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129 .\" ======================================================================== |
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130 .\" |
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131 .IX Title "GFDL 7" |
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132 .TH GFDL 7 "2005-12-01" "gcc-3.4.5" "GNU" |
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133 .SH "NAME" |
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134 gfdl \- GNU Free Documentation License |
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135 .SH "DESCRIPTION" |
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136 .IX Header "DESCRIPTION" |
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137 .Sh "\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License" |
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138 .IX Subsection "GNU Free Documentation License" |
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139 .Sh "Version 1.2, November 2002" |
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140 .IX Subsection "Version 1.2, November 2002" |
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141 .Vb 2 |
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142 \& Copyright (c) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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143 \& 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA |
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144 .Ve |
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145 .PP |
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146 .Vb 2 |
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147 \& Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies |
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148 \& of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. |
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149 .Ve |
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150 .IP "0." 4 |
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151 \&\s-1PREAMBLE\s0 |
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152 .Sp |
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153 The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other |
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154 functional and useful document \fIfree\fR in the sense of freedom: to |
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155 assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, |
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156 with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. |
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157 Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way |
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158 to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible |
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159 for modifications made by others. |
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160 .Sp |
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161 This License is a kind of ``copyleft'', which means that derivative |
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162 works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It |
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163 complements the \s-1GNU\s0 General Public License, which is a copyleft |
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164 license designed for free software. |
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165 .Sp |
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166 We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free |
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167 software, because free software needs free documentation: a free |
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168 program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the |
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169 software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; |
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170 it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or |
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171 whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License |
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172 principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference. |
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173 .IP "1." 4 |
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174 \&\s-1APPLICABILITY\s0 \s-1AND\s0 \s-1DEFINITIONS\s0 |
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175 .Sp |
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176 This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that |
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177 contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be |
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178 distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a |
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179 world\-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that |
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180 work under the conditions stated herein. The ``Document'', below, |
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181 refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a |
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182 licensee, and is addressed as ``you''. You accept the license if you |
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183 copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission |
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184 under copyright law. |
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185 .Sp |
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186 A ``Modified Version'' of the Document means any work containing the |
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187 Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with |
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188 modifications and/or translated into another language. |
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189 .Sp |
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190 A ``Secondary Section'' is a named appendix or a front-matter section |
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191 of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the |
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192 publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall |
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193 subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall |
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194 directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in |
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195 part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain |
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196 any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical |
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197 connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, |
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198 commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding |
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199 them. |
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200 .Sp |
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201 The ``Invariant Sections'' are certain Secondary Sections whose titles |
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202 are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice |
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203 that says that the Document is released under this License. If a |
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204 section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not |
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205 allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero |
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206 Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant |
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207 Sections then there are none. |
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208 .Sp |
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209 The ``Cover Texts'' are certain short passages of text that are listed, |
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210 as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that |
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211 the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may |
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212 be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words. |
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213 .Sp |
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214 A ``Transparent'' copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, |
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215 represented in a format whose specification is available to the |
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216 general public, that is suitable for revising the document |
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217 straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of |
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218 pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available |
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219 drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or |
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220 for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input |
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221 to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file |
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222 format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart |
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223 or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. |
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224 An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount |
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225 of text. A copy that is not ``Transparent'' is called ``Opaque''. |
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226 .Sp |
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227 Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain |
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228 \&\s-1ASCII\s0 without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input |
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229 format, \f(CW@acronym\fR{\s-1SGML\s0} or \f(CW@acronym\fR{\s-1XML\s0} using a publicly available |
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230 \&\f(CW@acronym\fR{\s-1DTD\s0}, and standard-conforming simple \f(CW@acronym\fR{\s-1HTML\s0}, |
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231 PostScript or \f(CW@acronym\fR{\s-1PDF\s0} designed for human modification. Examples |
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232 of transparent image formats include \f(CW@acronym\fR{\s-1PNG\s0}, \f(CW@acronym\fR{\s-1XCF\s0} and |
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233 \&\f(CW@acronym\fR{\s-1JPG\s0}. Opaque formats include proprietary formats that can be |
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234 read and edited only by proprietary word processors, \f(CW@acronym\fR{\s-1SGML\s0} or |
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235 \&\f(CW@acronym\fR{\s-1XML\s0} for which the \f(CW@acronym\fR{\s-1DTD\s0} and/or processing tools are |
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236 not generally available, and the machine-generated \f(CW@acronym\fR{\s-1HTML\s0}, |
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237 PostScript or \f(CW@acronym\fR{\s-1PDF\s0} produced by some word processors for |
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238 output purposes only. |
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239 .Sp |
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240 The ``Title Page'' means, for a printed book, the title page itself, |
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241 plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material |
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242 this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in |
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243 formats which do not have any title page as such, ``Title Page'' means |
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244 the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title, |
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245 preceding the beginning of the body of the text. |
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246 .Sp |
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247 A section ``Entitled \s-1XYZ\s0'' means a named subunit of the Document whose |
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248 title either is precisely \s-1XYZ\s0 or contains \s-1XYZ\s0 in parentheses following |
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249 text that translates \s-1XYZ\s0 in another language. (Here \s-1XYZ\s0 stands for a |
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250 specific section name mentioned below, such as ``Acknowledgements'', |
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251 ``Dedications'', ``Endorsements'', or ``History''.) To ``Preserve the Title'' |
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252 of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a |
