symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12/qemu-symbian-svp/vl.c
changeset 1 2fb8b9db1c86
child 36 a587897e3bb2
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12/qemu-symbian-svp/vl.c	Fri Jul 31 15:01:17 2009 +0100
@@ -0,0 +1,5689 @@
+/*
+ * QEMU System Emulator
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
+ * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+#include "hw/hw.h"
+#include "hw/boards.h"
+#include "hw/usb.h"
+#include "hw/pcmcia.h"
+#include "hw/pc.h"
+#include "hw/audiodev.h"
+#include "hw/isa.h"
+#include "hw/baum.h"
+#include "hw/bt.h"
+#include "net.h"
+#include "console.h"
+#include "sysemu.h"
+#include "gui_host.h"
+#include "gdbstub.h"
+#include "qemu-timer.h"
+#include "qemu-char.h"
+#include "cache-utils.h"
+#include "block.h"
+#include "audio/audio.h"
+#include "migration.h"
+#include "kvm.h"
+#include "balloon.h"
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <zlib.h>
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+#include <sys/times.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <termios.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <sys/resource.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <netinet/in.h>
+#include <net/if.h>
+#if defined(__NetBSD__)
+#include <net/if_tap.h>
+#endif
+#ifdef __linux__
+#include <linux/if_tun.h>
+#endif
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+#include <dirent.h>
+#include <netdb.h>
+#include <sys/select.h>
+#ifdef _BSD
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#ifdef __FreeBSD__
+#include <libutil.h>
+#else
+#include <util.h>
+#endif
+#elif defined (__GLIBC__) && defined (__FreeBSD_kernel__)
+#include <freebsd/stdlib.h>
+#else
+#ifdef __linux__
+#include <pty.h>
+#include <malloc.h>
+#include <linux/rtc.h>
+
+/* For the benefit of older linux systems which don't supply it,
+   we use a local copy of hpet.h. */
+/* #include <linux/hpet.h> */
+#include "hpet.h"
+
+#include <linux/ppdev.h>
+#include <linux/parport.h>
+#endif
+#ifdef __sun__
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/ethernet.h>
+#include <sys/sockio.h>
+#include <netinet/arp.h>
+#include <netinet/in.h>
+#include <netinet/in_systm.h>
+#include <netinet/ip.h>
+#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> // must come after ip.h
+#include <netinet/udp.h>
+#include <netinet/tcp.h>
+#include <net/if.h>
+#include <syslog.h>
+#include <stropts.h>
+#endif
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#include "qemu_socket.h"
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_SLIRP)
+#include "libslirp.h"
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__OpenBSD__)
+#include <util.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_VDE)
+#include <libvdeplug.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#include <malloc.h>
+#include <sys/timeb.h>
+#include <mmsystem.h>
+#define getopt_long_only getopt_long
+#define memalign(align, size) malloc(size)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SDL
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+#include <SDL/SDL.h>
+#endif
+#endif /* CONFIG_SDL */
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_COCOA
+#undef main
+#define main qemu_main
+#endif /* CONFIG_COCOA */
+
+#include "disas.h"
+
+#include "exec-all.h"
+
+//#define DEBUG_UNUSED_IOPORT
+//#define DEBUG_IOPORT
+//#define DEBUG_NET
+//#define DEBUG_SLIRP
+
+#ifdef TARGET_PPC
+#define DEFAULT_RAM_SIZE 144
+#else
+#define DEFAULT_RAM_SIZE 128
+#endif
+
+/* Max number of USB devices that can be specified on the commandline.  */
+#define MAX_USB_CMDLINE 8
+
+/* Max number of bluetooth switches on the commandline.  */
+#define MAX_BT_CMDLINE 10
+
+/* XXX: use a two level table to limit memory usage */
+#define MAX_IOPORTS 65536
+
+const char *bios_dir = NULL;
+const char *bios_name = NULL;
+const char *gui_file = NULL;
+static void *ioport_opaque[MAX_IOPORTS];
+static IOPortReadFunc *ioport_read_table[3][MAX_IOPORTS];
+static IOPortWriteFunc *ioport_write_table[3][MAX_IOPORTS];
+/* Note: drives_table[MAX_DRIVES] is a dummy block driver if none available
+   to store the VM snapshots */
+DriveInfo drives_table[MAX_DRIVES+1];
+int nb_drives;
+static int vga_ram_size;
+enum vga_retrace_method vga_retrace_method = VGA_RETRACE_DUMB;
+int nographic;
+static int curses;
+const char* keyboard_layout = NULL;
+int64_t ticks_per_sec;
+ram_addr_t ram_size;
+int nb_nics;
+NICInfo nd_table[MAX_NICS];
+int vm_running;
+static int rtc_utc = 1;
+static int rtc_date_offset = -1; /* -1 means no change */
+int cirrus_vga_enabled = 1;
+int vmsvga_enabled = 0;
+#ifdef TARGET_SPARC
+int graphic_width = 1024;
+int graphic_height = 768;
+int graphic_depth = 8;
+#else
+int graphic_width = 800;
+int graphic_height = 600;
+int graphic_depth = 15;
+#endif
+static int full_screen = 0;
+#ifdef CONFIG_SDL
+static int no_frame = 0;
+#endif
+int no_quit = 0;
+CharDriverState *serial_hds[MAX_SERIAL_PORTS];
+CharDriverState *parallel_hds[MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS];
+#ifdef TARGET_I386
+int win2k_install_hack = 0;
+#endif
+int usb_enabled = 0;
+int smp_cpus = 1;
+const char *vnc_display;
+int acpi_enabled = 1;
+int no_hpet = 0;
+int fd_bootchk = 1;
+int no_reboot = 0;
+int no_shutdown = 0;
+int cursor_hide = 1;
+int graphic_rotate = 0;
+int daemonize = 0;
+const char *option_rom[MAX_OPTION_ROMS];
+int nb_option_roms;
+int semihosting_enabled = 0;
+#ifdef TARGET_ARM
+int old_param = 0;
+#endif
+const char *qemu_name;
+int alt_grab = 0;
+#ifdef TARGET_SPARC
+unsigned int nb_prom_envs = 0;
+const char *prom_envs[MAX_PROM_ENVS];
+#endif
+static int nb_drives_opt;
+static struct drive_opt {
+    const char *file;
+    char opt[1024];
+} drives_opt[MAX_DRIVES];
+
+static CPUState *cur_cpu;
+static CPUState *next_cpu;
+static int event_pending = 1;
+/* Conversion factor from emulated instructions to virtual clock ticks.  */
+static int icount_time_shift;
+/* Arbitrarily pick 1MIPS as the minimum allowable speed.  */
+#define MAX_ICOUNT_SHIFT 10
+/* Compensate for varying guest execution speed.  */
+static int64_t qemu_icount_bias;
+static QEMUTimer *icount_rt_timer;
+static QEMUTimer *icount_vm_timer;
+
+uint8_t qemu_uuid[16];
+
+/***********************************************************/
+/* x86 ISA bus support */
+
+target_phys_addr_t isa_mem_base = 0;
+PicState2 *isa_pic;
+
+static IOPortReadFunc default_ioport_readb, default_ioport_readw, default_ioport_readl;
+static IOPortWriteFunc default_ioport_writeb, default_ioport_writew, default_ioport_writel;
+
+static uint32_t ioport_read(int index, uint32_t address)
+{
+    static IOPortReadFunc *default_func[3] = {
+        default_ioport_readb,
+        default_ioport_readw,
+        default_ioport_readl
+    };
+    IOPortReadFunc *func = ioport_read_table[index][address];
+    if (!func)
+        func = default_func[index];
+    return func(ioport_opaque[address], address);
+}
+
+static void ioport_write(int index, uint32_t address, uint32_t data)
+{
+    static IOPortWriteFunc *default_func[3] = {
+        default_ioport_writeb,
+        default_ioport_writew,
+        default_ioport_writel
+    };
+    IOPortWriteFunc *func = ioport_write_table[index][address];
+    if (!func)
+        func = default_func[index];
+    func(ioport_opaque[address], address, data);
+}
+
+static uint32_t default_ioport_readb(void *opaque, uint32_t address)
+{
+#ifdef DEBUG_UNUSED_IOPORT
+    fprintf(stderr, "unused inb: port=0x%04x\n", address);
+#endif
+    return 0xff;
+}
+
+static void default_ioport_writeb(void *opaque, uint32_t address, uint32_t data)
+{
+#ifdef DEBUG_UNUSED_IOPORT
+    fprintf(stderr, "unused outb: port=0x%04x data=0x%02x\n", address, data);
+#endif
+}
+
+/* default is to make two byte accesses */
+static uint32_t default_ioport_readw(void *opaque, uint32_t address)
+{
+    uint32_t data;
+    data = ioport_read(0, address);
+    address = (address + 1) & (MAX_IOPORTS - 1);
+    data |= ioport_read(0, address) << 8;
+    return data;
+}
+
+static void default_ioport_writew(void *opaque, uint32_t address, uint32_t data)
+{
+    ioport_write(0, address, data & 0xff);
+    address = (address + 1) & (MAX_IOPORTS - 1);
+    ioport_write(0, address, (data >> 8) & 0xff);
+}
+
+static uint32_t default_ioport_readl(void *opaque, uint32_t address)
+{
+#ifdef DEBUG_UNUSED_IOPORT
+    fprintf(stderr, "unused inl: port=0x%04x\n", address);
+#endif
+    return 0xffffffff;
+}
+
+static void default_ioport_writel(void *opaque, uint32_t address, uint32_t data)
+{
+#ifdef DEBUG_UNUSED_IOPORT
+    fprintf(stderr, "unused outl: port=0x%04x data=0x%02x\n", address, data);
+#endif
+}
+
+/* size is the word size in byte */
+int register_ioport_read(int start, int length, int size,
+                         IOPortReadFunc *func, void *opaque)
+{
+    int i, bsize;
+
+    if (size == 1) {
+        bsize = 0;
+    } else if (size == 2) {
+        bsize = 1;
+    } else if (size == 4) {
+        bsize = 2;
+    } else {
+        hw_error("register_ioport_read: invalid size");
+        return -1;
+    }
+    for(i = start; i < start + length; i += size) {
+        ioport_read_table[bsize][i] = func;
+        if (ioport_opaque[i] != NULL && ioport_opaque[i] != opaque)
+            hw_error("register_ioport_read: invalid opaque");
+        ioport_opaque[i] = opaque;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* size is the word size in byte */
+int register_ioport_write(int start, int length, int size,
+                          IOPortWriteFunc *func, void *opaque)
+{
+    int i, bsize;
+
+    if (size == 1) {
+        bsize = 0;
+    } else if (size == 2) {
+        bsize = 1;
+    } else if (size == 4) {
+        bsize = 2;
+    } else {
+        hw_error("register_ioport_write: invalid size");
+        return -1;
+    }
+    for(i = start; i < start + length; i += size) {
+        ioport_write_table[bsize][i] = func;
+        if (ioport_opaque[i] != NULL && ioport_opaque[i] != opaque)
+            hw_error("register_ioport_write: invalid opaque");
+        ioport_opaque[i] = opaque;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void isa_unassign_ioport(int start, int length)
+{
+    int i;
+
+    for(i = start; i < start + length; i++) {
+        ioport_read_table[0][i] = default_ioport_readb;
+        ioport_read_table[1][i] = default_ioport_readw;
+        ioport_read_table[2][i] = default_ioport_readl;
+
+        ioport_write_table[0][i] = default_ioport_writeb;
+        ioport_write_table[1][i] = default_ioport_writew;
+        ioport_write_table[2][i] = default_ioport_writel;
+    }
+}
+
+/***********************************************************/
+
+void cpu_outb(CPUState *env, int addr, int val)
+{
+#ifdef DEBUG_IOPORT
+    if (loglevel & CPU_LOG_IOPORT)
+        fprintf(logfile, "outb: %04x %02x\n", addr, val);
+#endif
+    ioport_write(0, addr, val);
+#ifdef USE_KQEMU
+    if (env)
+        env->last_io_time = cpu_get_time_fast();
+#endif
+}
+
+void cpu_outw(CPUState *env, int addr, int val)
+{
+#ifdef DEBUG_IOPORT
+    if (loglevel & CPU_LOG_IOPORT)
+        fprintf(logfile, "outw: %04x %04x\n", addr, val);
+#endif
+    ioport_write(1, addr, val);
+#ifdef USE_KQEMU
+    if (env)
+        env->last_io_time = cpu_get_time_fast();
+#endif
+}
+
+void cpu_outl(CPUState *env, int addr, int val)
+{
+#ifdef DEBUG_IOPORT
+    if (loglevel & CPU_LOG_IOPORT)
+        fprintf(logfile, "outl: %04x %08x\n", addr, val);
+#endif
+    ioport_write(2, addr, val);
+#ifdef USE_KQEMU
+    if (env)
+        env->last_io_time = cpu_get_time_fast();
+#endif
+}
+
+int cpu_inb(CPUState *env, int addr)
+{
+    int val;
+    val = ioport_read(0, addr);
+#ifdef DEBUG_IOPORT
+    if (loglevel & CPU_LOG_IOPORT)
+        fprintf(logfile, "inb : %04x %02x\n", addr, val);
+#endif
+#ifdef USE_KQEMU
+    if (env)
+        env->last_io_time = cpu_get_time_fast();
+#endif
+    return val;
+}
+
+int cpu_inw(CPUState *env, int addr)
+{
+    int val;
+    val = ioport_read(1, addr);
+#ifdef DEBUG_IOPORT
+    if (loglevel & CPU_LOG_IOPORT)
+        fprintf(logfile, "inw : %04x %04x\n", addr, val);
+#endif
+#ifdef USE_KQEMU
+    if (env)
+        env->last_io_time = cpu_get_time_fast();
+#endif
+    return val;
+}
+
+int cpu_inl(CPUState *env, int addr)
+{
+    int val;
+    val = ioport_read(2, addr);
+#ifdef DEBUG_IOPORT
+    if (loglevel & CPU_LOG_IOPORT)
+        fprintf(logfile, "inl : %04x %08x\n", addr, val);
+#endif
+#ifdef USE_KQEMU
+    if (env)
+        env->last_io_time = cpu_get_time_fast();
+#endif
+    return val;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************/
+void hw_error(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+    va_list ap;
+    CPUState *env;
+
+    va_start(ap, fmt);
+    fprintf(stderr, "qemu: hardware error: ");
+    vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
+    fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+    for(env = first_cpu; env != NULL; env = env->next_cpu) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "CPU #%d:\n", env->cpu_index);
+#ifdef TARGET_I386
+        cpu_dump_state(env, stderr, fprintf, X86_DUMP_FPU);
+#else
+        cpu_dump_state(env, stderr, fprintf, 0);
+#endif
+    }
+    va_end(ap);
+    abort();
+}
+ 
+/***************/
+/* ballooning */
+
+static QEMUBalloonEvent *qemu_balloon_event;
+void *qemu_balloon_event_opaque;
+
+void qemu_add_balloon_handler(QEMUBalloonEvent *func, void *opaque)
+{
+    qemu_balloon_event = func;
+    qemu_balloon_event_opaque = opaque;
+}
+
+void qemu_balloon(ram_addr_t target)
+{
+    if (qemu_balloon_event)
+        qemu_balloon_event(qemu_balloon_event_opaque, target);
+}
+
+ram_addr_t qemu_balloon_status(void)
+{
+    if (qemu_balloon_event)
+        return qemu_balloon_event(qemu_balloon_event_opaque, 0);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************/
+/* keyboard/mouse */
+
+static QEMUPutMouseEntry *qemu_put_mouse_event_head;
+static QEMUPutMouseEntry *qemu_put_mouse_event_current;
+
+/*typedef*/ struct QEMUPutMouseEntry {
+    QEMUPutMouseEvent *qemu_put_mouse_event;
+    void *qemu_put_mouse_event_opaque;
+    int qemu_put_mouse_event_absolute;
+    char *qemu_put_mouse_event_name;
+
+    /* used internally by qemu for handling mice */
+    struct QEMUPutMouseEntry *next;
+} /*QEMUPutMouseEntry*/;
+
+QEMUPutMouseEntry *qemu_add_mouse_event_handler(QEMUPutMouseEvent *func,
+                                                void *opaque, int absolute,
+                                                const char *name)
+{
+    QEMUPutMouseEntry *s, *cursor;
+
+    s = qemu_mallocz(sizeof(QEMUPutMouseEntry));
+    if (!s)
+        return NULL;
+
+    s->qemu_put_mouse_event = func;
+    s->qemu_put_mouse_event_opaque = opaque;
+    s->qemu_put_mouse_event_absolute = absolute;
+    s->qemu_put_mouse_event_name = qemu_strdup(name);
+    s->next = NULL;
+
+    if (!qemu_put_mouse_event_head) {
+        qemu_put_mouse_event_head = qemu_put_mouse_event_current = s;
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    cursor = qemu_put_mouse_event_head;
+    while (cursor->next != NULL)
+        cursor = cursor->next;
+
+    cursor->next = s;
+    qemu_put_mouse_event_current = s;
+
+    return s;
+}
+
+void qemu_remove_mouse_event_handler(QEMUPutMouseEntry *entry)
+{
+    QEMUPutMouseEntry *prev = NULL, *cursor;
+
+    if (!qemu_put_mouse_event_head || entry == NULL)
+        return;
+
+    cursor = qemu_put_mouse_event_head;
+    while (cursor != NULL && cursor != entry) {
+        prev = cursor;
+        cursor = cursor->next;
+    }
+
+    if (cursor == NULL) // does not exist or list empty
+        return;
+    else if (prev == NULL) { // entry is head
+        qemu_put_mouse_event_head = cursor->next;
+        if (qemu_put_mouse_event_current == entry)
+            qemu_put_mouse_event_current = cursor->next;
+        qemu_free(entry->qemu_put_mouse_event_name);
+        qemu_free(entry);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    prev->next = entry->next;
+
+    if (qemu_put_mouse_event_current == entry)
+        qemu_put_mouse_event_current = prev;
+
+    qemu_free(entry->qemu_put_mouse_event_name);
+    qemu_free(entry);
+}
+
+void kbd_mouse_event(int dx, int dy, int dz, int buttons_state)
+{
+    QEMUPutMouseEvent *mouse_event;
+    void *mouse_event_opaque;
+    int width;
+
+    if (!qemu_put_mouse_event_current) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    mouse_event =
+        qemu_put_mouse_event_current->qemu_put_mouse_event;
+    mouse_event_opaque =
+        qemu_put_mouse_event_current->qemu_put_mouse_event_opaque;
+
+    if (mouse_event) {
+        if (graphic_rotate) {
+            if (qemu_put_mouse_event_current->qemu_put_mouse_event_absolute)
+                width = 0x7fff;
+            else
+                width = graphic_width - 1;
+            mouse_event(mouse_event_opaque,
+                                 width - dy, dx, dz, buttons_state);
+        } else
+            mouse_event(mouse_event_opaque,
+                                 dx, dy, dz, buttons_state);
+    }
+}
+
+int kbd_mouse_is_absolute(void)
+{
+    if (!qemu_put_mouse_event_current)
+        return 0;
+
+    return qemu_put_mouse_event_current->qemu_put_mouse_event_absolute;
+}
+
+void do_info_mice(void)
+{
+    QEMUPutMouseEntry *cursor;
+    int index = 0;
+
+    if (!qemu_put_mouse_event_head) {
+        term_printf("No mouse devices connected\n");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    term_printf("Mouse devices available:\n");
+    cursor = qemu_put_mouse_event_head;
+    while (cursor != NULL) {
+        term_printf("%c Mouse #%d: %s\n",
+                    (cursor == qemu_put_mouse_event_current ? '*' : ' '),
+                    index, cursor->qemu_put_mouse_event_name);
+        index++;
+        cursor = cursor->next;
+    }
+}
+
+void do_mouse_set(int index)
+{
+    QEMUPutMouseEntry *cursor;
+    int i = 0;
+
+    if (!qemu_put_mouse_event_head) {
+        term_printf("No mouse devices connected\n");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    cursor = qemu_put_mouse_event_head;
+    while (cursor != NULL && index != i) {
+        i++;
+        cursor = cursor->next;
+    }
+
+    if (cursor != NULL)
+        qemu_put_mouse_event_current = cursor;
+    else
+        term_printf("Mouse at given index not found\n");
+}
+
+/* compute with 96 bit intermediate result: (a*b)/c */
+uint64_t muldiv64(uint64_t a, uint32_t b, uint32_t c)
+{
+    union {
+        uint64_t ll;
+        struct {
+#ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
+            uint32_t high, low;
+#else
+            uint32_t low, high;
+#endif
+        } l;
+    } u, res;
+    uint64_t rl, rh;
+
+    u.ll = a;
+    rl = (uint64_t)u.l.low * (uint64_t)b;
+    rh = (uint64_t)u.l.high * (uint64_t)b;
+    rh += (rl >> 32);
+    res.l.high = rh / c;
+    res.l.low = (((rh % c) << 32) + (rl & 0xffffffff)) / c;
+    return res.ll;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************/
+/* real time host monotonic timer */
+
+#define QEMU_TIMER_BASE 1000000000LL
+
+#ifdef WIN32
+
+static int64_t clock_freq;
+
+static void init_get_clock(void)
+{
+    LARGE_INTEGER freq;
+    int ret;
+    ret = QueryPerformanceFrequency(&freq);
+    if (ret == 0) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Could not calibrate ticks\n");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+    clock_freq = freq.QuadPart;
+}
+
+static int64_t get_clock(void)
+{
+    LARGE_INTEGER ti;
+    QueryPerformanceCounter(&ti);
+    return muldiv64(ti.QuadPart, QEMU_TIMER_BASE, clock_freq);
+}
+
+#else
+
+static int use_rt_clock;
+
+static void init_get_clock(void)
+{
+    use_rt_clock = 0;
+#if defined(__linux__) || (defined(__FreeBSD__) && __FreeBSD_version >= 500000)
+    {
+        struct timespec ts;
+        if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts) == 0) {
+            use_rt_clock = 1;
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+}
+
+static int64_t get_clock(void)
+{
+#if defined(__linux__) || (defined(__FreeBSD__) && __FreeBSD_version >= 500000)
+    if (use_rt_clock) {
+        struct timespec ts;
+        clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts);
+        return ts.tv_sec * 1000000000LL + ts.tv_nsec;
+    } else
+#endif
+    {
+        /* XXX: using gettimeofday leads to problems if the date
+           changes, so it should be avoided. */
+        struct timeval tv;
+        gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
+        return tv.tv_sec * 1000000000LL + (tv.tv_usec * 1000);
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+/* Return the virtual CPU time, based on the instruction counter.  */
+static int64_t cpu_get_icount(void)
+{
+    int64_t icount;
+    CPUState *env = cpu_single_env;;
+    icount = qemu_icount;
+    if (env) {
+        if (!can_do_io(env))
+            fprintf(stderr, "Bad clock read\n");
+        icount -= (env->icount_decr.u16.low + env->icount_extra);
+    }
+    return qemu_icount_bias + (icount << icount_time_shift);
+}
+
+/***********************************************************/
+/* guest cycle counter */
+
+static int64_t cpu_ticks_prev;
+static int64_t cpu_ticks_offset;
+static int64_t cpu_clock_offset;
+static int cpu_ticks_enabled;
+
+/* return the host CPU cycle counter and handle stop/restart */
+int64_t cpu_get_ticks(void)
+{
+    if (use_icount) {
+        return cpu_get_icount();
+    }
+    if (!cpu_ticks_enabled) {
+        return cpu_ticks_offset;
+    } else {
+        int64_t ticks;
+        ticks = cpu_get_real_ticks();
+        if (cpu_ticks_prev > ticks) {
+            /* Note: non increasing ticks may happen if the host uses
+               software suspend */
+            cpu_ticks_offset += cpu_ticks_prev - ticks;
+        }
+        cpu_ticks_prev = ticks;
+        return ticks + cpu_ticks_offset;
+    }
+}
+
+/* return the host CPU monotonic timer and handle stop/restart */
+static int64_t cpu_get_clock(void)
+{
+    int64_t ti;
+    if (!cpu_ticks_enabled) {
+        return cpu_clock_offset;
+    } else {
+        ti = get_clock();
+        return ti + cpu_clock_offset;
+    }
+}
+
+/* enable cpu_get_ticks() */
+void cpu_enable_ticks(void)
+{
+    if (!cpu_ticks_enabled) {
+        cpu_ticks_offset -= cpu_get_real_ticks();
+        cpu_clock_offset -= get_clock();
+        cpu_ticks_enabled = 1;
+    }
+}
+
+/* disable cpu_get_ticks() : the clock is stopped. You must not call
+   cpu_get_ticks() after that.  */
+void cpu_disable_ticks(void)
+{
+    if (cpu_ticks_enabled) {
+        cpu_ticks_offset = cpu_get_ticks();
+        cpu_clock_offset = cpu_get_clock();
+        cpu_ticks_enabled = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+/***********************************************************/
+/* timers */
+
+#define QEMU_TIMER_REALTIME 0
+#define QEMU_TIMER_VIRTUAL  1
+
+struct QEMUClock {
+    int type;
+    /* XXX: add frequency */
+};
+
+struct QEMUTimer {
+    QEMUClock *clock;
+    int64_t expire_time;
+    QEMUTimerCB *cb;
+    void *opaque;
+    struct QEMUTimer *next;
+};
+
+struct qemu_alarm_timer {
+    char const *name;
+    unsigned int flags;
+
+    int (*start)(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
+    void (*stop)(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
+    void (*rearm)(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
+    void *priv;
+};
+
+#define ALARM_FLAG_DYNTICKS  0x1
+#define ALARM_FLAG_EXPIRED   0x2
+
+static inline int alarm_has_dynticks(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t)
+{
+    return t->flags & ALARM_FLAG_DYNTICKS;
+}
+
+static void qemu_rearm_alarm_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t)
+{
+    if (!alarm_has_dynticks(t))
+        return;
+
+    t->rearm(t);
+}
+
+/* TODO: MIN_TIMER_REARM_US should be optimized */
+#define MIN_TIMER_REARM_US 250
+
+static struct qemu_alarm_timer *alarm_timer;
+#ifndef _WIN32
+static int alarm_timer_rfd, alarm_timer_wfd;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+
+struct qemu_alarm_win32 {
+    MMRESULT timerId;
+    HANDLE host_alarm;
+    unsigned int period;
+} alarm_win32_data = {0, NULL, -1};
+
+static int win32_start_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
+static void win32_stop_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
+static void win32_rearm_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
+
+#else
+
+static int unix_start_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
+static void unix_stop_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
+
+#ifdef __linux__
+
+static int dynticks_start_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
+static void dynticks_stop_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
+static void dynticks_rearm_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
+
+static int hpet_start_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
+static void hpet_stop_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
+
+static int rtc_start_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
+static void rtc_stop_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
+
+#endif /* __linux__ */
+
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+
+/* Correlation between real and virtual time is always going to be
+   fairly approximate, so ignore small variation.
