/*

** The "printf" code that follows dates from the 1980's.  It is in

** the public domain.  The original comments are included here for

** completeness.  They are very out-of-date but might be useful as

** an historical reference.  Most of the "enhancements" have been backed

** out so that the functionality is now the same as standard printf().

**

** $Id: printf.c,v 1.94 2008/08/22 14:08:36 drh Exp $

**

**************************************************************************

**

** The following modules is an enhanced replacement for the "printf" subroutines

** found in the standard C library.  The following enhancements are

** supported:

**

**      +  Additional functions.  The standard set of "printf" functions

**         includes printf, fprintf, sprintf, vprintf, vfprintf, and

**         vsprintf.  This module adds the following:

**

**           *  snprintf -- Works like sprintf, but has an extra argument

**                          which is the size of the buffer written to.

**

**           *  mprintf --  Similar to sprintf.  Writes output to memory

**                          obtained from malloc.

**

**           *  xprintf --  Calls a function to dispose of output.

**

**           *  nprintf --  No output, but returns the number of characters

**                          that would have been output by printf.

**

**           *  A v- version (ex: vsnprintf) of every function is also

**              supplied.

**

**      +  A few extensions to the formatting notation are supported:

**

**           *  The "=" flag (similar to "-") causes the output to be

**              be centered in the appropriately sized field.

**

**           *  The %b field outputs an integer in binary notation.

**

**           *  The %c field now accepts a precision.  The character output

**              is repeated by the number of times the precision specifies.

**

**           *  The %' field works like %c, but takes as its character the

**              next character of the format string, instead of the next

**              argument.  For example,  printf("%.78'-")  prints 78 minus

**              signs, the same as  printf("%.78c",'-').

**

**      +  When compiled using GCC on a SPARC, this version of printf is

**         faster than the library printf for SUN OS 4.1.

**

**      +  All functions are fully reentrant.

**

*/

#include "sqliteInt.h"

/*

** Conversion types fall into various categories as defined by the

** following enumeration.

*/

#define etRADIX       1 /* Integer types.  %d, %x, %o, and so forth */

#define etFLOAT       2 /* Floating point.  %f */

#define etEXP         3 /* Exponentional notation. %e and %E */

#define etGENERIC     4 /* Floating or exponential, depending on exponent. %g */

#define etSIZE        5 /* Return number of characters processed so far. %n */

#define etSTRING      6 /* Strings. %s */

#define etDYNSTRING   7 /* Dynamically allocated strings. %z */

#define etPERCENT     8 /* Percent symbol. %% */

#define etCHARX       9 /* Characters. %c */

/* The rest are extensions, not normally found in printf() */

#define etSQLESCAPE  10 /* Strings with '\'' doubled.  %q */

#define etSQLESCAPE2 11 /* Strings with '\'' doubled and enclosed in '',

                          NULL pointers replaced by SQL NULL.  %Q */

#define etTOKEN      12 /* a pointer to a Token structure */

#define etSRCLIST    13 /* a pointer to a SrcList */

#define etPOINTER    14 /* The %p conversion */

#define etSQLESCAPE3 15 /* %w -> Strings with '\"' doubled */

#define etORDINAL    16 /* %r -> 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, etc.  English only */

/*

** An "etByte" is an 8-bit unsigned value.

*/

typedef unsigned char etByte;

/*

** Each builtin conversion character (ex: the 'd' in "%d") is described

** by an instance of the following structure

*/

typedef struct et_info {   /* Information about each format field */

  char fmttype;            /* The format field code letter */

  etByte base;             /* The base for radix conversion */

  etByte flags;            /* One or more of FLAG_ constants below */

  etByte type;             /* Conversion paradigm */

  etByte charset;          /* Offset into aDigits[] of the digits string */

  etByte prefix;           /* Offset into aPrefix[] of the prefix string */

} et_info;