|
253 section ``Entitled \s-1XYZ\s0'' according to this definition. |
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254 .Sp |
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255 The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which |
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256 states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty |
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257 Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this |
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258 License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other |
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259 implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has |
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260 no effect on the meaning of this License. |
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261 .IP "2." 4 |
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262 \&\s-1VERBATIM\s0 \s-1COPYING\s0 |
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263 .Sp |
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264 You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either |
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265 commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the |
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266 copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies |
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267 to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other |
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268 conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use |
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269 technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further |
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270 copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept |
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271 compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough |
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272 number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3. |
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273 .Sp |
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274 You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and |
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275 you may publicly display copies. |
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276 .IP "3." 4 |
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277 \&\s-1COPYING\s0 \s-1IN\s0 \s-1QUANTITY\s0 |
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278 .Sp |
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279 If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have |
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280 printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the |
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281 Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the |
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282 copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover |
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283 Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on |
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284 the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify |
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285 you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present |
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286 the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and |
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287 visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. |
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288 Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve |
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289 the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated |
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290 as verbatim copying in other respects. |
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291 .Sp |
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292 If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit |
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293 legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit |
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294 reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent |
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295 pages. |
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296 .Sp |
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297 If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering |
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298 more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent |
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299 copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy |
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300 a computer-network location from which the general network-using |
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301 public has access to download using public-standard network protocols |
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302 a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material. |
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303 If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, |
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304 when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure |
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305 that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated |
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306 location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an |
|
307 Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that |
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308 edition to the public. |
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309 .Sp |
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310 It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the |
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311 Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give |
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312 them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document. |
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313 .IP "4." 4 |
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314 \&\s-1MODIFICATIONS\s0 |
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315 .Sp |
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316 You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under |
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317 the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release |
|
318 the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified |
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319 Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution |
|
320 and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy |
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321 of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version: |
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322 .RS 4 |
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323 .IP "A." 4 |
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324 Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct |
|
325 from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions |
|
326 (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section |
|
327 of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version |
|
328 if the original publisher of that version gives permission. |
|
329 .IP "B." 4 |
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330 List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities |
|
331 responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified |
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332 Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the |
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333 Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five), |
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334 unless they release you from this requirement. |
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335 .IP "C." 4 |
|
336 State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the |
|
337 Modified Version, as the publisher. |
|
338 .IP "D." 4 |
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339 Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document. |
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340 .IP "E." 4 |
|
341 Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications |
|
342 adjacent to the other copyright notices. |
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343 .IP "F." 4 |
|
344 Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice |
|
345 giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the |
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346 terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below. |
|
347 .IP "G." 4 |
|
348 Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections |
|
349 and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice. |
|
350 .IP "H." 4 |
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351 Include an unaltered copy of this License. |
|
352 .IP "I." 4 |
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353 Preserve the section Entitled ``History'', Preserve its Title, and add |
|
354 to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and |
|
355 publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If |
|
356 there is no section Entitled ``History'' in the Document, create one |
|
357 stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as |
|
358 given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified |
|
359 Version as stated in the previous sentence. |
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360 .IP "J." 4 |
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361 Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for |
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362 public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise |
|
363 the network locations given in the Document for previous versions |
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364 it was based on. These may be placed in the ``History'' section. |
|
365 You may omit a network location for a work that was published at |
|
366 least four years before the Document itself, or if the original |
|
367 publisher of the version it refers to gives permission. |
|
368 .IP "K." 4 |
|
369 For any section Entitled ``Acknowledgements'' or ``Dedications'', Preserve |
|
370 the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all the |
|
371 substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or |
|
372 dedications given therein. |
|
373 .IP "L." 4 |
|
374 Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, |
|
375 unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers |
|
376 or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles. |
|
377 .IP "M." 4 |
|
378 Delete any section Entitled ``Endorsements''. Such a section |
|
379 may not be included in the Modified Version. |
|
380 .IP "N." 4 |
|
381 Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled ``Endorsements'' or |
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382 to conflict in title with any Invariant Section. |
|
383 .IP "O." 4 |
|
384 Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers. |
|
385 .RE |
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386 .RS 4 |
|
387 .Sp |
|
388 If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or |
|
389 appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material |
|
390 copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all |
|
391 of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the |
|
392 list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. |
|
393 These titles must be distinct from any other section titles. |
|
394 .Sp |
|
395 You may add a section Entitled ``Endorsements'', provided it contains |
|
396 nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various |
|
397 parties\-\-\-for example, statements of peer review or that the text has |
|
398 been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a |
|
399 standard. |
|
400 .Sp |
|
401 You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a |
|
402 passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list |
|
403 of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of |
|
404 Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or |
|
405 through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already |
|
406 includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or |
|
407 by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, |
|
408 you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit |
|
409 permission from the previous publisher that added the old one. |
|
410 .Sp |
|
411 The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License |
|
412 give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or |
|
413 imply endorsement of any Modified Version. |
|
414 .RE |
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415 .IP "5." 4 |
|
416 \&\s-1COMBINING\s0 \s-1DOCUMENTS\s0 |
|
417 .Sp |
|
418 You may combine the Document with other documents released under this |
|
419 License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified |
|
420 versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the |
|
421 Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and |
