author | Dominic Pinkman <Dominic.Pinkman@Nokia.com> |
Fri, 22 Jan 2010 18:26:19 +0000 | |
changeset 1 | 25a17d01db0c |
child 3 | 46218c8b8afa |
permissions | -rw-r--r-- |
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> |
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<!-- Copyright (c) 2007-2010 Nokia Corporation and/or its subsidiary(-ies) All rights reserved. --> |
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<!-- This component and the accompanying materials are made available under the terms of the License |
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"Eclipse Public License v1.0" which accompanies this distribution, |
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and is available at the URL "http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html". --> |
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<!-- Initial Contributors: |
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Nokia Corporation - initial contribution. |
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Contributors: |
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--> |
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<!DOCTYPE concept |
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PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DITA Concept//EN" "concept.dtd"> |
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<concept id="GUID-2E42E7EA-FED8-522C-8A5F-F65D799476C9" xml:lang="en"><title>Keyboard |
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Driver Implementation Tutorial</title><shortdesc/><prolog><metadata><keywords/></metadata></prolog><conbody> |
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<p>This topic describes how to implement an interrupt driven keyboard driver. </p> |
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<p>The steps are: </p> |
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<ul> |
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<li id="GUID-BC3A7259-A750-5D5F-8363-6F8BBC03E8EB"><p>Implement the driver |
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entry point function and initialisation code. This function is called when |
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the extension is loaded. </p> <p>The initialisation code binds the hardware |
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interrupt to the Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) and enables the interrupt. </p> </li> |
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<li id="GUID-3A050F21-FE10-5C0F-8BFE-C44692C0BDE2"><p>Implement an ISR to |
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handle key events. The ISR queues a keyboard DFC. </p> </li> |
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<li id="GUID-6580FC61-3D9E-5370-88AD-50CC1FB28E5F"><p>Implement a keyboard |
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DFC. This function interrogates the keyboard, converts the scancode to a keypress |
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event, and places it onto the kernel's event queue. </p> </li> |
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</ul> |
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<section id="GUID-B4B6A6C6-39D0-49FC-A630-1979368056B0"><title>Set Up</title> <p>In the template reference board port, the <filepath>.mmp</filepath> file |
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for the keyboard driver is <filepath>...\template_variant\exkey_inttemplate.mmp</filepath>. |
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This is one of the PRJ_MMPFILES referenced in the template variant's <filepath>bld.inf</filepath> file |
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in the <filepath>...\template_variant\...</filepath> directory, and means |
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that the keyboard driver is built as part of the Variant. </p> <p>The source |
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for the driver is contained entirely within <filepath>...\template_variant\specific\keyboard_interrupt.cpp</filepath>. </p> <p>The |
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driver is defined as a kernel extension and is loaded early in the boot sequence. </p> </section> |
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<section id="GUID-547A2791-82D8-4C86-86E6-B4B9CEF04E3B"><title>Entry point implementation</title> <p>The driver functionality |
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is encapsulated by the <codeph>DKeyboardTemplate</codeph> class, and an instance |
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of this is created when the extension is loaded. </p> <p>As the driver is |
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a kernel extension, it must have a <codeph>DECLARE_STANDARD_EXTENSION()</codeph> statement. |
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In the template port, this is implemented: </p> <codeblock id="GUID-69F707CF-642D-5D03-AC78-4914549C4413" xml:space="preserve">DECLARE_STANDARD_EXTENSION() |
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{ |
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__KTRACE_OPT(KEXTENSION,Kern::Printf("Starting keyboard driver")); |
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// create keyboard driver |
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TInt r=KErrNoMemory; |
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DKeyboardTemplate* pK=new DKeyboardTemplate; |
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if (pK) |
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r=pK->Create(); |
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__KTRACE_OPT(KEXTENSION,Kern::Printf("Returns %d",r)); |
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return r; |
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} |
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|
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</codeblock> <p>It simply creates an instance of the <codeph>DKeyboardTemplate</codeph> class |
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and then performs a second-phase initialisation, which is a common pattern |
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in Symbian platform and third party applications. </p> <p><b>Initialisation |
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on construction</b> </p> <p>The constructor of the <codeph>DKeyboardTemplate</codeph> class |
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has the following signature: </p> <codeblock id="GUID-5D247843-FF8C-5157-8BE5-53B5883F00B2" xml:space="preserve">DKeyboardTemplate::DKeyboardTemplate() |