+   When the guest is idle real and virtual time will be aligned in
+   the IO wait loop.  */
+#define ICOUNT_WOBBLE (QEMU_TIMER_BASE / 10)
+
+static void icount_adjust(void)
+{
+    int64_t cur_time;
+    int64_t cur_icount;
+    int64_t delta;
+    static int64_t last_delta;
+    /* If the VM is not running, then do nothing.  */
+    if (!vm_running)
+        return;
+
+    cur_time = cpu_get_clock();
+    cur_icount = qemu_get_clock(vm_clock);
+    delta = cur_icount - cur_time;
+    /* FIXME: This is a very crude algorithm, somewhat prone to oscillation.  */
+    if (delta > 0
+        && last_delta + ICOUNT_WOBBLE < delta * 2
+        && icount_time_shift > 0) {
+        /* The guest is getting too far ahead.  Slow time down.  */
+        icount_time_shift--;
+    }
+    if (delta < 0
+        && last_delta - ICOUNT_WOBBLE > delta * 2
+        && icount_time_shift < MAX_ICOUNT_SHIFT) {
+        /* The guest is getting too far behind.  Speed time up.  */
+        icount_time_shift++;
+    }
+    last_delta = delta;
+    qemu_icount_bias = cur_icount - (qemu_icount << icount_time_shift);
+}
+
+static void icount_adjust_rt(void * opaque)
+{
+    qemu_mod_timer(icount_rt_timer,
+                   qemu_get_clock(rt_clock) + 1000);
+    icount_adjust();
+}
+
+static void icount_adjust_vm(void * opaque)
+{
+    qemu_mod_timer(icount_vm_timer,
+                   qemu_get_clock(vm_clock) + QEMU_TIMER_BASE / 10);
+    icount_adjust();
+}
+
+static void init_icount_adjust(void)
+{
+    /* Have both realtime and virtual time triggers for speed adjustment.
+       The realtime trigger catches emulated time passing too slowly,
+       the virtual time trigger catches emulated time passing too fast.
+       Realtime triggers occur even when idle, so use them less frequently
+       than VM triggers.  */
+    icount_rt_timer = qemu_new_timer(rt_clock, icount_adjust_rt, NULL);
+    qemu_mod_timer(icount_rt_timer,
+                   qemu_get_clock(rt_clock) + 1000);
+    icount_vm_timer = qemu_new_timer(vm_clock, icount_adjust_vm, NULL);
+    qemu_mod_timer(icount_vm_timer,
+                   qemu_get_clock(vm_clock) + QEMU_TIMER_BASE / 10);
+}
+
+static struct qemu_alarm_timer alarm_timers[] = {
+#ifndef _WIN32
+#ifdef __linux__
+    {"dynticks", ALARM_FLAG_DYNTICKS, dynticks_start_timer,
+     dynticks_stop_timer, dynticks_rearm_timer, NULL},
+    /* HPET - if available - is preferred */
+    {"hpet", 0, hpet_start_timer, hpet_stop_timer, NULL, NULL},
+    /* ...otherwise try RTC */
+    {"rtc", 0, rtc_start_timer, rtc_stop_timer, NULL, NULL},
+#endif
+    {"unix", 0, unix_start_timer, unix_stop_timer, NULL, NULL},
+#else
+    {"dynticks", ALARM_FLAG_DYNTICKS, win32_start_timer,
+     win32_stop_timer, win32_rearm_timer, &alarm_win32_data},
+    {"win32", 0, win32_start_timer,
+     win32_stop_timer, NULL, &alarm_win32_data},
+#endif
+    {NULL, }
+};
+
+static void show_available_alarms(void)
+{
+    int i;
+
+    printf("Available alarm timers, in order of precedence:\n");
+    for (i = 0; alarm_timers[i].name; i++)
+        printf("%s\n", alarm_timers[i].name);
+}
+
+static void configure_alarms(char const *opt)
+{
+    int i;
+    int cur = 0;
+    int count = ARRAY_SIZE(alarm_timers) - 1;
+    char *arg;
+    char *name;
+    struct qemu_alarm_timer tmp;
+
+    if (!strcmp(opt, "?")) {
+        show_available_alarms();
+        exit(0);
+    }
+
+    arg = strdup(opt);
+
+    /* Reorder the array */
+    name = strtok(arg, ",");
+    while (name) {
+        for (i = 0; i < count && alarm_timers[i].name; i++) {
+            if (!strcmp(alarm_timers[i].name, name))
+                break;
+        }
+
+        if (i == count) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Unknown clock %s\n", name);
+            goto next;
+        }
+
+        if (i < cur)
+            /* Ignore */
+            goto next;
+
+	/* Swap */
+        tmp = alarm_timers[i];
+        alarm_timers[i] = alarm_timers[cur];
+        alarm_timers[cur] = tmp;
+
+        cur++;
+next:
+        name = strtok(NULL, ",");
+    }
+
+    free(arg);
+
+    if (cur) {
+        /* Disable remaining timers */
+        for (i = cur; i < count; i++)
+            alarm_timers[i].name = NULL;
+    } else {
+        show_available_alarms();
+        exit(1);
+    }
+}
+
+QEMUClock *rt_clock;
+QEMUClock *vm_clock;
+
+static QEMUTimer *active_timers[2];
+
+static QEMUClock *qemu_new_clock(int type)
+{
+    QEMUClock *clock;
+    clock = qemu_mallocz(sizeof(QEMUClock));
+    if (!clock)
+        return NULL;
+    clock->type = type;
+    return clock;
+}
+
+QEMUTimer *qemu_new_timer(QEMUClock *clock, QEMUTimerCB *cb, void *opaque)
+{
+    QEMUTimer *ts;
+
+    ts = qemu_mallocz(sizeof(QEMUTimer));
+    ts->clock = clock;
+    ts->cb = cb;
+    ts->opaque = opaque;
+    return ts;
+}
+
+void qemu_free_timer(QEMUTimer *ts)
+{
+    qemu_free(ts);
+}
+
+/* stop a timer, but do not dealloc it */
+void qemu_del_timer(QEMUTimer *ts)
+{
+    QEMUTimer **pt, *t;
+
+    /* NOTE: this code must be signal safe because
+       qemu_timer_expired() can be called from a signal. */
+    pt = &active_timers[ts->clock->type];
+    for(;;) {
+        t = *pt;
+        if (!t)
+            break;
+        if (t == ts) {
+            *pt = t->next;
+            break;
+        }
+        pt = &t->next;
+    }
+}
+
+/* modify the current timer so that it will be fired when current_time
+   >= expire_time. The corresponding callback will be called. */
+void qemu_mod_timer(QEMUTimer *ts, int64_t expire_time)
+{
+    QEMUTimer **pt, *t;
+
+    qemu_del_timer(ts);
+
+    /* add the timer in the sorted list */
+    /* NOTE: this code must be signal safe because
+       qemu_timer_expired() can be called from a signal. */
+    pt = &active_timers[ts->clock->type];
+    for(;;) {
+        t = *pt;
+        if (!t)
+            break;
+        if (t->expire_time > expire_time)
+            break;
+        pt = &t->next;
+    }
+    ts->expire_time = expire_time;
+    ts->next = *pt;
+    *pt = ts;
+
+    /* Rearm if necessary  */
+    if (pt == &active_timers[ts->clock->type]) {
+        if ((alarm_timer->flags & ALARM_FLAG_EXPIRED) == 0) {
+            qemu_rearm_alarm_timer(alarm_timer);
+        }
+        /* Interrupt execution to force deadline recalculation.  */
+        if (use_icount && cpu_single_env) {
+            cpu_interrupt(cpu_single_env, CPU_INTERRUPT_EXIT);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+int qemu_timer_pending(QEMUTimer *ts)
+{
+    QEMUTimer *t;
+    for(t = active_timers[ts->clock->type]; t != NULL; t = t->next) {
+        if (t == ts)
+            return 1;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int qemu_timer_expired(QEMUTimer *timer_head, int64_t current_time)
+{
+    if (!timer_head)
+        return 0;
+    return (timer_head->expire_time <= current_time);
+}
+
+static void qemu_run_timers(QEMUTimer **ptimer_head, int64_t current_time)
+{
+    QEMUTimer *ts;
+
+    for(;;) {
+        ts = *ptimer_head;
+        if (!ts || ts->expire_time > current_time)
+            break;
+        /* remove timer from the list before calling the callback */
+        *ptimer_head = ts->next;
+        ts->next = NULL;
+
+        /* run the callback (the timer list can be modified) */
+        ts->cb(ts->opaque);
+    }
+}
+
+int64_t qemu_get_clock(QEMUClock *clock)
+{
+    switch(clock->type) {
+    case QEMU_TIMER_REALTIME:
+        return get_clock() / 1000000;
+    default:
+    case QEMU_TIMER_VIRTUAL:
+        if (use_icount) {
+            return cpu_get_icount();
+        } else {
+            return cpu_get_clock();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void init_timers(void)
+{
+    init_get_clock();
+    ticks_per_sec = QEMU_TIMER_BASE;
+    rt_clock = qemu_new_clock(QEMU_TIMER_REALTIME);
+    vm_clock = qemu_new_clock(QEMU_TIMER_VIRTUAL);
+}
+
+/* save a timer */
+void qemu_put_timer(QEMUFile *f, QEMUTimer *ts)
+{
+    uint64_t expire_time;
+
+    if (qemu_timer_pending(ts)) {
+        expire_time = ts->expire_time;
+    } else {
+        expire_time = -1;
+    }
+    qemu_put_be64(f, expire_time);
+}
+
+void qemu_get_timer(QEMUFile *f, QEMUTimer *ts)
+{
+    uint64_t expire_time;
+
+    expire_time = qemu_get_be64(f);
+    if (expire_time != -1) {
+        qemu_mod_timer(ts, expire_time);
+    } else {
+        qemu_del_timer(ts);
+    }
+}
+
+static void timer_save(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque)
+{
+    if (cpu_ticks_enabled) {
+        hw_error("cannot save state if virtual timers are running");
+    }
+    qemu_put_be64(f, cpu_ticks_offset);
+    qemu_put_be64(f, ticks_per_sec);
+    qemu_put_be64(f, cpu_clock_offset);
+}
+
+static int timer_load(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque, int version_id)
+{
+    if (version_id != 1 && version_id != 2)
+        return -EINVAL;
+    if (cpu_ticks_enabled) {
+        return -EINVAL;
+    }
+    cpu_ticks_offset=qemu_get_be64(f);
+    ticks_per_sec=qemu_get_be64(f);
+    if (version_id == 2) {
+        cpu_clock_offset=qemu_get_be64(f);
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+void CALLBACK host_alarm_handler(UINT uTimerID, UINT uMsg,
+                                 DWORD_PTR dwUser, DWORD_PTR dw1, DWORD_PTR dw2)
+#else
+static void host_alarm_handler(int host_signum)
+#endif
+{
+#if 0
+#define DISP_FREQ 1000
+    {
+        static int64_t delta_min = INT64_MAX;
+        static int64_t delta_max, delta_cum, last_clock, delta, ti;
+        static int count;
+        ti = qemu_get_clock(vm_clock);
+        if (last_clock != 0) {
+            delta = ti - last_clock;
+            if (delta < delta_min)
+                delta_min = delta;
+            if (delta > delta_max)
+                delta_max = delta;
+            delta_cum += delta;
+            if (++count == DISP_FREQ) {
+                printf("timer: min=%" PRId64 " us max=%" PRId64 " us avg=%" PRId64 " us avg_freq=%0.3f Hz\n",
+                       muldiv64(delta_min, 1000000, ticks_per_sec),
+                       muldiv64(delta_max, 1000000, ticks_per_sec),
+                       muldiv64(delta_cum, 1000000 / DISP_FREQ, ticks_per_sec),
+                       (double)ticks_per_sec / ((double)delta_cum / DISP_FREQ));
+                count = 0;
+                delta_min = INT64_MAX;
+                delta_max = 0;
+                delta_cum = 0;
+            }
+        }
+        last_clock = ti;
+    }
+#endif
+    if (alarm_has_dynticks(alarm_timer) ||
+        (!use_icount &&
+            qemu_timer_expired(active_timers[QEMU_TIMER_VIRTUAL],
+                               qemu_get_clock(vm_clock))) ||
+        qemu_timer_expired(active_timers[QEMU_TIMER_REALTIME],
+                           qemu_get_clock(rt_clock))) {
+        CPUState *env = next_cpu;
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+        struct qemu_alarm_win32 *data = ((struct qemu_alarm_timer*)dwUser)->priv;
+        SetEvent(data->host_alarm);
+#else
+        static const char byte = 0;
+        write(alarm_timer_wfd, &byte, sizeof(byte));
+#endif
+        alarm_timer->flags |= ALARM_FLAG_EXPIRED;
+
+        if (env) {
+            /* stop the currently executing cpu because a timer occured */
+            cpu_interrupt(env, CPU_INTERRUPT_EXIT);
+#ifdef USE_KQEMU
+	    if (env->kqemu_enabled) {
+		kqemu_cpu_interrupt(env);
+	    }
+#endif
+	}
+        event_pending = 1;
+        event_pending = 1;
+    }
+}
+
+static int64_t qemu_next_deadline(void)
+{
+    int64_t delta;
+
+    if (active_timers[QEMU_TIMER_VIRTUAL]) {
+        delta = active_timers[QEMU_TIMER_VIRTUAL]->expire_time -
+                     qemu_get_clock(vm_clock);
+    } else {
+        /* To avoid problems with overflow limit this to 2^32.  */
+        delta = INT32_MAX;
+    }
+
+    if (delta < 0)
+        delta = 0;
+
+    return delta;
+}
+
+#if defined(__linux__) || defined(_WIN32)
+static uint64_t qemu_next_deadline_dyntick(void)
+{
+    int64_t delta;
+    int64_t rtdelta;
+
+    if (use_icount)
+        delta = INT32_MAX;
+    else
+        delta = (qemu_next_deadline() + 999) / 1000;
+
+    if (active_timers[QEMU_TIMER_REALTIME]) {
+        rtdelta = (active_timers[QEMU_TIMER_REALTIME]->expire_time -
+                 qemu_get_clock(rt_clock))*1000;
+        if (rtdelta < delta)
+            delta = rtdelta;
+    }
+
+    if (delta < MIN_TIMER_REARM_US)
+        delta = MIN_TIMER_REARM_US;
+
+    return delta;
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+
+/* Sets a specific flag */
+static int fcntl_setfl(int fd, int flag)
+{
+    int flags;
+
+    flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL);
+    if (flags == -1)
+        return -errno;
+
+    if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, flags | flag) == -1)
+        return -errno;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+#if defined(__linux__)
+
+#define RTC_FREQ 1024
+
+static void enable_sigio_timer(int fd)
+{
+    struct sigaction act;
+
+    /* timer signal */
+    sigfillset(&act.sa_mask);
+    act.sa_flags = 0;
+    act.sa_handler = host_alarm_handler;
+
+    sigaction(SIGIO, &act, NULL);
+    fcntl_setfl(fd, O_ASYNC);
+    fcntl(fd, F_SETOWN, getpid());
+}
+
+static int hpet_start_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t)
+{
+    struct hpet_info info;
+    int r, fd;
+
+    fd = open("/dev/hpet", O_RDONLY);
+    if (fd < 0)
+        return -1;
+
+    /* Set frequency */
+    r = ioctl(fd, HPET_IRQFREQ, RTC_FREQ);
+    if (r < 0) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Could not configure '/dev/hpet' to have a 1024Hz timer. This is not a fatal\n"
+                "error, but for better emulation accuracy type:\n"
+                "'echo 1024 > /proc/sys/dev/hpet/max-user-freq' as root.\n");
+        goto fail;
+    }
+
+    /* Check capabilities */
+    r = ioctl(fd, HPET_INFO, &info);
+    if (r < 0)
+        goto fail;
+
+    /* Enable periodic mode */
+    r = ioctl(fd, HPET_EPI, 0);
+    if (info.hi_flags && (r < 0))
+        goto fail;
+
+    /* Enable interrupt */
+    r = ioctl(fd, HPET_IE_ON, 0);
+    if (r < 0)
+        goto fail;
+
+    enable_sigio_timer(fd);
+    t->priv = (void *)(long)fd;
+
+    return 0;
+fail:
+    close(fd);
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static void hpet_stop_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t)
+{
+    int fd = (long)t->priv;
+
+    close(fd);
+}
+
+static int rtc_start_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t)
+{
+    int rtc_fd;
+    unsigned long current_rtc_freq = 0;
+
+    TFR(rtc_fd = open("/dev/rtc", O_RDONLY));
+    if (rtc_fd < 0)
+        return -1;
+    ioctl(rtc_fd, RTC_IRQP_READ, &current_rtc_freq);
+    if (current_rtc_freq != RTC_FREQ &&
+        ioctl(rtc_fd, RTC_IRQP_SET, RTC_FREQ) < 0) {
+#if 0
+        fprintf(stderr, "Could not configure '/dev/rtc' to have a 1024 Hz timer. This is not a fatal\n"
+                "error, but for better emulation accuracy either use a 2.6 host Linux kernel or\n"
+                "type 'echo 1024 > /proc/sys/dev/rtc/max-user-freq' as root.\n");
+#endif
+        goto fail;
+    }
+    if (ioctl(rtc_fd, RTC_PIE_ON, 0) < 0) {
+    fail:
+        close(rtc_fd);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    enable_sigio_timer(rtc_fd);
+
+    t->priv = (void *)(long)rtc_fd;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void rtc_stop_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t)
+{
+    int rtc_fd = (long)t->priv;
+
+    close(rtc_fd);
+}
+
+static int dynticks_start_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t)
+{
+    struct sigevent ev;
+    timer_t host_timer;
+    struct sigaction act;
+
+    sigfillset(&act.sa_mask);
+    act.sa_flags = 0;
+    act.sa_handler = host_alarm_handler;
+
+    sigaction(SIGALRM, &act, NULL);
+
+    ev.sigev_value.sival_int = 0;
+    ev.sigev_notify = SIGEV_SIGNAL;
+    ev.sigev_signo = SIGALRM;
+
+    if (timer_create(CLOCK_REALTIME, &ev, &host_timer)) {
+        perror("timer_create");
+
+        /* disable dynticks */
+        fprintf(stderr, "Dynamic Ticks disabled\n");
+
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    t->priv = (void *)(long)host_timer;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void dynticks_stop_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t)
+{
+    timer_t host_timer = (timer_t)(long)t->priv;
+
+    timer_delete(host_timer);
+}
+
+static void dynticks_rearm_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t)
+{
+    timer_t host_timer = (timer_t)(long)t->priv;
+    struct itimerspec timeout;
+    int64_t nearest_delta_us = INT64_MAX;
+    int64_t current_us;
+
+    if (!active_timers[QEMU_TIMER_REALTIME] &&
+                !active_timers[QEMU_TIMER_VIRTUAL])
+        return;
+
+    nearest_delta_us = qemu_next_deadline_dyntick();
+
+    /* check whether a timer is already running */
+    if (timer_gettime(host_timer, &timeout)) {
+        perror("gettime");
+        fprintf(stderr, "Internal timer error: aborting\n");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+    current_us = timeout.it_value.tv_sec * 1000000 + timeout.it_value.tv_nsec/1000;
+    if (current_us && current_us <= nearest_delta_us)
+        return;
+
+    timeout.it_interval.tv_sec = 0;
+    timeout.it_interval.tv_nsec = 0; /* 0 for one-shot timer */
+    timeout.it_value.tv_sec =  nearest_delta_us / 1000000;
+    timeout.it_value.tv_nsec = (nearest_delta_us % 1000000) * 1000;
+    if (timer_settime(host_timer, 0 /* RELATIVE */, &timeout, NULL)) {
+        perror("settime");
+        fprintf(stderr, "Internal timer error: aborting\n");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+}
+
+#endif /* defined(__linux__) */
+
+static int unix_start_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t)
+{
+    struct sigaction act;
+    struct itimerval itv;
+    int err;
+
+    /* timer signal */
+    sigfillset(&act.sa_mask);
+    act.sa_flags = 0;
+    act.sa_handler = host_alarm_handler;
+
+    sigaction(SIGALRM, &act, NULL);
+
+    itv.it_interval.tv_sec = 0;
+    /* for i386 kernel 2.6 to get 1 ms */
+    itv.it_interval.tv_usec = 999;
+    itv.it_value.tv_sec = 0;
+    itv.it_value.tv_usec = 10 * 1000;
+
+    err = setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &itv, NULL);
+    if (err)
+        return -1;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void unix_stop_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t)
+{
+    struct itimerval itv;
+
+    memset(&itv, 0, sizeof(itv));
+    setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &itv, NULL);
+}
+
+#endif /* !defined(_WIN32) */
+
+static void try_to_rearm_timer(void *opaque)
+{
+    struct qemu_alarm_timer *t = opaque;
+#ifndef _WIN32
+    ssize_t len;
+
+    /* Drain the notify pipe */
+    do {
+        char buffer[512];
+        len = read(alarm_timer_rfd, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
+    } while ((len == -1 && errno == EINTR) || len > 0);
+#endif
+
+    if (t->flags & ALARM_FLAG_EXPIRED) {
+        alarm_timer->flags &= ~ALARM_FLAG_EXPIRED;
+        qemu_rearm_alarm_timer(alarm_timer);
+    }
+}
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+
+static int win32_start_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t)
+{
+    TIMECAPS tc;
+    struct qemu_alarm_win32 *data = t->priv;
+    UINT flags;
+
+    data->host_alarm = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
+    if (!data->host_alarm) {
