value to verify the integrity of the uncompressed data after decoding.
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<pre><b>
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/* Compress from file source to file dest until EOF on source.
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   def() returns Z_OK on success, Z_MEM_ERROR if memory could not be
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   allocated for processing, Z_STREAM_ERROR if an invalid compression
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   level is supplied, Z_VERSION_ERROR if the version of zlib.h and the
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   version of the library linked do not match, or Z_ERRNO if there is
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   an error reading or writing the files. */
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int def(FILE *source, FILE *dest, int level)
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{
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</b></pre>
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Here are the local variables for <tt>def()</tt>.  <tt>ret</tt> will be used for <em>zlib</em>
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return codes.  <tt>flush</tt> will keep track of the current flushing state for <tt>deflate()</tt>,
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which is either no flushing, or flush to completion after the end of the input file is reached.
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<tt>have</tt> is the amount of data returned from <tt>deflate()</tt>.  The <tt>strm</tt> structure
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is used to pass information to and from the <em>zlib</em> routines, and to maintain the
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<tt>deflate()</tt> state.  <tt>in</tt> and <tt>out</tt> are the input and output buffers for
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<tt>deflate()</tt>.
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<pre><b>
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    int ret, flush;
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    unsigned have;
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    z_stream strm;
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    char in[CHUNK];
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    char out[CHUNK];
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</b></pre><!-- -->
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The first thing we do is to initialize the <em>zlib</em> state for compression using
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<tt>deflateInit()</tt>.  This must be done before the first use of <tt>deflate()</tt>.
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The <tt>zalloc</tt>, <tt>zfree</tt>, and <tt>opaque</tt> fields in the <tt>strm</tt>
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structure must be initialized before calling <tt>deflateInit()</tt>.  Here they are
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set to the <em>zlib</em> constant <tt>Z_NULL</tt> to request that <em>zlib</em> use
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the default memory allocation routines.  An application may also choose to provide
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custom memory allocation routines here.  <tt>deflateInit()</tt> will allocate on the
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order of 256K bytes for the internal state.
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(See <a href="zlib_tech.html"><em>zlib Technical Details</em></a>.)
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<p>
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<tt>deflateInit()</tt> is called with a pointer to the structure to be initialized and
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the compression level, which is an integer in the range of -1 to 9.  Lower compression
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levels result in faster execution, but less compression.  Higher levels result in
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greater compression, but slower execution.  The <em>zlib</em> constant Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION,
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equal to -1,
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provides a good compromise between compression and speed and is equivalent to level 6.
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Level 0 actually does no compression at all, and in fact expands the data slightly to produce
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the <em>zlib</em> format (it is not a byte-for-byte copy of the input).
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More advanced applications of <em>zlib</em>
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may use <tt>deflateInit2()</tt> here instead.  Such an application may want to reduce how
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much memory will be used, at some price in compression.  Or it may need to request a
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<em>gzip</em> header and trailer instead of a <em>zlib</em> header and trailer, or raw
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   108
encoding with no header or trailer at all.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   109
<p>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   110
We must check the return value of <tt>deflateInit()</tt> against the <em>zlib</em> constant
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   111
<tt>Z_OK</tt> to make sure that it was able to
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   112
allocate memory for the internal state, and that the provided arguments were valid.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   113
<tt>deflateInit()</tt> will also check that the version of <em>zlib</em> that the <tt>zlib.h</tt>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   114
file came from matches the version of <em>zlib</em> actually linked with the program.  This
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   115
is especially important for environments in which <em>zlib</em> is a shared library.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   116
<p>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   117
Note that an application can initialize multiple, independent <em>zlib</em> streams, which can
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   118
operate in parallel.  The state information maintained in the structure allows the <em>zlib</em>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   119
routines to be reentrant.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   120
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   121
    /* allocate deflate state */
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   122
    strm.zalloc = Z_NULL;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   123
    strm.zfree = Z_NULL;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   124
    strm.opaque = Z_NULL;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   125
    ret = deflateInit(&amp;strm, level);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   126
    if (ret != Z_OK)
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   127
        return ret;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   128
</b></pre><!-- -->
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   129
With the pleasantries out of the way, now we can get down to business.  The outer <tt>do</tt>-loop
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   130
