<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<!-- Copyright (c) 2007-2010 Nokia Corporation and/or its subsidiary(-ies) All rights reserved. -->

<!-- This component and the accompanying materials are made available under the terms of the License 

"Eclipse Public License v1.0" which accompanies this distribution, 

and is available at the URL "http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html". -->

<!-- Initial Contributors:

    Nokia Corporation - initial contribution.

Contributors: 

-->

<!DOCTYPE concept

  PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DITA Concept//EN" "concept.dtd">

<concept id="GUID-E2A886E1-39FD-517F-870E-3B1BCD49E8CD" xml:lang="en"><title>Off-Screen

Rendering with DirectGDI Tutorial</title><shortdesc>This tutorial shows how to create an image as a target for off-screen

DirectGDI rendering, create a DirectGDI graphics context and use it to issue

draw commands to the image and finally display the image in a Window Server

window. </shortdesc><prolog><metadata><keywords/></metadata></prolog><conbody>

<p> <b>Target audience</b>: Device creators. </p>

<note type="note">DirectGDI is deprecated in Symbian^3.</note>

<section id="GUID-CF10022D-6CA1-43DC-8483-8FD62432885D"><title>Introduction</title> <p>In early versions of Symbian, off-screen

rendering was always performed by using <xref href="GUID-EAAD1719-C02C-5705-A5C3-993E36441BE6.dita">BitGDI</xref>.

This had the disadvantage that the rendering could not be hardware accelerated.

Later versions of Symbian introduced <xref href="GUID-AB93B01C-B6C2-5B24-ADEF-95706584D625.dita">OpenGL

ES</xref> (in v8.1) and <xref href="GUID-1B1C6D35-FFDF-55B3-BCE2-DD0295858E49.dita">OpenVG</xref> (in

v9.4), which provide alternative mechanisms for off-screen rendering that

can be hardware accelerated. However, these APIs are very different to the

BitGDI API. Therefore porting legacy code from BitGDI to OpenGL ES or OpenVG

in order to take advantage of graphics acceleration hardware is a considerable

task. </p> <p>DirectGDI can take advantage of graphics acceleration hardware

if it is available and (unlike OpenGL ES and OpenVG) provides an API that

is very similar to BitGDI. This means that porting legacy code to DirectGDI

is much easier than porting it to OpenGL ES or OpenVG. In addition, you typically

need to port legacy code only if it does off-screen rendering. Legacy code

that does on-screen rendering using <xref href="GUID-FF93C803-8E07-3753-BBA8-C9267D686C85.dita"><apiname>CWindowGc</apiname></xref> will

automatically be hardware accelerated if the Window Server's <xref href="GUID-3A2785D4-6185-50C3-8D7E-5D94CD2B7C98.dita">render

stage plug-in(s)</xref> are hardware accelerated. </p> <p>This tutorial shows

you how to perform off-screen rendering using DirectGDI. </p> </section>

<section id="GUID-F43861F5-F52F-43C3-BD34-C7255E81461A"><title>Required background</title> <p>This tutorial assumes a background

knowledge of the following: </p> <ul>

<li id="GUID-EB26018E-E6AC-5482-9569-CA7143770446"><p><xref href="GUID-CD4B8ECA-AFE7-593C-B095-5D642EA2EC61.dita">DirectGDI</xref>  </p> </li>

<li id="GUID-C14490E6-D646-5697-B0E9-77A63F6BC8DD"><p><xref href="GUID-59C9EF92-8207-5FA5-AA20-0DB00C211BF1.dita">Graphics

Resource Component</xref>  </p> </li>

<li id="GUID-CF71C104-6418-5902-A122-3A3F0E665853"><p><xref href="GUID-0C4B86B5-530A-5839-86C1-46E7ABE281E0.dita">Window

Server</xref>. </p> </li>

</ul> </section>

<section id="GUID-5C530A85-85E9-49A1-A36A-6031B05D7D5A"><title> Procedure</title> <p><b>1. Create the image to store the

results </b> </p> <p>The first step is to create the image (<xref href="GUID-EDC0E03F-37F6-3BEC-8FF3-D03C3CDB949C.dita"><apiname>RSgImage</apiname></xref>)

that we will use to store the results of the off-screen rendering. For example: </p> <codeblock id="GUID-8AA4CD71-A476-558C-BD31-CAF9484D592E" xml:space="preserve">// Create an image for off-screen DirectGDI rendering.

TSgImageInfo info;

info.iSizeInPixels = TSize(KWidth, KHeight); 

info.iPixelFormat = EUidPixelFormatARGB_8888_PRE;

// Usage is (1) to store results of DirectGDI rendering and 

// (2) display on screen through the Window Server.

info.iUsage = ESgUsageWindowGcSource | ESgUsageDirectGdiTarget; 

info.iShareable = ETrue; // Must be shared with the Window Server.

RSgImage image;

err = image.Create(info, NULL, 0); // Undefined initial contents.

User::LeaveIfError(err);</codeblock> <p>Notice that the <xref href="GUID-EDC0E03F-37F6-3BEC-8FF3-D03C3CDB949C.dita"><apiname>Create()</apiname></xref> function

takes a <xref href="GUID-FE0BB820-00B3-3E13-907A-FAFB2D20D43B.dita"><apiname>TSgImageInfo</apiname></xref> structure as an argument.