+        perror("Failed CreateEvent");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    memset(&tc, 0, sizeof(tc));
+    timeGetDevCaps(&tc, sizeof(tc));
+
+    if (data->period < tc.wPeriodMin)
+        data->period = tc.wPeriodMin;
+
+    timeBeginPeriod(data->period);
+
+    flags = TIME_CALLBACK_FUNCTION;
+    if (alarm_has_dynticks(t))
+        flags |= TIME_ONESHOT;
+    else
+        flags |= TIME_PERIODIC;
+
+    data->timerId = timeSetEvent(1,         // interval (ms)
+                        data->period,       // resolution
+                        host_alarm_handler, // function
+                        (DWORD)t,           // parameter
+                        flags);
+
+    if (!data->timerId) {
+        perror("Failed to initialize win32 alarm timer");
+
+        timeEndPeriod(data->period);
+        CloseHandle(data->host_alarm);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    qemu_add_wait_object(data->host_alarm, try_to_rearm_timer, t);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void win32_stop_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t)
+{
+    struct qemu_alarm_win32 *data = t->priv;
+
+    timeKillEvent(data->timerId);
+    timeEndPeriod(data->period);
+
+    CloseHandle(data->host_alarm);
+}
+
+static void win32_rearm_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t)
+{
+    struct qemu_alarm_win32 *data = t->priv;
+    uint64_t nearest_delta_us;
+
+    if (!active_timers[QEMU_TIMER_REALTIME] &&
+                !active_timers[QEMU_TIMER_VIRTUAL])
+        return;
+
+    nearest_delta_us = qemu_next_deadline_dyntick();
+    nearest_delta_us /= 1000;
+
+    timeKillEvent(data->timerId);
+
+    data->timerId = timeSetEvent(1,
+                        data->period,
+                        host_alarm_handler,
+                        (DWORD)t,
+                        TIME_ONESHOT | TIME_PERIODIC);
+
+    if (!data->timerId) {
+        perror("Failed to re-arm win32 alarm timer");
+
+        timeEndPeriod(data->period);
+        CloseHandle(data->host_alarm);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+}
+
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+
+static int init_timer_alarm(void)
+{
+    struct qemu_alarm_timer *t = NULL;
+    int i, err = -1;
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+    int fds[2];
+
+    err = pipe(fds);
+    if (err == -1)
+        return -errno;
+
+    err = fcntl_setfl(fds[0], O_NONBLOCK);
+    if (err < 0)
+        goto fail;
+
+    err = fcntl_setfl(fds[1], O_NONBLOCK);
+    if (err < 0)
+        goto fail;
+
+    alarm_timer_rfd = fds[0];
+    alarm_timer_wfd = fds[1];
+#endif
+
+    for (i = 0; alarm_timers[i].name; i++) {
+        t = &alarm_timers[i];
+
+        err = t->start(t);
+        if (!err)
+            break;
+    }
+
+    if (err) {
+        err = -ENOENT;
+        goto fail;
+    }
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+    qemu_set_fd_handler2(alarm_timer_rfd, NULL,
+                         try_to_rearm_timer, NULL, t);
+#endif
+
+    alarm_timer = t;
+
+    return 0;
+
+fail:
+#ifndef _WIN32
+    close(fds[0]);
+    close(fds[1]);
+#endif
+    return err;
+}
+
+static void quit_timers(void)
+{
+    alarm_timer->stop(alarm_timer);
+    alarm_timer = NULL;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************/
+/* host time/date access */
+void qemu_get_timedate(struct tm *tm, int offset)
+{
+    time_t ti;
+    struct tm *ret;
+
+    time(&ti);
+    ti += offset;
+    if (rtc_date_offset == -1) {
+        if (rtc_utc)
+            ret = gmtime(&ti);
+        else
+            ret = localtime(&ti);
+    } else {
+        ti -= rtc_date_offset;
+        ret = gmtime(&ti);
+    }
+
+    memcpy(tm, ret, sizeof(struct tm));
+}
+
+int qemu_timedate_diff(struct tm *tm)
+{
+    time_t seconds;
+
+    if (rtc_date_offset == -1)
+        if (rtc_utc)
+            seconds = mktimegm(tm);
+        else
+            seconds = mktime(tm);
+    else
+        seconds = mktimegm(tm) + rtc_date_offset;
+
+    return seconds - time(NULL);
+}
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+static void socket_cleanup(void)
+{
+    WSACleanup();
+}
+
+static int socket_init(void)
+{
+    WSADATA Data;
+    int ret, err;
+
+    ret = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &Data);
+    if (ret != 0) {
+        err = WSAGetLastError();
+        fprintf(stderr, "WSAStartup: %d\n", err);
+        return -1;
+    }
+    atexit(socket_cleanup);
+    return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+const char *get_opt_name(char *buf, int buf_size, const char *p)
+{
+    char *q;
+
+    q = buf;
+    while (*p != '\0' && *p != '=') {
+        if (q && (q - buf) < buf_size - 1)
+            *q++ = *p;
+        p++;
+    }
+    if (q)
+        *q = '\0';
+
+    return p;
+}
+
+const char *get_opt_value(char *buf, int buf_size, const char *p)
+{
+    char *q;
+
+    q = buf;
+    while (*p != '\0') {
+        if (*p == ',') {
+            if (*(p + 1) != ',')
+                break;
+            p++;
+        }
+        if (q && (q - buf) < buf_size - 1)
+            *q++ = *p;
+        p++;
+    }
+    if (q)
+        *q = '\0';
+
+    return p;
+}
+
+int get_param_value(char *buf, int buf_size,
+                    const char *tag, const char *str)
+{
+    const char *p;
+    char option[128];
+
+    p = str;
+    for(;;) {
+        p = get_opt_name(option, sizeof(option), p);
+        if (*p != '=')
+            break;
+        p++;
+        if (!strcmp(tag, option)) {
+            (void)get_opt_value(buf, buf_size, p);
+            return strlen(buf);
+        } else {
+            p = get_opt_value(NULL, 0, p);
+        }
+        if (*p != ',')
+            break;
+        p++;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int check_params(char *buf, int buf_size,
+                 const char * const *params, const char *str)
+{
+    const char *p;
+    int i;
+
+    p = str;
+    for(;;) {
+        p = get_opt_name(buf, buf_size, p);
+        if (*p != '=')
+            return -1;
+        p++;
+        for(i = 0; params[i] != NULL; i++)
+            if (!strcmp(params[i], buf))
+                break;
+        if (params[i] == NULL)
+            return -1;
+        p = get_opt_value(NULL, 0, p);
+        if (*p != ',')
+            break;
+        p++;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************/
+/* Bluetooth support */
+static int nb_hcis;
+static int cur_hci;
+static struct HCIInfo *hci_table[MAX_NICS];
+
+static struct bt_vlan_s {
+    struct bt_scatternet_s net;
+    int id;
+    struct bt_vlan_s *next;
+} *first_bt_vlan;
+
+/* find or alloc a new bluetooth "VLAN" */
+static struct bt_scatternet_s *qemu_find_bt_vlan(int id)
+{
+    struct bt_vlan_s **pvlan, *vlan;
+    for (vlan = first_bt_vlan; vlan != NULL; vlan = vlan->next) {
+        if (vlan->id == id)
+            return &vlan->net;
+    }
+    vlan = qemu_mallocz(sizeof(struct bt_vlan_s));
+    vlan->id = id;
+    pvlan = &first_bt_vlan;
+    while (*pvlan != NULL)
+        pvlan = &(*pvlan)->next;
+    *pvlan = vlan;
+    return &vlan->net;
+}
+
+static void null_hci_send(struct HCIInfo *hci, const uint8_t *data, int len)
+{
+}
+
+static int null_hci_addr_set(struct HCIInfo *hci, const uint8_t *bd_addr)
+{
+    return -ENOTSUP;
+}
+
+static struct HCIInfo null_hci = {
+    .cmd_send = null_hci_send,
+    .sco_send = null_hci_send,
+    .acl_send = null_hci_send,
+    .bdaddr_set = null_hci_addr_set,
+};
+
+struct HCIInfo *qemu_next_hci(void)
+{
+    if (cur_hci == nb_hcis)
+        return &null_hci;
+
+    return hci_table[cur_hci++];
+}
+
+static struct HCIInfo *hci_init(const char *str)
+{
+    char *endp;
+    struct bt_scatternet_s *vlan = 0;
+
+    if (!strcmp(str, "null"))
+        /* null */
+        return &null_hci;
+    else if (!strncmp(str, "host", 4) && (str[4] == '\0' || str[4] == ':'))
+        /* host[:hciN] */
+        return bt_host_hci(str[4] ? str + 5 : "hci0");
+    else if (!strncmp(str, "hci", 3)) {
+        /* hci[,vlan=n] */
+        if (str[3]) {
+            if (!strncmp(str + 3, ",vlan=", 6)) {
+                vlan = qemu_find_bt_vlan(strtol(str + 9, &endp, 0));
+                if (*endp)
+                    vlan = 0;
+            }
+        } else
+            vlan = qemu_find_bt_vlan(0);
+        if (vlan)
+           return bt_new_hci(vlan);
+    }
+
+    fprintf(stderr, "qemu: Unknown bluetooth HCI `%s'.\n", str);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int bt_hci_parse(const char *str)
+{
+    struct HCIInfo *hci;
+    bdaddr_t bdaddr;
+
+    if (nb_hcis >= MAX_NICS) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "qemu: Too many bluetooth HCIs (max %i).\n", MAX_NICS);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    hci = hci_init(str);
+    if (!hci)
+        return -1;
+
+    bdaddr.b[0] = 0x52;
+    bdaddr.b[1] = 0x54;
+    bdaddr.b[2] = 0x00;
+    bdaddr.b[3] = 0x12;
+    bdaddr.b[4] = 0x34;
+    bdaddr.b[5] = 0x56 + nb_hcis;
+    hci->bdaddr_set(hci, bdaddr.b);
+
+    hci_table[nb_hcis++] = hci;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void bt_vhci_add(int vlan_id)
+{
+    struct bt_scatternet_s *vlan = qemu_find_bt_vlan(vlan_id);
+
+    if (!vlan->slave)
+        fprintf(stderr, "qemu: warning: adding a VHCI to "
+                        "an empty scatternet %i\n", vlan_id);
+
+    bt_vhci_init(bt_new_hci(vlan));
+}
+
+static struct bt_device_s *bt_device_add(const char *opt)
+{
+    struct bt_scatternet_s *vlan;
+    int vlan_id = 0;
+    char *endp = strstr(opt, ",vlan=");
+    int len = (endp ? endp - opt : strlen(opt)) + 1;
+    char devname[10];
+
+    pstrcpy(devname, MIN(sizeof(devname), len), opt);
+
+    if (endp) {
+        vlan_id = strtol(endp + 6, &endp, 0);
+        if (*endp) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "qemu: unrecognised bluetooth vlan Id\n");
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    vlan = qemu_find_bt_vlan(vlan_id);
+
+    if (!vlan->slave)
+        fprintf(stderr, "qemu: warning: adding a slave device to "
+                        "an empty scatternet %i\n", vlan_id);
+
+    if (!strcmp(devname, "keyboard"))
+        return bt_keyboard_init(vlan);
+
+    fprintf(stderr, "qemu: unsupported bluetooth device `%s'\n", devname);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int bt_parse(const char *opt)
+{
+    const char *endp, *p;
+    int vlan;
+
+    if (strstart(opt, "hci", &endp)) {
+        if (!*endp || *endp == ',') {
+            if (*endp)
+                if (!strstart(endp, ",vlan=", 0))
+                    opt = endp + 1;
+
+            return bt_hci_parse(opt);
+       }
+    } else if (strstart(opt, "vhci", &endp)) {
+        if (!*endp || *endp == ',') {
+            if (*endp) {
+                if (strstart(endp, ",vlan=", &p)) {
+                    vlan = strtol(p, (char **) &endp, 0);
+                    if (*endp) {
+                        fprintf(stderr, "qemu: bad scatternet '%s'\n", p);
+                        return 1;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    fprintf(stderr, "qemu: bad parameter '%s'\n", endp + 1);
+                    return 1;
+                }
+            } else
+                vlan = 0;
+
+            bt_vhci_add(vlan);
+            return 0;
+        }
+    } else if (strstart(opt, "device:", &endp))
+        return !bt_device_add(endp);
+
+    fprintf(stderr, "qemu: bad bluetooth parameter '%s'\n", opt);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************/
+/* QEMU Block devices */
+
+#define HD_ALIAS "index=%d,media=disk"
+#ifdef TARGET_PPC
+#define CDROM_ALIAS "index=1,media=cdrom"
+#else
+#define CDROM_ALIAS "index=2,media=cdrom"
+#endif
+#define FD_ALIAS "index=%d,if=floppy"
+#define PFLASH_ALIAS "if=pflash"
+#define MTD_ALIAS "if=mtd"
+#define SD_ALIAS "index=0,if=sd"
+
+static int drive_add(const char *file, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+    va_list ap;
+
+    if (nb_drives_opt >= MAX_DRIVES) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "qemu: too many drives\n");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    drives_opt[nb_drives_opt].file = file;
+    va_start(ap, fmt);
+    vsnprintf(drives_opt[nb_drives_opt].opt,
+              sizeof(drives_opt[0].opt), fmt, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+
+    return nb_drives_opt++;
+}
+
+int drive_get_index(BlockInterfaceType type, int bus, int unit)
+{
+    int index;
+
+    /* seek interface, bus and unit */
+
+    for (index = 0; index < nb_drives; index++)
+        if (drives_table[index].type == type &&
+	    drives_table[index].bus == bus &&
+	    drives_table[index].unit == unit)
+        return index;
+
+    return -1;
+}
+
+int drive_get_max_bus(BlockInterfaceType type)
+{
+    int max_bus;
+    int index;
+
+    max_bus = -1;
+    for (index = 0; index < nb_drives; index++) {
+        if(drives_table[index].type == type &&
+           drives_table[index].bus > max_bus)
+            max_bus = drives_table[index].bus;
+    }
+    return max_bus;
+}
+
+static void bdrv_format_print(void *opaque, const char *name)
+{
+    fprintf(stderr, " %s", name);
+}
+
+static int drive_init(struct drive_opt *arg, int snapshot,
+                      QEMUMachine *machine)
+{
+    char buf[128];
+    char file[1024];
+    char devname[128];
+    const char *mediastr = "";
+    BlockInterfaceType type;
+    enum { MEDIA_DISK, MEDIA_CDROM } media;
+    int bus_id, unit_id;
+    int cyls, heads, secs, translation;
+    BlockDriverState *bdrv;
+    BlockDriver *drv = NULL;
+    int max_devs;
+    int index;
+    int cache;
+    int bdrv_flags;
+    char *str = arg->opt;
+    static const char * const params[] = { "bus", "unit", "if", "index",
+                                           "cyls", "heads", "secs", "trans",
+                                           "media", "snapshot", "file",
+                                           "cache", "format", NULL };
+
+    if (check_params(buf, sizeof(buf), params, str) < 0) {
+         fprintf(stderr, "qemu: unknown parameter '%s' in '%s'\n",
+                         buf, str);
+         return -1;
+    }
+
+    file[0] = 0;
+    cyls = heads = secs = 0;
+    bus_id = 0;
+    unit_id = -1;
+    translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_AUTO;
+    index = -1;
+    cache = 3;
+
+    if (machine->use_scsi) {
+        type = IF_SCSI;
+        max_devs = MAX_SCSI_DEVS;
+        pstrcpy(devname, sizeof(devname), "scsi");
+    } else {
+        type = IF_IDE;
+        max_devs = MAX_IDE_DEVS;
+        pstrcpy(devname, sizeof(devname), "ide");
+    }
+    media = MEDIA_DISK;
+
+    /* extract parameters */
+
+    if (get_param_value(buf, sizeof(buf), "bus", str)) {
+        bus_id = strtol(buf, NULL, 0);
+	if (bus_id < 0) {
+	    fprintf(stderr, "qemu: '%s' invalid bus id\n", str);
+	    return -1;
+	}
+    }
+
+    if (get_param_value(buf, sizeof(buf), "unit", str)) {
+        unit_id = strtol(buf, NULL, 0);
+	if (unit_id < 0) {
+	    fprintf(stderr, "qemu: '%s' invalid unit id\n", str);
+	    return -1;
+	}
+    }
+
+    if (get_param_value(buf, sizeof(buf), "if", str)) {
+        pstrcpy(devname, sizeof(devname), buf);
+        if (!strcmp(buf, "ide")) {
+	    type = IF_IDE;
+            max_devs = MAX_IDE_DEVS;
+        } else if (!strcmp(buf, "scsi")) {
+	    type = IF_SCSI;
+            max_devs = MAX_SCSI_DEVS;
+        } else if (!strcmp(buf, "floppy")) {
+	    type = IF_FLOPPY;
+            max_devs = 0;
+        } else if (!strcmp(buf, "pflash")) {
+	    type = IF_PFLASH;
+            max_devs = 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(buf, "mtd")) {
+	    type = IF_MTD;
+            max_devs = 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(buf, "sd")) {
+	    type = IF_SD;
+            max_devs = 0;
+        } else if (!strcmp(buf, "virtio")) {
+            type = IF_VIRTIO;
+            max_devs = 0;
+        } else {
+            fprintf(stderr, "qemu: '%s' unsupported bus type '%s'\n", str, buf);
+            return -1;
+	}
+    }
+
+    if (get_param_value(buf, sizeof(buf), "index", str)) {
+        index = strtol(buf, NULL, 0);
+	if (index < 0) {
+	    fprintf(stderr, "qemu: '%s' invalid index\n", str);
+	    return -1;
+	}
+    }
+
+    if (get_param_value(buf, sizeof(buf), "cyls", str)) {
+        cyls = strtol(buf, NULL, 0);
+    }
+
+    if (get_param_value(buf, sizeof(buf), "heads", str)) {
+        heads = strtol(buf, NULL, 0);
+    }
+
+    if (get_param_value(buf, sizeof(buf), "secs", str)) {
+        secs = strtol(buf, NULL, 0);
+    }
+
+    if (cyls || heads || secs) {
+        if (cyls < 1 || cyls > 16383) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "qemu: '%s' invalid physical cyls number\n", str);
+	    return -1;
+	}
+        if (heads < 1 || heads > 16) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "qemu: '%s' invalid physical heads number\n", str);
+	    return -1;
+	}
+        if (secs < 1 || secs > 63) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "qemu: '%s' invalid physical secs number\n", str);
+	    return -1;
+	}
+    }
+
+    if (get_param_value(buf, sizeof(buf), "trans", str)) {
+        if (!cyls) {
+            fprintf(stderr,
+                    "qemu: '%s' trans must be used with cyls,heads and secs\n",
+                    str);
+            return -1;
+        }
+        if (!strcmp(buf, "none"))
+            translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_NONE;
+        else if (!strcmp(buf, "lba"))
+            translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_LBA;
+        else if (!strcmp(buf, "auto"))
+            translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_AUTO;
+	else {
+            fprintf(stderr, "qemu: '%s' invalid translation type\n", str);
+	    return -1;
+	}
+    }
+
+    if (get_param_value(buf, sizeof(buf), "media", str)) {
+        if (!strcmp(buf, "disk")) {
+	    media = MEDIA_DISK;
+	} else if (!strcmp(buf, "cdrom")) {
+            if (cyls || secs || heads) {
+                fprintf(stderr,
+                        "qemu: '%s' invalid physical CHS format\n", str);
+	        return -1;
+            }
+	    media = MEDIA_CDROM;
+	} else {
+	    fprintf(stderr, "qemu: '%s' invalid media\n", str);
+	    return -1;
+	}
+    }
+
+    if (get_param_value(buf, sizeof(buf), "snapshot", str)) {
+        if (!strcmp(buf, "on"))
+	    snapshot = 1;
+        else if (!strcmp(buf, "off"))
+	    snapshot = 0;
+	else {
+	    fprintf(stderr, "qemu: '%s' invalid snapshot option\n", str);
+	    return -1;
+	}
+    }
+
+    if (get_param_value(buf, sizeof(buf), "cache", str)) {
+        if (!strcmp(buf, "off") || !strcmp(buf, "none"))
+            cache = 0;
+        else if (!strcmp(buf, "writethrough"))
+            cache = 1;
+        else if (!strcmp(buf, "writeback"))
+            cache = 2;
+        else {
+           fprintf(stderr, "qemu: invalid cache option\n");
+           return -1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (get_param_value(buf, sizeof(buf), "format", str)) {
+       if (strcmp(buf, "?") == 0) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "qemu: Supported formats:");
+            bdrv_iterate_format(bdrv_format_print, NULL);
+            fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+	    return -1;
+        }
+        drv = bdrv_find_format(buf);
+        if (!drv) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "qemu: '%s' invalid format\n", buf);
