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1 /**************************************************************************** |
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2 ** |
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3 ** Copyright (C) 2009 Nokia Corporation and/or its subsidiary(-ies). |
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4 ** All rights reserved. |
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5 ** Contact: Nokia Corporation (qt-info@nokia.com) |
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7 ** This file is part of the documentation of the Qt Toolkit. |
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16 ** GNU Lesser General Public License Usage |
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17 ** Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of the GNU Lesser |
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18 ** General Public License version 2.1 as published by the Free Software |
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19 ** Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.LGPL included in the |
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24 ** In addition, as a special exception, Nokia gives you certain additional |
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36 ** |
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37 ** |
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38 ** $QT_END_LICENSE$ |
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39 ** |
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40 ****************************************************************************/ |
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41 |
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42 /*! |
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43 \page qtscriptdebugger-manual.html |
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44 \title Qt Script Debugger Manual |
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45 \brief A manual describing how to use the Qt Script debugger. |
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46 |
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47 The Qt Script debugger is a tool for debugging script execution in |
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48 Qt applications that use Qt Script. Application developers can embed |
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49 the debugger into their application through the |
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50 QScriptEngineDebugger class. This manual describes how to use the |
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51 debugger. We assume that the reader is somewhat familiar with |
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52 general debugging concepts and existing debugging tools. |
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53 |
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54 We assume that the debugger has been integrated into the application |
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55 through the QScriptEngineDebugger::standardWindow() |
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56 function, which provides the standard debugger configuration. |
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57 |
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58 \tableofcontents |
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59 |
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60 \section1 Getting Started |
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61 |
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62 The following image shows the debugger as created with |
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63 \l{QScriptEngineDebugger::}{standardWindow()}: |
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64 |
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65 \image qtscript-debugger.png Running a script under the Qt Script debugger. |
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66 |
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67 The debugger will start, i.e., take control over the script's |
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68 execution when any of these conditions are met: |
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69 |
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70 \list |
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71 \o The \c{debugger} statement is encountered in the script. |
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72 \o Clicking the \gui Interrupt menu item from the \gui Debug |
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73 menu in the main window. |
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74 \o A breakpoint is reached. |
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75 \o An uncaught script exception is thrown. |
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76 \endlist |
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77 |
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78 Once the debugger is started, the execution state can be inspected, |
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79 e.g., the value of variables can be queried and the current program |
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80 stack shown. New breakpoints can be set. |
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81 |
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82 The debugger will resume, i.e., give the control back to the script |
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83 engine, when the user clicks \gui Continue menu item from the \gui |
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84 Debug menu. It will be invoked again if one of the conditions |
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85 described in the list above is met. |
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86 |
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87 \section1 Overview of Debugger Components |
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88 |
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89 The debugger's functionality is divided into a series of components, |
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90 each being a widget that can be shown in the main window of the |
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91 debugger. The following table describes each component and how they |
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92 relate to each other. |
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93 |
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94 \table |
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95 \header |
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96 \o Component |
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97 \o Description |
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98 \row |
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99 \o Console Widget |
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100 \o The console widget provides a command-line interface to the |
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101 debugger's functionality, and also serves as an interactive script |
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102 interpreter. The set of commands and their syntax is inspired by |
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103 GDB, the GNU Debugger. Commands and script variables are |
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104 auto-completed through the TAB key. |
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105 |
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106 Any console command that causes a change in the debugger or debugger |
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107 target's state will immediately be reflected in the other debugger |
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108 components (e.g. breakpoints or local variables changed). |
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109 |
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110 The console provides a simple and powerful way of manipulating the |
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111 script environment. For example, typing "x" and hitting enter will |
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112 evaluate "x" in the current stack frame and display the result. |
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113 Typing "x = 123" will assign the value 123 to the variable \c{x} in |
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114 the current scope (or create a global variable \c{x} if there isn't |
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115 one -- scripts evaluated through the console can have arbitrary side |
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116 effects, so be careful). |
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117 |
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118 \row |
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119 \o Stack Widget |
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120 \o The stack widget shows a backtrace of the script execution state. |
