"""An NNTP client class based on RFC 977: Network News Transfer Protocol.

Example:

>>> from nntplib import NNTP

>>> s = NNTP('news')

>>> resp, count, first, last, name = s.group('comp.lang.python')

>>> print 'Group', name, 'has', count, 'articles, range', first, 'to', last

Group comp.lang.python has 51 articles, range 5770 to 5821

>>> resp, subs = s.xhdr('subject', first + '-' + last)

>>> resp = s.quit()

>>>

Here 'resp' is the server response line.

Error responses are turned into exceptions.

To post an article from a file:

>>> f = open(filename, 'r') # file containing article, including header

>>> resp = s.post(f)

>>>

For descriptions of all methods, read the comments in the code below.

Note that all arguments and return values representing article numbers

are strings, not numbers, since they are rarely used for calculations.

"""

# RFC 977 by Brian Kantor and Phil Lapsley.

# xover, xgtitle, xpath, date methods by Kevan Heydon

# Imports

import re

import socket

__all__ = ["NNTP","NNTPReplyError","NNTPTemporaryError",

           "NNTPPermanentError","NNTPProtocolError","NNTPDataError",

           "error_reply","error_temp","error_perm","error_proto",

           "error_data",]

# Exceptions raised when an error or invalid response is received

class NNTPError(Exception):

    """Base class for all nntplib exceptions"""

    def __init__(self, *args):

        Exception.__init__(self, *args)

        try:

            self.response = args[0]

        except IndexError:

            self.response = 'No response given'

class NNTPReplyError(NNTPError):

    """Unexpected [123]xx reply"""

    pass

class NNTPTemporaryError(NNTPError):

    """4xx errors"""

    pass

class NNTPPermanentError(NNTPError):

    """5xx errors"""

    pass

class NNTPProtocolError(NNTPError):

    """Response does not begin with [1-5]"""

    pass

class NNTPDataError(NNTPError):

    """Error in response data"""

    pass

# for backwards compatibility

error_reply = NNTPReplyError

error_temp = NNTPTemporaryError

error_perm = NNTPPermanentError

error_proto = NNTPProtocolError

error_data = NNTPDataError

# Standard port used by NNTP servers

NNTP_PORT = 119

# Response numbers that are followed by additional text (e.g. article)

LONGRESP = ['100', '215', '220', '221', '222', '224', '230', '231', '282']

# Line terminators (we always output CRLF, but accept any of CRLF, CR, LF)

CRLF = '\r\n'

# The class itself

class NNTP:

    def __init__(self, host, port=NNTP_PORT, user=None, password=None,

                 readermode=None, usenetrc=True):

        """Initialize an instance.  Arguments:

        - host: hostname to connect to

        - port: port to connect to (default the standard NNTP port)

        - user: username to authenticate with

        - password: password to use with username

        - readermode: if true, send 'mode reader' command after

                      connecting.

        readermode is sometimes necessary if you are connecting to an

        NNTP server on the local machine and intend to call

        reader-specific comamnds, such as `group'.  If you get

        unexpected NNTPPermanentErrors, you might need to set

        readermode.

        """

        self.host = host

        self.port = port

        self.sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

        self.sock.connect((self.host, self.port))

        self.file = self.sock.makefile('rb')

        self.debugging = 0

        self.welcome = self.getresp()

        # 'mode reader' is sometimes necessary to enable 'reader' mode.

        # However, the order in which 'mode reader' and 'authinfo' need to

        # arrive differs between some NNTP servers. Try to send

        # 'mode reader', and if it fails with an authorization failed

        # error, try again after sending authinfo.

        readermode_afterauth = 0

        if readermode:

            try:

                self.welcome = self.shortcmd('mode reader')

            except NNTPPermanentError:

                # error 500, probably 'not implemented'

                pass

            except NNTPTemporaryError, e:

                if user and e.response[:3] == '480':