|
422 list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its |
|
423 license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers. |
|
424 .Sp |
|
425 The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and |
|
426 multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single |
|
427 copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but |
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428 different contents, make the title of each such section unique by |
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429 adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original |
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430 author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. |
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431 Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of |
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432 Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work. |
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433 .Sp |
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434 In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled ``History'' |
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435 in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled |
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436 ``History''; likewise combine any sections Entitled ``Acknowledgements'', |
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437 and any sections Entitled ``Dedications''. You must delete all |
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438 sections Entitled ``Endorsements.'' |
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439 .IP "6." 4 |
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440 \&\s-1COLLECTIONS\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1DOCUMENTS\s0 |
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441 .Sp |
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442 You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents |
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443 released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this |
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444 License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in |
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445 the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for |
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446 verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects. |
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447 .Sp |
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448 You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute |
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449 it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this |
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450 License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all |
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451 other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document. |
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452 .IP "7." 4 |
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453 \&\s-1AGGREGATION\s0 \s-1WITH\s0 \s-1INDEPENDENT\s0 \s-1WORKS\s0 |
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454 .Sp |
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455 A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate |
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456 and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or |
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457 distribution medium, is called an ``aggregate'' if the copyright |
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458 resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights |
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459 of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. |
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460 When the Document is included an aggregate, this License does not |
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461 apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves |
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462 derivative works of the Document. |
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463 .Sp |
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464 If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these |
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465 copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of |
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466 the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on |
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467 covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the |
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468 electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. |
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469 Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole |
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470 aggregate. |
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471 .IP "8." 4 |
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472 \&\s-1TRANSLATION\s0 |
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473 .Sp |
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474 Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may |
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475 distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. |
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476 Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special |
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477 permission from their copyright holders, but you may include |
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478 translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the |
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479 original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a |
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480 translation of this License, and all the license notices in the |
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481 Document, and any Warrany Disclaimers, provided that you also include |
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482 the original English version of this License and the original versions |
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483 of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between |
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484 the translation and the original version of this License or a notice |
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485 or disclaimer, the original version will prevail. |
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486 .Sp |
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487 If a section in the Document is Entitled ``Acknowledgements'', |
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488 ``Dedications'', or ``History'', the requirement (section 4) to Preserve |
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489 its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual |
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490 title. |
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491 .IP "9." 4 |
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492 \&\s-1TERMINATION\s0 |
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493 .Sp |
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494 You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except |
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495 as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to |
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496 copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will |
|
497 automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, |
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498 parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this |
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499 License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such |
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500 parties remain in full compliance. |
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501 .IP "10." 4 |
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502 .IX Item "10." |
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503 \&\s-1FUTURE\s0 \s-1REVISIONS\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1THIS\s0 \s-1LICENSE\s0 |
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504 .Sp |
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505 The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions |
|
506 of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new |
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507 versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may |
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508 differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See |
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509 <\fBhttp://www.gnu.org/copyleft/\fR>. |
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510 .Sp |
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511 Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. |
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512 If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this |
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513 License ``or any later version'' applies to it, you have the option of |
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514 following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or |
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515 of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the |
|
516 Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version |
|
517 number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not |
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518 as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. |
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519 .Sh "\s-1ADDENDUM:\s0 How to use this License for your documents" |
|
520 .IX Subsection "ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents" |
|
521 To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of |
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522 the License in the document and put the following copyright and |
|
523 license notices just after the title page: |
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524 .PP |
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525 .Vb 7 |
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526 \& Copyright (C) <year> <your name>. |
|
527 \& Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document |
|
528 \& under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 |
|
529 \& or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; |
|
530 \& with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. |
|
531 \& A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU |
|
532 \& Free Documentation License''. |
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533 .Ve |
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534 .PP |
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535 If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts, |
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536 replace the ``with...Texts.'' line with this: |
|
537 .PP |
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538 .Vb 3 |
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539 \& with the Invariant Sections being <list their titles>, with |
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540 \& the Front-Cover Texts being <list>, and with the Back-Cover Texts |
|
541 \& being <list>. |
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542 .Ve |
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543 .PP |
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544 If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other |
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545 combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the |
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546 situation. |
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547 .PP |
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548 If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we |
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549 recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of |
|
550 free software license, such as the \s-1GNU\s0 General Public License, |
|
551 to permit their use in free software. |
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552 .SH "SEE ALSO" |
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553 .IX Header "SEE ALSO" |
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554 \&\fIgpl\fR\|(7), \fIfsf\-funding\fR\|(7). |
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555 .SH "COPYRIGHT" |
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556 .IX Header "COPYRIGHT" |
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557 Copyright (c) 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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558 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, \s-1MA\s0 02111\-1307, \s-1USA\s0 |
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559 .PP |
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560 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies |
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561 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. |