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<concept xml:lang="en" id="GUID-1277D793-4A0A-50A7-9414-AEE93E906E80"><title>Sockets Server Architecture</title><prolog><metadata><keywords/></metadata></prolog><conbody><p>This section describes the architecture of the Sockets Server and the framework that implements sockets in Symbian OS. </p> <p>The sockets are similar in concept to Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) sockets from the University of California at Berkeley. The sockets provide a generic interface to network level communications protocols for common operations in network computing. Common operations are: </p> <ul><li id="GUID-3CFD5267-2254-5816-9443-E4256579E01D"><p>establish a connection </p> </li> <li id="GUID-C1061692-C402-5EB1-91E9-EEB3BD3410CE"><p>send data </p> </li> <li id="GUID-445FF07E-FC13-589A-B375-DED728F88E06"><p>receive data </p> </li> <li id="GUID-BBC3CE6E-01FA-52E6-BE5E-A53A2E5423AC"><p>configure network protocols </p> </li> </ul> <p>The Sockets Client API provides access to other network facilities. Examples of network facilities are: </p> <ul><li id="GUID-E77E0241-2D8F-531B-93D3-78BD910BCEB4"><p>hostname resolution </p> </li> <li id="GUID-EB93A7E8-33BC-5A82-9CD7-8AB7065CDB1B"><p>service resolution </p> </li> <li id="GUID-439CE845-2A89-5886-81DD-9F3DD0537346"><p>information about protocols </p> </li> <li id="GUID-2AE98676-FEAC-5B49-BB39-1BD635F24FDF"><p>byte manipulation utilities </p> </li> </ul> <section><title>Required Background</title> <p>A working knowledge of socket based communications is recommended in order to understand how Symbian OS implements sockets. </p> <p>A knowledge of the selected protocol is also required if the application is going to set or get values specific to the protocol. For example, the knowledge is required to understand the data returned from <xref href="GUID-EF29C1D7-B1E5-370F-AE37-66231A6BE449.dita#GUID-EF29C1D7-B1E5-370F-AE37-66231A6BE449/GUID-1B597C97-2AEB-32D1-B225-5C1E24F6470F"><apiname>RSocketServ::GetProtocolInfo()</apiname></xref>. The knowledge is also required if the application sets <xref href="GUID-9A20701F-5744-5F5F-BB0C-AB58EFB7D087.dita">Quality of Service</xref> (QoS) values. </p> </section> <section><title>Key Concepts/Terms</title> <p>The Sockets Server starts when Symbian OS starts, and receives requests for socket based communications. If a request is received for a particular protocol, the Sockets Server loads the appropriate protocol modules to handle that request. </p> </section> <section><title>Architectural relationships</title> <p>The Sockets Server provides a generic client interface, and a server to which particular protocol modules can be plugged in. A client uses a particular protocol by supplying protocol-specific parameters to Sockets API functions. </p> <fig id="GUID-253611E8-9893-5261-830F-28B888FFA15B"><title>
             Figure 1 - The Socket Server's position in the Communications
             Framework Architecture. 
          </title> <image href="GUID-8E6FD3FD-64C8-51E0-AFE7-76DC5AB6A254_d0e95877_href.png" placement="inline"/></fig> <p>The TCP/IP API enables clients to use sockets for TCP/IP, including UDP, TCP, ICMP, IPv4, IPv6, ARP, and DNS. </p> <p>The IrDA Sockets API enables clients to use sockets for IrDA infra-red. </p> <p>The Bluetooth Sockets API enables clients to use sockets for Bluetooth. </p> <p>The SMS PRT API provides the GSM SMS Protocol stack and the WAP protocol stack over SMS. </p> </section> <section><title>Historical Note</title> <p>Prior to Symbian OS 9.5, the Sockets Server would load protocol modules to provide protocol functionality. The protocol modules were known as <i>PRT</i> s. Each protocol module could contain several protocols (e.g. the TCP/IP PRT handled UDP, TCP, ICMP, IP (IPv4 and IPv6), and DNS). In Symbian OS 9.5 a new architecture was added as an alternative to the PRT architecture. This new architecture loads several plug-ins for each protocol. </p> <p>In Symbian OS 9.5 all existing PRTs are included and used by the Communications Framework. In future, all PRTs may be replaced with plug-ins for the new architecture. </p> </section> </conbody></concept>