                    # Need authorization before 'mode reader'

                    readermode_afterauth = 1

                else:

                    raise

        # If no login/password was specified, try to get them from ~/.netrc

        # Presume that if .netc has an entry, NNRP authentication is required.

        try:

            if usenetrc and not user:

                import netrc

                credentials = netrc.netrc()

                auth = credentials.authenticators(host)

                if auth:

                    user = auth[0]

                    password = auth[2]

        except IOError:

            pass

        # Perform NNRP authentication if needed.

        if user:

            resp = self.shortcmd('authinfo user '+user)

            if resp[:3] == '381':

                if not password:

                    raise NNTPReplyError(resp)

                else:

                    resp = self.shortcmd(

                            'authinfo pass '+password)

                    if resp[:3] != '281':

                        raise NNTPPermanentError(resp)

            if readermode_afterauth:

                try:

                    self.welcome = self.shortcmd('mode reader')

                except NNTPPermanentError:

                    # error 500, probably 'not implemented'

                    pass

    # Get the welcome message from the server

    # (this is read and squirreled away by __init__()).

    # If the response code is 200, posting is allowed;

    # if it 201, posting is not allowed

    def getwelcome(self):

        """Get the welcome message from the server

        (this is read and squirreled away by __init__()).

        If the response code is 200, posting is allowed;

        if it 201, posting is not allowed."""

        if self.debugging: print '*welcome*', repr(self.welcome)

        return self.welcome

    def set_debuglevel(self, level):

        """Set the debugging level.  Argument 'level' means:

        0: no debugging output (default)

        1: print commands and responses but not body text etc.

        2: also print raw lines read and sent before stripping CR/LF"""

        self.debugging = level

    debug = set_debuglevel

    def putline(self, line):

        """Internal: send one line to the server, appending CRLF."""

        line = line + CRLF

        if self.debugging > 1: print '*put*', repr(line)

        self.sock.sendall(line)

    def putcmd(self, line):

        """Internal: send one command to the server (through putline())."""

        if self.debugging: print '*cmd*', repr(line)

        self.putline(line)

    def getline(self):

        """Internal: return one line from the server, stripping CRLF.

        Raise EOFError if the connection is closed."""

        line = self.file.readline()

        if self.debugging > 1:

            print '*get*', repr(line)

        if not line: raise EOFError

        if line[-2:] == CRLF: line = line[:-2]

        elif line[-1:] in CRLF: line = line[:-1]

        return line

    def getresp(self):

        """Internal: get a response from the server.

        Raise various errors if the response indicates an error."""

        resp = self.getline()

        if self.debugging: print '*resp*', repr(resp)

        c = resp[:1]

        if c == '4':

            raise NNTPTemporaryError(resp)

        if c == '5':

            raise NNTPPermanentError(resp)

        if c not in '123':

            raise NNTPProtocolError(resp)

        return resp

    def getlongresp(self, file=None):

        """Internal: get a response plus following text from the server.

        Raise various errors if the response indicates an error."""

        openedFile = None

        try:

            # If a string was passed then open a file with that name

            if isinstance(file, str):

                openedFile = file = open(file, "w")

            resp = self.getresp()

            if resp[:3] not in LONGRESP:

                raise NNTPReplyError(resp)

            list = []

            while 1:

                line = self.getline()

                if line == '.':

                    break

                if line[:2] == '..':

                    line = line[1:]

                if file:

                    file.write(line + "\n")

                else:

                    list.append(line)

        finally:

            # If this method created the file, then it must close it

            if openedFile:

                openedFile.close()

        return resp, list

    def shortcmd(self, line):

        """Internal: send a command and get the response."""

        self.putcmd(line)

        return self.getresp()

    def longcmd(self, line, file=None):

        """Internal: send a command and get the response plus following text."""

        self.putcmd(line)

        return self.getlongresp(file)

    def newgroups(self, date, time, file=None):