This specifies the pixel format and image usage. There are two ways to choose

the pixel format: </p> <ul>

<li id="GUID-16B2727E-1A63-5BCD-BDD9-D2CB7E5F876C"><p>Look up the document <xref href="GUID-29C7FBFB-2F33-58CA-86BE-978E3187E4D6.dita">image compatibility guarantees</xref> and

select an appropriate one. This is the approach that we use here. </p> </li>

<li id="GUID-C80BC79F-A583-504D-AEF3-14C8E985D519"><p>Call the static <xref href="GUID-EDC0E03F-37F6-3BEC-8FF3-D03C3CDB949C.dita#GUID-EDC0E03F-37F6-3BEC-8FF3-D03C3CDB949C/GUID-3A431525-E5D7-323B-95B4-1A910A0585D7"><apiname>RSgImage::GetPixelFormats()</apiname></xref> function to find out at runtime

which pixel formats are supported by the platform. </p> </li>

</ul> <p>Notice that we specify the usage not only as a target for DirectGDI

rendering but also as a source for the Window Server, because ultimately we

want to display the results on the screen. </p> <p> </p> <p><b>2. Draw using

DirectGDI </b> </p> <p>Now we have created the image, we need to set the image

as the target for DirectGDI rendering and then create a DirectGDI graphics

context and use it to draw to the image. Here are the steps: </p> <ol id="GUID-B30F723D-5893-5D8E-BE41-C2B7BBA239A3">

<li id="GUID-5F233DE0-D770-5D5E-9E0E-EF01E47F50D8"><p>Open the DirectGDI driver

for use in this thread: </p> <codeblock id="GUID-B06B6A61-544D-5A0D-99FE-279980B527CB" xml:space="preserve">err = CDirectGdiDriver::Open();

User::LeaveIfError(err);

CDirectGdiDriver* driver = CDirectGdiDriver::Static();</codeblock> </li>

<li id="GUID-83648812-B494-5E0D-9767-86E7D87AC84C"><p>Create the DirectGDI

rendering target using the image that we created earlier: </p> <codeblock id="GUID-06DFFE10-550B-5DE4-8F45-064ADEA31C21" xml:space="preserve">RDirectGdiImageTarget target(*driver);

err = target.Create(image);

User::LeaveIfError(err);</codeblock> </li>

<li id="GUID-4D65C671-85AC-5D97-9A6B-814B3B4D524A"><p>Create a DirectGDI context

and call <xref href="GUID-EDC0E03F-37F6-3BEC-8FF3-D03C3CDB949C.dita"><apiname>Activate()</apiname></xref> to bind our off-screen

rendering target with it: </p> <codeblock id="GUID-50BDCA46-3672-5FB1-9B11-334E2EE76E4C" xml:space="preserve">CDirectGdiContext* context = CDirectGdiContext::NewL(*driver);

err = context->Activate(target);

User::LeaveIfError(err);</codeblock> </li>

<li id="GUID-778AE617-7100-5E53-B710-5F90BCE81C9D"><p>Use the DirectGDI context's

draw commands to draw to our off-screen rendering target: </p> <codeblock id="GUID-8A0D3B1F-022D-5AAC-B8EE-DADA1DD7F561" xml:space="preserve">context-&gt;SetBrushColor(KRgbWhite);

context->SetDrawMode(DirectGdi::EDrawModeWriteAlpha);

context->Clear();

context->SetDrawMode(DirectGdi::EDrawModePEN);

context->SetPenColor(KRgbBlue);

context->SetPenStyle(DirectGdi::EDottedPen);

context-&gt;DrawEllipse(KEllipseRect);</codeblock> </li>

<li id="GUID-C2B1474C-8EA5-5ACF-8388-33619DE0BD0E"><p>Call <xref href="GUID-0C7CD826-95FD-3DD2-9394-3A20316C9C61.dita#GUID-0C7CD826-95FD-3DD2-9394-3A20316C9C61/GUID-619EE303-1D26-33FD-AFEB-C767E8BDD71F"><apiname>CDirectGdiDriver::Finish()</apiname></xref> to

ensure that all of the drawing commands have been processed: </p> <codeblock id="GUID-5391B93E-C8AA-5665-B39E-24AB2D49BF15" xml:space="preserve">driver-&gt;Finish();</codeblock> </li>

</ol> <p><b>3. Display the results on the screen </b> </p> <p>The final stage

is to display the image that we have used as our off-screen rendering target

on the screen. We do this by drawing the image to a Window Server window,

like this: </p> <ol id="GUID-8C268931-8505-5AAA-BA95-269F7899B659">

<li id="GUID-42C8F3B6-2500-5519-9126-7B629C3BEAE4"><p>Prepare the image for

use as a source in a Window Server context: </p> <codeblock id="GUID-69D359B5-C904-5FDE-B412-721C421FAD8D" xml:space="preserve">RWsSession&amp; wsSession = GetMyWsSession();

RWsDrawableSource source(wsSession);

err = source.Create(image, screenNumber);

User::LeaveIfError(err);</codeblock> </li>

<li id="GUID-ABCEF123-7786-5BE0-B7D2-748896379A75"><p>Use the Window Server

context to draw the image in a window: </p> <codeblock id="GUID-B29FEDA0-5316-56E3-8929-54C8574D7285" xml:space="preserve">CWindowGc* windowContext = ActivateMyWindowContext();

windowContext-&gt;DrawResource(TPoint(0, 0), source);</codeblock> </li>

</ol> </section>

</conbody><related-links>

<link href="GUID-59C9EF92-8207-5FA5-AA20-0DB00C211BF1.dita"><linktext>Graphics

Resource Overview</linktext></link>

<link href="GUID-29C7FBFB-2F33-58CA-86BE-978E3187E4D6.dita"><linktext>Image Compatibility

Guarantees</linktext></link>

<link href="GUID-CD4B8ECA-AFE7-593C-B095-5D642EA2EC61.dita"><linktext> DirectGDI

Overview</linktext></link>