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121 Each row represents one frame in the stack. A row contains the |
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122 frame index (0 being the inner-most frame), the name of the script function, |
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123 and the location (file name and line number). To select a particular |
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124 stack frame to inspect, click on its row. |
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125 |
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126 \row |
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127 \o Locals Widget |
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128 \o The locals widget shows the variables that are local to the |
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129 currently selected stack frame; that is, the properties of the |
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130 objects in the scope chain and the \c{this}-object. Objects can be |
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131 expanded, so that their properties can be examined, recursively. |
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132 Properties whose value has changed are shown in bold font. |
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133 |
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134 Properties that are not read-only can be edited. Double-click on the |
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135 value and type in the new value; the value can be an arbitrary |
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136 expression. The expression will be evaluated in the associated stack |
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137 frame. While typing, you can press the TAB key to get possible |
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138 completions for the expression. |
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139 |
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140 \row |
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141 \o Code Widget |
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142 \o The code widget shows the code of the currently selected script. |
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143 The widget displays an arrow in the left margin, marking the |
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144 code line that is being executed. |
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145 Clicking in the margin of a line will cause a breakpoint to be |
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146 toggled at that line. A breakpoint has to be set on a line that |
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147 contains an actual statement in order to be useful.When an uncaught script exception occurs, the |
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148 offending line will be shown with a red background. |
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149 |
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150 The code widget is read-only; it cannot currently be used to edit |
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151 and (re)evaluate scripts. This is however possible from the |
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152 command-line interface, see \l{Console Command Reference}. |
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153 |
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154 \row |
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155 \o Scripts Widget |
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156 |
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157 \o The scripts widget shows the scripts that are currently loaded in |
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158 the script engine. Clicking on a script will cause its code to be |
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159 shown in the code widget. When a script is no longer referenced by |
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160 the debugger target it is removed from the scripts widget. Code |
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161 evaluated through QScriptEngine::evaluate() without a name specified, will be |
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162 displayed in the widget as Anonymous. |
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163 |
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164 \row |
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165 \o Breakpoints Widget |
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166 |
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167 \o The breakpoints widget shows all the breakpoints that are set. A |
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168 breakpoint can be disabled or enabled by clicking the checkbox next |
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169 to the breakpoint's ID (the ID is provided so that the breakpoint |
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170 can be manipulated through the console widget as well). |
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171 |
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172 A condition can be associated with the breakpoint; the condition can |
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173 be an arbitrary expression that should evaluate to true or |
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174 false. The breakpoint will only be triggered when its location is |
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175 reached \bold{and} the condition evaluates to true. |
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176 |
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177 Similarly, if the breakpoint's ignore-count is set to N, the |
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178 breakpoint will be ignored the next N times it is hit. |
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179 |
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180 A new breakpoint can be set by clicking the New Breakpoint button |
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181 and typing in a location of the form <filename>\bold{:}<linenumber>. |
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182 The breakpoint location can refer to an already loaded script, or |
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183 one that has not been loaded yet. |
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184 |
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185 \row |
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186 \o Debug Output Widget |
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187 \o The debug output widget shows messages generated by the print() |
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188 script function. Scripts can use the special variables \c{__FILE__} |
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189 and \c{__LINE__} to include the current location information in the |
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190 messages. |
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191 |
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192 \row |
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193 \o Error Log Widget |
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194 \o The error log widget shows error messages that have been generated. |
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195 All uncaught exceptions that occur in the engine will appear here. |
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196 |
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197 \endtable |
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198 |
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199 \section2 Resuming Script Evaluation |
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200 |
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201 Script evaluation can be resumed in one of the following ways: |
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202 |
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203 \list |
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204 \o \bold{Continue}: Evaluation will resume normally. |
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205 \o \bold{Step Into}: Evaluation will resume until the next statement is reached. |
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206 \o \bold{Step Over}: Evaluation will resume until the next statement is reached; |
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207 but if the current statement is a function call, the debugger |
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208 will treat it as a single statement. |
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209 \o \bold{Step Out}: Evaluation will resume until the current function exits and |
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210 the next statement is reached. |
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211 \o \bold{Run to Cursor}: Run until the statement at the cursor is reached. |
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212 \o \bold{Run to New Script}: Run until the first statement of a new script is reached. |
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213 \endlist |