reads all of the input file and exits at the bottom of the loop once end-of-file is reached.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   131
This loop contains the only call of <tt>deflate()</tt>.  So we must make sure that all of the
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   132
input data has been processed and that all of the output data has been generated and consumed
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   133
before we fall out of the loop at the bottom.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   134
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   135
    /* compress until end of file */
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   136
    do {
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   137
</b></pre>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   138
We start off by reading data from the input file.  The number of bytes read is put directly
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   139
into <tt>avail_in</tt>, and a pointer to those bytes is put into <tt>next_in</tt>.  We also
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   140
check to see if end-of-file on the input has been reached.  If we are at the end of file, then <tt>flush</tt> is set to the
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   141
<em>zlib</em> constant <tt>Z_FINISH</tt>, which is later passed to <tt>deflate()</tt> to
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   142
indicate that this is the last chunk of input data to compress.  We need to use <tt>feof()</tt>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   143
to check for end-of-file as opposed to seeing if fewer than <tt>CHUNK</tt> bytes have been read.  The
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   144
reason is that if the input file length is an exact multiple of <tt>CHUNK</tt>, we will miss
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   145
the fact that we got to the end-of-file, and not know to tell <tt>deflate()</tt> to finish
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   146
up the compressed stream.  If we are not yet at the end of the input, then the <em>zlib</em>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   147
constant <tt>Z_NO_FLUSH</tt> will be passed to <tt>deflate</tt> to indicate that we are still
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   148
in the middle of the uncompressed data.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   149
<p>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   150
If there is an error in reading from the input file, the process is aborted with
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   151
<tt>deflateEnd()</tt> being called to free the allocated <em>zlib</em> state before returning
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   152
the error.  We wouldn't want a memory leak, now would we?  <tt>deflateEnd()</tt> can be called
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   153
at any time after the state has been initialized.  Once that's done, <tt>deflateInit()</tt> (or
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   154
<tt>deflateInit2()</tt>) would have to be called to start a new compression process.  There is
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   155
no point here in checking the <tt>deflateEnd()</tt> return code.  The deallocation can't fail.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   156
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   157
        strm.avail_in = fread(in, 1, CHUNK, source);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   158
        if (ferror(source)) {
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   159
            (void)deflateEnd(&amp;strm);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   160
            return Z_ERRNO;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   161
        }
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   162
        flush = feof(source) ? Z_FINISH : Z_NO_FLUSH;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   163
        strm.next_in = in;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   164
</b></pre><!-- -->
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   165
The inner <tt>do</tt>-loop passes our chunk of input data to <tt>deflate()</tt>, and then
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   166
keeps calling <tt>deflate()</tt> until it is done producing output.  Once there is no more
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   167
new output, <tt>deflate()</tt> is guaranteed to have consumed all of the input, i.e.,
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   168
<tt>avail_in</tt> will be zero.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   169
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   170
        /* run deflate() on input until output buffer not full, finish
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   171
           compression if all of source has been read in */
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   172
        do {
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   173
</b></pre>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   174
Output space is provided to <tt>deflate()</tt> by setting <tt>avail_out</tt> to the number
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   175
of available output bytes and <tt>next_out</tt> to a pointer to that space.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   176
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   177
            strm.avail_out = CHUNK;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   178
            strm.next_out = out;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   179
</b></pre>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   180
Now we call the compression engine itself, <tt>deflate()</tt>.  It takes as many of the
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   181
<tt>avail_in</tt> bytes at <tt>next_in</tt> as it can process, and writes as many as
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   182
<tt>avail_out</tt> bytes to <tt>next_out</tt>.  Those counters and pointers are then
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   183
updated past the input data consumed and the output data written.  It is the amount of
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   184
output space available that may limit how much input is consumed.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   185
Hence the inner loop to make sure that
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   186
all of the input is consumed by providing more output space each time.  Since <tt>avail_in</tt>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   187
and <tt>next_in</tt> are updated by <tt>deflate()</tt>, we don't have to mess with those
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   188
between <tt>deflate()</tt> calls until it's all used up.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   189
<p>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   190
The parameters to <tt>deflate()</tt> are a pointer to the <tt>strm</tt> structure containing
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   191
the input and output information and the internal compression engine state, and a parameter
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   192
indicating whether and how to flush data to the output.  Normally <tt>deflate</tt> will consume
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   193
several K bytes of input data before producing any output (except for the header), in order
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   194