/*

** Allowed values for et_info.flags

*/

#define FLAG_SIGNED  1     /* True if the value to convert is signed */

#define FLAG_INTERN  2     /* True if for internal use only */

#define FLAG_STRING  4     /* Allow infinity precision */

/*

** The following table is searched linearly, so it is good to put the

** most frequently used conversion types first.

*/

static const char aDigits[] = "0123456789ABCDEF0123456789abcdef";

static const char aPrefix[] = "-x0\000X0";

static const et_info fmtinfo[] = {

  {  'd', 10, 1, etRADIX,      0,  0 },

  {  's',  0, 4, etSTRING,     0,  0 },

  {  'g',  0, 1, etGENERIC,    30, 0 },

  {  'z',  0, 4, etDYNSTRING,  0,  0 },

  {  'q',  0, 4, etSQLESCAPE,  0,  0 },

  {  'Q',  0, 4, etSQLESCAPE2, 0,  0 },

  {  'w',  0, 4, etSQLESCAPE3, 0,  0 },

  {  'c',  0, 0, etCHARX,      0,  0 },

  {  'o',  8, 0, etRADIX,      0,  2 },

  {  'u', 10, 0, etRADIX,      0,  0 },

  {  'x', 16, 0, etRADIX,      16, 1 },

  {  'X', 16, 0, etRADIX,      0,  4 },

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT

  {  'f',  0, 1, etFLOAT,      0,  0 },

  {  'e',  0, 1, etEXP,        30, 0 },

  {  'E',  0, 1, etEXP,        14, 0 },

  {  'G',  0, 1, etGENERIC,    14, 0 },

#endif

  {  'i', 10, 1, etRADIX,      0,  0 },

  {  'n',  0, 0, etSIZE,       0,  0 },

  {  '%',  0, 0, etPERCENT,    0,  0 },

  {  'p', 16, 0, etPOINTER,    0,  1 },

  {  'T',  0, 2, etTOKEN,      0,  0 },

  {  'S',  0, 2, etSRCLIST,    0,  0 },

  {  'r', 10, 3, etORDINAL,    0,  0 },

};

#define etNINFO  (sizeof(fmtinfo)/sizeof(fmtinfo[0]))

/*

** If SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT is defined, then none of the floating point

** conversions will work.

*/

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT

/*

** "*val" is a double such that 0.1 <= *val < 10.0

** Return the ascii code for the leading digit of *val, then

** multiply "*val" by 10.0 to renormalize.

**

** Example:

**     input:     *val = 3.14159

**     output:    *val = 1.4159    function return = '3'

**

** The counter *cnt is incremented each time.  After counter exceeds

** 16 (the number of significant digits in a 64-bit float) '0' is

** always returned.

*/

static int et_getdigit(LONGDOUBLE_TYPE *val, int *cnt){

  int digit;

  LONGDOUBLE_TYPE d;

  if( (*cnt)++ >= 16 ) return '0';

  digit = (int)*val;

  d = digit;

  digit += '0';

  *val = (*val - d)*10.0;

  return digit;

}

#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT */

/*

** Append N space characters to the given string buffer.

*/

static void appendSpace(StrAccum *pAccum, int N){

  static const char zSpaces[] = "                             ";

  while( N>=sizeof(zSpaces)-1 ){

    sqlite3StrAccumAppend(pAccum, zSpaces, sizeof(zSpaces)-1);

    N -= sizeof(zSpaces)-1;

  }

  if( N>0 ){

    sqlite3StrAccumAppend(pAccum, zSpaces, N);

