author | martin.trojer@nokia.com |
Fri, 31 Jul 2009 15:01:17 +0100 | |
changeset 1 | 2fb8b9db1c86 |
permissions | -rw-r--r-- |
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:mod:`dl` --- Call C functions in shared objects |
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================================================ |
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.. module:: dl |
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:platform: Unix |
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:synopsis: Call C functions in shared objects. |
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:deprecated: |
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.. deprecated:: 2.6 |
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The :mod:`dl` module has been removed in Python 3.0. Use the :mod:`ctypes` |
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module instead. |
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.. sectionauthor:: Moshe Zadka <moshez@zadka.site.co.il> |
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The :mod:`dl` module defines an interface to the :cfunc:`dlopen` function, which |
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is the most common interface on Unix platforms for handling dynamically linked |
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libraries. It allows the program to call arbitrary functions in such a library. |
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.. warning:: |
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The :mod:`dl` module bypasses the Python type system and error handling. If |
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used incorrectly it may cause segmentation faults, crashes or other incorrect |
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behaviour. |
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.. note:: |
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This module will not work unless ``sizeof(int) == sizeof(long) == sizeof(char |
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*)`` If this is not the case, :exc:`SystemError` will be raised on import. |
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The :mod:`dl` module defines the following function: |
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.. function:: open(name[, mode=RTLD_LAZY]) |
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Open a shared object file, and return a handle. Mode signifies late binding |
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(:const:`RTLD_LAZY`) or immediate binding (:const:`RTLD_NOW`). Default is |
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:const:`RTLD_LAZY`. Note that some systems do not support :const:`RTLD_NOW`. |
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Return value is a :class:`dlobject`. |
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The :mod:`dl` module defines the following constants: |
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.. data:: RTLD_LAZY |
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Useful as an argument to :func:`open`. |
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.. data:: RTLD_NOW |
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Useful as an argument to :func:`open`. Note that on systems which do not |
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support immediate binding, this constant will not appear in the module. For |
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maximum portability, use :func:`hasattr` to determine if the system supports |
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immediate binding. |
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The :mod:`dl` module defines the following exception: |
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.. exception:: error |
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Exception raised when an error has occurred inside the dynamic loading and |
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linking routines. |
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Example:: |
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>>> import dl, time |
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>>> a=dl.open('/lib/libc.so.6') |
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>>> a.call('time'), time.time() |
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(929723914, 929723914.498) |
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This example was tried on a Debian GNU/Linux system, and is a good example of |
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the fact that using this module is usually a bad alternative. |
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.. _dl-objects: |
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Dl Objects |
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---------- |
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Dl objects, as returned by :func:`open` above, have the following methods: |
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.. method:: dl.close() |
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Free all resources, except the memory. |
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.. method:: dl.sym(name) |
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Return the pointer for the function named *name*, as a number, if it exists in |
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the referenced shared object, otherwise ``None``. This is useful in code like:: |
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>>> if a.sym('time'): |
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... a.call('time') |
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... else: |
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... time.time() |
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(Note that this function will return a non-zero number, as zero is the *NULL* |
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pointer) |
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.. method:: dl.call(name[, arg1[, arg2...]]) |
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Call the function named *name* in the referenced shared object. The arguments |
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must be either Python integers, which will be passed as is, Python strings, to |
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which a pointer will be passed, or ``None``, which will be passed as *NULL*. |
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Note that strings should only be passed to functions as :ctype:`const char\*`, |
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as Python will not like its string mutated. |
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Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
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changeset
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111 |
There must be at most 10 arguments, and arguments not given will be treated as |
2fb8b9db1c86
Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff
changeset
|
112 |
``None``. The function's return value must be a C :ctype:`long`, which is a |
2fb8b9db1c86
Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
113 |
Python integer. |
2fb8b9db1c86
Initial QEMU (symbian-qemu-0.9.1-12) import
martin.trojer@nokia.com
parents:
diff
changeset
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114 |