to accumulate statistics on the data for optimum compression.  It will then put out a burst of
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   195
compressed data, and proceed to consume more input before the next burst.  Eventually,
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   196
<tt>deflate()</tt>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   197
must be told to terminate the stream, complete the compression with provided input data, and
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   198
write out the trailer check value.  <tt>deflate()</tt> will continue to compress normally as long
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   199
as the flush parameter is <tt>Z_NO_FLUSH</tt>.  Once the <tt>Z_FINISH</tt> parameter is provided,
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   200
<tt>deflate()</tt> will begin to complete the compressed output stream.  However depending on how
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   201
much output space is provided, <tt>deflate()</tt> may have to be called several times until it
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   202
has provided the complete compressed stream, even after it has consumed all of the input.  The flush
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   203
parameter must continue to be <tt>Z_FINISH</tt> for those subsequent calls.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   204
<p>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   205
There are other values of the flush parameter that are used in more advanced applications.  You can
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   206
force <tt>deflate()</tt> to produce a burst of output that encodes all of the input data provided
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   207
so far, even if it wouldn't have otherwise, for example to control data latency on a link with
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   208
compressed data.  You can also ask that <tt>deflate()</tt> do that as well as erase any history up to
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   209
that point so that what follows can be decompressed independently, for example for random access
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   210
applications.  Both requests will degrade compression by an amount depending on how often such
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   211
requests are made.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   212
<p>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   213
<tt>deflate()</tt> has a return value that can indicate errors, yet we do not check it here.  Why
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   214
not?  Well, it turns out that <tt>deflate()</tt> can do no wrong here.  Let's go through
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   215
<tt>deflate()</tt>'s return values and dispense with them one by one.  The possible values are
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   216
<tt>Z_OK</tt>, <tt>Z_STREAM_END</tt>, <tt>Z_STREAM_ERROR</tt>, or <tt>Z_BUF_ERROR</tt>.  <tt>Z_OK</tt>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   217
is, well, ok.  <tt>Z_STREAM_END</tt> is also ok and will be returned for the last call of
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   218
<tt>deflate()</tt>.  This is already guaranteed by calling <tt>deflate()</tt> with <tt>Z_FINISH</tt>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   219
until it has no more output.  <tt>Z_STREAM_ERROR</tt> is only possible if the stream is not
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   220
initialized properly, but we did initialize it properly.  There is no harm in checking for
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   221
<tt>Z_STREAM_ERROR</tt> here, for example to check for the possibility that some
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   222
other part of the application inadvertently clobbered the memory containing the <em>zlib</em> state.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   223
<tt>Z_BUF_ERROR</tt> will be explained further below, but
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   224
suffice it to say that this is simply an indication that <tt>deflate()</tt> could not consume
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   225
more input or produce more output.  <tt>deflate()</tt> can be called again with more output space
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   226
or more available input, which it will be in this code.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   227
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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   228
            ret = deflate(&amp;strm, flush);    /* no bad return value */
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   229
            assert(ret != Z_STREAM_ERROR);  /* state not clobbered */
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   230
</b></pre>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   231
Now we compute how much output <tt>deflate()</tt> provided on the last call, which is the
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   232
difference between how much space was provided before the call, and how much output space
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   233
is still available after the call.  Then that data, if any, is written to the output file.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   234
We can then reuse the output buffer for the next call of <tt>deflate()</tt>.  Again if there
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
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diff changeset
   235
is a file i/o error, we call <tt>deflateEnd()</tt> before returning to avoid a memory leak.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   236
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   237
            have = CHUNK - strm.avail_out;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   238
            if (fwrite(out, 1, have, dest) != have || ferror(dest)) {
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   239
                (void)deflateEnd(&amp;strm);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   240
                return Z_ERRNO;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   241
            }
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   242
</b></pre>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   243
The inner <tt>do</tt>-loop is repeated until the last <tt>deflate()</tt> call fails to fill the
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   244
provided output buffer.  Then we know that <tt>deflate()</tt> has done as much as it can with
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   245
the provided input, and that all of that input has been consumed.  We can then fall out of this
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
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diff changeset
   246
loop and reuse the input buffer.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   247
<p>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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   248
The way we tell that <tt>deflate()</tt> has no more output is by seeing that it did not fill
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
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diff changeset
   249
the output buffer, leaving <tt>avail_out</tt> greater than zero.  However suppose that
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   250
<tt>deflate()</tt> has no more output, but just so happened to exactly fill the output buffer!
