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<concept id="GUID-2800C486-2FB4-5C5C-990F-CC1A290F7E0C" xml:lang="en"><title>Root

Certificates</title><shortdesc>To validate a certificate, a client application must have at least

one certificate which it directly trusts. This is a root certificate. Different

applications trust different root certificates. For example, TLS might trust

VeriSign's secure server root, but Software Install may not. </shortdesc><prolog><metadata><keywords/></metadata></prolog><conbody>

<section><title>Root Certificate Management and Storage</title> <p><b>The

file certificate store</b> </p> <p>There is a single 'file' certificate store

(certstore), <filepath>CACerts.dat</filepath>, initially populated with default

root certificates, located in <filepath>c:\system\data\</filepath> (or a private

directory). When a certstore object is constructed it looks for the store

in this location. If it cannot be found the original store is copied over

from ROM. </p> <p>A certificate is marked with zero or more UIDs, each of

which identifies an application that trusts this certificate. These can be

edited and the resulting entry put back in the store, this changes the trust

settings for that certificate. </p> <p><b>The certificate applications store</b> </p> <p>The

certificate applications (certapps) store, <filepath>certclients.dat</filepath>,

which is used by the file certstore, contains a set of zero or more clients.

Each client consists of a UID and a human-readable name, and represents an

application that requires the services of Certificate Management (certman).

For example, TLS is a client, as is Software Installation. The word 'application'

is used in its broadest possible sense; the UIDs do not have to be Symbian

platform application UIDs, although this may be a sensible choice. Each certificate

is marked as trusted by zero or more of these clients, this is what makes

it a root certificate for that application. </p> <p>The <codeph>CCertificateAppInfoManager</codeph> class

(<xref href="GUID-2800C486-2FB4-5C5C-990F-CC1A290F7E0C.dita#GUID-2800C486-2FB4-5C5C-990F-CC1A290F7E0C/GUID-10C59313-821D-5AC4-8E45-1650F6305C7A">see

below</xref>) provides functions to add, remove and list these UID/name pairs.

A certman application can retrieve the UID/name pairs for all clients of Certificate

Management. The <codeph>TCertificateAppInfo</codeph> class (<xref href="GUID-2800C486-2FB4-5C5C-990F-CC1A290F7E0C.dita#GUID-2800C486-2FB4-5C5C-990F-CC1A290F7E0C/GUID-22FECC82-EFF6-5F89-B730-569350B6CE68">see below</xref>) encapsulates the UID/name pairs. </p> </section>

<section id="GUID-5B7437DC-D8FD-59E3-B15E-4A16B75991E7"><title>Client registration</title> <p>Clients

that use certificates register with certificate storage by providing a UID

and a name. To reiterate, each certificate is marked with zero or more of

these UIDs, indicating that it is trusted by that particular application.

This enables a client(s) to mark a certificate as being trusted for use by

a particular program. </p> <p>In practice, known applications that use certification,

such as a web browser or the software installer, will already be registered.

Currently, the following applications/UIDs are defined: </p> <table id="GUID-B5783775-6FB4-50A0-AA29-D25D5D27C953">

<tgroup cols="3"><colspec colname="col0"/><colspec colname="col1"/><colspec colname="col2"/>

<thead>

<row>

<entry>Client/Application name </entry>

<entry>UID</entry>

<entry>Description</entry>

</row>

</thead>

<tbody>

<row>

<entry><p>SWInstall </p> </entry>

<entry><p> <codeph>268452523</codeph>, <codeph>0X100042AB</codeph>  </p> </entry>

<entry><p>Certificate is suitable for software installation (SIS files) </p> </entry>

</row>

<row>

<entry><p>SWInstallOCSP </p> </entry>

<entry><p> <codeph>268478646</codeph>, <codeph>0X1000A8B6</codeph>  </p> </entry>

<entry><p>Certificate is suitable for OCSP checking (SIS files) </p> </entry>

</row>

<row>

<entry><p>TLS/SSL </p> </entry>

<entry><p> <codeph>268441661</codeph>, <codeph>0X1000183D</codeph>  </p> </entry>

<entry><p>Certificate is suitable for SSL/TLS server authentication. </p> </entry>