  }

}

/*

** On machines with a small stack size, you can redefine the

** SQLITE_PRINT_BUF_SIZE to be less than 350.  But beware - for

** smaller values some %f conversions may go into an infinite loop.

*/

#ifndef SQLITE_PRINT_BUF_SIZE

# define SQLITE_PRINT_BUF_SIZE 350

#endif

#define etBUFSIZE SQLITE_PRINT_BUF_SIZE  /* Size of the output buffer */

/*

** The root program.  All variations call this core.

**

** INPUTS:

**   func   This is a pointer to a function taking three arguments

**            1. A pointer to anything.  Same as the "arg" parameter.

**            2. A pointer to the list of characters to be output

**               (Note, this list is NOT null terminated.)

**            3. An integer number of characters to be output.

**               (Note: This number might be zero.)

**

**   arg    This is the pointer to anything which will be passed as the

**          first argument to "func".  Use it for whatever you like.

**

**   fmt    This is the format string, as in the usual print.

**

**   ap     This is a pointer to a list of arguments.  Same as in

**          vfprint.

**

** OUTPUTS:

**          The return value is the total number of characters sent to

**          the function "func".  Returns -1 on a error.

**

** Note that the order in which automatic variables are declared below

** seems to make a big difference in determining how fast this beast

** will run.

*/

void sqlite3VXPrintf(

  StrAccum *pAccum,                  /* Accumulate results here */

  int useExtended,                   /* Allow extended %-conversions */

  const char *fmt,                   /* Format string */

  va_list ap                         /* arguments */

){

  int c;                     /* Next character in the format string */

  char *bufpt;               /* Pointer to the conversion buffer */

  int precision;             /* Precision of the current field */

  int length;                /* Length of the field */

  int idx;                   /* A general purpose loop counter */

  int width;                 /* Width of the current field */

  etByte flag_leftjustify;   /* True if "-" flag is present */

  etByte flag_plussign;      /* True if "+" flag is present */

  etByte flag_blanksign;     /* True if " " flag is present */

  etByte flag_alternateform; /* True if "#" flag is present */

  etByte flag_altform2;      /* True if "!" flag is present */

  etByte flag_zeropad;       /* True if field width constant starts with zero */

  etByte flag_long;          /* True if "l" flag is present */

  etByte flag_longlong;      /* True if the "ll" flag is present */

  etByte done;               /* Loop termination flag */

  sqlite_uint64 longvalue;   /* Value for integer types */

  LONGDOUBLE_TYPE realvalue; /* Value for real types */

  const et_info *infop;      /* Pointer to the appropriate info structure */

  char buf[etBUFSIZE];       /* Conversion buffer */

  char prefix;               /* Prefix character.  "+" or "-" or " " or '\0'. */

  etByte xtype;              /* Conversion paradigm */

  char *zExtra;              /* Extra memory used for etTCLESCAPE conversions */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT

  int  exp, e2;              /* exponent of real numbers */

  double rounder;            /* Used for rounding floating point values */

  etByte flag_dp;            /* True if decimal point should be shown */

  etByte flag_rtz;           /* True if trailing zeros should be removed */

  etByte flag_exp;           /* True to force display of the exponent */

  int nsd;                   /* Number of significant digits returned */

#endif

  length = 0;

  bufpt = 0;

  for(; (c=(*fmt))!=0; ++fmt){

    if( c!='%' ){

      int amt;

      bufpt = (char *)fmt;

      amt = 1;

      while( (c=(*++fmt))!='%' && c!=0 ) amt++;

      sqlite3StrAccumAppend(pAccum, bufpt, amt);

      if( c==0 ) break;

    }

    if( (c=(*++fmt))==0 ){

      sqlite3StrAccumAppend(pAccum, "%", 1);

      break;

    }

    /* Find out what flags are present */

    flag_leftjustify = flag_plussign = flag_blanksign = 

     flag_alternateform = flag_altform2 = flag_zeropad = 0;

    done = 0;

    do{

      switch( c ){

        case '-':   flag_leftjustify = 1;     break;

        case '+':   flag_plussign = 1;        break;

        case ' ':   flag_blanksign = 1;       break;

        case '#':   flag_alternateform = 1;   break;

        case '!':   flag_altform2 = 1;        break;

        case '0':   flag_zeropad = 1;         break;

        default:    done = 1;                 break;

      }

    }while( !done && (c=(*++fmt))!=0 );

    /* Get the field width */

    width = 0;

    if( c=='*' ){

      width = va_arg(ap,int);

      if( width<0 ){

        flag_leftjustify = 1;

        width = -width;

      }

      c = *++fmt;