        """Process a NEWGROUPS command.  Arguments:

        - date: string 'yymmdd' indicating the date

        - time: string 'hhmmss' indicating the time

        Return:

        - resp: server response if successful

        - list: list of newsgroup names"""

        return self.longcmd('NEWGROUPS ' + date + ' ' + time, file)

    def newnews(self, group, date, time, file=None):

        """Process a NEWNEWS command.  Arguments:

        - group: group name or '*'

        - date: string 'yymmdd' indicating the date

        - time: string 'hhmmss' indicating the time

        Return:

        - resp: server response if successful

        - list: list of message ids"""

        cmd = 'NEWNEWS ' + group + ' ' + date + ' ' + time

        return self.longcmd(cmd, file)

    def list(self, file=None):

        """Process a LIST command.  Return:

        - resp: server response if successful

        - list: list of (group, last, first, flag) (strings)"""

        resp, list = self.longcmd('LIST', file)

        for i in range(len(list)):

            # Parse lines into "group last first flag"

            list[i] = tuple(list[i].split())

        return resp, list

    def description(self, group):

        """Get a description for a single group.  If more than one

        group matches ('group' is a pattern), return the first.  If no

        group matches, return an empty string.

        This elides the response code from the server, since it can

        only be '215' or '285' (for xgtitle) anyway.  If the response

        code is needed, use the 'descriptions' method.

        NOTE: This neither checks for a wildcard in 'group' nor does

        it check whether the group actually exists."""

        resp, lines = self.descriptions(group)

        if len(lines) == 0:

            return ""

        else:

            return lines[0][1]

    def descriptions(self, group_pattern):

        """Get descriptions for a range of groups."""

        line_pat = re.compile("^(?P<group>[^ \t]+)[ \t]+(.*)$")

        # Try the more std (acc. to RFC2980) LIST NEWSGROUPS first

        resp, raw_lines = self.longcmd('LIST NEWSGROUPS ' + group_pattern)

        if resp[:3] != "215":

            # Now the deprecated XGTITLE.  This either raises an error

            # or succeeds with the same output structure as LIST

            # NEWSGROUPS.

            resp, raw_lines = self.longcmd('XGTITLE ' + group_pattern)

        lines = []

        for raw_line in raw_lines:

            match = line_pat.search(raw_line.strip())

            if match:

                lines.append(match.group(1, 2))

        return resp, lines

    def group(self, name):

        """Process a GROUP command.  Argument:

        - group: the group name

        Returns:

        - resp: server response if successful

        - count: number of articles (string)

        - first: first article number (string)

        - last: last article number (string)

        - name: the group name"""

        resp = self.shortcmd('GROUP ' + name)

        if resp[:3] != '211':

            raise NNTPReplyError(resp)

        words = resp.split()

        count = first = last = 0

        n = len(words)

        if n > 1:

            count = words[1]

            if n > 2:

                first = words[2]

                if n > 3:

                    last = words[3]

                    if n > 4:

                        name = words[4].lower()

        return resp, count, first, last, name

    def help(self, file=None):

        """Process a HELP command.  Returns:

        - resp: server response if successful

        - list: list of strings"""

        return self.longcmd('HELP',file)

    def statparse(self, resp):

        """Internal: parse the response of a STAT, NEXT or LAST command."""

        if resp[:2] != '22':

            raise NNTPReplyError(resp)

        words = resp.split()

        nr = 0

        id = ''

        n = len(words)

        if n > 1:

            nr = words[1]

            if n > 2:

                id = words[2]

        return resp, nr, id

    def statcmd(self, line):

        """Internal: process a STAT, NEXT or LAST command."""

        resp = self.shortcmd(line)

        return self.statparse(resp)

    def stat(self, id):

        """Process a STAT command.  Argument:

        - id: article number or message id

        Returns:

        - resp: server response if successful

        - nr:   the article number

        - id:   the message id"""

        return self.statcmd('STAT ' + id)

    def next(self):

