<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-2022-jp"?>

<!DOCTYPE spec SYSTEM "spec.dtd" [

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<!ENTITY at-user-option    "$B%f!<%6$N%*%W%7%g%s;XDj$K$h$C$F$O(B">

<!ENTITY content-particle     "$BFbMFAG;R(B">

<!ENTITY processor            "$B%W%m%;%5(B">

<!ENTITY default              "$B%G%U%)%k%H(B">

<!ENTITY default-value        "$B%G%U%)%k%HCM(B">

<!ENTITY header               "$B%X%C%@(B">

<!ENTITY target               "$B%?!<%2%C%H(B">

<!ENTITY mixed-content        "$B:.9gFbMF(B">

<!ENTITY country-code         "$B9q%3!<%I(B">

<!ENTITY language-code        "$B8@8l%3!<%I(B">

<!ENTITY version              "$BHG(B"> <!-- version 1.0$B$OBh(B1.0$BHG(B -->

<!ENTITY match                "$B%^%C%A(B">

<!ENTITY character-value      "$BJ8;zHV9f(B">

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<!ENTITY normative       "$B5,Dj$N(B">

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<!ENTITY informative     "">

<!ENTITY WebSGML 'ISO 8879$B$X$N(BWebSGML&adaptations-annex;'>

<!ENTITY XML.version "1.0">

<!ENTITY doc.date "1997$BG/(B12$B7n(B8$BF|(B">

<!ENTITY iso6.doc.date "971208">

<!ENTITY w3c.doc.date "97$BG/(B12$B7n(B3$BF|(B">

<!ENTITY draft.day '8$BF|(B'>

<!ENTITY draft.month '12$B7n(B'>

<!ENTITY draft.year '1997$BG/(B'>

<!-- $BF|K\8lLu$N$?$a$N2r@OBP>]<BBN!J$3$3$^$G!K(B -->

<!-- LAST TOUCHED BY: Tim Bray, 3 Dec 1997 -->

<!-- The words 'FINAL EDIT' in comments mark places where changes

need to be made after approval of the document by the ERB, before

publication.  -->

<!ENTITY XML.version "1.0">

<!ENTITY doc.date "8 December 1997">

<!ENTITY iso6.doc.date "971208">

<!ENTITY w3c.doc.date "03-Dec-97">

<!ENTITY draft.day '8'>

<!ENTITY draft.month 'December'>

<!ENTITY draft.year '1997'>

<!ENTITY WebSGML 

 'WebSGML Adaptations Annex to ISO 8879'>

<!ENTITY newline " ">

<!-- old: <!ENTITY newline "&#8232;"> -->

<!ENTITY lt     "<"> 

<!ENTITY gt     ">"> 

<!--<!ENTITY amp    "&"> -->

<!ENTITY xmlpio "'&lt;?xml'">

<!ENTITY pic    "'?>'">

<!ENTITY br     "\n">

<!ENTITY cellback '#c0d9c0'>

<!ENTITY mdash  "--"> <!-- was: <!ENTITY mdash  "&#38;#151;"> -->

<!ENTITY com    "--">

<!ENTITY como   "--">

<!ENTITY comc   "--">

<!ENTITY hcro   "&amp;#x">

<!-- <!ENTITY nbsp ""> -->

<!ENTITY nbsp   "&#160;">

<!ENTITY magicents "<code>amp</code>,

<code>lt</code>,

<code>gt</code>,

<code>apos</code>,

<code>quot</code>">

<!--$BF|K\8lLu$K$D$$$F(B: $B%3%a%s%H$OK]LuBP>]$+$i30$7$^$7$?!#NkLZOBIW(B -->

<!-- audience and distribution status:  for use at publication time -->

<!--  -->

<!ENTITY doc.audience "$B8x3+%l%S%e!<5Z$S5DO@(B">

<!ENTITY doc.distribution "$B%F%-%9%H5Z$SK!N'>e$NCm0U$r2~JQ$7$J$$8B$j!$(B

$B<+M3$KG[I[$7$F$b$h$$(B">

]>

<!-- for Panorama *-->

<?VERBATIM "eg" ?>

<spec>

<header>

<title>$B3HD%2DG=$J(B&markup;$B8@8l(B (XML)</title>

<version>$BBh(B1.0&version;</version>

<w3c-designation>PR-xml-&iso6.doc.date;</w3c-designation>

<w3c-doctype>World Wide Web Consortium</w3c-doctype>

<pubdate><day>&draft.day;</day><month>&draft.month;</month><year>&draft.year;</year></pubdate>