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: DPowerHandler(KLitKeyboard), |
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iMsgQ(rxMsg,this,NULL,1), |
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iPowerUpDfc(PowerUpDfcFn,this,6), |
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iPowerDownDfc(PowerDownDfcFn,this,7), |
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iEventDfc(EventDfcFn,this,1) |
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{ |
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} |
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</codeblock> <p>See also <xref href="GUID-3C34724F-B476-5329-B0B1-6D5A34294979.dita">Interrupt |
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Dispatcher Tutorial</xref>. </p> </section> |
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<section id="GUID-F11265AA-D280-4B4E-92DA-38F12E7D5E30"><title> Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) implementation</title> <p>The |
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ISR (Interrupt Service Routine) just schedules the DFC that handles the keypress. |
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On the template reference board, this is implemented as: </p> <codeblock id="GUID-866CEA65-78AC-5A2C-AF08-29DF8FE53DD5" xml:space="preserve">void DKeyboardTemplate::Isr(TAny* aPtr) |
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{ |
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DKeyboardTemplate& k=*(DKeyboardTemplate*)aPtr; |
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Interrupt::Disable(KIntIdKeyboard); |
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k.iEventDfc.Add(); |
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} |
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</codeblock> <p>The ISR disables the keyboard interrupt, as repeated ISRs |
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are not allowed to queue further DFC routines. </p> </section> |
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<section id="GUID-E53E0FE1-3100-4B8B-BE90-250C1BDDE15C"><title>DFC function implementation</title> <p>The DFC is the function <codeph>DKeyboardTemplate::EventDfcFn</codeph> which |
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is implemented as a call to <codeph>DKeyboardTemplate::EventDfc()</codeph>. </p> <codeblock id="GUID-2A1B334A-441E-57C3-B40C-603D992F934F" xml:space="preserve">void DKeyboardTemplate::EventDfcFn(TAny* aPtr) |
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{ |
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((DKeyboardTemplate*)aPtr)->EventDfc(); |
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} |
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void DKeyboardTemplate::EventDfc() |
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{ |
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__KTRACE_OPT(KHARDWARE,Kern::Printf("DKeyboardTemplate::EventDfc")); |
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TInt irq=NKern::DisableAllInterrupts(); |
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while (IsKeyReady()) // while there are keys in the controller's output buffer |
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{ |
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NKern::RestoreInterrupts(irq); |
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TRawEvent e; |
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TUint keyCode=GetKeyCode(); // Read keycodes from controller |
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__KTRACE_OPT(KHARDWARE,Kern::Printf("#%02x",keyCode)); |
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// |
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// TO DO: (mandatory) |
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// |
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// Convert from hardware scancode to EPOC scancode and send the scancode as an event (key pressed or released) |
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// as per below EXAMPLE ONLY: |
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// |
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TUint bareCode=keyCode&~KFlagKeyPressed; |
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TUint8 stdKey=convertCode[bareCode]; |
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if (keyCode&KFlagKeyPressed) |
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e.Set(TRawEvent::EKeyUp,stdKey,0); |
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else |
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e.Set(TRawEvent::EKeyDown,stdKey,0); |
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Kern::AddEvent(e); |
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NKern::Sleep(1); // pause before reading more keycodes |
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irq=NKern::DisableAllInterrupts(); |
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} |
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Interrupt::Enable(KIntIdKeyboard); |
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NKern::RestoreInterrupts(irq); |
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}</codeblock> <p>This: </p> <ul> |
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<li id="GUID-8A202894-34F8-5E7B-B791-20D4B6C8B914"><p>reads the scan code |
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data by calling <codeph>DKeyboardTemplate::GetKeyCode()</codeph> </p> </li> |
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<li id="GUID-D553B662-F60C-575F-893D-347A9344F9B9"><p>re-enables the keyboard |
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interrupt, now that the DFC has freed up the input data register </p> </li> |
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<li id="GUID-BFC75E95-A9AE-584E-8A17-CCAF9C2F5913"><p>translates the keypress |
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event into a Symbian scancode </p> </li> |
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<li id="GUID-20BC22AF-C58C-56DC-B777-B5C8681668D6"><p>puts the translated |
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event on to the event queue. </p> </li> |
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</ul> </section> |
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<section id="GUID-437735D9-916C-4308-913C-3839CC7F0002"><title>See also</title> <p> <xref href="GUID-EB76FAF8-CD4B-5CB6-9F23-C852ED91866F.dita">Concepts</xref> </p> </section> |
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</conbody></concept> |