/****************************************************************************

**

** Copyright (C) 2010 Nokia Corporation and/or its subsidiary(-ies).

** All rights reserved.

** Contact: Nokia Corporation (qt-info@nokia.com)

**

** This file is part of the documentation of the Qt Toolkit.

**

** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:LGPL$

** No Commercial Usage

** This file contains pre-release code and may not be distributed.

** You may use this file in accordance with the terms and conditions

** contained in the Technology Preview License Agreement accompanying

** this package.

**

** GNU Lesser General Public License Usage

** Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of the GNU Lesser

** General Public License version 2.1 as published by the Free Software

** Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.LGPL included in the

** packaging of this file.  Please review the following information to

** ensure the GNU Lesser General Public License version 2.1 requirements

** will be met: http://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/lgpl-2.1.html.

**

** In addition, as a special exception, Nokia gives you certain additional

** rights.  These rights are described in the Nokia Qt LGPL Exception

** version 1.1, included in the file LGPL_EXCEPTION.txt in this package.

**

** If you have questions regarding the use of this file, please contact

** Nokia at qt-info@nokia.com.

**

**

**

**

**

**

**

**

** $QT_END_LICENSE$

**

****************************************************************************/

/*!

    \class Q3ValueList

    \brief The Q3ValueList class is a value-based template class that

    provides lists.

    \compat

    Q3ValueList is a Qt implementation of an STL-like list container.

    It can be used in your application if the standard \c list is not

    available for your target platforms.

    Q3ValueList\<T\> defines a template instance to create a list of

    values that all have the class T. Note that Q3ValueList does not

    store pointers to the members of the list; it holds a copy of

    every member. This is why these kinds of classes are called "value

    based"; Q3PtrList and Q3Dict are "pointer based".

    Q3ValueList contains and manages a collection of objects of type T

    and provides iterators that allow the contained objects to be

    addressed. Q3ValueList owns the contained items. For more relaxed

    ownership semantics, see Q3PtrCollection and friends which are

    pointer-based containers.

    Some classes cannot be used within a Q3ValueList, for example, all

    classes derived from QObject and thus all classes that implement

    widgets. Only values can be used in a Q3ValueList. To qualify as a

    value the class must provide:

    \list

    \i a copy constructor;

    \i an assignment operator;

    \i a default constructor, i.e. a constructor that does not take any arguments.

    \endlist

    Note that C++ defaults to field-by-field assignment operators and

    copy constructors if no explicit version is supplied. In many

    cases this is sufficient.

    In addition, some compilers (e.g. Sun CC) might require that the

    class provides an equality operator (operator==()).

    Q3ValueList's function naming is consistent with the other Qt

    classes (e.g. count(), isEmpty()). Q3ValueList also provides extra

    functions for compatibility with STL algorithms, such as size()

    and empty(). Programmers already familiar with the STL \c list may

    prefer to use the STL-compatible functions.

    Example:

    \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_q3valuelist.qdoc 0

    Notice that the latest changes to Mary's salary did not affect the

    value in the list because the list created a copy of Mary's entry.

    There are several ways to find items in the list. The begin() and

    end() functions return iterators to the beginning and end of the

    list. The advantage of getting an iterator is that you can move

    forward or backward from this position by

    incrementing/decrementing the iterator. The iterator returned by

    end() points to the item which is one \e past the last item in the

    container. The past-the-end iterator is still associated with the

    list it belongs to, however it is \e not dereferenceable;

    operator*() will not return a well-defined value. If the list is

    empty(), the iterator returned by begin() will equal the iterator

    returned by end().

    It is safe to have multiple iterators a the list at the same

    time. If some member of the list is removed, only iterators

    pointing to the removed member become invalid. Inserting into the

    list does not invalidate any iterator. For convenience, the

    function last() returns a reference to the last item in the list,

    and first() returns a reference to the first item. If the

    list is empty(), both last() and first() have undefined behavior

    (your application will crash or do unpredictable things). Use

    last() and first() with caution, for example:

    \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_q3valuelist.qdoc 1

    Because Q3ValueList is value-based there is no need to be careful

    about deleting items in the list. The list holds its own copies

    and will free them if the corresponding member or the list itself

    is deleted. You can force the list to free all of its items with

    clear().