<notice><p>$B$3$NAp0F$O!$(BXML WG$B5Z$SB>$N4X78<T$K$h$k%l%S%e!<$N$?$a$N$b$N$G$"$C$F!$8x3+$N5DO@$N$?$a$N$b$N$G$O$J$$!#(B

<!-- FINAL EDIT:  FIX --></p></notice>

<publoc>

<loc  href="http://www.w3.org/TR/PR-xml-&iso6.doc.date;">

http://www.w3.org/TR/PR-xml-&iso6.doc.date;</loc></publoc>

<prevlocs>

<loc  href='http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-xml-961114'>

http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-xml-961114</loc>

<loc  href='http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-xml-lang-970331'>

http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-xml-lang-970331</loc>

<loc  href='http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-xml-lang-970630'>

http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-xml-lang-970630</loc>

<loc  href='http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-xml-970807'>

http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-xml-970807</loc>

<loc  href='http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-xml-971117'>

http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-xml-971117</loc>

</prevlocs>

<authlist>

<author><name>Tim Bray</name>

<affiliation>Textuality and Netscape</affiliation>

<email 

href="mailto:tbray@textuality.com">tbray@textuality.com</email></author>

<author><name>Jean Paoli</name>

<affiliation>Microsoft</affiliation>

<email href="mailto:jeanpa@microsoft.com">jeanpa@microsoft.com</email></author>

<author><name>C. M. Sperberg-McQueen</name>

<affiliation>University of Illinois at Chicago</affiliation>

<email href="mailto:cmsmcq@uic.edu">cmsmcq@uic.edu</email></author>

</authlist>

<status>

      <p>$B$3$N(B&TR-or-Rec;$B$O(B, 1997$BG/(B12$B7n$K(BWorld Wide Web Consortium$B$+$i(B

$B8xI=$5$l$?4+9p0F(BExtensible Markup Language version$BBh(B1.0$BHG$rK]Lu$7(B, $B5;(B

$B=QE*FbMF$rJQ99$9$k$3$H$J$/:n@.$7$?(B&TR-or-Rec;$B$G$"$k!#(BThis &eTR-or-Rec; 

