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  PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DITA Concept//EN" "concept.dtd">

<concept id="GUID-4911D998-5B1A-53E1-B1A7-920748489CD0" xml:lang="en"><title>print</title><prolog><metadata><keywords/></metadata></prolog><conbody>

<p><userinput>print [ -acilmnNoOPrsz ] [ -u n ] [ -f format ] [ -C cols ]

[ -R [ -en ]] [ arg ... ] </userinput> </p>

<p>With the <codeph>-f</codeph> option the arguments are printed as described

by <xref href="GUID-6D59E35B-6572-519A-8CFD-CB7781DDE631.dita">printf</xref>. With

no flags or with the flag <codeph>-</codeph>, the arguments are printed on

the standard output as described by <xref href="GUID-728F278B-30C8-5FA8-AD03-4C759690416E.dita">echo</xref>,

with the following differences: the escape sequence <codeph>\M-x</codeph> metafies

the character <codeph>x</codeph> (sets the highest bit), <codeph>\C-x</codeph> produces

a control character (<codeph>\C-@ </codeph> and <codeph>\C-?</codeph> give

the characters NULL and delete), and <codeph>\E</codeph> is a synonym for <codeph>\e</codeph>.

Finally, if not in an escape sequence, <codeph>\</codeph> escapes the following

character and is not printed. </p>

<table id="GUID-DD03FA46-A1EE-586E-9C0C-B5AF20B79E06">

<tgroup cols="2"><colspec colname="col0"/><colspec colname="col1"/>

<thead>

<row>

<entry>Option</entry>

<entry>Description</entry>

</row>

</thead>

<tbody>

<row>

<entry><p> <codeph>-a</codeph>  </p> </entry>

<entry><p>Prints the arguments with the column incrementing first. Only useful

with the <codeph>-c </codeph> and <codeph>-C</codeph> options. </p> </entry>

</row>

<row>

<entry><p> <codeph>-c</codeph>  </p> </entry>

<entry><p>Print the arguments in columns. Unless <codeph>-a</codeph> is also

given, arguments are printed with the row incrementing first. </p> </entry>

</row>

<row>

<entry><p> <codeph>-C cols </codeph>  </p> </entry>

<entry><p>Print the arguments in <codeph>cols</codeph> columns. Unless <codeph>-a</codeph> is

also given, arguments are printed with the row incrementing first. </p> </entry>

</row>

<row>

<entry><p> <codeph>-i</codeph>  </p> </entry>

<entry><p>If given together with <codeph>-o</codeph> or <codeph>-O</codeph>,

sorting is performed case-independently. </p> </entry>

</row>

<row>

<entry><p> <codeph>-l</codeph>  </p> </entry>

<entry><p>Print the arguments separated by newlines instead of spaces. </p> </entry>

</row>

<row>

<entry><p> <codeph>-m</codeph>  </p> </entry>

<entry><p>Take the first argument as a pattern (should be quoted), and remove

it from the argument list together with subsequent arguments that do not match

this pattern. </p> </entry>

</row>

<row>

<entry><p> <codeph>-n</codeph>  </p> </entry>

<entry><p>Do not add a newline to the output. </p> </entry>

</row>

<row>

<entry><p> <codeph>-N</codeph>  </p> </entry>

<entry><p>Print the arguments separated and terminated by nulls. </p> </entry>

</row>

<row>

<entry><p> <codeph>-o</codeph>  </p> </entry>

<entry><p>Print the arguments sorted in ascending order. </p> </entry>

</row>

<row>

<entry><p> <codeph>-O</codeph>  </p> </entry>

<entry><p>Print the arguments sorted in descending order. </p> </entry>

</row>

<row>

<entry><p> <codeph>-P</codeph>  </p> </entry>

<entry><p>Perform prompt expansion </p> </entry>

</row>

<row>

<entry><p> <codeph>-r</codeph>  </p> </entry>

<entry><p>Ignore the escape conventions of echo. </p> </entry>

</row>

<row>

<entry><p> <codeph>-R</codeph>  </p> </entry>

<entry><p>Emulate the BSD echo command, which does not process escape sequences

unless the <codeph>-e</codeph> flag is given. The <codeph>-n</codeph> flag

suppresses the trailing newline. Only the <codeph>-e</codeph> and <codeph>-n

                </codeph> flags are recognized after <codeph>-R</codeph>;

all other arguments and options are printed. </p> </entry>

</row>

<row>

<entry><p> <codeph>-s</codeph>  </p> </entry>

<entry><p>Place the results in the history list instead of on the standard

output. </p> </entry>

</row>

<row>

<entry><p> <codeph>-u n</codeph>  </p> </entry>

<entry><p>Print the arguments to file descriptor <codeph>n</codeph>. </p> </entry>

</row>

<row>

<entry><p> <codeph>-z</codeph>  </p> </entry>

<entry><p>Push the arguments onto the editing buffer stack, separated by spaces. </p> </entry>

</row>

</tbody>

</tgroup>

</table>

<p>If any of <codeph>-m</codeph>, <codeph>-o</codeph> or <codeph>-O</codeph> are

used in combination with <codeph>-f</codeph> and there are no arguments (after

the removal process in the case of <codeph>-m</codeph>) then nothing is printed. </p>

<p> <b>Note:</b> The Symbian platform does not support the use

of the <codeph>-b</codeph>, <codeph>-d</codeph>, and <codeph>-p</codeph> options. </p>