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (arg->file == NULL)
+        get_param_value(file, sizeof(file), "file", str);
+    else
+        pstrcpy(file, sizeof(file), arg->file);
+
+    /* compute bus and unit according index */
+
+    if (index != -1) {
+        if (bus_id != 0 || unit_id != -1) {
+            fprintf(stderr,
+                    "qemu: '%s' index cannot be used with bus and unit\n", str);
+            return -1;
+        }
+        if (max_devs == 0)
+        {
+            unit_id = index;
+            bus_id = 0;
+        } else {
+            unit_id = index % max_devs;
+            bus_id = index / max_devs;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* if user doesn't specify a unit_id,
+     * try to find the first free
+     */
+
+    if (unit_id == -1) {
+       unit_id = 0;
+       while (drive_get_index(type, bus_id, unit_id) != -1) {
+           unit_id++;
+           if (max_devs && unit_id >= max_devs) {
+               unit_id -= max_devs;
+               bus_id++;
+           }
+       }
+    }
+
+    /* check unit id */
+
+    if (max_devs && unit_id >= max_devs) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "qemu: '%s' unit %d too big (max is %d)\n",
+                        str, unit_id, max_devs - 1);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * ignore multiple definitions
+     */
+
+    if (drive_get_index(type, bus_id, unit_id) != -1)
+        return 0;
+
+    /* init */
+
+    if (type == IF_IDE || type == IF_SCSI)
+        mediastr = (media == MEDIA_CDROM) ? "-cd" : "-hd";
+    if (max_devs)
+        snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s%i%s%i",
+                 devname, bus_id, mediastr, unit_id);
+    else
+        snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s%s%i",
+                 devname, mediastr, unit_id);
+    bdrv = bdrv_new(buf);
+    drives_table[nb_drives].bdrv = bdrv;
+    drives_table[nb_drives].type = type;
+    drives_table[nb_drives].bus = bus_id;
+    drives_table[nb_drives].unit = unit_id;
+    nb_drives++;
+
+    switch(type) {
+    case IF_IDE:
+    case IF_SCSI:
+        switch(media) {
+	case MEDIA_DISK:
+            if (cyls != 0) {
+                bdrv_set_geometry_hint(bdrv, cyls, heads, secs);
+                bdrv_set_translation_hint(bdrv, translation);
+            }
+	    break;
+	case MEDIA_CDROM:
+            bdrv_set_type_hint(bdrv, BDRV_TYPE_CDROM);
+	    break;
+	}
+        break;
+    case IF_SD:
+        /* FIXME: This isn't really a floppy, but it's a reasonable
+           approximation.  */
+    case IF_FLOPPY:
+        bdrv_set_type_hint(bdrv, BDRV_TYPE_FLOPPY);
+        break;
+    case IF_PFLASH:
+    case IF_MTD:
+    case IF_VIRTIO:
+        break;
+    }
+    if (!file[0])
+        return 0;
+    bdrv_flags = 0;
+    if (snapshot) {
+        bdrv_flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
+        cache = 2; /* always use write-back with snapshot */
+    }
+    if (cache == 0) /* no caching */
+        bdrv_flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE;
+    else if (cache == 2) /* write-back */
+        bdrv_flags |= BDRV_O_CACHE_WB;
+    else if (cache == 3) /* not specified */
+        bdrv_flags |= BDRV_O_CACHE_DEF;
+    if (bdrv_open2(bdrv, file, bdrv_flags, drv) < 0 || qemu_key_check(bdrv, file)) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not open disk image %s\n",
+                        file);
+        return -1;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************/
+/* USB devices */
+
+static USBPort *used_usb_ports;
+static USBPort *free_usb_ports;
+
+/* ??? Maybe change this to register a hub to keep track of the topology.  */
+void qemu_register_usb_port(USBPort *port, void *opaque, int index,
+                            usb_attachfn attach)
+{
+    port->opaque = opaque;
+    port->index = index;
+    port->attach = attach;
+    port->next = free_usb_ports;
+    free_usb_ports = port;
+}
+
+int usb_device_add_dev(USBDevice *dev)
+{
+    USBPort *port;
+
+    /* Find a USB port to add the device to.  */
+    port = free_usb_ports;
+    if (!port->next) {
+        USBDevice *hub;
+
+        /* Create a new hub and chain it on.  */
+        free_usb_ports = NULL;
+        port->next = used_usb_ports;
+        used_usb_ports = port;
+
+        hub = usb_hub_init(VM_USB_HUB_SIZE);
+        usb_attach(port, hub);
+        port = free_usb_ports;
+    }
+
+    free_usb_ports = port->next;
+    port->next = used_usb_ports;
+    used_usb_ports = port;
+    usb_attach(port, dev);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int usb_device_add(const char *devname)
+{
+    const char *p;
+    USBDevice *dev;
+
+    if (!free_usb_ports)
+        return -1;
+
+    if (strstart(devname, "host:", &p)) {
+        dev = usb_host_device_open(p);
+    } else if (!strcmp(devname, "mouse")) {
+        dev = usb_mouse_init();
+    } else if (!strcmp(devname, "tablet")) {
+        dev = usb_tablet_init();
+    } else if (!strcmp(devname, "keyboard")) {
+        dev = usb_keyboard_init();
+    } else if (strstart(devname, "disk:", &p)) {
+        dev = usb_msd_init(p);
+    } else if (!strcmp(devname, "wacom-tablet")) {
+        dev = usb_wacom_init();
+    } else if (strstart(devname, "serial:", &p)) {
+        dev = usb_serial_init(p);
+#ifdef CONFIG_BRLAPI
+    } else if (!strcmp(devname, "braille")) {
+        dev = usb_baum_init();
+#endif
+    } else if (strstart(devname, "net:", &p)) {
+        int nic = nb_nics;
+
+        if (net_client_init("nic", p) < 0)
+            return -1;
+        nd_table[nic].model = "usb";
+        dev = usb_net_init(&nd_table[nic]);
+    } else if (!strcmp(devname, "bt") || strstart(devname, "bt:", &p)) {
+        dev = usb_bt_init(devname[2] ? hci_init(p) :
+                        bt_new_hci(qemu_find_bt_vlan(0)));
+    } else {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    if (!dev)
+        return -1;
+
+    return usb_device_add_dev(dev);
+}
+
+int usb_device_del_addr(int bus_num, int addr)
+{
+    USBPort *port;
+    USBPort **lastp;
+    USBDevice *dev;
+
+    if (!used_usb_ports)
+        return -1;
+
+    if (bus_num != 0)
+        return -1;
+
+    lastp = &used_usb_ports;
+    port = used_usb_ports;
+    while (port && port->dev->addr != addr) {
+        lastp = &port->next;
+        port = port->next;
+    }
+
+    if (!port)
+        return -1;
+
+    dev = port->dev;
+    *lastp = port->next;
+    usb_attach(port, NULL);
+    dev->handle_destroy(dev);
+    port->next = free_usb_ports;
+    free_usb_ports = port;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int usb_device_del(const char *devname)
+{
+    int bus_num, addr;
+    const char *p;
+
+    if (strstart(devname, "host:", &p))
+        return usb_host_device_close(p);
+
+    if (!used_usb_ports)
+        return -1;
+
+    p = strchr(devname, '.');
+    if (!p)
+        return -1;
+    bus_num = strtoul(devname, NULL, 0);
+    addr = strtoul(p + 1, NULL, 0);
+
+    return usb_device_del_addr(bus_num, addr);
+}
+
+void do_usb_add(const char *devname)
+{
+    usb_device_add(devname);
+}
+
+void do_usb_del(const char *devname)
+{
+    usb_device_del(devname);
+}
+
+void usb_info(void)
+{
+    USBDevice *dev;
+    USBPort *port;
+    const char *speed_str;
+
+    if (!usb_enabled) {
+        term_printf("USB support not enabled\n");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    for (port = used_usb_ports; port; port = port->next) {
+        dev = port->dev;
+        if (!dev)
+            continue;
+        switch(dev->speed) {
+        case USB_SPEED_LOW:
+            speed_str = "1.5";
+            break;
+        case USB_SPEED_FULL:
+            speed_str = "12";
+            break;
+        case USB_SPEED_HIGH:
+            speed_str = "480";
+            break;
+        default:
+            speed_str = "?";
+            break;
+        }
+        term_printf("  Device %d.%d, Speed %s Mb/s, Product %s\n",
+                    0, dev->addr, speed_str, dev->devname);
+    }
+}
+
+/***********************************************************/
+/* PCMCIA/Cardbus */
+
+static struct pcmcia_socket_entry_s {
+    struct pcmcia_socket_s *socket;
+    struct pcmcia_socket_entry_s *next;
+} *pcmcia_sockets = 0;
+
+void pcmcia_socket_register(struct pcmcia_socket_s *socket)
+{
+    struct pcmcia_socket_entry_s *entry;
+
+    entry = qemu_malloc(sizeof(struct pcmcia_socket_entry_s));
+    entry->socket = socket;
+    entry->next = pcmcia_sockets;
+    pcmcia_sockets = entry;
+}
+
+void pcmcia_socket_unregister(struct pcmcia_socket_s *socket)
+{
+    struct pcmcia_socket_entry_s *entry, **ptr;
+
+    ptr = &pcmcia_sockets;
+    for (entry = *ptr; entry; ptr = &entry->next, entry = *ptr)
+        if (entry->socket == socket) {
+            *ptr = entry->next;
+            qemu_free(entry);
+        }
+}
+
+void pcmcia_info(void)
+{
+    struct pcmcia_socket_entry_s *iter;
+    if (!pcmcia_sockets)
+        term_printf("No PCMCIA sockets\n");
+
+    for (iter = pcmcia_sockets; iter; iter = iter->next)
+        term_printf("%s: %s\n", iter->socket->slot_string,
+                    iter->socket->attached ? iter->socket->card_string :
+                    "Empty");
+}
+
+/***********************************************************/
+/* dumb display */
+
+static void dumb_update(DisplayState *ds, int x, int y, int w, int h)
+{
+}
+
+static void dumb_resize(DisplayState *ds, int w, int h)
+{
+}
+
+static void dumb_display_init(DisplayState *ds)
+{
+    ds->data = NULL;
+    ds->linesize = 0;
+    ds->depth = 0;
+    ds->dpy_update = dumb_update;
+#if 0
+    DFG: TODO 
+    ds->dpy_resize = dumb_resize;
+    ds->dpy_refresh = NULL;
+    ds->gui_timer_interval = 0; /* DFG DANGER: the default is 500 */
+    ds->idle = 1;
+#endif
+}
+
+/***********************************************************/
+/* I/O handling */
+
+#define MAX_IO_HANDLERS 64
+
+typedef struct IOHandlerRecord {
+    int fd;
+    IOCanRWHandler *fd_read_poll;
+    IOHandler *fd_read;
+    IOHandler *fd_write;
+    int deleted;
+    void *opaque;
+    /* temporary data */
+    struct pollfd *ufd;
+    struct IOHandlerRecord *next;
+} IOHandlerRecord;
+
+static IOHandlerRecord *first_io_handler;
+
+/* XXX: fd_read_poll should be suppressed, but an API change is
+   necessary in the character devices to suppress fd_can_read(). */
+int qemu_set_fd_handler2(int fd,
+                         IOCanRWHandler *fd_read_poll,
+                         IOHandler *fd_read,
+                         IOHandler *fd_write,
+                         void *opaque)
+{
+    IOHandlerRecord **pioh, *ioh;
+
+    if (!fd_read && !fd_write) {
+        pioh = &first_io_handler;
+        for(;;) {
+            ioh = *pioh;
+            if (ioh == NULL)
+                break;
+            if (ioh->fd == fd) {
+                ioh->deleted = 1;
+                break;
+            }
+            pioh = &ioh->next;
+        }
+    } else {
+        for(ioh = first_io_handler; ioh != NULL; ioh = ioh->next) {
+            if (ioh->fd == fd)
+                goto found;
+        }
+        ioh = qemu_mallocz(sizeof(IOHandlerRecord));
+        if (!ioh)
+            return -1;
+        ioh->next = first_io_handler;
+        first_io_handler = ioh;
+    found:
+        ioh->fd = fd;
+        ioh->fd_read_poll = fd_read_poll;
+        ioh->fd_read = fd_read;
+        ioh->fd_write = fd_write;
+        ioh->opaque = opaque;
+        ioh->deleted = 0;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int qemu_set_fd_handler(int fd,
+                        IOHandler *fd_read,
+                        IOHandler *fd_write,
+                        void *opaque)
+{
+    return qemu_set_fd_handler2(fd, NULL, fd_read, fd_write, opaque);
+}
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+/***********************************************************/
+/* Polling handling */
+
+typedef struct PollingEntry {
+    PollingFunc *func;
+    void *opaque;
+    struct PollingEntry *next;
+} PollingEntry;
+
+static PollingEntry *first_polling_entry;
+
+int qemu_add_polling_cb(PollingFunc *func, void *opaque)
+{
+    PollingEntry **ppe, *pe;
+    pe = qemu_mallocz(sizeof(PollingEntry));
+    if (!pe)
+        return -1;
+    pe->func = func;
+    pe->opaque = opaque;
+    for(ppe = &first_polling_entry; *ppe != NULL; ppe = &(*ppe)->next);
+    *ppe = pe;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void qemu_del_polling_cb(PollingFunc *func, void *opaque)
+{
+    PollingEntry **ppe, *pe;
+    for(ppe = &first_polling_entry; *ppe != NULL; ppe = &(*ppe)->next) {
+        pe = *ppe;
+        if (pe->func == func && pe->opaque == opaque) {
+            *ppe = pe->next;
+            qemu_free(pe);
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/***********************************************************/
+/* Wait objects support */
+typedef struct WaitObjects {
+    int num;
+    HANDLE events[MAXIMUM_WAIT_OBJECTS + 1];
+    WaitObjectFunc *func[MAXIMUM_WAIT_OBJECTS + 1];
+    void *opaque[MAXIMUM_WAIT_OBJECTS + 1];
+} WaitObjects;
+
+static WaitObjects wait_objects = {0};
+
+int qemu_add_wait_object(HANDLE handle, WaitObjectFunc *func, void *opaque)
+{
+    WaitObjects *w = &wait_objects;
+
+    if (w->num >= MAXIMUM_WAIT_OBJECTS)
+        return -1;
+    w->events[w->num] = handle;
+    w->func[w->num] = func;
+    w->opaque[w->num] = opaque;
+    w->num++;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void qemu_del_wait_object(HANDLE handle, WaitObjectFunc *func, void *opaque)
+{
+    int i, found;
+    WaitObjects *w = &wait_objects;
+
+    found = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i < w->num; i++) {
+        if (w->events[i] == handle)
+            found = 1;
+        if (found) {
+            w->events[i] = w->events[i + 1];
+            w->func[i] = w->func[i + 1];
+            w->opaque[i] = w->opaque[i + 1];
+        }
+    }
+    if (found)
+        w->num--;
+}
+#endif
+
+/***********************************************************/
+/* ram save/restore */
+
+static int ram_get_page(QEMUFile *f, uint8_t *buf, int len)
+{
+    int v;
+
+    v = qemu_get_byte(f);
+    switch(v) {
+    case 0:
+        if (qemu_get_buffer(f, buf, len) != len)
+            return -EIO;
+        break;
+    case 1:
+        v = qemu_get_byte(f);
+        memset(buf, v, len);
+        break;
+    default:
+        return -EINVAL;
+    }
+
+    if (qemu_file_has_error(f))
+        return -EIO;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int ram_load_v1(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque)
+{
+    int ret;
+    ram_addr_t i;
+
+    if (qemu_get_be32(f) != phys_ram_size)
+        return -EINVAL;
+    for(i = 0; i < phys_ram_size; i+= TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) {
+        ret = ram_get_page(f, host_ram_addr(i), TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
+        if (ret)
+            return ret;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+#define BDRV_HASH_BLOCK_SIZE 1024
+#define IOBUF_SIZE 4096
+#define RAM_CBLOCK_MAGIC 0xfabe
+
+typedef struct RamDecompressState {
+    z_stream zstream;
+    QEMUFile *f;
+    uint8_t buf[IOBUF_SIZE];
+} RamDecompressState;
+
+static int ram_decompress_open(RamDecompressState *s, QEMUFile *f)
+{
+    int ret;
+    memset(s, 0, sizeof(*s));
+    s->f = f;
+    ret = inflateInit(&s->zstream);
+    if (ret != Z_OK)
+        return -1;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int ram_decompress_buf(RamDecompressState *s, uint8_t *buf, int len)
+{
+    int ret, clen;
+
+    s->zstream.avail_out = len;
+    s->zstream.next_out = buf;
+    while (s->zstream.avail_out > 0) {
+        if (s->zstream.avail_in == 0) {
+            if (qemu_get_be16(s->f) != RAM_CBLOCK_MAGIC)
+                return -1;
+            clen = qemu_get_be16(s->f);
+            if (clen > IOBUF_SIZE)
+                return -1;
+            qemu_get_buffer(s->f, s->buf, clen);
+            s->zstream.avail_in = clen;
+            s->zstream.next_in = s->buf;
+        }
+        ret = inflate(&s->zstream, Z_PARTIAL_FLUSH);
+        if (ret != Z_OK && ret != Z_STREAM_END) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void ram_decompress_close(RamDecompressState *s)
+{
+    inflateEnd(&s->zstream);
+}
+
+#define RAM_SAVE_FLAG_FULL	0x01
+#define RAM_SAVE_FLAG_COMPRESS	0x02
+#define RAM_SAVE_FLAG_MEM_SIZE	0x04
+#define RAM_SAVE_FLAG_PAGE	0x08
+#define RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS	0x10
+
+static int is_dup_page(uint8_t *page, uint8_t ch)
+{
+    uint32_t val = ch << 24 | ch << 16 | ch << 8 | ch;
+    uint32_t *array = (uint32_t *)page;
+    int i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < (TARGET_PAGE_SIZE / 4); i++) {
+        if (array[i] != val)
+            return 0;
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static int ram_save_block(QEMUFile *f)
+{
+    static ram_addr_t current_addr = 0;
+    ram_addr_t saved_addr = current_addr;
+    ram_addr_t addr = 0;
+    int found = 0;
+
+    while (addr < phys_ram_size) {
+        if (cpu_physical_memory_get_dirty(current_addr, MIGRATION_DIRTY_FLAG)) {
+            uint8_t ch;
+
+            cpu_physical_memory_reset_dirty(current_addr,
+                                            current_addr + TARGET_PAGE_SIZE,
+                                            MIGRATION_DIRTY_FLAG);
+
+            ch = *host_ram_addr(current_addr);
+
+            if (is_dup_page(host_ram_addr(current_addr), ch)) {
+                qemu_put_be64(f, current_addr | RAM_SAVE_FLAG_COMPRESS);
+                qemu_put_byte(f, ch);
+            } else {
+                qemu_put_be64(f, current_addr | RAM_SAVE_FLAG_PAGE);
+                qemu_put_buffer(f, host_ram_addr(current_addr), TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
+            }
+
+            found = 1;
+            break;
+        }
+        addr += TARGET_PAGE_SIZE;
+        current_addr = (saved_addr + addr) % phys_ram_size;
+    }
+
+    return found;
+}
+
+static ram_addr_t ram_save_threshold = 10;
+
+static ram_addr_t ram_save_remaining(void)
+{
+    ram_addr_t addr;
+    ram_addr_t count = 0;
+
+    for (addr = 0; addr < phys_ram_size; addr += TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) {
+        if (cpu_physical_memory_get_dirty(addr, MIGRATION_DIRTY_FLAG))
+            count++;
+    }
+
+    return count;
+}
+
+static int ram_save_live(QEMUFile *f, int stage, void *opaque)
+{
+    ram_addr_t addr;
+
+    if (stage == 1) {
+        /* Make sure all dirty bits are set */
+        for (addr = 0; addr < phys_ram_size; addr += TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) {
+            if (!cpu_physical_memory_get_dirty(addr, MIGRATION_DIRTY_FLAG))
+                cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty(addr);
+        }
+        
+        /* Enable dirty memory tracking */
+        cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_tracking(1);
+
+        qemu_put_be64(f, phys_ram_size | RAM_SAVE_FLAG_MEM_SIZE);
+    }
+
+    while (!qemu_file_rate_limit(f)) {
+        int ret;
+
+        ret = ram_save_block(f);
+        if (ret == 0) /* no more blocks */
+            break;
+    }
+
+    /* try transferring iterative blocks of memory */
+
+    if (stage == 3) {
+        cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_tracking(0);
+
+        /* flush all remaining blocks regardless of rate limiting */
+        while (ram_save_block(f) != 0);