    Q3ValueList is shared implicitly, which means it can be copied in

    constant time, i.e. O(1). If multiple Q3ValueList instances share

    the same data and one needs to modify its contents, this modifying

    instance makes a copy and modifies its private copy; therefore it

    does not affect the other instances; this takes O(n) time. This is

    often called "copy on write". If a Q3ValueList is being used in a

    multi-threaded program, you must protect all access to the list.

    See \l QMutex.

    There are several ways to insert items into the list. The

    prepend() and append() functions insert items at the beginning and

    the end of the list respectively. The insert() function comes in

    several flavors and can be used to add one or more items at

    specific positions within the list.

    Items can also be removed from the list in several ways. There

    are several variants of the remove() function, which removes a

    specific item from the list. The remove() function will find and

    remove items according to a specific item value.

    \sa Q3ValueListIterator

*/

/*! \typedef Q3ValueList::iterator

	The list's iterator type, Q3ValueListIterator. */

/*! \typedef Q3ValueList::const_iterator

	The list's const iterator type, Q3ValueListConstIterator. */

/*! \typedef Q3ValueList::value_type

	The type of the object stored in the list, T. */

/*! \typedef Q3ValueList::pointer

	The pointer to T type. */

/*! \typedef Q3ValueList::const_pointer

	The const pointer to T type. */

/*! \typedef Q3ValueList::reference

	The reference to T type. */

/*! \typedef Q3ValueList::const_reference

	The const reference to T type. */

/*! \typedef Q3ValueList::size_type

	An unsigned integral type, used to represent various sizes. */

/*! \typedef Q3ValueList::difference_type

    \internal

*/

/*!

    \fn Q3ValueList::Q3ValueList()

    Constructs an empty list.

*/

/*!

    \fn Q3ValueList::Q3ValueList( const Q3ValueList<T>& l )

    \fn Q3ValueList::Q3ValueList( const QList<T>& l )

    \fn Q3ValueList::Q3ValueList( const QLinkedList<T>& l )

    Constructs a copy of \a l.

*/

/*!

    \fn Q3ValueList::Q3ValueList( const std::list<T>& l )

    Contructs a copy of \a l.

    This constructor is provided for compatibility with STL

    containers.

*/

/*!

    \fn Q3ValueList::~Q3ValueList()

    Destroys the list. References to the values in the list and all

    iterators of this list become invalidated. Note that it is

    impossible for an iterator to check whether or not it is valid:

    Q3ValueList is highly tuned for performance, not for error

    checking.

*/

/*!

    \fn bool Q3ValueList::operator== ( const Q3ValueList<T>& l ) const

    Compares both lists.

    Returns TRUE if this list and \a l are equal; otherwise returns

    FALSE.

*/

/*!

    \fn bool Q3ValueList::operator== ( const std::list<T>& l ) const

    \overload

    Returns TRUE if this list and \a l are equal; otherwise returns

    FALSE.

    This operator is provided for compatibility with STL containers.

*/

/*!

    \fn Q3ValueList<T>& Q3ValueList::operator= ( const Q3ValueList<T>& l )

    Assigns \a l to this list and returns a reference to this list.

    All iterators of the current list become invalidated by this

    operation. The cost of such an assignment is O(1) since Q3ValueList

    is implicitly shared.

*/

/*!

    \fn Q3ValueList<T>& Q3ValueList::operator= ( const QList<T>& l )

    Assigns \a l to this list and returns a reference to this list.

    All iterators of the current list become invalidated by this

    operation.

*/

/*!

    \fn Q3ValueList<T>& Q3ValueList::operator= ( const std::list<T>& l )

    \overload

    Assigns the contents of \a l to the list.