is a translation of the XML proposed recommendation 1.0

published by the World Wide Web Consortium in December 1997.  It is

intended that &eTR-or-Rec; is technically identical to the original.</p>

<p>$B86J8$K$"$k!"Cx:n8"$K4X$7$F$N5-=R$r<!$K<($9!#(BThe

original copyright notice is shown below:</p>

<p>$B$3$NHG$N(BXML$B$N5,Dj$O!$8x3+%l%S%e!<5Z$S5DO@$r(B

$BL\E*$H$9$k!#%F%-%9%H5Z$SK!N'>e$NCm0U$r2~JQ$7$J$$8B$j!$<+M3$K(B

$BG[I[$7$F$b$h$$!#(BThis version of the XML specification is for

public review and discussion. It may be distributed freely,

as long as all text and legal notices remain intact.</p>

<p>$B$3$N(B&TR-or-Rec;$B$N85$H$J$C$?(BXML$B4+9p0F$O!$(B1998$BG/(B2$B7n$K(BWorld

Wide Web Consortium$B$+$i8xI=$5$l$?(BXML$B4+9p$K$h$C$F$9$G$KCV$-49(B

$B$($i$l$F$$$k!#$3$NI8=`>pJs$O!$(BXML$B4+9p$K=>$C$FD{@5$9$k$3$H$r(B

$BM=Dj$7$F$$$k!#(BThe XML Proposed Recommendation is superseded

by the XML Recommendation which was published by the World

Wide Web Consortium in February 1998.  It is intended that 

this &eTR-or-Rec; be revised accordingly in the near future.</p>

<p>$B$3$N(B&TR-or-Rec;$B$O!$0BDj$7$?$b$N$G$"$C$F!$:rG/Mh$N(B<loc

href='http://www.w3.org/XML'>XML$B3hF0(B</loc>$B$rDL$8$F:n@.$5$l$?!$0lO"$N:n(B

$B6HAp0F$r85$H$9$k!#8=:_!$9-HO0O$K;HMQ$5$l$F$$$k9q:]E*$J%F%-%9%H=hM}$NI8(B

$B=`(B($BI8=`0lHL2=(B&markup;$B8@8l!$(BStandard Generalized Markup Language, ISO

8879:1986$B$KDI2C5Z$SD{@5$r2C$($?$b$N(B)$B$N!$(BWWW$B>e$G$N;HMQ$N$?$a$K(B⊂

$B2=$7$?8@8l$r!$$3$N(B&TR-or-Rec;$B$O!$5,Dj$9$k!#(BISO 8879$B$N$I$N5!G=$r$3$N(B

&subset;$B$K;D$9$+!$$H$$$&7hDj$K$D$$$F$N>\:Y$O!$(B<loc

href='http://www.w3.org/XML/#WG-decisions'>$BJLESMQ0U$9$k(B</loc>$B!#(BXML$B$O!$(B

$B4{$K$$$/$D$+$N>&IJ$G%5%]!<%H$5$l!$(BXML$B$r%5%]!<%H$9$k(B<loc

href='http://www.w3.org/XML/#software'>$B%U%j!<%&%'%"(B</loc>$B$N?t$bA}$($F(B

$B$$$k!#(BXML$B$K4X$9$k8x3+$NO@5D$b!$%*%s%i%$%s$G(B<loc

href='http://www.w3.org/XML/#discussion'>$BF~<j$G$-$k(B</loc>$B!#(BIt is a

stable document derived from a series of working drafts produced over

the last year as deliverables of the <loc

href='http://www.w3.org/XML'>XML activity</loc>.  It specifies a

language created by subsetting an existing, widely used international

text processing standard (Standard Generalized Markup Language, ISO

8879:1986 as amended and corrected) for use on the World Wide Web.

Details of the decisions regarding which features of ISO 8879 to

retain in the subset <loc

href='http://www.w3.org/XML/#WG-decisions'>are available

separately</loc>.  XML is already supported by some commercial

products, and there are a growing number of <loc

href='http://www.w3.org/XML/#software'>free implementations</loc>.

Public discussions of XML <loc

href='http://www.w3.org/XML/#discussion'>are accessible

online</loc>.</p>

<p>$B$3$N(B&TR-or-Rec;$B$G$O!$(B<bibref ref="Berners-Lee"/>$B$KDj5A$9$k(B

URI(Uniform Resource Identifier)$B$r;HMQ$9$k!#(BURI$B$N@)Dj:n6H$O?J9TCf$G$"$C(B

$B$F!$(B<bibref ref="RFC1738"/>$B5Z$S(B<bibref ref="RFC1808"/>$B$r99?7$9$kM=Dj$H(B