+    }
+
+    qemu_put_be64(f, RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS);
+
+    return (stage == 2) && (ram_save_remaining() < ram_save_threshold);
+}
+
+static int ram_load_dead(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque)
+{
+    RamDecompressState s1, *s = &s1;
+    uint8_t buf[10];
+    ram_addr_t i;
+
+    if (ram_decompress_open(s, f) < 0)
+        return -EINVAL;
+    for(i = 0; i < phys_ram_size; i+= BDRV_HASH_BLOCK_SIZE) {
+        if (ram_decompress_buf(s, buf, 1) < 0) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ram block header\n");
+            goto error;
+        }
+        if (buf[0] == 0) {
+            if (ram_decompress_buf(s, host_ram_addr(i), BDRV_HASH_BLOCK_SIZE) < 0) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ram block address=0x%08" PRIx64, (uint64_t)i);
+                goto error;
+            }
+        } else {
+        error:
+            printf("Error block header\n");
+            return -EINVAL;
+        }
+    }
+    ram_decompress_close(s);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int ram_load(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque, int version_id)
+{
+    ram_addr_t addr;
+    int flags;
+
+    if (version_id == 1)
+        return ram_load_v1(f, opaque);
+
+    if (version_id == 2) {
+        if (qemu_get_be32(f) != phys_ram_size)
+            return -EINVAL;
+        return ram_load_dead(f, opaque);
+    }
+
+    if (version_id != 3)
+        return -EINVAL;
+
+    do {
+        addr = qemu_get_be64(f);
+
+        flags = addr & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK;
+        addr &= TARGET_PAGE_MASK;
+
+        if (flags & RAM_SAVE_FLAG_MEM_SIZE) {
+            if (addr != phys_ram_size)
+                return -EINVAL;
+        }
+
+        if (flags & RAM_SAVE_FLAG_FULL) {
+            if (ram_load_dead(f, opaque) < 0)
+                return -EINVAL;
+        }
+        
+        if (flags & RAM_SAVE_FLAG_COMPRESS) {
+            uint8_t ch = qemu_get_byte(f);
+            memset(host_ram_addr(addr), ch, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
+        } else if (flags & RAM_SAVE_FLAG_PAGE)
+            qemu_get_buffer(f, host_ram_addr(addr), TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
+    } while (!(flags & RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS));
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void qemu_service_io(void)
+{
+    CPUState *env = cpu_single_env;
+    if (env) {
+        cpu_interrupt(env, CPU_INTERRUPT_EXIT);
+#ifdef USE_KQEMU
+        if (env->kqemu_enabled) {
+            kqemu_cpu_interrupt(env);
+        }
+#endif
+    }
+}
+
+/***********************************************************/
+/* bottom halves (can be seen as timers which expire ASAP) */
+
+struct QEMUBH {
+    QEMUBHFunc *cb;
+    void *opaque;
+    int scheduled;
+    int idle;
+    int deleted;
+    QEMUBH *next;
+};
+
+static QEMUBH *first_bh = NULL;
+
+QEMUBH *qemu_bh_new(QEMUBHFunc *cb, void *opaque)
+{
+    QEMUBH *bh;
+    bh = qemu_mallocz(sizeof(QEMUBH));
+    if (!bh)
+        return NULL;
+    bh->cb = cb;
+    bh->opaque = opaque;
+    bh->next = first_bh;
+    first_bh = bh;
+    return bh;
+}
+
+int qemu_bh_poll(void)
+{
+    QEMUBH *bh, **bhp;
+    int ret;
+
+    ret = 0;
+    for (bh = first_bh; bh; bh = bh->next) {
+        if (!bh->deleted && bh->scheduled) {
+            bh->scheduled = 0;
+            if (!bh->idle)
+                ret = 1;
+            bh->idle = 0;
+            bh->cb(bh->opaque);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* remove deleted bhs */
+    bhp = &first_bh;
+    while (*bhp) {
+        bh = *bhp;
+        if (bh->deleted) {
+            *bhp = bh->next;
+            qemu_free(bh);
+        } else
+            bhp = &bh->next;
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+void qemu_bh_schedule_idle(QEMUBH *bh)
+{
+    if (bh->scheduled)
+        return;
+    bh->scheduled = 1;
+    bh->idle = 1;
+}
+
+void qemu_bh_schedule(QEMUBH *bh)
+{
+    CPUState *env = cpu_single_env;
+    if (bh->scheduled)
+        return;
+    bh->scheduled = 1;
+    bh->idle = 0;
+    /* stop the currently executing CPU to execute the BH ASAP */
+    if (env) {
+        cpu_interrupt(env, CPU_INTERRUPT_EXIT);
+    }
+}
+
+void qemu_bh_cancel(QEMUBH *bh)
+{
+    bh->scheduled = 0;
+}
+
+void qemu_bh_delete(QEMUBH *bh)
+{
+    bh->scheduled = 0;
+    bh->deleted = 1;
+}
+
+static void qemu_bh_update_timeout(int *timeout)
+{
+    QEMUBH *bh;
+
+    for (bh = first_bh; bh; bh = bh->next) {
+        if (!bh->deleted && bh->scheduled) {
+            if (bh->idle) {
+                /* idle bottom halves will be polled at least
+                 * every 10ms */
+                *timeout = MIN(10, *timeout);
+            } else {
+                /* non-idle bottom halves will be executed
+                 * immediately */
+                *timeout = 0;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/***********************************************************/
+/* machine registration */
+
+static QEMUMachine *first_machine = NULL;
+
+int qemu_register_machine(QEMUMachine *m)
+{
+    QEMUMachine **pm;
+    pm = &first_machine;
+    while (*pm != NULL)
+        pm = &(*pm)->next;
+    m->next = NULL;
+    *pm = m;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static QEMUMachine *find_machine(const char *name)
+{
+    QEMUMachine *m;
+
+    for(m = first_machine; m != NULL; m = m->next) {
+        if (!strcmp(m->name, name))
+            return m;
+    }
+    if (access(name, R_OK) == 0) {
+        devtree_machine.name = name;
+        return &devtree_machine;
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************/
+/* main execution loop */
+
+static void gui_update(void *opaque)
+{
+    gui_notify_update_tick(qemu_get_clock(rt_clock));
+    /*
+    DisplayState *ds = opaque;
+    ds->dpy_refresh(ds);
+    qemu_mod_timer(ds->gui_timer,
+        (ds->gui_timer_interval ?
+	    ds->gui_timer_interval :
+	    GUI_REFRESH_INTERVAL)
+	+ qemu_get_clock(rt_clock));
+    */
+}
+
+struct vm_change_state_entry {
+    VMChangeStateHandler *cb;
+    void *opaque;
+    LIST_ENTRY (vm_change_state_entry) entries;
+};
+
+static LIST_HEAD(vm_change_state_head, vm_change_state_entry) vm_change_state_head;
+
+VMChangeStateEntry *qemu_add_vm_change_state_handler(VMChangeStateHandler *cb,
+                                                     void *opaque)
+{
+    VMChangeStateEntry *e;
+
+    e = qemu_mallocz(sizeof (*e));
+    if (!e)
+        return NULL;
+
+    e->cb = cb;
+    e->opaque = opaque;
+    LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&vm_change_state_head, e, entries);
+    return e;
+}
+
+void qemu_del_vm_change_state_handler(VMChangeStateEntry *e)
+{
+    LIST_REMOVE (e, entries);
+    qemu_free (e);
+}
+
+static void vm_state_notify(int running)
+{
+    VMChangeStateEntry *e;
+
+    for (e = vm_change_state_head.lh_first; e; e = e->entries.le_next) {
+        e->cb(e->opaque, running);
+    }
+}
+
+/* XXX: support several handlers */
+static VMStopHandler *vm_stop_cb;
+static void *vm_stop_opaque;
+
+int qemu_add_vm_stop_handler(VMStopHandler *cb, void *opaque)
+{
+    vm_stop_cb = cb;
+    vm_stop_opaque = opaque;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void qemu_del_vm_stop_handler(VMStopHandler *cb, void *opaque)
+{
+    vm_stop_cb = NULL;
+}
+
+void vm_start(void)
+{
+    if (!vm_running) {
+        cpu_enable_ticks();
+        vm_running = 1;
+        vm_state_notify(1);
+        qemu_rearm_alarm_timer(alarm_timer);
+    }
+}
+
+void vm_stop(int reason)
+{
+    if (vm_running) {
+        cpu_disable_ticks();
+        vm_running = 0;
+        if (reason != 0) {
+            if (vm_stop_cb) {
+                vm_stop_cb(vm_stop_opaque, reason);
+            }
+        }
+        vm_state_notify(0);
+    }
+}
+
+static char *snapshot_requested;
+static int restore_snapshot;
+
+void qemu_snapshot_request(const char *filename)
+{
+    if (snapshot_requested) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Duplicate snapshot request\n");
+    }
+    restore_snapshot = 0;
+    snapshot_requested = qemu_strdup(filename);
+    if (cpu_single_env)
+        cpu_interrupt(cpu_single_env, CPU_INTERRUPT_EXIT);
+}
+
+void qemu_snapshot_request_restore(const char *filename)
+{
+    if (snapshot_requested) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Duplicate snapshot request\n");
+    }
+    restore_snapshot = 1;
+    snapshot_requested = qemu_strdup(filename);
+    if (cpu_single_env)
+        cpu_interrupt(cpu_single_env, CPU_INTERRUPT_EXIT);
+}
+
+int qemu_snapshot_requested(void)
+{
+    return snapshot_requested != NULL;
+}
+
+/* reset/shutdown handler */
+
+typedef struct QEMUResetEntry {
+    QEMUResetHandler *func;
+    void *opaque;
+    struct QEMUResetEntry *next;
+} QEMUResetEntry;
+
+static QEMUResetEntry *first_reset_entry;
+static int reset_requested;
+static int shutdown_requested;
+static int powerdown_requested;
+
+int qemu_shutdown_requested(void)
+{
+    int r = shutdown_requested;
+    shutdown_requested = 0;
+    return r;
+}
+
+int qemu_reset_requested(void)
+{
+    int r = reset_requested;
+    reset_requested = 0;
+    return r;
+}
+
+int qemu_powerdown_requested(void)
+{
+    int r = powerdown_requested;
+    powerdown_requested = 0;
+    return r;
+}
+
+void qemu_register_reset(QEMUResetHandler *func, void *opaque)
+{
+    QEMUResetEntry **pre, *re;
+
+    pre = &first_reset_entry;
+    while (*pre != NULL)
+        pre = &(*pre)->next;
+    re = qemu_mallocz(sizeof(QEMUResetEntry));
+    re->func = func;
+    re->opaque = opaque;
+    re->next = NULL;
+    *pre = re;
+}
+
+void qemu_system_reset(void)
+{
+    QEMUResetEntry *re;
+
+    /* reset all devices */
+    for(re = first_reset_entry; re != NULL; re = re->next) {
+        re->func(re->opaque);
+    }
+}
+
+void qemu_system_reset_request(void)
+{
+    if (no_reboot) {
+        shutdown_requested = 1;
+    } else {
+        reset_requested = 1;
+    }
+    if (cpu_single_env)
+        cpu_interrupt(cpu_single_env, CPU_INTERRUPT_EXIT);
+}
+
+void qemu_system_shutdown_request(void)
+{
+    shutdown_requested = 1;
+    if (cpu_single_env)
+        cpu_interrupt(cpu_single_env, CPU_INTERRUPT_EXIT);
+}
+
+void qemu_system_powerdown_request(void)
+{
+    powerdown_requested = 1;
+    if (cpu_single_env)
+        cpu_interrupt(cpu_single_env, CPU_INTERRUPT_EXIT);
+}
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+static void host_main_loop_wait(int *timeout)
+{
+    int ret, ret2, i;
+    PollingEntry *pe;
+
+
+    /* XXX: need to suppress polling by better using win32 events */
+    ret = 0;
+    for(pe = first_polling_entry; pe != NULL; pe = pe->next) {
+        ret |= pe->func(pe->opaque);
+    }
+    if (ret == 0) {
+        int err;
+        WaitObjects *w = &wait_objects;
+
+        ret = WaitForMultipleObjects(w->num, w->events, FALSE, *timeout);
+        if (WAIT_OBJECT_0 + 0 <= ret && ret <= WAIT_OBJECT_0 + w->num - 1) {
+            if (w->func[ret - WAIT_OBJECT_0])
+                w->func[ret - WAIT_OBJECT_0](w->opaque[ret - WAIT_OBJECT_0]);
+
+            /* Check for additional signaled events */
+            for(i = (ret - WAIT_OBJECT_0 + 1); i < w->num; i++) {
+
+                /* Check if event is signaled */
+                ret2 = WaitForSingleObject(w->events[i], 0);
+                if(ret2 == WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
+                    if (w->func[i])
+                        w->func[i](w->opaque[i]);
+                } else if (ret2 == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
+                } else {
+                    err = GetLastError();
+                    fprintf(stderr, "WaitForSingleObject error %d %d\n", i, err);
+                }
+            }
+        } else if (ret == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
+        } else {
+            err = GetLastError();
+            fprintf(stderr, "WaitForMultipleObjects error %d %d\n", ret, err);
+        }
+    }
+
+    *timeout = 0;
+}
+#else
+static void host_main_loop_wait(int *timeout)
+{
+}
+#endif
+
+void main_loop_wait(int timeout)
+{
+    IOHandlerRecord *ioh;
+    fd_set rfds, wfds, xfds;
+    int ret, nfds;
+    struct timeval tv;
+
+    qemu_bh_update_timeout(&timeout);
+
+    host_main_loop_wait(&timeout);
+
+    /* poll any events */
+    /* XXX: separate device handlers from system ones */
+    nfds = -1;
+    FD_ZERO(&rfds);
+    FD_ZERO(&wfds);
+    FD_ZERO(&xfds);
+    for(ioh = first_io_handler; ioh != NULL; ioh = ioh->next) {
+        if (ioh->deleted)
+            continue;
+        if (ioh->fd_read &&
+            (!ioh->fd_read_poll ||
+             ioh->fd_read_poll(ioh->opaque) != 0)) {
+            FD_SET(ioh->fd, &rfds);
+            if (ioh->fd > nfds)
+                nfds = ioh->fd;
+        }
+        if (ioh->fd_write) {
+            FD_SET(ioh->fd, &wfds);
+            if (ioh->fd > nfds)
+                nfds = ioh->fd;
+        }
+    }
+
+    tv.tv_sec = timeout / 1000;
+    tv.tv_usec = (timeout % 1000) * 1000;
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_SLIRP)
+    if (slirp_is_inited()) {
+        slirp_select_fill(&nfds, &rfds, &wfds, &xfds);
+    }
+#endif
+    ret = select(nfds + 1, &rfds, &wfds, &xfds, &tv);
+    if (ret > 0) {
+        IOHandlerRecord **pioh;
+
+        for(ioh = first_io_handler; ioh != NULL; ioh = ioh->next) {
+            if (!ioh->deleted && ioh->fd_read && FD_ISSET(ioh->fd, &rfds)) {
+                ioh->fd_read(ioh->opaque);
+            }
+            if (!ioh->deleted && ioh->fd_write && FD_ISSET(ioh->fd, &wfds)) {
+                ioh->fd_write(ioh->opaque);
+            }
+        }
+
+	/* remove deleted IO handlers */
+	pioh = &first_io_handler;
+	while (*pioh) {
+            ioh = *pioh;
+            if (ioh->deleted) {
+                *pioh = ioh->next;
+                qemu_free(ioh);
+            } else
+                pioh = &ioh->next;
+        }
+    }
+#if defined(CONFIG_SLIRP)
+    if (slirp_is_inited()) {
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            FD_ZERO(&rfds);
+            FD_ZERO(&wfds);
+            FD_ZERO(&xfds);
+        }
+        slirp_select_poll(&rfds, &wfds, &xfds);
+    }
+#endif
+
+    /* vm time timers */
+    if (vm_running && likely(!(cur_cpu->singlestep_enabled & SSTEP_NOTIMER)))
+        qemu_run_timers(&active_timers[QEMU_TIMER_VIRTUAL],
+                        qemu_get_clock(vm_clock));
+
+    /* real time timers */
+    qemu_run_timers(&active_timers[QEMU_TIMER_REALTIME],
+                    qemu_get_clock(rt_clock));
+
+    /* Check bottom-halves last in case any of the earlier events triggered
+       them.  */
+    qemu_bh_poll();
+
+}
+
+static int main_loop(void)
+{
+    int ret, timeout;
+#ifdef CONFIG_PROFILER
+    int64_t ti;
+#endif
+    CPUState *env;
+
+    cur_cpu = first_cpu;
+    next_cpu = cur_cpu->next_cpu ?: first_cpu;
+    for(;;) {
+        if (vm_running) {
+
+            for(;;) {
+                /* get next cpu */
+                env = next_cpu;
+#ifdef CONFIG_PROFILER
+                ti = profile_getclock();
+#endif
+                if (use_icount) {
+                    int64_t count;
+                    int decr;
+                    qemu_icount -= (env->icount_decr.u16.low + env->icount_extra);
+                    env->icount_decr.u16.low = 0;
+                    env->icount_extra = 0;
+                    count = qemu_next_deadline();
+                    count = (count + (1 << icount_time_shift) - 1)
+                            >> icount_time_shift;
+                    qemu_icount += count;
+                    decr = (count > 0xffff) ? 0xffff : count;
+                    count -= decr;
+                    env->icount_decr.u16.low = decr;
+                    env->icount_extra = count;
+                }
+                ret = cpu_exec(env);
+#ifdef CONFIG_PROFILER
+                qemu_time += profile_getclock() - ti;
+#endif
+                if (use_icount) {
+                    /* Fold pending instructions back into the
+                       instruction counter, and clear the interrupt flag.  */
+                    qemu_icount -= (env->icount_decr.u16.low
+                                    + env->icount_extra);
+                    env->icount_decr.u32 = 0;
+                    env->icount_extra = 0;
+                }
+                next_cpu = env->next_cpu ?: first_cpu;
+                if (event_pending && likely(ret != EXCP_DEBUG)) {
+                    ret = EXCP_INTERRUPT;
+                    event_pending = 0;
+                    break;
+                }
+                if (ret == EXCP_HLT) {
+                    /* Give the next CPU a chance to run.  */
+                    cur_cpu = env;
+                    continue;
+                }
+                if (ret != EXCP_HALTED)
+                    break;
+                /* all CPUs are halted ? */
+                if (env == cur_cpu)
+                    break;
+            }
+            cur_cpu = env;
+
+            if (shutdown_requested) {
+                ret = EXCP_INTERRUPT;
+                if (no_shutdown) {
+                    vm_stop(0);
+                    no_shutdown = 0;
+                }
+                else
+                    break;
+            }
+            if (reset_requested) {
+                reset_requested = 0;
+                qemu_system_reset();
+                ret = EXCP_INTERRUPT;
+            }
+            if (powerdown_requested) {
+                powerdown_requested = 0;
+		qemu_system_powerdown();
+                ret = EXCP_INTERRUPT;
+            }
+            if (snapshot_requested) {
+                if (restore_snapshot) {
+                    do_loadvm(snapshot_requested);
+                } else {
+                    do_savevm(snapshot_requested);
+                }
+                qemu_free(snapshot_requested);
+                snapshot_requested = NULL;
+                ret = EXCP_INTERRUPT;
+            }
+            if (unlikely(ret == EXCP_DEBUG)) {
+                gdb_set_stop_cpu(cur_cpu);
+                vm_stop(EXCP_DEBUG);
+            }
+            /* If all cpus are halted then wait until the next IRQ */
+            /* XXX: use timeout computed from timers */
+            if (ret == EXCP_HALTED) {
+                if (use_icount) {
+                    int64_t add;
+                    int64_t delta;
+                    /* Advance virtual time to the next event.  */
+                    if (use_icount == 1) {
+                        /* When not using an adaptive execution frequency
+                           we tend to get badly out of sync with real time,
+                           so just delay for a reasonable amount of time.  */
+                        delta = 0;
+                    } else {
+                        delta = cpu_get_icount() - cpu_get_clock();
+                    }
+                    if (delta > 0) {
+                        /* If virtual time is ahead of real time then just
+                           wait for IO.  */
+                        timeout = (delta / 1000000) + 1;
+                    } else {
+                        /* Wait for either IO to occur or the next
+                           timer event.  */
+                        add = qemu_next_deadline();
+                        /* We advance the timer before checking for IO.