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
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diff changeset
   251
<tt>avail_out</tt> is zero, and we can't tell that <tt>deflate()</tt> has done all it can.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   252
As far as we know, <tt>deflate()</tt>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   253
has more output for us.  So we call it again.  But now <tt>deflate()</tt> produces no output
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   254
at all, and <tt>avail_out</tt> remains unchanged as <tt>CHUNK</tt>.  That <tt>deflate()</tt> call
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   255
wasn't able to do anything, either consume input or produce output, and so it returns
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   256
<tt>Z_BUF_ERROR</tt>.  (See, I told you I'd cover this later.)  However this is not a problem at
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   257
all.  Now we finally have the desired indication that <tt>deflate()</tt> is really done,
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   258
and so we drop out of the inner loop to provide more input to <tt>deflate()</tt>.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   259
<p>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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   260
With <tt>flush</tt> set to <tt>Z_FINISH</tt>, this final set of <tt>deflate()</tt> calls will
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   261
complete the output stream.  Once that is done, subsequent calls of <tt>deflate()</tt> would return
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   262
<tt>Z_STREAM_ERROR</tt> if the flush parameter is not <tt>Z_FINISH</tt>, and do no more processing
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   263
until the state is reinitialized.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   264
<p>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   265
Some applications of <em>zlib</em> have two loops that call <tt>deflate()</tt>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   266
instead of the single inner loop we have here.  The first loop would call
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   267
without flushing and feed all of the data to <tt>deflate()</tt>.  The second loop would call
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   268
<tt>deflate()</tt> with no more
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   269
data and the <tt>Z_FINISH</tt> parameter to complete the process.  As you can see from this
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   270
example, that can be avoided by simply keeping track of the current flush state.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   271
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   272
        } while (strm.avail_out == 0);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   273
        assert(strm.avail_in == 0);     /* all input will be used */
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   274
</b></pre><!-- -->
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   275
Now we check to see if we have already processed all of the input file.  That information was
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   276
saved in the <tt>flush</tt> variable, so we see if that was set to <tt>Z_FINISH</tt>.  If so,
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
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diff changeset
   277
then we're done and we fall out of the outer loop.  We're guaranteed to get <tt>Z_STREAM_END</tt>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   278
from the last <tt>deflate()</tt> call, since we ran it until the last chunk of input was
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   279
consumed and all of the output was generated.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   280
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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diff changeset
   281
        /* done when last data in file processed */
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   282
    } while (flush != Z_FINISH);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   283
    assert(ret == Z_STREAM_END);        /* stream will be complete */
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   284
</b></pre><!-- -->
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   285
The process is complete, but we still need to deallocate the state to avoid a memory leak
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   286
(or rather more like a memory hemorrhage if you didn't do this).  Then
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   287
finally we can return with a happy return value.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   288
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   289
    /* clean up and return */
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   290
    (void)deflateEnd(&amp;strm);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   291
    return Z_OK;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   292
}
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   293
</b></pre><!-- -->
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   294
Now we do the same thing for decompression in the <tt>inf()</tt> routine. <tt>inf()</tt>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   295
decompresses what is hopefully a valid <em>zlib</em> stream from the input file and writes the
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   296
uncompressed data to the output file.  Much of the discussion above for <tt>def()</tt>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   297
applies to <tt>inf()</tt> as well, so the discussion here will focus on the differences between
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   298
the two.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   299
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   300
/* Decompress from file source to file dest until stream ends or EOF.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   301
   inf() returns Z_OK on success, Z_MEM_ERROR if memory could not be
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   302
   allocated for processing, Z_DATA_ERROR if the deflate data is
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   303
   invalid or incomplete, Z_VERSION_ERROR if the version of zlib.h and
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   304
   the version of the library linked do not match, or Z_ERRNO if there
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   305
   is an error reading or writing the files. */
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   306
int inf(FILE *source, FILE *dest)
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   307
{
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   308
</b></pre>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   309
The local variables have the same functionality as they do for <tt>def()</tt>.  The
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   310
only difference is that there is no <tt>flush</tt> variable, since <tt>inflate()</tt>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   311