    }else{

      while( c>='0' && c<='9' ){

        width = width*10 + c - '0';

        c = *++fmt;

      }

    }

    if( width > etBUFSIZE-10 ){

      width = etBUFSIZE-10;

    }

    /* Get the precision */

    if( c=='.' ){

      precision = 0;

      c = *++fmt;

      if( c=='*' ){

        precision = va_arg(ap,int);

        if( precision<0 ) precision = -precision;

        c = *++fmt;

      }else{

        while( c>='0' && c<='9' ){

          precision = precision*10 + c - '0';

          c = *++fmt;

        }

      }

    }else{

      precision = -1;

    }

    /* Get the conversion type modifier */

    if( c=='l' ){

      flag_long = 1;

      c = *++fmt;

      if( c=='l' ){

        flag_longlong = 1;

        c = *++fmt;

      }else{

        flag_longlong = 0;

      }

    }else{

      flag_long = flag_longlong = 0;

    }

    /* Fetch the info entry for the field */

    infop = 0;

    for(idx=0; idx<etNINFO; idx++){

      if( c==fmtinfo[idx].fmttype ){

        infop = &fmtinfo[idx];

        if( useExtended || (infop->flags & FLAG_INTERN)==0 ){

          xtype = infop->type;

        }else{

          return;

        }

        break;

      }

    }

    zExtra = 0;

    if( infop==0 ){

      return;

    }

    /* Limit the precision to prevent overflowing buf[] during conversion */

    if( precision>etBUFSIZE-40 && (infop->flags & FLAG_STRING)==0 ){

      precision = etBUFSIZE-40;

    }

    /*

    ** At this point, variables are initialized as follows:

    **

    **   flag_alternateform          TRUE if a '#' is present.

    **   flag_altform2               TRUE if a '!' is present.

    **   flag_plussign               TRUE if a '+' is present.

    **   flag_leftjustify            TRUE if a '-' is present or if the

    **                               field width was negative.

    **   flag_zeropad                TRUE if the width began with 0.

    **   flag_long                   TRUE if the letter 'l' (ell) prefixed

    **                               the conversion character.

    **   flag_longlong               TRUE if the letter 'll' (ell ell) prefixed

    **                               the conversion character.

    **   flag_blanksign              TRUE if a ' ' is present.

    **   width                       The specified field width.  This is

    **                               always non-negative.  Zero is the default.

    **   precision                   The specified precision.  The default

    **                               is -1.

    **   xtype                       The class of the conversion.

    **   infop                       Pointer to the appropriate info struct.

    */

    switch( xtype ){

      case etPOINTER:

        flag_longlong = sizeof(char*)==sizeof(i64);

        flag_long = sizeof(char*)==sizeof(long int);

        /* Fall through into the next case */

      case etORDINAL:

      case etRADIX:

        if( infop->flags & FLAG_SIGNED ){

          i64 v;

          if( flag_longlong )   v = va_arg(ap,i64);

          else if( flag_long )  v = va_arg(ap,long int);

          else                  v = va_arg(ap,int);

          if( v<0 ){

            longvalue = -v;

            prefix = '-';

          }else{

            longvalue = v;

            if( flag_plussign )        prefix = '+';

            else if( flag_blanksign )  prefix = ' ';

            else                       prefix = 0;

          }

        }else{

          if( flag_longlong )   longvalue = va_arg(ap,u64);

          else if( flag_long )  longvalue = va_arg(ap,unsigned long int);

          else                  longvalue = va_arg(ap,unsigned int);

          prefix = 0;

        }

        if( longvalue==0 ) flag_alternateform = 0;

        if( flag_zeropad && precision<width-(prefix!=0) ){

          precision = width-(prefix!=0);

        }

        bufpt = &buf[etBUFSIZE-1];

        if( xtype==etORDINAL ){

          static const char zOrd[] = "thstndrd";

          int x = longvalue % 10;

          if( x>=4 || (longvalue/10)%10==1 ){

            x = 0;