+                           Limit the amount we advance so that early IO
+                           activity won't get the guest too far ahead.  */
+                        if (add > 10000000)
+                            add = 10000000;
+                        delta += add;
+                        add = (add + (1 << icount_time_shift) - 1)
+                              >> icount_time_shift;
+                        qemu_icount += add;
+                        timeout = delta / 1000000;
+                        if (timeout < 0)
+                            timeout = 0;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    timeout = 5000;
+                }
+            } else {
+                timeout = 0;
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (shutdown_requested) {
+                ret = EXCP_INTERRUPT;
+                break;
+            }
+            timeout = 5000;
+        }
+#ifdef CONFIG_PROFILER
+        ti = profile_getclock();
+#endif
+        main_loop_wait(timeout);
+#ifdef CONFIG_PROFILER
+        dev_time += profile_getclock() - ti;
+#endif
+    }
+    cpu_disable_ticks();
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static void version(void)
+{
+    printf("QEMU PC emulator version " QEMU_VERSION QEMU_PKGVERSION ", Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard, 2008 CodeSourcery\n");
+}
+
+static void help(int exitcode)
+{
+    version();
+    printf("usage: %s [options] [disk_image]\n"
+           "\n"
+           "'disk_image' is a raw hard image image for IDE hard disk 0\n"
+           "\n"
+           "Standard options:\n"
+           "-M machine      select emulated machine (-M ? for list)\n"
+           "-cpu cpu        select CPU (-cpu ? for list)\n"
+           "-fda/-fdb file  use 'file' as floppy disk 0/1 image\n"
+           "-hda/-hdb file  use 'file' as IDE hard disk 0/1 image\n"
+           "-hdc/-hdd file  use 'file' as IDE hard disk 2/3 image\n"
+           "-cdrom file     use 'file' as IDE cdrom image (cdrom is ide1 master)\n"
+	   "-drive [file=file][,if=type][,bus=n][,unit=m][,media=d][,index=i]\n"
+           "       [,cyls=c,heads=h,secs=s[,trans=t]][,snapshot=on|off]\n"
+           "       [,cache=writethrough|writeback|none][,format=f]\n"
+	   "                use 'file' as a drive image\n"
+           "-mtdblock file  use 'file' as on-board Flash memory image\n"
+           "-sd file        use 'file' as SecureDigital card image\n"
+           "-pflash file    use 'file' as a parallel flash image\n"
+           "-boot [a|c|d|n] boot on floppy (a), hard disk (c), CD-ROM (d), or network (n)\n"
+           "-snapshot       write to temporary files instead of disk image files\n"
+#ifdef CONFIG_SDL
+           "-no-frame       open SDL window without a frame and window decorations\n"
+           "-alt-grab       use Ctrl-Alt-Shift to grab mouse (instead of Ctrl-Alt)\n"
+           "-no-quit        disable SDL window close capability\n"
+#endif
+#ifdef TARGET_I386
+           "-no-fd-bootchk  disable boot signature checking for floppy disks\n"
+#endif
+           "-m megs         set virtual RAM size to megs MB [default=%d]\n"
+           "-smp n          set the number of CPUs to 'n' [default=1]\n"
+           "-nographic      disable graphical output and redirect serial I/Os to console\n"
+           "-portrait       rotate graphical output 90 deg left (only PXA LCD)\n"
+#ifndef _WIN32
+           "-k language     use keyboard layout (for example \"fr\" for French)\n"
+#endif
+#ifdef HAS_AUDIO
+           "-audio-help     print list of audio drivers and their options\n"
+           "-soundhw c1,... enable audio support\n"
+           "                and only specified sound cards (comma separated list)\n"
+           "                use -soundhw ? to get the list of supported cards\n"
+           "                use -soundhw all to enable all of them\n"
+#endif
+           "-vga [std|cirrus|vmware]\n"
+           "                select video card type\n"
+           "-localtime      set the real time clock to local time [default=utc]\n"
+           "-full-screen    start in full screen\n"
+           "-gui file       use xml 'file' as a GUI specifier\n"
+#ifdef TARGET_I386
+           "-win2k-hack     use it when installing Windows 2000 to avoid a disk full bug\n"
+#endif
+           "-usb            enable the USB driver (will be the default soon)\n"
+           "-usbdevice name add the host or guest USB device 'name'\n"
+#if defined(TARGET_PPC) || defined(TARGET_SPARC)
+           "-g WxH[xDEPTH]  Set the initial graphical resolution and depth\n"
+#endif
+           "-name string    set the name of the guest\n"
+           "-uuid %%08x-%%04x-%%04x-%%04x-%%012x specify machine UUID\n"
+           "\n"
+           "Network options:\n"
+           "-net nic[,vlan=n][,macaddr=addr][,model=type]\n"
+           "                create a new Network Interface Card and connect it to VLAN 'n'\n"
+#ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP
+           "-net user[,vlan=n][,hostname=host]\n"
+           "                connect the user mode network stack to VLAN 'n' and send\n"
+           "                hostname 'host' to DHCP clients\n"
+#endif
+#ifdef _WIN32
+           "-net tap[,vlan=n],ifname=name\n"
+           "                connect the host TAP network interface to VLAN 'n'\n"
+#else
+           "-net tap[,vlan=n][,fd=h][,ifname=name][,script=file][,downscript=dfile]\n"
+           "                connect the host TAP network interface to VLAN 'n' and use the\n"
+           "                network scripts 'file' (default=%s)\n"
+           "                and 'dfile' (default=%s);\n"
+           "                use '[down]script=no' to disable script execution;\n"
+           "                use 'fd=h' to connect to an already opened TAP interface\n"
+#endif
+           "-net socket[,vlan=n][,fd=h][,listen=[host]:port][,connect=host:port]\n"
+           "                connect the vlan 'n' to another VLAN using a socket connection\n"
+           "-net socket[,vlan=n][,fd=h][,mcast=maddr:port]\n"
+           "                connect the vlan 'n' to multicast maddr and port\n"
+#ifdef CONFIG_VDE
+           "-net vde[,vlan=n][,sock=socketpath][,port=n][,group=groupname][,mode=octalmode]\n"
+           "                connect the vlan 'n' to port 'n' of a vde switch running\n"
+           "                on host and listening for incoming connections on 'socketpath'.\n"
+           "                Use group 'groupname' and mode 'octalmode' to change default\n"
+           "                ownership and permissions for communication port.\n"
+#endif
+           "-net none       use it alone to have zero network devices; if no -net option\n"
+           "                is provided, the default is '-net nic -net user'\n"
+           "\n"
+           "-bt hci,null    Dumb bluetooth HCI - doesn't respond to commands\n"
+           "-bt hci,host[:id]\n"
+           "                Use host's HCI with the given name\n"
+           "-bt hci[,vlan=n]\n"
+           "                Emulate a standard HCI in virtual scatternet 'n'\n"
+           "-bt vhci[,vlan=n]\n"
+           "                Add host computer to virtual scatternet 'n' using VHCI\n"
+           "-bt device:dev[,vlan=n]\n"
+           "                Emulate a bluetooth device 'dev' in scatternet 'n'\n"
+           "\n"
+#ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP
+           "-tftp dir       allow tftp access to files in dir [-net user]\n"
+           "-bootp file     advertise file in BOOTP replies\n"
+#ifndef _WIN32
+           "-smb dir        allow SMB access to files in 'dir' [-net user]\n"
+#endif
+           "-redir [tcp|udp]:host-port:[guest-host]:guest-port\n"
+           "                redirect TCP or UDP connections from host to guest [-net user]\n"
+#endif
+           "\n"
+           "Linux boot specific:\n"
+           "-kernel bzImage use 'bzImage' as kernel image\n"
+           "-append cmdline use 'cmdline' as kernel command line\n"
+           "-initrd file    use 'file' as initial ram disk\n"
+           "\n"
+           "Debug/Expert options:\n"
+           "-monitor dev    redirect the monitor to char device 'dev'\n"
+           "-serial dev     redirect the serial port to char device 'dev'\n"
+           "-parallel dev   redirect the parallel port to char device 'dev'\n"
+           "-pidfile file   Write PID to 'file'\n"
+           "-S              freeze CPU at startup (use 'c' to start execution)\n"
+           "-s              wait gdb connection to port\n"
+           "-p port         set gdb connection port [default=%s]\n"
+           "-d item1,...    output log to %s (use -d ? for a list of log items)\n"
+           "-hdachs c,h,s[,t]  force hard disk 0 physical geometry and the optional BIOS\n"
+           "                translation (t=none or lba) (usually qemu can guess them)\n"
+           "-L path         set the directory for the BIOS, VGA BIOS and keymaps\n"
+#ifdef USE_KQEMU
+           "-kernel-kqemu   enable KQEMU full virtualization (default is user mode only)\n"
+           "-no-kqemu       disable KQEMU kernel module usage\n"
+#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_KVM
+           "-enable-kvm     enable KVM full virtualization support\n"
+#endif
+#ifdef TARGET_I386
+           "-no-acpi        disable ACPI\n"
+           "-no-hpet        disable HPET\n"
+#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_CURSES
+           "-curses         use a curses/ncurses interface instead of SDL\n"
+#endif
+           "-no-reboot      exit instead of rebooting\n"
+           "-no-shutdown    stop before shutdown\n"
+           "-loadvm [tag|id]  start right away with a saved state (loadvm in monitor)\n"
+	   "-vnc display    start a VNC server on display\n"
+#ifndef _WIN32
+	   "-daemonize      daemonize QEMU after initializing\n"
+#endif
+	   "-option-rom rom load a file, rom, into the option ROM space\n"
+#ifdef TARGET_SPARC
+           "-prom-env variable=value  set OpenBIOS nvram variables\n"
+#endif
+           "-clock          force the use of the given methods for timer alarm.\n"
+           "                To see what timers are available use -clock ?\n"
+           "-startdate      select initial date of the clock\n"
+           "-icount [N|auto]\n"
+           "                Enable virtual instruction counter with 2^N clock ticks per instruction\n"
+           "\n"
+           "During emulation, the following keys are useful:\n"
+           "ctrl-alt-f      toggle full screen\n"
+           "ctrl-alt-n      switch to virtual console 'n'\n"
+           "ctrl-alt        toggle mouse and keyboard grab\n"
+           "\n"
+           "When using -nographic, press 'ctrl-a h' to get some help.\n"
+#ifdef QEMU_BUGURL
+           "\n"
+           "For bug reporting instructions, please see:\n"
+           QEMU_BUGURL "\n"
+#endif
+           ,
+           "qemu",
+           DEFAULT_RAM_SIZE,
+#ifndef _WIN32
+           DEFAULT_NETWORK_SCRIPT,
+           DEFAULT_NETWORK_DOWN_SCRIPT,
+#endif
+           DEFAULT_GDBSTUB_PORT,
+           "/tmp/qemu.log");
+    exit(exitcode);
+}
+
+#define HAS_ARG 0x0001
+
+enum {
+    QEMU_OPTION_h,
+    QEMU_OPTION_version,
+
+    QEMU_OPTION_M,
+    QEMU_OPTION_cpu,
+    QEMU_OPTION_fda,
+    QEMU_OPTION_fdb,
+    QEMU_OPTION_hda,
+    QEMU_OPTION_hdb,
+    QEMU_OPTION_hdc,
+    QEMU_OPTION_hdd,
+    QEMU_OPTION_drive,
+    QEMU_OPTION_cdrom,
+    QEMU_OPTION_mtdblock,
+    QEMU_OPTION_sd,
+    QEMU_OPTION_pflash,
+    QEMU_OPTION_boot,
+    QEMU_OPTION_snapshot,
+#ifdef TARGET_I386
+    QEMU_OPTION_no_fd_bootchk,
+#endif
+    QEMU_OPTION_m,
+    QEMU_OPTION_nographic,
+    QEMU_OPTION_portrait,
+#ifdef HAS_AUDIO
+    QEMU_OPTION_audio_help,
+    QEMU_OPTION_soundhw,
+#endif
+
+    QEMU_OPTION_net,
+    QEMU_OPTION_tftp,
+    QEMU_OPTION_bootp,
+    QEMU_OPTION_smb,
+    QEMU_OPTION_redir,
+    QEMU_OPTION_bt,
+
+    QEMU_OPTION_kernel,
+    QEMU_OPTION_append,
+    QEMU_OPTION_initrd,
+
+    QEMU_OPTION_S,
+    QEMU_OPTION_s,
+    QEMU_OPTION_p,
+    QEMU_OPTION_d,
+    QEMU_OPTION_hdachs,
+    QEMU_OPTION_L,
+    QEMU_OPTION_bios,
+    QEMU_OPTION_k,
+    QEMU_OPTION_localtime,
+    QEMU_OPTION_g,
+    QEMU_OPTION_vga,
+    QEMU_OPTION_echr,
+    QEMU_OPTION_monitor,
+    QEMU_OPTION_serial,
+    QEMU_OPTION_parallel,
+    QEMU_OPTION_loadvm,
+    QEMU_OPTION_full_screen,
+    QEMU_OPTION_gui,
+    QEMU_OPTION_no_frame,
+    QEMU_OPTION_alt_grab,
+    QEMU_OPTION_no_quit,
+    QEMU_OPTION_pidfile,
+    QEMU_OPTION_no_kqemu,
+    QEMU_OPTION_kernel_kqemu,
+    QEMU_OPTION_enable_kvm,
+    QEMU_OPTION_win2k_hack,
+    QEMU_OPTION_usb,
+    QEMU_OPTION_usbdevice,
+    QEMU_OPTION_smp,
+    QEMU_OPTION_vnc,
+    QEMU_OPTION_no_acpi,
+    QEMU_OPTION_no_hpet,
+    QEMU_OPTION_curses,
+    QEMU_OPTION_no_reboot,
+    QEMU_OPTION_no_shutdown,
+    QEMU_OPTION_show_cursor,
+    QEMU_OPTION_daemonize,
+    QEMU_OPTION_option_rom,
+    QEMU_OPTION_semihosting,
+    QEMU_OPTION_name,
+    QEMU_OPTION_prom_env,
+    QEMU_OPTION_old_param,
+    QEMU_OPTION_clock,
+    QEMU_OPTION_startdate,
+    QEMU_OPTION_tb_size,
+    QEMU_OPTION_icount,
+    QEMU_OPTION_uuid,
+    QEMU_OPTION_incoming,
+};
+
+typedef struct QEMUOption {
+    const char *name;
+    int flags;
+    int index;
+} QEMUOption;
+
+static const QEMUOption qemu_options[] = {
+    { "h", 0, QEMU_OPTION_h },
+    { "help", 0, QEMU_OPTION_h },
+    { "version", 0, QEMU_OPTION_version },
+
+    { "M", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_M },
+    { "cpu", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_cpu },
+    { "fda", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_fda },
+    { "fdb", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_fdb },
+    { "hda", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_hda },
+    { "hdb", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_hdb },
+    { "hdc", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_hdc },
+    { "hdd", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_hdd },
+    { "drive", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_drive },
+    { "cdrom", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_cdrom },
+    { "mtdblock", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_mtdblock },
+    { "sd", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_sd },
+    { "pflash", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_pflash },
+    { "boot", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_boot },
+    { "snapshot", 0, QEMU_OPTION_snapshot },
+#ifdef TARGET_I386
+    { "no-fd-bootchk", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_fd_bootchk },
+#endif
+    { "m", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_m },
+    { "nographic", 0, QEMU_OPTION_nographic },
+    { "portrait", 0, QEMU_OPTION_portrait },
+    { "k", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_k },
+#ifdef HAS_AUDIO
+    { "audio-help", 0, QEMU_OPTION_audio_help },
+    { "soundhw", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_soundhw },
+#endif
+
+    { "net", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_net},
+#ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP
+    { "tftp", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_tftp },
+    { "bootp", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_bootp },
+#ifndef _WIN32
+    { "smb", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_smb },
+#endif
+    { "redir", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_redir },
+#endif
+    { "bt", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_bt },
+
+    { "kernel", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_kernel },
+    { "append", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_append },
+    { "initrd", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_initrd },
+
+    { "S", 0, QEMU_OPTION_S },
+    { "s", 0, QEMU_OPTION_s },
+    { "p", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_p },
+    { "d", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_d },
+    { "hdachs", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_hdachs },
+    { "L", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_L },
+    { "bios", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_bios },
+#ifdef USE_KQEMU
+    { "no-kqemu", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_kqemu },
+    { "kernel-kqemu", 0, QEMU_OPTION_kernel_kqemu },
+#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_KVM
+    { "enable-kvm", 0, QEMU_OPTION_enable_kvm },
+#endif
+#if defined(TARGET_PPC) || defined(TARGET_SPARC)
+    { "g", 1, QEMU_OPTION_g },
+#endif
+    { "localtime", 0, QEMU_OPTION_localtime },
+    { "vga", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_vga },
+    { "echr", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_echr },
+    { "monitor", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_monitor },
+    { "serial", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_serial },
+    { "parallel", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_parallel },
+    { "loadvm", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_loadvm },
+    { "full-screen", 0, QEMU_OPTION_full_screen },
+    { "gui", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_gui },
+#ifdef CONFIG_SDL
+    { "no-frame", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_frame },
+    { "alt-grab", 0, QEMU_OPTION_alt_grab },
+    { "no-quit", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_quit },
+#endif
+    { "pidfile", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_pidfile },
+    { "win2k-hack", 0, QEMU_OPTION_win2k_hack },
+    { "usbdevice", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_usbdevice },
+    { "smp", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_smp },
+    { "vnc", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_vnc },
+#ifdef CONFIG_CURSES
+    { "curses", 0, QEMU_OPTION_curses },
+#endif
+    { "uuid", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_uuid },
+
+    /* temporary options */
+    { "usb", 0, QEMU_OPTION_usb },
+    { "no-acpi", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_acpi },
+    { "no-hpet", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_hpet },
+    { "no-reboot", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_reboot },
+    { "no-shutdown", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_shutdown },
+    { "show-cursor", 0, QEMU_OPTION_show_cursor },