can tell from the <em>zlib</em> stream itself when the stream is complete.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   312
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   313
    int ret;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   314
    unsigned have;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   315
    z_stream strm;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   316
    char in[CHUNK];
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   317
    char out[CHUNK];
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff changeset
   318
</b></pre><!-- -->
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   319
The initialization of the state is the same, except that there is no compression level,
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   320
of course, and two more elements of the structure are initialized.  <tt>avail_in</tt>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   321
and <tt>next_in</tt> must be initialized before calling <tt>inflateInit()</tt>.  This
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   322
is because the application has the option to provide the start of the zlib stream in
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   323
order for <tt>inflateInit()</tt> to have access to information about the compression
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   324
method to aid in memory allocation.  In the current implementation of <em>zlib</em>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   325
(up through versions 1.2.x), the method-dependent memory allocations are deferred to the first call of
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   326
<tt>inflate()</tt> anyway.  However those fields must be initialized since later versions
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   327
of <em>zlib</em> that provide more compression methods may take advantage of this interface.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   328
In any case, no decompression is performed by <tt>inflateInit()</tt>, so the
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   329
<tt>avail_out</tt> and <tt>next_out</tt> fields do not need to be initialized before calling.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   330
<p>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   331
Here <tt>avail_in</tt> is set to zero and <tt>next_in</tt> is set to <tt>Z_NULL</tt> to
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   332
indicate that no input data is being provided.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   333
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   334
    /* allocate inflate state */
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   335
    strm.zalloc = Z_NULL;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   336
    strm.zfree = Z_NULL;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   337
    strm.opaque = Z_NULL;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   338
    strm.avail_in = 0;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   339
    strm.next_in = Z_NULL;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   340
    ret = inflateInit(&amp;strm);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   341
    if (ret != Z_OK)
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   342
        return ret;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   343
</b></pre><!-- -->
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   344
The outer <tt>do</tt>-loop decompresses input until <tt>inflate()</tt> indicates
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   345
that it has reached the end of the compressed data and has produced all of the uncompressed
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   346
output.  This is in contrast to <tt>def()</tt> which processes all of the input file.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   347
If end-of-file is reached before the compressed data self-terminates, then the compressed
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   348
data is incomplete and an error is returned.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   349
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   350
    /* decompress until deflate stream ends or end of file */
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   351
    do {
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   352
</b></pre>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   353
We read input data and set the <tt>strm</tt> structure accordingly.  If we've reached the
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   354
end of the input file, then we leave the outer loop and report an error, since the
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   355
compressed data is incomplete.  Note that we may read more data than is eventually consumed
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   356
by <tt>inflate()</tt>, if the input file continues past the <em>zlib</em> stream.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   357
For applications where <em>zlib</em> streams are embedded in other data, this routine would
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   358
need to be modified to return the unused data, or at least indicate how much of the input
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   359
data was not used, so the application would know where to pick up after the <em>zlib</em> stream.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   360
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   361
        strm.avail_in = fread(in, 1, CHUNK, source);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   362
        if (ferror(source)) {
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   363
            (void)inflateEnd(&amp;strm);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   364
            return Z_ERRNO;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   365
        }
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   366
        if (strm.avail_in == 0)
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   367
            break;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   368
        strm.next_in = in;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   369
</b></pre><!-- -->
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   370
The inner <tt>do</tt>-loop has the same function it did in <tt>def()</tt>, which is to
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   371
keep calling <tt>inflate()</tt> until has generated all of the output it can with the
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   372
provided input.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   373
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   374
        /* run inflate() on input until output buffer not full */
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   375
        do {
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   376
</b></pre>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   377
Just like in <tt>def()</tt>, the same output space is provided for each call of <tt>inflate()</tt>.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   378
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   379
            strm.avail_out = CHUNK;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   380