    All iterators of the current list become invalidated by this

    operation.

*/

/*!

    \fn bool Q3ValueList::operator!= ( const Q3ValueList<T>& l ) const

    Compares both lists.

    Returns TRUE if this list and \a l are unequal; otherwise returns

    FALSE.

*/

/*!

    \fn iterator Q3ValueList::insert( typename Q3ValueList<T>::Iterator it, const T& x )

    Inserts the value \a x in front of the item pointed to by the

    iterator, \a it.

    Returns an iterator pointing at the inserted item.

    \sa append(), prepend()

*/

/*!

    \fn uint Q3ValueList::remove( const T& x )

    \overload

    Removes all items that have value \a x and returns the number of

    removed items.

*/

/*!

    \fn QDataStream& operator>>( QDataStream& s, Q3ValueList<T>& l )

    \relates Q3ValueList

    Reads a list, \a l, from the stream \a s. The type T stored in the

    list must implement the streaming operator.

*/

/*!

    \fn QDataStream& operator<<( QDataStream& s, const Q3ValueList<T>& l )

    \overload

    \relates Q3ValueList

    Writes a list, \a l, to the stream \a s. The type T stored in the

    list must implement the streaming operator.

*/

/*!

    \fn void Q3ValueList::insert( typename Q3ValueList<T>::Iterator pos,

                                  typename Q3ValueList<T>::size_type n, const T& x )

    \overload

    Inserts \a n copies of \a x before position \a pos.

*/

/*!

    \fn Q3ValueList<T>& Q3ValueList::operator<< ( const T& x )

    Adds the value \a x to the end of the list.

    Returns a reference to the list.

*/

/*!

    \fn const T& Q3ValueList::operator[] ( typename Q3ValueList<T>::size_type i ) const

    Returns a const reference to the item with index \a i in the list.

    It is up to you to check whether this item really exists. You can

    do that easily with the count() function. However this operator

    does not check whether \a i is in range and will deliver undefined

    results if it does not exist.

    \warning This function uses a linear search and can be extremely

    slow for large lists. Q3ValueList is not optimized for random item

    access. If you need random access use a different container, such

    as Q3ValueVector.

*/

/*!

    \fn T& Q3ValueList::operator[] ( typename Q3ValueList<T>::size_type i )

    \overload

    Returns a non-const reference to the item with index \a i.

*/

/*!

    \fn const_iterator Q3ValueList::at( typename Q3ValueList<T>::size_type i ) const

    Returns an iterator pointing to the item at position \a i in the

    list, or an undefined value if the index is out of range.

    \warning This function uses a linear search and can be extremely

    slow for large lists. Q3ValueList is not optimized for random item

    access. If you need random access use a different container, such

    as Q3ValueVector.

*/

/*!

    \fn iterator Q3ValueList::at( typename Q3ValueList<T>::size_type i )

    \overload

    Returns an iterator pointing to the item at position \a i in the

    list, or an undefined value if the index is out of range.

*/

/*!

    \fn iterator Q3ValueList::fromLast()

    \overload

    Returns an iterator to the last item in the list, or end() if

    there is no last item.

    Use the end() function instead. For example:

    \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_q3valuelist.qdoc 2

*/

/*!

    \fn const_iterator Q3ValueList::fromLast() const

    Returns an iterator to the last item in the list, or end() if

    there is no last item.

    Use the end() function instead. For example:

    \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_q3valuelist.qdoc 3

*/

/*!

    \fn Q3ValueList<T> Q3ValueList::operator+( const Q3ValueList<T>& l ) const

    Creates a new list and fills it with the items of this list. Then

    the items of \a l are appended. Returns the new list.

*/

/*!

    \fn Q3ValueList<T>& Q3ValueList::operator+= ( const Q3ValueList<T>& l )

    Appends the items of \a l to this list. Returns a reference to

    this list.

*/

/*!

