1 .. highlightlang:: c

     2 

     3 

     4 .. _concrete:

     5 

     6 **********************

     7 Concrete Objects Layer

     8 **********************

     9 

    10 The functions in this chapter are specific to certain Python object types.

    11 Passing them an object of the wrong type is not a good idea; if you receive an

    12 object from a Python program and you are not sure that it has the right type,

    13 you must perform a type check first; for example, to check that an object is a

    14 dictionary, use :cfunc:`PyDict_Check`.  The chapter is structured like the

    15 "family tree" of Python object types.

    16 

    17 .. warning::

    18 

    19    While the functions described in this chapter carefully check the type of the

    20    objects which are passed in, many of them do not check for *NULL* being passed

    21    instead of a valid object.  Allowing *NULL* to be passed in can cause memory

    22    access violations and immediate termination of the interpreter.

    23 

    24 

    25 .. _fundamental:

    26 

    27 Fundamental Objects

    28 ===================

    29 

    30 This section describes Python type objects and the singleton object ``None``.

    31 

    32 .. toctree::

    33 

    34    type.rst

    35    none.rst

    36 

    37 

    38 .. _numericobjects:

    39 

    40 Numeric Objects

    41 ===============

    42 

    43 .. index:: object: numeric

    44 

    45 .. toctree::

    46 

    47    int.rst

    48    bool.rst

    49    long.rst

    50    float.rst

    51    complex.rst

    52 

    53 

    54 .. _sequenceobjects:

    55 

    56 Sequence Objects

    57 ================

    58 

    59 .. index:: object: sequence

    60 

    61 Generic operations on sequence objects were discussed in the previous chapter;

    62 this section deals with the specific kinds of sequence objects that are

    63 intrinsic to the Python language.

    64 

    65 .. toctree::

    66 

    67    bytearray.rst

    68    string.rst

    69    unicode.rst

    70    buffer.rst

    71    tuple.rst

    72    list.rst

    73 

    74 

    75 .. _mapobjects:

    76 

    77 Mapping Objects

    78 ===============

    79 

    80 .. index:: object: mapping

    81 

    82 .. toctree::

    83 

    84    dict.rst

    85 

    86 

    87 .. _otherobjects:

    88 

    89 Other Objects

    90 =============

    91 

    92 .. toctree::

    93 

    94    class.rst

    95    function.rst

    96    method.rst

    97    file.rst

    98    module.rst

    99    iterator.rst

   100    descriptor.rst

   101    slice.rst

   102    weakref.rst

   103    cobject.rst

   104    cell.rst

   105    gen.rst

   106    datetime.rst

   107    set.rst