            strm.next_out = out;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   381
</b></pre>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   382
Now we run the decompression engine itself.  There is no need to adjust the flush parameter, since
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   383
the <em>zlib</em> format is self-terminating. The main difference here is that there are
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   384
return values that we need to pay attention to.  <tt>Z_DATA_ERROR</tt>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   385
indicates that <tt>inflate()</tt> detected an error in the <em>zlib</em> compressed data format,
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   386
which means that either the data is not a <em>zlib</em> stream to begin with, or that the data was
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   387
corrupted somewhere along the way since it was compressed.  The other error to be processed is
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   388
<tt>Z_MEM_ERROR</tt>, which can occur since memory allocation is deferred until <tt>inflate()</tt>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   389
needs it, unlike <tt>deflate()</tt>, whose memory is allocated at the start by <tt>deflateInit()</tt>.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   390
<p>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   391
Advanced applications may use
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   392
<tt>deflateSetDictionary()</tt> to prime <tt>deflate()</tt> with a set of likely data to improve the
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   393
first 32K or so of compression.  This is noted in the <em>zlib</em> header, so <tt>inflate()</tt>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   394
requests that that dictionary be provided before it can start to decompress.  Without the dictionary,
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   395
correct decompression is not possible.  For this routine, we have no idea what the dictionary is,
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   396
so the <tt>Z_NEED_DICT</tt> indication is converted to a <tt>Z_DATA_ERROR</tt>.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   397
<p>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   398
<tt>inflate()</tt> can also return <tt>Z_STREAM_ERROR</tt>, which should not be possible here,
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   399
but could be checked for as noted above for <tt>def()</tt>.  <tt>Z_BUF_ERROR</tt> does not need to be
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   400
checked for here, for the same reasons noted for <tt>def()</tt>.  <tt>Z_STREAM_END</tt> will be
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   401
checked for later.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   402
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   403
            ret = inflate(&amp;strm, Z_NO_FLUSH);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   404
            assert(ret != Z_STREAM_ERROR);  /* state not clobbered */
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   405
            switch (ret) {
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   406
            case Z_NEED_DICT:
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   407
                ret = Z_DATA_ERROR;     /* and fall through */
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   408
            case Z_DATA_ERROR:
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   409
            case Z_MEM_ERROR:
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   410
                (void)inflateEnd(&amp;strm);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   411
                return ret;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   412
            }
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   413
</b></pre>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   414
The output of <tt>inflate()</tt> is handled identically to that of <tt>deflate()</tt>.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   415
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   416
            have = CHUNK - strm.avail_out;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   417
            if (fwrite(out, 1, have, dest) != have || ferror(dest)) {
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   418
                (void)inflateEnd(&amp;strm);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   419
                return Z_ERRNO;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   420
            }
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   421
</b></pre>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   422
The inner <tt>do</tt>-loop ends when <tt>inflate()</tt> has no more output as indicated
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   423
by not filling the output buffer, just as for <tt>deflate()</tt>.  In this case, we cannot
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   424
assert that <tt>strm.avail_in</tt> will be zero, since the deflate stream may end before the file
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   425
does.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   426
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   427
        } while (strm.avail_out == 0);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   428
</b></pre><!-- -->
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   429
The outer <tt>do</tt>-loop ends when <tt>inflate()</tt> reports that it has reached the
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   430
end of the input <em>zlib</em> stream, has completed the decompression and integrity
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   431
check, and has provided all of the output.  This is indicated by the <tt>inflate()</tt>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   432
return value <tt>Z_STREAM_END</tt>.  The inner loop is guaranteed to leave <tt>ret</tt>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   433
equal to <tt>Z_STREAM_END</tt> if the last chunk of the input file read contained the end
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   434
of the <em>zlib</em> stream.  So if the return value is not <tt>Z_STREAM_END</tt>, the
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   435
loop continues to read more input.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   436
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   437
        /* done when inflate() says it's done */
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   438
    } while (ret != Z_STREAM_END);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   439
</b></pre><!-- -->
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   440
At this point, decompression successfully completed, or we broke out of the loop due to no
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   441
more data being available from the input file.  If the last <tt>inflate()</tt> return value
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   442
is not <tt>Z_STREAM_END</tt>, then the <em>zlib</em> stream was incomplete and a data error
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   443
is returned.  Otherwise, we return with a happy return value.  Of course, <tt>inflateEnd()</tt>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   444