+    { "daemonize", 0, QEMU_OPTION_daemonize },
+    { "option-rom", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_option_rom },
+#if defined(TARGET_ARM) || defined(TARGET_M68K) || defined(TARGET_PPC)
+    { "semihosting", 0, QEMU_OPTION_semihosting },
+#endif
+    { "name", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_name },
+#if defined(TARGET_SPARC)
+    { "prom-env", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_prom_env },
+#endif
+#if defined(TARGET_ARM)
+    { "old-param", 0, QEMU_OPTION_old_param },
+#endif
+    { "clock", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_clock },
+    { "startdate", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_startdate },
+    { "tb-size", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_tb_size },
+    { "icount", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_icount },
+    { "incoming", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_incoming },
+    { NULL },
+};
+
+/* password input */
+
+int qemu_key_check(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *name)
+{
+    char password[256];
+    int i;
+
+    if (!bdrv_is_encrypted(bs))
+        return 0;
+
+    term_printf("%s is encrypted.\n", name);
+    for(i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+        monitor_readline("Password: ", 1, password, sizeof(password));
+        if (bdrv_set_key(bs, password) == 0)
+            return 0;
+        term_printf("invalid password\n");
+    }
+    return -EPERM;
+}
+
+static BlockDriverState *get_bdrv(int index)
+{
+    if (index > nb_drives)
+        return NULL;
+    return drives_table[index].bdrv;
+}
+
+static void read_passwords(void)
+{
+    BlockDriverState *bs;
+    int i;
+
+    for(i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
+        bs = get_bdrv(i);
+        if (bs)
+            qemu_key_check(bs, bdrv_get_device_name(bs));
+    }
+}
+
+#ifdef HAS_AUDIO
+struct soundhw soundhw[] = {
+#ifdef HAS_AUDIO_CHOICE
+#if defined(TARGET_I386) || defined(TARGET_MIPS)
+    {
+        "pcspk",
+        "PC speaker",
+        0,
+        1,
+        { .init_isa = pcspk_audio_init }
+    },
+#endif
+    {
+        "sb16",
+        "Creative Sound Blaster 16",
+        0,
+        1,
+        { .init_isa = SB16_init }
+    },
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_CS4231A
+    {
+        "cs4231a",
+        "CS4231A",
+        0,
+        1,
+        { .init_isa = cs4231a_init }
+    },
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_ADLIB
+    {
+        "adlib",
+#ifdef HAS_YMF262
+        "Yamaha YMF262 (OPL3)",
+#else
+        "Yamaha YM3812 (OPL2)",
+#endif
+        0,
+        1,
+        { .init_isa = Adlib_init }
+    },
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_GUS
+    {
+        "gus",
+        "Gravis Ultrasound GF1",
+        0,
+        1,
+        { .init_isa = GUS_init }
+    },
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_AC97
+    {
+        "ac97",
+        "Intel 82801AA AC97 Audio",
+        0,
+        0,
+        { .init_pci = ac97_init }
+    },
+#endif
+
+    {
+        "es1370",
+        "ENSONIQ AudioPCI ES1370",
+        0,
+        0,
+        { .init_pci = es1370_init }
+    },
+#endif
+
+    { NULL, NULL, 0, 0, { NULL } }
+};
+
+static void select_soundhw (const char *optarg)
+{
+    struct soundhw *c;
+
+    if (*optarg == '?') {
+    show_valid_cards:
+
+        printf ("Valid sound card names (comma separated):\n");
+        for (c = soundhw; c->name; ++c) {
+            printf ("%-11s %s\n", c->name, c->descr);
+        }
+        printf ("\n-soundhw all will enable all of the above\n");
+        exit (*optarg != '?');
+    }
+    else {
+        size_t l;
+        const char *p;
+        char *e;
+        int bad_card = 0;
+
+        if (!strcmp (optarg, "all")) {
+            for (c = soundhw; c->name; ++c) {
+                c->enabled = 1;
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+
+        p = optarg;
+        while (*p) {
+            e = strchr (p, ',');
+            l = !e ? strlen (p) : (size_t) (e - p);
+
+            for (c = soundhw; c->name; ++c) {
+                if (!strncmp (c->name, p, l)) {
+                    c->enabled = 1;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (!c->name) {
+                if (l > 80) {
+                    fprintf (stderr,
+                             "Unknown sound card name (too big to show)\n");
+                }
+                else {
+                    fprintf (stderr, "Unknown sound card name `%.*s'\n",
+                             (int) l, p);
+                }
+                bad_card = 1;
+            }
+            p += l + (e != NULL);
+        }
+
+        if (bad_card)
+            goto show_valid_cards;
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+static void select_vgahw (const char *p)
+{
+    const char *opts;
+
+    if (strstart(p, "std", &opts)) {
+        cirrus_vga_enabled = 0;
+        vmsvga_enabled = 0;
+    } else if (strstart(p, "cirrus", &opts)) {
+        cirrus_vga_enabled = 1;
+        vmsvga_enabled = 0;
+    } else if (strstart(p, "vmware", &opts)) {
+        cirrus_vga_enabled = 0;
+        vmsvga_enabled = 1;
+    } else {
+    invalid_vga:
+        fprintf(stderr, "Unknown vga type: %s\n", p);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+    while (*opts) {
+        const char *nextopt;
+
+        if (strstart(opts, ",retrace=", &nextopt)) {
+            opts = nextopt;
+            if (strstart(opts, "dumb", &nextopt))
+                vga_retrace_method = VGA_RETRACE_DUMB;
+            else if (strstart(opts, "precise", &nextopt))
+                vga_retrace_method = VGA_RETRACE_PRECISE;
+            else goto invalid_vga;
+        } else goto invalid_vga;
+        opts = nextopt;
+    }
+}
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+static BOOL WINAPI qemu_ctrl_handler(DWORD type)
+{
+    exit(STATUS_CONTROL_C_EXIT);
+    return TRUE;
+}
+#endif
+
+static int qemu_uuid_parse(const char *str, uint8_t *uuid)
+{
+    int ret;
+
+    if(strlen(str) != 36)
+        return -1;
+
+    ret = sscanf(str, UUID_FMT, &uuid[0], &uuid[1], &uuid[2], &uuid[3],
+            &uuid[4], &uuid[5], &uuid[6], &uuid[7], &uuid[8], &uuid[9],
+            &uuid[10], &uuid[11], &uuid[12], &uuid[13], &uuid[14], &uuid[15]);
+
+    if(ret != 16)
+        return -1;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+#define MAX_NET_CLIENTS 32
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+
+static void termsig_handler(int signal)
+{
+    qemu_system_shutdown_request();
+}
+
+static void termsig_setup(void)
+{
+    struct sigaction act;
+
+    memset(&act, 0, sizeof(act));
+    act.sa_handler = termsig_handler;
+    sigaction(SIGINT,  &act, NULL);
+    sigaction(SIGHUP,  &act, NULL);
+    sigaction(SIGTERM, &act, NULL);
+}
+
+#endif
+
+static void print_machines(int error)
+{
+    QEMUMachine *m;
+    printf("Supported machines are:\n");
+    printf("filename.dtb Custom machine from device tree\n");
+    for(m = first_machine; m != NULL; m = m->next) {
+        printf("%-10s %s\n",
+               m->name, m->desc);
+    }
+    exit(error);
+}
+
+static void find_bios_dir(const char *argv0)
+{
+    char *dir;
+    char *p;
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    char buf[MAX_PATH];
+    DWORD len;
+#endif
+
+    bios_dir = CONFIG_QEMU_SHAREDIR;
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    len = GetFullPathName (argv0, MAX_PATH, buf, &p);
+    if (len == 0 || len > MAX_PATH - 1)
+        return;
+
+    if (!p || p == argv0)
+        return;
+    p[-1] = 0;
+    dir = buf;
+#elif defined(__linux__)
+    p = canonicalize_file_name(argv0);
+    if (!p)
+        return;
+    dir = dirname(p);
+#else
+    return;
+#endif
+
+#define SHARE_SUFFIX "/share/qemu"
+    bios_dir = qemu_mallocz(strlen(dir) + strlen(SHARE_SUFFIX) + 1);
+    strcpy(bios_dir, dir);
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    p = bios_dir + strlen(bios_dir) - 1;
+    while (p != bios_dir && *p != '\\')
+        p--;
+    *p = 0;
+#else
+    bios_dir = dirname(bios_dir);
+#endif
+    strcat(bios_dir, SHARE_SUFFIX);
+    if (access(bios_dir, R_OK))
+        strcpy(bios_dir, dir);
+#undef SHARE_SUFFIX
+#ifdef __linux__
+    free(p);
+#endif
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv, char **envp)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_GDBSTUB
+    int use_gdbstub;
+    const char *gdbstub_port;
+#endif
+    uint32_t boot_devices_bitmap = 0;
+    int i;
+    int snapshot, linux_boot, net_boot;
+    const char *initrd_filename;
+    const char *kernel_filename, *kernel_cmdline;
+    const char *boot_devices = "";
+    int cyls, heads, secs, translation;
+    const char *net_clients[MAX_NET_CLIENTS];
+    int nb_net_clients;
+    const char *bt_opts[MAX_BT_CMDLINE];
+    int nb_bt_opts;
+    int hda_index;
+    int optind;
+    const char *r, *optarg;
+    CharDriverState *monitor_hd;
+    const char *monitor_device;
+    const char *serial_devices[MAX_SERIAL_PORTS];
+    int serial_device_index;
+    const char *parallel_devices[MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS];
+    int parallel_device_index;
+    const char *loadvm = NULL;
+    QEMUMachine *machine;
+    const char *cpu_model;
+    const char *usb_devices[MAX_USB_CMDLINE];
+    int usb_devices_index;
+    int fds[2];
+    int tb_size;
+    const char *pid_file = NULL;
+    int autostart;
+    const char *incoming = NULL;
+
+    qemu_cache_utils_init(envp);
+
+    LIST_INIT (&vm_change_state_head);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+    {
+        struct sigaction act;
+        sigfillset(&act.sa_mask);
+        act.sa_flags = 0;
+        act.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
+        sigaction(SIGPIPE, &act, NULL);
+    }
+#else
+    SetConsoleCtrlHandler(qemu_ctrl_handler, TRUE);
+    /* Note: cpu_interrupt() is currently not SMP safe, so we force
+       QEMU to run on a single CPU */
+    {
+        HANDLE h;
+        DWORD mask, smask;
+        int i;
+        h = GetCurrentProcess();
+        if (GetProcessAffinityMask(h, &mask, &smask)) {
+            for(i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
+                if (mask & (1 << i))
+                    break;
+            }
+            if (i != 32) {
+                mask = 1 << i;
+                SetProcessAffinityMask(h, mask);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+    register_machines();
+    machine = NULL;
+    cpu_model = NULL;
+    initrd_filename = NULL;
+    ram_size = 0;
+    vga_ram_size = VGA_RAM_SIZE;
+#ifdef CONFIG_GDBSTUB
+    use_gdbstub = 0;
+    gdbstub_port = DEFAULT_GDBSTUB_PORT;
+#endif
+    snapshot = 0;
+    nographic = 0;
+    curses = 0;
+    kernel_filename = NULL;
+    kernel_cmdline = "";
+    cyls = heads = secs = 0;
+    translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_AUTO;
+    monitor_device = "vc";
+
+    serial_devices[0] = "vc:80Cx24C";
+    for(i = 1; i < MAX_SERIAL_PORTS; i++)
+        serial_devices[i] = NULL;
+    serial_device_index = 0;
+
+    parallel_devices[0] = "vc:640x480";
+    for(i = 1; i < MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS; i++)
+        parallel_devices[i] = NULL;
+    parallel_device_index = 0;
+
+    usb_devices_index = 0;
+
+    nb_net_clients = 0;
+    nb_bt_opts = 0;
+    nb_drives = 0;
+    nb_drives_opt = 0;
+    hda_index = -1;
+
+    nb_nics = 0;
+
+    tb_size = 0;
+    autostart= 1;
+
+    optind = 1;
+    for(;;) {
+        if (optind >= argc)
+            break;
+        r = argv[optind];
+        if (r[0] != '-') {
+	    hda_index = drive_add(argv[optind++], HD_ALIAS, 0);
+        } else {
+            const QEMUOption *popt;
+
+            optind++;
+            /* Treat --foo the same as -foo.  */
+            if (r[1] == '-')
+                r++;
+            popt = qemu_options;
+            for(;;) {
+                if (!popt->name) {
+                    fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid option -- '%s'\n",
+                            argv[0], r);
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                if (!strcmp(popt->name, r + 1))
+                    break;
+                popt++;
+            }
+            if (popt->flags & HAS_ARG) {
+                if (optind >= argc) {
+                    fprintf(stderr, "%s: option '%s' requires an argument\n",
+                            argv[0], r);
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                optarg = argv[optind++];
+            } else {
+                optarg = NULL;
+            }
+
+            switch(popt->index) {
+            case QEMU_OPTION_M:
+                machine = find_machine(optarg);
+                if (!machine) {
+                    print_machines(*optarg != '?');
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_cpu:
+                /* hw initialization will check this */
+                if (*optarg == '?') {
+/* XXX: implement xxx_cpu_list for targets that still miss it */
+#if defined(cpu_list)
+                    cpu_list(stdout, &fprintf);
+#endif
+                    exit(0);
+                } else {
+                    cpu_model = optarg;
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_initrd:
+                initrd_filename = optarg;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_hda:
+                if (cyls == 0)
+                    hda_index = drive_add(optarg, HD_ALIAS, 0);
+                else
+                    hda_index = drive_add(optarg, HD_ALIAS
+			     ",cyls=%d,heads=%d,secs=%d%s",
+                             0, cyls, heads, secs,
+                             translation == BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_LBA ?
+                                 ",trans=lba" :
+                             translation == BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_NONE ?
+                                 ",trans=none" : "");
+                 break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_hdb:
+            case QEMU_OPTION_hdc:
+            case QEMU_OPTION_hdd:
+                drive_add(optarg, HD_ALIAS, popt->index - QEMU_OPTION_hda);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_drive:
+                drive_add(NULL, "%s", optarg);
+	        break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_mtdblock:
+                drive_add(optarg, MTD_ALIAS);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_sd:
+                drive_add(optarg, SD_ALIAS);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_pflash:
+                drive_add(optarg, PFLASH_ALIAS);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_snapshot:
+                snapshot = 1;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_hdachs:
+                {
+                    const char *p;
+                    p = optarg;
+                    cyls = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 0);
+                    if (cyls < 1 || cyls > 16383)
+                        goto chs_fail;
+                    if (*p != ',')
+                        goto chs_fail;
+                    p++;
+                    heads = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 0);
+                    if (heads < 1 || heads > 16)
+                        goto chs_fail;
+                    if (*p != ',')
+                        goto chs_fail;
+                    p++;
+                    secs = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 0);
+                    if (secs < 1 || secs > 63)
+                        goto chs_fail;
+                    if (*p == ',') {
+                        p++;
+                        if (!strcmp(p, "none"))
+                            translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_NONE;
+                        else if (!strcmp(p, "lba"))
+                            translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_LBA;
+                        else if (!strcmp(p, "auto"))
+                            translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_AUTO;
+                        else
+                            goto chs_fail;
+                    } else if (*p != '\0') {
+                    chs_fail:
+                        fprintf(stderr, "qemu: invalid physical CHS format\n");
+                        exit(1);
+                    }
+		    if (hda_index != -1)
+                        snprintf(drives_opt[hda_index].opt,
+                                 sizeof(drives_opt[hda_index].opt),
+                                 HD_ALIAS ",cyls=%d,heads=%d,secs=%d%s",
+                                 0, cyls, heads, secs,
+			         translation == BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_LBA ?
+			     	    ",trans=lba" :
+			         translation == BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_NONE ?
+			             ",trans=none" : "");
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_nographic:
+                nographic = 1;
+                break;
+#ifdef CONFIG_CURSES
+            case QEMU_OPTION_curses:
+                curses = 1;
+                break;
+#endif
+            case QEMU_OPTION_portrait:
+                graphic_rotate = 1;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_kernel:
+                kernel_filename = optarg;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_append:
+                kernel_cmdline = optarg;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_cdrom:
+                drive_add(optarg, CDROM_ALIAS);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_boot:
+                boot_devices = optarg;
+                /* We just do some generic consistency checks */
+                {
+                    /* Could easily be extended to 64 devices if needed */
+                    const char *p;
+                    
+                    boot_devices_bitmap = 0;
+                    for (p = boot_devices; *p != '\0'; p++) {
+                        /* Allowed boot devices are:
+                         * a b     : floppy disk drives
+                         * c ... f : IDE disk drives
+                         * g ... m : machine implementation dependant drives
+                         * n ... p : network devices
+                         * It's up to each machine implementation to check
+                         * if the given boot devices match the actual hardware
+                         * implementation and firmware features.
