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.\" ========================================================================

.\"

.IX Title "C++FILT 1"

.TH C++FILT 1 "2008-01-09" "binutils-2.18.50" "GNU Development Tools"

.SH "NAME"

c++filt \- Demangle C++ and Java symbols.

.SH "SYNOPSIS"

.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"

c++filt [\fB\-_\fR|\fB\-\-strip\-underscores\fR]

        [\fB\-n\fR|\fB\-\-no\-strip\-underscores\fR]

        [\fB\-p\fR|\fB\-\-no\-params\fR]

        [\fB\-t\fR|\fB\-\-types\fR]

        [\fB\-i\fR|\fB\-\-no\-verbose\fR]

        [\fB\-s\fR \fIformat\fR|\fB\-\-format=\fR\fIformat\fR]

        [\fB\-\-help\fR]  [\fB\-\-version\fR]  [\fIsymbol\fR...]

.SH "DESCRIPTION"

.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"

The \*(C+ and Java languages provide function overloading, which means

that you can write many functions with the same name, providing that

each function takes parameters of different types.  In order to be

able to distinguish these similarly named functions \*(C+ and Java

encode them into a low-level assembler name which uniquely identifies

each different version.  This process is known as \fImangling\fR. The

\&\fBc++filt\fR

[1]

program does the inverse mapping: it decodes (\fIdemangles\fR) low-level

names into user-level names so that they can be read.

.PP

Every alphanumeric word (consisting of letters, digits, underscores,

dollars, or periods) seen in the input is a potential mangled name.

If the name decodes into a \*(C+ name, the \*(C+ name replaces the

low-level name in the output, otherwise the original word is output.

In this way you can pass an entire assembler source file, containing

mangled names, through \fBc++filt\fR and see the same source file

containing demangled names.

.PP

You can also use \fBc++filt\fR to decipher individual symbols by

passing them on the command line:

.PP

.Vb 1

\&        c++filt <symbol>

.Ve

.PP

If no \fIsymbol\fR arguments are given, \fBc++filt\fR reads symbol

names from the standard input instead.  All the results are printed on

the standard output.  The difference between reading names from the

command line versus reading names from the standard input is that

command line arguments are expected to be just mangled names and no

checking is performed to separate them from surrounding text.  Thus

for example:

.PP

.Vb 1

\&        c++filt -n _Z1fv

.Ve

.PP

will work and demangle the name to \*(L"f()\*(R" whereas:

.PP

.Vb 1

\&        c++filt -n _Z1fv,

.Ve

.PP

will not work.  (Note the extra comma at the end of the mangled

name which makes it invalid).  This command however will work:

.PP

.Vb 1

\&        echo _Z1fv, | c++filt -n

.Ve

.PP

and will display \*(L"f(),\*(R", i.e., the demangled name followed by a

trailing comma.  This behaviour is because when the names are read

from the standard input it is expected that they might be part of an

assembler source file where there might be extra, extraneous

characters trailing after a mangled name.  For example:

.PP

.Vb 1

\&            .type   _Z1fv, @function

.Ve

.SH "OPTIONS"

.IX Header "OPTIONS"

.IP "\fB\-_\fR" 4

.IX Item "-_"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-strip\-underscores\fR" 4

.IX Item "--strip-underscores"

.PD

On some systems, both the C and \*(C+ compilers put an underscore in front

of every name.  For example, the C name \f(CW\*(C`foo\*(C'\fR gets the low-level

name \f(CW\*(C`_foo\*(C'\fR.  This option removes the initial underscore.  Whether

\&\fBc++filt\fR removes the underscore by default is target dependent.

.IP "\fB\-j\fR" 4

.IX Item "-j"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-java\fR" 4

.IX Item "--java"

.PD

Prints demangled names using Java syntax.  The default is to use \*(C+

syntax.

.IP "\fB\-n\fR" 4

.IX Item "-n"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-no\-strip\-underscores\fR" 4

.IX Item "--no-strip-underscores"

.PD

Do not remove the initial underscore.

.IP "\fB\-p\fR" 4

.IX Item "-p"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-no\-params\fR" 4

.IX Item "--no-params"

.PD

When demangling the name of a function, do not display the types of

the function's parameters.

.IP "\fB\-t\fR" 4

.IX Item "-t"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-types\fR" 4

.IX Item "--types"

.PD

Attempt to demangle types as well as function names.  This is disabled

by default since mangled types are normally only used internally in

the compiler, and they can be confused with non-mangled names.  For example,

a function called \*(L"a\*(R" treated as a mangled type name would be

demangled to \*(L"signed char\*(R".

.IP "\fB\-i\fR" 4

.IX Item "-i"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-no\-verbose\fR" 4

.IX Item "--no-verbose"

.PD

Do not include implementation details (if any) in the demangled

output.

.IP "\fB\-s\fR \fIformat\fR" 4

.IX Item "-s format"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-format=\fR\fIformat\fR" 4

.IX Item "--format=format"

.PD

\&\fBc++filt\fR can decode various methods of mangling, used by

different compilers.  The argument to this option selects which

method it uses:

.RS 4

.ie n .IP """auto""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWauto\fR" 4

.IX Item "auto"

Automatic selection based on executable (the default method)

.ie n .IP """gnu""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWgnu\fR" 4

.IX Item "gnu"

the one used by the \s-1GNU\s0 \*(C+ compiler (g++)

.ie n .IP """lucid""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWlucid\fR" 4

.IX Item "lucid"

the one used by the Lucid compiler (lcc)

.ie n .IP """arm""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWarm\fR" 4

.IX Item "arm"

the one specified by the \*(C+ Annotated Reference Manual

.ie n .IP """hp""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWhp\fR" 4

.IX Item "hp"

the one used by the \s-1HP\s0 compiler (aCC)

.ie n .IP """edg""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWedg\fR" 4

.IX Item "edg"

the one used by the \s-1EDG\s0 compiler

.ie n .IP """gnu\-v3""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWgnu\-v3\fR" 4

.IX Item "gnu-v3"

the one used by the \s-1GNU\s0 \*(C+ compiler (g++) with the V3 \s-1ABI\s0.

.ie n .IP """java""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWjava\fR" 4

.IX Item "java"

the one used by the \s-1GNU\s0 Java compiler (gcj)

.ie n .IP """gnat""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWgnat\fR" 4

.IX Item "gnat"

the one used by the \s-1GNU\s0 Ada compiler (\s-1GNAT\s0).

.RE

.RS 4

.RE

.IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4

.IX Item "--help"

Print a summary of the options to \fBc++filt\fR and exit.

.IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4

.IX Item "--version"

Print the version number of \fBc++filt\fR and exit.

.IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4

.IX Item "@file"

Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR.  The options read are

inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option.  If \fIfile\fR

does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated

literally, and not removed.  

.Sp

Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace.  A whitespace

character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire

option in either single or double quotes.  Any character (including a

backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included

with a backslash.  The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional

@\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively.

.SH "FOOTNOTES"

.IX Header "FOOTNOTES"

.IP "1." 4

MS-DOS does not allow \f(CW\*(C`+\*(C'\fR characters in file names, so on

MS-DOS this program is named \fB\s-1CXXFILT\s0\fR.

.SH "SEE ALSO"

.IX Header "SEE ALSO"

the Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR.

.SH "COPYRIGHT"

.IX Header "COPYRIGHT"

Copyright (c) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,

2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

.PP

Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document

under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.2

or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;

with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no

Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the

section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R".