</row>

</tbody>

</tgroup>

</table> <p>These UIDs are stored in <filepath>certclients.dat</filepath>;

see the <xref href="GUID-2800C486-2FB4-5C5C-990F-CC1A290F7E0C.dita#GUID-2800C486-2FB4-5C5C-990F-CC1A290F7E0C/GUID-ABB767AE-0595-5EAE-8DBF-73538CFA756B">Location

of the certstore and certapps store</xref> section below. </p> <p>An application

using the certificate validation interface needs to supply the appropriate

UID to the certificate validation object, which uses this to select the subset

of certificates that are trusted by that application: these form the set of

'candidate' root certificates. </p> <p>For a client to work with certificate

validation, it needs: </p> <ul>

<li id="GUID-EBAFF1BD-3771-5BF9-9620-1CDF0A1BA1B6"><p>an entry for the application

added to the list of clients </p> </li>

<li id="GUID-E9EF1284-5AFD-55D1-81C2-E29A14CE4088"><p>any needed certificates

added to the store </p> </li>

<li id="GUID-83A6F618-0290-5976-AB5E-5DAF16C089B3"><p>any of the above certificates

marked as trusted by the client. </p> </li>

</ul> <p id="GUID-10C59313-821D-5AC4-8E45-1650F6305C7A"><b>CCertificateAppInfoManager</b> </p> <p>The <codeph>CCertificateAppInfoManager</codeph> class

provides the following functions for client registration: </p> <ul>

<li id="GUID-EE258CCA-E411-5D3E-8777-E03405F6B203"><p> <b>Add a new client</b>  </p> <codeblock id="GUID-B17F0BF0-6539-5F96-A4D1-419518D4FCD8" xml:space="preserve">

IMPORT_C void AddL(const TCertificateAppInfo& aClient);

</codeblock> <p>Leaves with <codeph>KErrPermissionDenied</codeph> if the caller

does not have the required capability </p> </li>

<li id="GUID-AA763F58-D7C6-563E-B9EA-2BF69F6D18C8"><p> <b>Remove an existing

client</b>  </p> <codeblock id="GUID-83C72B54-C3FD-567D-A15A-C2719C011B43" xml:space="preserve">

IMPORT_C void RemoveL(const TUid& aUid);

</codeblock> <p>Leaves with <codeph>KErrNotFound</codeph> if the client does

not exist, and <codeph>KErrPermissionDenied</codeph> if the caller does not

have the required capability </p> </li>

<li id="GUID-B176271E-9B77-5A80-B00F-6F5ABDA951D1"><p> <b>List the registered

clients</b>  </p> <codeblock id="GUID-6ABD5D35-C336-5AD0-9930-B6D679922AD0" xml:space="preserve">IMPORT_C const RArray&lt;TCertificateAppInfo&gt;&amp; Applications() const;

</codeblock> <p>The returned array becomes the property of the caller who

is responsible for its destruction. </p> </li>

</ul> <p>When a certificate is added to the certstore it is added along with

a set of trusters: this set can be edited subsequently. Then, when clients

retrieve sets of certificates they can parameterise the request with a set

of trusters, and only certificates trusted by those trusters will be retrieved.

See the sections on adding and retrieving certificates in the <xref href="GUID-B946BDF0-C5D8-57E2-9D05-7BE134AD032E.dita">Unified

Certificate Store Tutorial</xref>. </p> <p id="GUID-22FECC82-EFF6-5F89-B730-569350B6CE68"><b>TCertificateAppInfo </b> </p> <p>This

simple class consists of a UID and a name. The UID does not have to be the

application UID, but must be unique; it is anticipated that this can be ensured

through the standard UID allocation scheme. Certificate storage does not check

UIDs for uniqueness. </p> <codeblock id="GUID-7BA95F3B-F481-565D-BECE-09AFD138A16D" xml:space="preserve">

IMPORT_C TCertManClientInfo(const TUid& aUid, const TName& aName);

IMPORT_C TCertificateAppInfo(const TUid& aUid, const TName& aName);

IMPORT_C const TUid& Id() const;

IMPORT_C const TUid& Id() const;

IMPORT_C const TName& Name() const;

IMPORT_C const TName& Name() const;

</codeblock> </section>

<section id="GUID-ABB767AE-0595-5EAE-8DBF-73538CFA756B"><title>Location of

the certstore and certapps store</title> <ul>

<li id="GUID-979A23A2-F25E-59A3-9D40-8BDBCA703BCF"><p>Certificates are stored,

along with suitable trust settings, in a file called <filepath>CACerts.dat</filepath>  </p> </li>

<li id="GUID-D0D209BC-5717-5746-890D-895267515512"><p>Clients (certificate

applications, or UID/name pairs) are stored in a separate file called <filepath>certclients.dat</filepath>  </p> </li>

</ul> <p>These files are located in ROM on a phone. They are necessary for

applications such as Software Install and SSL/TLS. </p> <p>On a cold boot

the store is copied over to <filepath>system\data</filepath> (or, in Symbian

OS v9.0, to a private directory) on the device's internal RAM drive. Subsequently,

certificate storage will look for the store on that hardcoded path. If the

store can't be found there, the original will be copied from ROM. </p> </section>

</conbody><related-links>

<link href="GUID-A3B58436-07E4-565B-800B-86435D205461.dita"><linktext>Certificate

Validation in PKIX</linktext></link>

</related-links></concept>