+                         */
+                        if (*p < 'a' || *p > 'q') {
+                            fprintf(stderr, "Invalid boot device '%c'\n", *p);
+                            exit(1);
+                        }
+                        if (boot_devices_bitmap & (1 << (*p - 'a'))) {
+                            fprintf(stderr,
+                                    "Boot device '%c' was given twice\n",*p);
+                            exit(1);
+                        }
+                        boot_devices_bitmap |= 1 << (*p - 'a');
+                    }
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_fda:
+            case QEMU_OPTION_fdb:
+                drive_add(optarg, FD_ALIAS, popt->index - QEMU_OPTION_fda);
+                break;
+#ifdef TARGET_I386
+            case QEMU_OPTION_no_fd_bootchk:
+                fd_bootchk = 0;
+                break;
+#endif
+            case QEMU_OPTION_net:
+                if (nb_net_clients >= MAX_NET_CLIENTS) {
+                    fprintf(stderr, "qemu: too many network clients\n");
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                net_clients[nb_net_clients] = optarg;
+                nb_net_clients++;
+                break;
+#ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP
+            case QEMU_OPTION_tftp:
+		tftp_prefix = optarg;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_bootp:
+                bootp_filename = optarg;
+                break;
+#ifndef _WIN32
+            case QEMU_OPTION_smb:
+		net_slirp_smb(optarg);
+                break;
+#endif
+            case QEMU_OPTION_redir:
+                net_slirp_redir(optarg);
+                break;
+#endif
+            case QEMU_OPTION_bt:
+                if (nb_bt_opts >= MAX_BT_CMDLINE) {
+                    fprintf(stderr, "qemu: too many bluetooth options\n");
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                bt_opts[nb_bt_opts++] = optarg;
+                break;
+#ifdef HAS_AUDIO
+            case QEMU_OPTION_audio_help:
+                AUD_help ();
+                exit (0);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_soundhw:
+                select_soundhw (optarg);
+                break;
+#endif
+            case QEMU_OPTION_h:
+                help(0);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_version:
+                version();
+                exit(0);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_m: {
+                uint64_t value;
+                char *ptr;
+
+                value = strtoul(optarg, &ptr, 10);
+                switch (*ptr) {
+                case 0: case 'M': case 'm':
+                    value <<= 20;
+                    break;
+                case 'G': case 'g':
+                    value <<= 30;
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    fprintf(stderr, "qemu: invalid ram size: %s\n", optarg);
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+
+                /* On 32-bit hosts, QEMU is limited by virtual address space */
+                if (value > (2047 << 20)
+#ifndef USE_KQEMU
+                    && HOST_LONG_BITS == 32
+#endif
+                    ) {
+                    fprintf(stderr, "qemu: at most 2047 MB RAM can be simulated\n");
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                if (value != (uint64_t)(ram_addr_t)value) {
+                    fprintf(stderr, "qemu: ram size too large\n");
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                ram_size = value;
+                break;
+            }
+            case QEMU_OPTION_d:
+                {
+                    int mask;
+                    const CPULogItem *item;
+
+                    mask = cpu_str_to_log_mask(optarg);
+                    if (!mask) {
+                        printf("Log items (comma separated):\n");
+                    for(item = cpu_log_items; item->mask != 0; item++) {
+                        printf("%-10s %s\n", item->name, item->help);
+                    }
+                    exit(1);
+                    }
+                    cpu_set_log(mask);
+                }
+                break;
+#ifdef CONFIG_GDBSTUB
+            case QEMU_OPTION_s:
+                use_gdbstub = 1;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_p:
+                gdbstub_port = optarg;
+                break;
+#endif
+            case QEMU_OPTION_L:
+                bios_dir = optarg;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_bios:
+                bios_name = optarg;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_S:
+                autostart = 0;
+                break;
+	    case QEMU_OPTION_k:
+		keyboard_layout = optarg;
+		break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_localtime:
+                rtc_utc = 0;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_vga:
+                select_vgahw (optarg);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_g:
+                {
+                    const char *p;
+                    int w, h, depth;
+                    p = optarg;
+                    w = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 10);
+                    if (w <= 0) {
+                    graphic_error:
+                        fprintf(stderr, "qemu: invalid resolution or depth\n");
+                        exit(1);
+                    }
+                    if (*p != 'x')
+                        goto graphic_error;
+                    p++;
+                    h = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 10);
+                    if (h <= 0)
+                        goto graphic_error;
+                    if (*p == 'x') {
+                        p++;
+                        depth = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 10);
+                        if (depth != 8 && depth != 15 && depth != 16 &&
+                            depth != 24 && depth != 32)
+                            goto graphic_error;
+                    } else if (*p == '\0') {
+                        depth = graphic_depth;
+                    } else {
+                        goto graphic_error;
+                    }
+
+                    graphic_width = w;
+                    graphic_height = h;
+                    graphic_depth = depth;
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_echr:
+                {
+                    char *r;
+                    term_escape_char = strtol(optarg, &r, 0);
+                    if (r == optarg)
+                        printf("Bad argument to echr\n");
+                    break;
+                }
+            case QEMU_OPTION_monitor:
+                monitor_device = optarg;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_serial:
+                if (serial_device_index >= MAX_SERIAL_PORTS) {
+                    fprintf(stderr, "qemu: too many serial ports\n");
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                serial_devices[serial_device_index] = optarg;
+                serial_device_index++;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_parallel:
+                if (parallel_device_index >= MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS) {
+                    fprintf(stderr, "qemu: too many parallel ports\n");
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                parallel_devices[parallel_device_index] = optarg;
+                parallel_device_index++;
+                break;
+	    case QEMU_OPTION_loadvm:
+		loadvm = optarg;
+		break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_full_screen:
+                full_screen = 1;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_gui:
+                gui_file = optarg;
+                break;
+#ifdef CONFIG_SDL
+            case QEMU_OPTION_no_frame:
+                no_frame = 1;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_alt_grab:
+                alt_grab = 1;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_no_quit:
+                no_quit = 1;
+                break;
+#endif
+            case QEMU_OPTION_pidfile:
+                pid_file = optarg;
+                break;
+#ifdef TARGET_I386
+            case QEMU_OPTION_win2k_hack:
+                win2k_install_hack = 1;
+                break;
+#endif
+#ifdef USE_KQEMU
+            case QEMU_OPTION_no_kqemu:
+                kqemu_allowed = 0;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_kernel_kqemu:
+                kqemu_allowed = 2;
+                break;
+#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_KVM
+            case QEMU_OPTION_enable_kvm:
+                kvm_allowed = 1;
+#ifdef USE_KQEMU
+                kqemu_allowed = 0;
+#endif
+                break;
+#endif
+            case QEMU_OPTION_usb:
+                usb_enabled = 1;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_usbdevice:
+                usb_enabled = 1;
+                if (usb_devices_index >= MAX_USB_CMDLINE) {
+                    fprintf(stderr, "Too many USB devices\n");
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                usb_devices[usb_devices_index] = optarg;
+                usb_devices_index++;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_smp:
+                smp_cpus = atoi(optarg);
+                if (smp_cpus < 1) {
+                    fprintf(stderr, "Invalid number of CPUs\n");
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                break;
+	    case QEMU_OPTION_vnc:
+		vnc_display = optarg;
+		break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_no_acpi:
+                acpi_enabled = 0;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_no_hpet:
+                no_hpet = 1;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_no_reboot:
+                no_reboot = 1;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_no_shutdown:
+                no_shutdown = 1;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_show_cursor:
+                cursor_hide = 0;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_uuid:
+                if(qemu_uuid_parse(optarg, qemu_uuid) < 0) {
+                    fprintf(stderr, "Fail to parse UUID string."
+                            " Wrong format.\n");
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                break;
+	    case QEMU_OPTION_daemonize:
+		daemonize = 1;
+		break;
+	    case QEMU_OPTION_option_rom:
+		if (nb_option_roms >= MAX_OPTION_ROMS) {
+		    fprintf(stderr, "Too many option ROMs\n");
+		    exit(1);
+		}
+		option_rom[nb_option_roms] = optarg;
+		nb_option_roms++;
+		break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_semihosting:
+                semihosting_enabled = 1;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_name:
+                qemu_name = optarg;
+                break;
+#ifdef TARGET_SPARC
+            case QEMU_OPTION_prom_env:
+                if (nb_prom_envs >= MAX_PROM_ENVS) {
+                    fprintf(stderr, "Too many prom variables\n");
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                prom_envs[nb_prom_envs] = optarg;
+                nb_prom_envs++;
+                break;
+#endif
+#ifdef TARGET_ARM
+            case QEMU_OPTION_old_param:
+                old_param = 1;
+                break;
+#endif
+            case QEMU_OPTION_clock:
+                configure_alarms(optarg);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_startdate:
+                {
+                    struct tm tm;
+                    time_t rtc_start_date;
+                    if (!strcmp(optarg, "now")) {
+                        rtc_date_offset = -1;
+                    } else {
+                        if (sscanf(optarg, "%d-%d-%dT%d:%d:%d",
+                               &tm.tm_year,
+                               &tm.tm_mon,
+                               &tm.tm_mday,
+                               &tm.tm_hour,
+                               &tm.tm_min,
+                               &tm.tm_sec) == 6) {
+                            /* OK */
+                        } else if (sscanf(optarg, "%d-%d-%d",
+                                          &tm.tm_year,
+                                          &tm.tm_mon,
+                                          &tm.tm_mday) == 3) {
+                            tm.tm_hour = 0;
+                            tm.tm_min = 0;
+                            tm.tm_sec = 0;
+                        } else {
+                            goto date_fail;
+                        }
+                        tm.tm_year -= 1900;
+                        tm.tm_mon--;
+                        rtc_start_date = mktimegm(&tm);
+                        if (rtc_start_date == -1) {
+                        date_fail:
+                            fprintf(stderr, "Invalid date format. Valid format are:\n"
+                                    "'now' or '2006-06-17T16:01:21' or '2006-06-17'\n");
+                            exit(1);
+                        }
+                        rtc_date_offset = time(NULL) - rtc_start_date;
+                    }
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_tb_size:
+                tb_size = strtol(optarg, NULL, 0);
+                if (tb_size < 0)
+                    tb_size = 0;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_icount:
+                use_icount = 1;
+                if (strcmp(optarg, "auto") == 0) {
+                    icount_time_shift = -1;
+                } else {
+                    icount_time_shift = strtol(optarg, NULL, 0);
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_incoming:
+                incoming = optarg;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!bios_dir)
+        find_bios_dir(argv[0]);
+#if defined(CONFIG_KVM) && defined(USE_KQEMU)
+    if (kvm_allowed && kqemu_allowed) {
+        fprintf(stderr,
+                "You can not enable both KVM and kqemu at the same time\n");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+#endif
+
+    if (!machine) {
+        printf("No board specified. Use -M file.dtb\n");
+        print_machines(1);
+    }
+
+    machine->max_cpus = machine->max_cpus ?: 1; /* Default to UP */
+    if (smp_cpus > machine->max_cpus) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Number of SMP cpus requested (%d), exceeds max cpus "
+                "supported by machine `%s' (%d)\n", smp_cpus,  machine->name,
+                machine->max_cpus);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    if (nographic) {
+       if (serial_device_index == 0)
+           serial_devices[0] = "stdio";
+       if (parallel_device_index == 0)
+           parallel_devices[0] = "null";
+       if (strncmp(monitor_device, "vc", 2) == 0)
+           monitor_device = "stdio";
+    }
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+    if (daemonize) {
+	pid_t pid;
+
+	if (pipe(fds) == -1)
+	    exit(1);
+
+	pid = fork();
+	if (pid > 0) {
+	    uint8_t status;
+	    ssize_t len;
+
+	    close(fds[1]);
+
+	again:
+            len = read(fds[0], &status, 1);
+            if (len == -1 && (errno == EINTR))
+                goto again;
+
+            if (len != 1)
+                exit(1);
+            else if (status == 1) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Could not acquire pidfile\n");
+                exit(1);
+            } else
+                exit(0);
+	} else if (pid < 0)
+            exit(1);
+
+	setsid();
+
+	pid = fork();
+	if (pid > 0)
+	    exit(0);
+	else if (pid < 0)
+	    exit(1);
+
+	umask(027);
+
+        signal(SIGTSTP, SIG_IGN);
+        signal(SIGTTOU, SIG_IGN);
+        signal(SIGTTIN, SIG_IGN);
+    }
+#endif
+
+    if (pid_file && qemu_create_pidfile(pid_file) != 0) {
+        if (daemonize) {
+            uint8_t status = 1;
+            write(fds[1], &status, 1);
+        } else
+            fprintf(stderr, "Could not acquire pid file\n");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+#ifdef USE_KQEMU
+    if (smp_cpus > 1)
+        kqemu_allowed = 0;
+#endif
+    linux_boot = (kernel_filename != NULL);
+    net_boot = (boot_devices_bitmap >> ('n' - 'a')) & 0xF;
+
+    if (!linux_boot && net_boot == 0 &&
+        !machine->nodisk_ok && nb_drives_opt == 0)
+        help(1);
+
+    if (!linux_boot && *kernel_cmdline != '\0') {
+        fprintf(stderr, "-append only allowed with -kernel option\n");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    if (!linux_boot && initrd_filename != NULL) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "-initrd only allowed with -kernel option\n");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    /* boot to floppy or the default cd if no hard disk defined yet */
+    if (!boot_devices[0]) {
+        boot_devices = "cad";
+    }
+    setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IOLBF, 0);
+
+    init_timers();
+    if (init_timer_alarm() < 0) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "could not initialize alarm timer\n");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+    if (use_icount && icount_time_shift < 0) {
+        use_icount = 2;
+        /* 125MIPS seems a reasonable initial guess at the guest speed.
+           It will be corrected fairly quickly anyway.  */
+        icount_time_shift = 3;
+        init_icount_adjust();
+    }
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    socket_init();
+#endif
+
+    /* init network clients */
+    if (nb_net_clients == 0) {
+        /* if no clients, we use a default config */
+        net_clients[nb_net_clients++] = "nic";
+#ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP
+        net_clients[nb_net_clients++] = "user";
+#endif
+    }
+
+    for(i = 0;i < nb_net_clients; i++) {
+        if (net_client_parse(net_clients[i]) < 0)
+            exit(1);
+    }
+    net_client_check();
+
+#ifdef TARGET_I386
+    /* XXX: this should be moved in the PC machine instantiation code */
+    if (net_boot != 0) {
+        int netroms = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < nb_nics && i < 4; i++) {
+	    const char *model = nd_table[i].model;
+	    char buf[1024];
+            if (net_boot & (1 << i)) {
+                if (model == NULL)
+                    model = "ne2k_pci";
+                snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/pxe-%s.bin", bios_dir, model);
+                if (get_image_size(buf) > 0) {
+                    if (nb_option_roms >= MAX_OPTION_ROMS) {
+                        fprintf(stderr, "Too many option ROMs\n");
+                        exit(1);
+                    }
+                    option_rom[nb_option_roms] = strdup(buf);
+                    nb_option_roms++;
+                    netroms++;
+                }
+            }
+	}
+	if (netroms == 0) {
+	    fprintf(stderr, "No valid PXE rom found for network device\n");
+	    exit(1);
+	}
+    }
+#endif
+
+    /* init the bluetooth world */
+    for (i = 0; i < nb_bt_opts; i++)
+        if (bt_parse(bt_opts[i]))
+            exit(1);
+
+    /* init the memory */
+    phys_ram_size = machine->ram_require & ~RAMSIZE_FIXED;
+
+    if (machine->ram_require & RAMSIZE_FIXED) {
+        if (ram_size > 0) {
+            if (ram_size < phys_ram_size) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Machine `%s' requires %llu bytes of memory\n",
+                                machine->name, (unsigned long long) phys_ram_size);
+                exit(-1);
+            }
+
+            phys_ram_size = ram_size;
+        } else
+            ram_size = phys_ram_size;
+    } else {
+        if (ram_size == 0)
+            ram_size = DEFAULT_RAM_SIZE * 1024 * 1024;
+
+        phys_ram_size += ram_size;
+    }
+
+#ifdef USE_KQEMU
+    if (kqemu_allowed) {
+        kqemu_phys_ram_base = qemu_vmalloc(phys_ram_size);
+        if (!kqemu_phys_ram_base) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate physical memory\n");
+            exit(1);
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+    /* init the dynamic translator */
+    cpu_exec_init_all(tb_size * 1024 * 1024);
+
+    bdrv_init();
+
+    /* we always create the cdrom drive, even if no disk is there */
+
+    if (nb_drives_opt < MAX_DRIVES)
+        drive_add(NULL, CDROM_ALIAS);
+
+    /* we always create at least one floppy */
+
+    if (nb_drives_opt < MAX_DRIVES)
+        drive_add(NULL, FD_ALIAS, 0);
+
+    /* we always create one sd slot, even if no card is in it */
+
+    if (nb_drives_opt < MAX_DRIVES)
+        drive_add(NULL, SD_ALIAS);
+
+    /* open the virtual block devices */
+
+    for(i = 0; i < nb_drives_opt; i++)
+        if (drive_init(&drives_opt[i], snapshot, machine) == -1)
+	    exit(1);
+
+    register_savevm("timer", 0, 2, timer_save, timer_load, NULL);
+    register_savevm_live("ram", 0, 3, ram_save_live, NULL, ram_load, NULL);
+
+#if 0
+    TODO: DFG!
+    /* terminal init */
+    if (nographic) {
+        if (curses) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "fatal: -nographic can't be used with -curses\n");
+            exit(1);
+        }
+        /* nearly nothing to do */
+        dumb_display_init(ds);
+    } else if (vnc_display != NULL) {
+        vnc_display_init(ds);
+        if (vnc_display_open(ds, vnc_display) < 0)
+            exit(1);
+    } else
+#endif
+#if defined(CONFIG_CURSES) && defined(DFG)
+    /* DFG TODO */
+    if (curses) {
+        curses_display_init(ds, full_screen);
+    } else
+#endif
+    {
+#if defined(CONFIG_SDL)
+        sdl_display_init(full_screen, no_frame);
+#elif defined(CONFIG_COCOA)
+        cocoa_display_init(ds, full_screen);
+#else
+        dumb_display_init(ds);
+#endif
+    }
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+    /* must be after terminal init, SDL library changes signal handlers */
+    termsig_setup();
+#endif
+
+    /* Maintain compatibility with multiple stdio monitors */
+    if (!strcmp(monitor_device,"stdio")) {
+        for (i = 0; i < MAX_SERIAL_PORTS; i++) {
+            const char *devname = serial_devices[i];
+            if (devname && !strcmp(devname,"mon:stdio")) {
+                monitor_device = NULL;
+                break;
+            } else if (devname && !strcmp(devname,"stdio")) {
+                monitor_device = NULL;
+                serial_devices[i] = "mon:stdio";
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (monitor_device) {
+        monitor_hd = qemu_chr_open("monitor", monitor_device);
+        if (!monitor_hd) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not open monitor device '%s'\n", monitor_device);
+            exit(1);
+        }
+        monitor_init(monitor_hd, !nographic);
+    }
+
+    for(i = 0; i < MAX_SERIAL_PORTS; i++) {
+        const char *devname = serial_devices[i];
+        if (devname && strcmp(devname, "none")) {
+            char label[32];
+            snprintf(label, sizeof(label), "serial%d", i);
+            serial_hds[i] = qemu_chr_open(label, devname);
+            if (!serial_hds[i]) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not open serial device '%s'\n",
+                        devname);
+                exit(1);
+            }
+            if (strstart(devname, "vc", 0))
+                qemu_chr_printf(serial_hds[i], "serial%d console\r\n", i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    for(i = 0; i < MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS; i++) {
+        const char *devname = parallel_devices[i];
+        if (devname && strcmp(devname, "none")) {
+            char label[32];
+            snprintf(label, sizeof(label), "parallel%d", i);
+            parallel_hds[i] = qemu_chr_open(label, devname);
+            if (!parallel_hds[i]) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not open parallel device '%s'\n",
+                        devname);
+                exit(1);
+            }
+            if (strstart(devname, "vc", 0))
+                qemu_chr_printf(parallel_hds[i], "parallel%d console\r\n", i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (gui_file != NULL)
+        gui_load(gui_file);
+
+    if (kvm_enabled()) {
+        int ret;
+
+        ret = kvm_init(smp_cpus);
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "failed to initialize KVM\n");
+            exit(1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    qemu_python_init(argv[0]);
+    /* DFG FIXME: machines should talk to the GUI, so gui_get_display_area() should not be called here.
+       Anyway, as far as I could check, I made all the machines to ignore this parameter. */
+    machine->init(ram_size, vga_ram_size, boot_devices, NULL,
+                  kernel_filename, kernel_cmdline, initrd_filename, cpu_model);
+
+    gui_notify_console_select(0);
+
+    /* Set KVM's vcpu state to qemu's initial CPUState. */
+    if (kvm_enabled()) {
+        int ret;
+
+        ret = kvm_sync_vcpus();
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "failed to initialize vcpus\n");
+            exit(1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* init USB devices */
+    if (usb_enabled) {
+        for(i = 0; i < usb_devices_index; i++) {
+            if (usb_device_add(usb_devices[i]) < 0) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Warning: could not add USB device %s\n",
+                        usb_devices[i]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (gui_needs_timer()) {
+        struct QEMUTimer *gui_timer = qemu_new_timer(rt_clock, gui_update, NULL);
+        gui_set_timer(gui_timer);
+        qemu_mod_timer(gui_timer, qemu_get_clock(rt_clock));
+    }
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_GDBSTUB
+    if (use_gdbstub) {
+        /* XXX: use standard host:port notation and modify options
+           accordingly. */
+        if (gdbserver_start(gdbstub_port) < 0) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not open gdbstub device on port '%s'\n",
+                    gdbstub_port);
+            exit(1);
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+    if (loadvm)
+        do_loadvm(loadvm);
+
+    if (incoming) {
+        autostart = 0; /* fixme how to deal with -daemonize */
+        qemu_start_incoming_migration(incoming);
+    }
+
+    {
+        /* XXX: simplify init */
+        read_passwords();
+        if (autostart) {
+            vm_start();
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (daemonize) {
+	uint8_t status = 0;
+	ssize_t len;
+	int fd;
+
+    again1:
+	len = write(fds[1], &status, 1);
+	if (len == -1 && (errno == EINTR))
+	    goto again1;
+
+	if (len != 1)
+	    exit(1);
+
+	chdir("/");
+	TFR(fd = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR));
+	if (fd == -1)
+	    exit(1);
+
+	dup2(fd, 0);
+	dup2(fd, 1);
+	dup2(fd, 2);
+
+	close(fd);
+    }
+
+    main_loop();
+    quit_timers();
+    net_cleanup();
+
+    return 0;
+}