        """Process a NEXT command.  No arguments.  Return as for STAT."""

        return self.statcmd('NEXT')

    def last(self):

        """Process a LAST command.  No arguments.  Return as for STAT."""

        return self.statcmd('LAST')

    def artcmd(self, line, file=None):

        """Internal: process a HEAD, BODY or ARTICLE command."""

        resp, list = self.longcmd(line, file)

        resp, nr, id = self.statparse(resp)

        return resp, nr, id, list

    def head(self, id):

        """Process a HEAD command.  Argument:

        - id: article number or message id

        Returns:

        - resp: server response if successful

        - nr: article number

        - id: message id

        - list: the lines of the article's header"""

        return self.artcmd('HEAD ' + id)

    def body(self, id, file=None):

        """Process a BODY command.  Argument:

        - id: article number or message id

        - file: Filename string or file object to store the article in

        Returns:

        - resp: server response if successful

        - nr: article number

        - id: message id

        - list: the lines of the article's body or an empty list

                if file was used"""

        return self.artcmd('BODY ' + id, file)

    def article(self, id):

        """Process an ARTICLE command.  Argument:

        - id: article number or message id

        Returns:

        - resp: server response if successful

        - nr: article number

        - id: message id

        - list: the lines of the article"""

        return self.artcmd('ARTICLE ' + id)

    def slave(self):

        """Process a SLAVE command.  Returns:

        - resp: server response if successful"""

        return self.shortcmd('SLAVE')

    def xhdr(self, hdr, str, file=None):

        """Process an XHDR command (optional server extension).  Arguments:

        - hdr: the header type (e.g. 'subject')

        - str: an article nr, a message id, or a range nr1-nr2

        Returns:

        - resp: server response if successful

        - list: list of (nr, value) strings"""

        pat = re.compile('^([0-9]+) ?(.*)\n?')

        resp, lines = self.longcmd('XHDR ' + hdr + ' ' + str, file)

        for i in range(len(lines)):

            line = lines[i]

            m = pat.match(line)

            if m:

                lines[i] = m.group(1, 2)

        return resp, lines

    def xover(self, start, end, file=None):

        """Process an XOVER command (optional server extension) Arguments:

        - start: start of range

        - end: end of range

        Returns:

        - resp: server response if successful

        - list: list of (art-nr, subject, poster, date,

                         id, references, size, lines)"""

        resp, lines = self.longcmd('XOVER ' + start + '-' + end, file)

        xover_lines = []

        for line in lines:

            elem = line.split("\t")

            try:

                xover_lines.append((elem[0],

                                    elem[1],

                                    elem[2],

                                    elem[3],

                                    elem[4],

                                    elem[5].split(),

                                    elem[6],

                                    elem[7]))

            except IndexError:

                raise NNTPDataError(line)

        return resp,xover_lines

    def xgtitle(self, group, file=None):

        """Process an XGTITLE command (optional server extension) Arguments:

        - group: group name wildcard (i.e. news.*)

        Returns:

        - resp: server response if successful

        - list: list of (name,title) strings"""

        line_pat = re.compile("^([^ \t]+)[ \t]+(.*)$")

        resp, raw_lines = self.longcmd('XGTITLE ' + group, file)

        lines = []

        for raw_line in raw_lines:

            match = line_pat.search(raw_line.strip())

            if match:

                lines.append(match.group(1, 2))

        return resp, lines

    def xpath(self,id):

        """Process an XPATH command (optional server extension) Arguments:

        - id: Message id of article

        Returns:

        resp: server response if successful

        path: directory path to article"""

        resp = self.shortcmd("XPATH " + id)

        if resp[:3] != '223':

            raise NNTPReplyError(resp)

        try:

            [resp_num, path] = resp.split()

        except ValueError:

            raise NNTPReplyError(resp)

        else:

            return resp, path