    \fn Q3ValueList<T>& Q3ValueList::operator+= ( const T& x )

    \overload

    Appends the value \a x to the list. Returns a reference to the

    list.

*/

/*!

    \fn iterator Q3ValueList::append( const T& x )

    Inserts \a x at the end of the list.

    \sa insert(), prepend()

*/

/*!

    \fn iterator Q3ValueList::prepend( const T& x )

    Inserts \a x at the beginning of the list.

    \sa insert(), append()

*/

/*!

    \fn iterator Q3ValueList::remove( typename Q3ValueList<T>::Iterator it )

    Removes the item pointed to by \a it from the list. No iterators

    other than \a it or other iterators pointing at the same item as

    \a it are invalidated. Returns an iterator to the next item after

    \a it, or end() if there is no such item.

    \sa clear()

*/

/*!

    \fn uint Q3ValueList::contains( const T& x ) const

    Returns the number of occurrences of the value \a x in the list.

*/

/*!

    \class Q3ValueListIterator

    \brief The Q3ValueListIterator class provides an iterator for Q3ValueList.

    \compat

    An iterator is a class for accessing the items of a container

    class: a generalization of the index in an array. A pointer

    into a "const char *" and an index into an "int[]" are both

    iterators, and the general idea is to provide that functionality

    for any data structure.

    The Q3ValueListIterator class is an iterator for Q3ValueList

    instantiations. You can create the appropriate iterator type by

    using the \c iterator typedef provided by Q3ValueList.

    The only way to access the items in a Q3ValueList is to use an

    iterator.

    Example (see Q3ValueList for the complete code):

    \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_q3valuelist.qdoc 4

    Q3ValueList is highly optimized for performance and memory usage.

    This means that you must be careful: Q3ValueList does not know

    about all its iterators and the iterators don't know to which list

    they belong. This makes things very fast, but if you're not

    careful, you can get spectacular bugs. Always make sure iterators

    are valid before dereferencing them or using them as parameters to

    generic algorithms in the STL.

    Using an invalid iterator is undefined (your application will

    probably crash). Many Qt functions return const value lists; to

    iterate over these you should make a copy and iterate over the

    copy.

    For every Iterator there is a ConstIterator. When accessing a

    Q3ValueList in a const environment or if the reference or pointer

    to the list is itself const, then you must use the ConstIterator.

    Its semantics are the same as the Iterator, but it only returns

    const references.

    \sa Q3ValueList, Q3ValueListConstIterator

*/

/*!

    \fn Q3ValueListIterator::Q3ValueListIterator()

    Constructs an unitialized iterator.

*/

/*!

    \fn Q3ValueListIterator::Q3ValueListIterator(const Q3ValueListIterator &o)

    \fn Q3ValueListIterator::Q3ValueListIterator(const typename QLinkedList<T>::iterator &o)

    Constucts a copy of iterator \a o.

*/

/*!

    \class Q3ValueListConstIterator

    \brief The Q3ValueListConstIterator class provides a const iterator

    for Q3ValueList.

    \compat

    In contrast to Q3ValueListIterator, this class is used to iterate

    over a const list. It does not allow modification of the values of

    the list since that would break const semantics.

    You can create the appropriate const iterator type by using the \c

    const_iterator typedef provided by Q3ValueList.

    For more information on Q3ValueList iterators, see

    Q3ValueListIterator.

    \sa Q3ValueListIterator, Q3ValueList

*/

/*!

    \fn Q3ValueListConstIterator::Q3ValueListConstIterator()

    Constructs an unitialized iterator.

*/

/*!

    \fn Q3ValueListConstIterator::Q3ValueListConstIterator(const Q3ValueListConstIterator &o)

    \fn Q3ValueListConstIterator::Q3ValueListConstIterator(const typename QLinkedList<T>::const_iterator &o)

    \fn Q3ValueListConstIterator::Q3ValueListConstIterator(const typename QLinkedList<T>::iterator &o)

    Constructs a copy of iterator \a o.

*/