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214 |
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215 In any case, script evaluation can also be stopped due to either of the |
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216 following reasons: |
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217 |
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218 \list |
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219 \o A \c{debugger} statement is encountered. |
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220 \o A breakpoint is hit. |
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221 \o An uncaught script exception occurs. |
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222 \endlist |
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223 |
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224 \section2 Resuming After an Uncaught Exception |
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225 |
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226 When an uncaught script exception occurs, it is not possible to |
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227 continue evaluating the current function normally. However, you can |
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228 use the console command \bold{return} to catch the exception and |
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229 return a value to the calling function. |
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230 |
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231 \section1 Console Command Reference |
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232 |
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233 Note that you can also get help on the available commands by typing |
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234 ".help" in the console. |
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235 |
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236 \section2 Breakpoint-related Commands |
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237 |
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238 Break points is set |
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239 |
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240 \section3 break <location> |
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241 |
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242 Sets a breakpoint at a given code line. |
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243 |
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244 \code |
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245 .break foo.qs:123 |
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246 \endcode |
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247 |
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248 This command sets a breakpoint at \c{foo.qs}, line 123. |
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249 |
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250 \code |
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251 .break 123 |
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252 \endcode |
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253 |
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254 This command sets a breakpoint at line 123 in the current script; the current script |
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255 is the script associated with the current stack frame. |
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256 |
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257 Each breakpoint has a unique identifier (an integer) associated with it. |
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258 This identifier is needed by other breakpoint-related commands. |
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259 |
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260 \section3 clear <location> |
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261 |
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262 \code |
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263 .clear foo.qs:123 |
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264 \endcode |
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265 |
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266 clears (deletes) the breakpoint at \c{foo.qs}, line 123. |
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267 |
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268 \code |
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269 clear 123 |
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270 \endcode |
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271 |
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272 clears (deletes) the breakpoint at line 123 in the current script; |
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273 the current script is the script associated with the current stack |
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274 frame. |
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275 |
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276 \section3 condition <breakpoint-id> <expression> |
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277 |
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278 Sets a condition for a breakpoint. |
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279 |
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280 \code |
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281 .condition 1 i > 42 |
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282 \endcode |
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283 |
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284 specifies that breakpoint 1 should only be triggered if the variable \c{i} |
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285 is greater than 42. |
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286 |
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287 The expression can be an arbitrary one, i.e. it can have |
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288 side-effects. It can be any valid QScript conditional |
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289 expression. |
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290 |
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291 \section3 delete <breakpoint-id> |
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292 |
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293 Deletes a breakpoint, i.e., removes it from the current debugging |
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294 session. |
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295 |
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296 \section3 disable <breakpoint-id> |
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297 |
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298 Disables a breakpoint. The breakpoint will continue to exist, but |
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299 will not stop program execution. |
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300 |
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301 \section3 enable <breakpoint-id> |
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302 |
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303 Enables a breakpoint. Breakpoints are enabled by default, so you |
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304 only need to use this command if you have disabled to breakpoint |
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305 previously. |
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306 |
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307 \section3 ignore <breakpoint-id> <count> |
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308 |
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309 Sets the ignore-count of a breakpoint, i.e., the breakpoint will not |
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310 stop the program execution unless it have been reached \c count |
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311 times. This can, for instance, be useful in loops to stop at a |
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312 specific iteration. |
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313 |
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314 \code |
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315 .ignore 1 5 |
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316 \endcode |
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317 |
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318 Specifies that breakpoint 1 should be ignored the next 5 times it is |
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319 hit. |
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320 |
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321 \section3 info breakpoints |
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322 |
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323 Lists the breakpoints that are set. |
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324 |
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325 \code |
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326 .info breakpoints |
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327 \endcode |