is called first to avoid a memory leak.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   445
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   446
    /* clean up and return */
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   447
    (void)inflateEnd(&amp;strm);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   448
    return ret == Z_STREAM_END ? Z_OK : Z_DATA_ERROR;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   449
}
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   450
</b></pre><!-- -->
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   451
That ends the routines that directly use <em>zlib</em>.  The following routines make this
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   452
a command-line program by running data through the above routines from <tt>stdin</tt> to
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   453
<tt>stdout</tt>, and handling any errors reported by <tt>def()</tt> or <tt>inf()</tt>.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   454
<p>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   455
<tt>zerr()</tt> is used to interpret the possible error codes from <tt>def()</tt>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   456
and <tt>inf()</tt>, as detailed in their comments above, and print out an error message.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   457
Note that these are only a subset of the possible return values from <tt>deflate()</tt>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   458
and <tt>inflate()</tt>.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   459
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   460
/* report a zlib or i/o error */
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   461
void zerr(int ret)
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   462
{
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   463
    fputs("zpipe: ", stderr);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   464
    switch (ret) {
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   465
    case Z_ERRNO:
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   466
        if (ferror(stdin))
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   467
            fputs("error reading stdin\n", stderr);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   468
        if (ferror(stdout))
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   469
            fputs("error writing stdout\n", stderr);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   470
        break;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   471
    case Z_STREAM_ERROR:
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   472
        fputs("invalid compression level\n", stderr);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   473
        break;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   474
    case Z_DATA_ERROR:
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   475
        fputs("invalid or incomplete deflate data\n", stderr);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   476
        break;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   477
    case Z_MEM_ERROR:
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   478
        fputs("out of memory\n", stderr);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   479
        break;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   480
    case Z_VERSION_ERROR:
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   481
        fputs("zlib version mismatch!\n", stderr);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   482
    }
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   483
}
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   484
</b></pre><!-- -->
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   485
Here is the <tt>main()</tt> routine used to test <tt>def()</tt> and <tt>inf()</tt>.  The
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   486
<tt>zpipe</tt> command is simply a compression pipe from <tt>stdin</tt> to <tt>stdout</tt>, if
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   487
no arguments are given, or it is a decompression pipe if <tt>zpipe -d</tt> is used.  If any other
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   488
arguments are provided, no compression or decompression is performed.  Instead a usage
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   489
message is displayed.  Examples are <tt>zpipe < foo.txt > foo.txt.z</tt> to compress, and
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   490
<tt>zpipe -d < foo.txt.z > foo.txt</tt> to decompress.
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   491
<pre><b>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   492
/* compress or decompress from stdin to stdout */
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   493
int main(int argc, char **argv)
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   494
{
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   495
    int ret;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   496
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   497
    /* do compression if no arguments */
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   498
    if (argc == 1) {
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   499
        ret = def(stdin, stdout, Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   500
        if (ret != Z_OK)
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   501
            zerr(ret);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   502
        return ret;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   503
    }
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   504
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   505
    /* do decompression if -d specified */
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   506
    else if (argc == 2 &amp;&amp; strcmp(argv[1], "-d") == 0) {
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   507
        ret = inf(stdin, stdout);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   508
        if (ret != Z_OK)
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   509
            zerr(ret);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   510
        return ret;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   511
    }
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   512
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   513
    /* otherwise, report usage */
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   514
    else {
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   515
        fputs("zpipe usage: zpipe [-d] &lt; source &gt; dest\n", stderr);
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   516
        return 1;
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   517
    }
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   518
}
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   519
</b></pre>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   520
<hr>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   521
<i>Copyright (c) 2004 by Mark Adler<br>Last modified 13 November 2004</i>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   522
</body>
2fb8b9db1c86 Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff changeset
   523
</html>