          }

          buf[etBUFSIZE-3] = zOrd[x*2];

          buf[etBUFSIZE-2] = zOrd[x*2+1];

          bufpt -= 2;

        }

        {

          register const char *cset;      /* Use registers for speed */

          register int base;

          cset = &aDigits[infop->charset];

          base = infop->base;

          do{                                           /* Convert to ascii */

            *(--bufpt) = cset[longvalue%base];

            longvalue = longvalue/base;

          }while( longvalue>0 );

        }

        length = &buf[etBUFSIZE-1]-bufpt;

        for(idx=precision-length; idx>0; idx--){

          *(--bufpt) = '0';                             /* Zero pad */

        }

        if( prefix ) *(--bufpt) = prefix;               /* Add sign */

        if( flag_alternateform && infop->prefix ){      /* Add "0" or "0x" */

          const char *pre;

          char x;

          pre = &aPrefix[infop->prefix];

          for(; (x=(*pre))!=0; pre++) *(--bufpt) = x;

        }

        length = &buf[etBUFSIZE-1]-bufpt;

        break;

      case etFLOAT:

      case etEXP:

      case etGENERIC:

        realvalue = va_arg(ap,double);

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT

        if( precision<0 ) precision = 6;         /* Set default precision */

        if( precision>etBUFSIZE/2-10 ) precision = etBUFSIZE/2-10;

        if( realvalue<0.0 ){

          realvalue = -realvalue;

          prefix = '-';

        }else{

          if( flag_plussign )          prefix = '+';

          else if( flag_blanksign )    prefix = ' ';

          else                         prefix = 0;

        }

        if( xtype==etGENERIC && precision>0 ) precision--;

#if 0

        /* Rounding works like BSD when the constant 0.4999 is used.  Wierd! */

        for(idx=precision, rounder=0.4999; idx>0; idx--, rounder*=0.1);

#else

        /* It makes more sense to use 0.5 */

        for(idx=precision, rounder=0.5; idx>0; idx--, rounder*=0.1){}

#endif

        if( xtype==etFLOAT ) realvalue += rounder;

        /* Normalize realvalue to within 10.0 > realvalue >= 1.0 */

        exp = 0;

        if( sqlite3IsNaN(realvalue) ){

          bufpt = "NaN";

          length = 3;

          break;

        }

        if( realvalue>0.0 ){

          while( realvalue>=1e32 && exp<=350 ){ realvalue *= 1e-32; exp+=32; }

          while( realvalue>=1e8 && exp<=350 ){ realvalue *= 1e-8; exp+=8; }

          while( realvalue>=10.0 && exp<=350 ){ realvalue *= 0.1; exp++; }

          while( realvalue<1e-8 ){ realvalue *= 1e8; exp-=8; }

          while( realvalue<1.0 ){ realvalue *= 10.0; exp--; }

          if( exp>350 ){

            if( prefix=='-' ){

              bufpt = "-Inf";

            }else if( prefix=='+' ){

              bufpt = "+Inf";

            }else{

              bufpt = "Inf";

            }

            length = strlen(bufpt);

            break;

          }

        }

        bufpt = buf;

        /*

        ** If the field type is etGENERIC, then convert to either etEXP

        ** or etFLOAT, as appropriate.

        */

        flag_exp = xtype==etEXP;

        if( xtype!=etFLOAT ){

          realvalue += rounder;

          if( realvalue>=10.0 ){ realvalue *= 0.1; exp++; }

        }

        if( xtype==etGENERIC ){

          flag_rtz = !flag_alternateform;

          if( exp<-4 || exp>precision ){

            xtype = etEXP;

          }else{

            precision = precision - exp;

            xtype = etFLOAT;

          }

        }else{

          flag_rtz = 0;

        }

        if( xtype==etEXP ){

          e2 = 0;

        }else{

          e2 = exp;

        }

        nsd = 0;

        flag_dp = (precision>0) | flag_alternateform | flag_altform2;

        /* The sign in front of the number */

        if( prefix ){

          *(bufpt++) = prefix;

        }