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328 |
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329 \section3 tbreak <location> |
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330 |
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331 Sets a temporary breakpoint. This command is identical to the |
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332 \c{break} command, only the breakpoint will be automatically deleted |
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333 the first time it is hit. |
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334 |
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335 \section2 File-related Commands |
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336 |
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337 \section3 list <location> |
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338 |
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339 Lists the contents of a script around a given location, where the |
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340 location is given as a line number and, optionally, the name of the |
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341 file from which you will print. If only a line number is given, \c |
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342 {.list} will use the file of the current stack frame. |
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343 |
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344 \code |
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345 .list foo.qs:125 |
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346 \endcode |
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347 |
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348 When no arguments are given, \c{list} will incrementally list |
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349 sections of the current script. |
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350 |
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351 \section3 info scripts |
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352 |
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353 Lists the scripts that are currently loaded. |
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354 |
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355 \section2 Execution-related Commands |
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356 |
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357 \section3 advance <location> |
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358 |
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359 Advances execution to a given location. The syntax of the location |
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360 is the same as for setting breakpoints. For example: |
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361 |
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362 \code |
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363 .advance foo.qs:125 |
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364 \endcode |
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365 |
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366 \section3 continue |
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367 |
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368 Continues execution normally, i.e, gives the execution control over |
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369 the script back to the QScriptEngine. |
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370 |
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371 \section3 eval <program> |
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372 |
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373 Evaluates a program. |
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374 |
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375 \section3 finish |
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376 |
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377 Continues execution until the current function exits and the next |
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378 statement is reached (i.e., the statement after the call to the |
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379 function). |
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380 |
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381 \section3 interrupt |
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382 |
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383 Requests that execution should be interrupted. Interruption will |
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384 occur as soon as a new script statement is reached. |
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385 |
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386 \section3 next <count = 1> |
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387 |
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388 Continues execution until a new statement is reached; but if the |
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389 current statement is a function call, the function call will be |
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390 treated as a single statement. This will be done \c count times |
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391 before execution is stopped; the default is one. |
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392 |
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393 \section3 return <expression> |
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394 |
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395 Makes the current frame return to its caller. If \c expression is |
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396 given, it will sent as the result of the function (i.e., replacing |
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397 the functions return value). \c expression can be any valid QScript |
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398 expression. |
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399 |
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400 \section3 step <count = 1> |
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401 |
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402 Continues execution until a new statement is reached. If the number |
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403 \c count is given as argument, this will be done \c count times |
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404 before execution is stopped. As opposed to \l{next <count = 1>}, \c |
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405 step will enter functions when encountering a function call |
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406 statement. |
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407 |
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408 \section2 Stack-related Commands |
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409 |
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410 \section3 backtrace |
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411 |
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412 Shows a backtrace of the current execution. The trace will list the |
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413 function name and its position in the script for each stack frame. |
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414 |
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415 \section3 down |
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416 |
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417 Selects the previous (inner) stack frame. The execution will not |
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418 return to this frame, but you will get access to its local |
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419 variables. |
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420 |
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421 \section3 frame <index> |
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422 |
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423 This command moves to the stack frame with the given \c index. The |
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424 index of the frame on the top of the stack is 0. Previous frames are |
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425 numbered from 1 and upwards (the bottom frame in the stack has the |
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426 largest index). |
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427 |
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428 \section3 info locals |
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429 |
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430 Lists the variables that are in the scope of the current frame. |
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431 |
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432 \section3 up |
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433 |
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434 Selects the next (outer) stack frame. |
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435 |
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436 */ |