$B$J$C$F$$$k!#$3$N:n6H$,(BRFC$B$H$7$F<u$1F~$l$i$l$J$$>l9g$O!$$3$N5,DxFb$N(BURI

$B$X$N;2>H$O!$(BURL(Uniform Resource Locator)$B$X$N;2>H$KBe$o$k!#(BThis

specification uses the term URI, which is defined by <bibref

ref="Berners-Lee"/>, a work in progress expected to update <bibref

ref="RFC1738"/> and <bibref ref="RFC1808"/>.  Should the work not be

accepted as an RFC, the references to uniform resource identifiers

(URIs) in this specification will become references to uniform

resource locators (URLs).</p>

      <p>XML$B$N;EMM$K=`5r$7$F$$$k$+$I$&$+$N4p=`$H$J$k$O(BW3C$B$N%5%$%H$K$"(B

$B$k86J8$G$"$k!#(BThe normative version of the specification is

the English version found at the W3C site.</p>

      <p>$B$3$NI8=`>pJs$O86;EMM$H5;=QE*$KF10l$G$"$k$3$H$r0U?^$7$F$$$k$,!"(B

$BK]Lu>e$N8m$j$O$"$jF@$k!#(BAlthough this technical report is

intended to be technically identical to the original, it may

contain errors from the translation.</p>

      <p>$BHw9M(B: $B865,Dj$H$N5,Dj2U=j$NBP1~4X78$rL@$i$+$K$9$k$?$a!"$3$N(B

&TR-or-Rec;$B$N@a9=@.5Z$S@aHV9f$O!"865,Dj$N$=$l$i$r$G$-$k$@$1J]B8$7$F$$(B

$B$k!#$3$N(B&TR-or-Rec;$B$N(BWeb$BHG$O!"865,Dj$N(BHTML$B%?%0$r$=$N$^$^J]B8$7$F$$$k!#(B

</p>

</status>

<!-- out of date

<statusp>This is a W3C Working Draft for review by W3C members and other

interested parties. It is a draft document and may be updated,

replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is

inappropriate to use W3C Working Drafts as reference material or to

cite them as other than "work in progress". A list of current W3C

working drafts can be found at 

<loc  href="http://www.w3.org/TR">http://www.w3.org/TR</loc>.</statusp>

<statusp><emph>Note:</emph> Since working drafts are subject to frequent

change, you are advised to reference the above URL, rather than the

URLs for working drafts themselves.</statusp>

<statusp>This work is part of the W3C SGML Activity (for current

status, see <loc href="http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/SGML/Activity"

>http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/SGML/Activity</loc>).</statusp>

<p>The current

draft of this specification 

presupposes the successful completion of the current

work on the &WebSGML;, being prepared by ISO/IEC JTC1 

at the time this draft specification was drafted.

If it is not

adopted in the expected form, some clauses of this specification 

may change,  and some

recommendations now labeled "<termref def="dt-interop">for

interoperability</termref>" will become requirements labeled

"<termref def="dt-compat">for compatibility</termref>".

</p>

<p>The current draft of this specification uses the term 

URI, which is defined by 

<bibref ref="Berners-Lee"/>,

which is work in progress expected to update 

<bibref ref="RFC1738"/> and <bibref ref="RFC1808"/>.

Should the work in this draft not be accepted as an RFC, the

references to uniform resource identifiers (URIs) in this

specification will become references to uniform resource

locators (URLs).</p>

</status> -->

<abstract>

<p>$B3HD%2DG=$J(B&markup;$B8@8l(B(XML)$B$O(BSGML$B$N4JC1$JJ}8@$G$"$C$F!$$3$N(B&TR-or-Rec;$B$G!$$=$N$9$Y$F$r5,Dj$9$k!#(BXML$B$NL\I8$O!$8=:_$N(BHTML$B$HF1MM$K!$0lHL@-$N$"$k(BSGML$B$r%&%'%V>e$GG[I[!$<u?.5Z$S=hM}$G$-$k$3$H$H$9$k!#(BXML$B$O<BAu$,MF0W$G$"$C$F!$(BSGML$B5Z$S(BHTML$B$N$I$A$i$KBP$7$F$bAj8_1?MQ@-$rJ]$D@_7W$,$J$5$l$F$$$k!#(B</p>

</abstract>

<pubstmt>

<p>Chicago, Vancouver, Mountain View, et al.:

World-Wide Web Consortium, XML$B:n6H%0%k!<%W(B, 1996, 1997.</p>

</pubstmt>

<sourcedesc>

<p>Created in electronic form.</p>

</sourcedesc>

<langusage>

<language id='EN'>English</language>

<language id='ebnf'>Extended Backus-Naur Form (formal grammar)</language>

</langusage>

<revisiondesc>

<slist>

<sitem>1997-12-03 : CMSMcQ : yet further changes</sitem>

<sitem>1997-12-02 : TB : further changes (see TB to XML WG,

2 December 1997)</sitem>

<sitem>1997-12-02 : CMSMcQ : deal with as many corrections and

comments from the proofreaders as possible:

entify hard-coded document date in pubdate element,

change expansion of entity WebSGML,

update status description as per Dan Connolly (am not sure

about refernece to Berners-Lee et al.),

add 'The' to abstract as per WG decision,

move Relationship to Existing Standards to back matter and

combine with References,

re-order back matter so normative appendices come first,

re-tag back matter so informative appendices are tagged informdiv1,

remove XXX XXX from list of 'normative' specs in prose,

move some references from Other References to Normative References,

add RFC 1738, 1808, and 2141 to Other References (they are not

normative since we do not require the processor to enforce any 

rules based on them),

add reference to 'Fielding draft' (Berners-Lee et al.),

move notation section to end of body,

drop URIchar non-terminal and use SkipLit instead,

lose stray reference to defunct nonterminal 'markupdecls',

move reference to Aho et al. into appendix (Tim's right),

add prose note saying that hash marks and fragment identifiers are

NOT part of the URI formally speaking, and are NOT legal in 

system identifiers (processor 'may' signal an error).

Work through:

Tim Bray reacting to James Clark,

Tim Bray on his own,

Eve Maler,

NOT DONE YET:

change binary / text to unparsed / parsed.

handle James's suggestion about < in attriubte values

uppercase hex characters,

namechar list,

</sitem>

<sitem>1997-12-01 : JB : add some column-width parameters</sitem>

<sitem>1997-12-01 : CMSMcQ : begin round of changes to incorporate

recent WG decisions and other corrections:

binding sources of character encoding info (27 Aug / 3 Sept),

correct wording of Faust quotation (restore dropped line),

drop SDD from EncodingDecl,

change text at version number 1.0,

drop misleading (wrong!) sentence about ignorables and extenders,

modify definition of PCData to make bar on msc grammatical,

change grammar's handling of internal subset (drop non-terminal markupdecls),

change definition of includeSect to allow conditional sections,

add integral-declaration constraint on internal subset,

drop misleading / dangerous sentence about relationship of

entities with system storage objects,

change table body tag to htbody as per EM change to DTD,

add rule about space normalization in public identifiers,

add description of how to generate our name-space rules from 

Unicode character database (needs further work!).

</sitem>

<sitem>1997-10-08 : TB : Removed %-constructs again, new rules

for PE appearance.</sitem>

<sitem>1997-10-01 : TB : Case-sensitive markup; cleaned up

element-type defs, lotsa little edits for style</sitem>

<sitem>1997-09-25 : TB : Change to elm's new DTD, with

substantial detail cleanup as a side-effect</sitem>

<sitem>1997-07-24 : CMSMcQ : correct error (lost *) in definition 

of ignoreSectContents (thanks to Makoto Murata)</sitem>

<sitem>Allow all empty elements to have end-tags, consistent with

SGML TC (as per JJC).</sitem>

<sitem>1997-07-23 : CMSMcQ : pre-emptive strike on pending corrections:

introduce the term 'empty-element tag', note that all empty elements

may use it, and elements declared EMPTY must use it.

Add WFC requiring encoding decl to come first in an entity.

Redefine notations to point to PIs as well as binary entities.

Change autodetection table by removing bytes 3 and 4 from 

examples with Byte Order Mark.

Add content model as a term and clarify that it applies to both

mixed and element content.

</sitem>

<sitem>1997-06-30 : CMSMcQ : change date, some cosmetic changes,

changes to productions for choice, seq, Mixed, NotationType,

Enumeration.  Follow James Clark's suggestion and prohibit 

conditional sections in internal subset.  TO DO:  simplify

production for ignored sections as a result, since we don't 

need to worry about parsers which don't expand PErefs finding

a conditional section.</sitem>

<sitem>1997-06-29 : TB : various edits</sitem>

<sitem>1997-06-29 : CMSMcQ : further changes:

Suppress old FINAL EDIT comments and some dead material.

Revise occurrences of % in grammar to exploit Henry Thompson's pun,

especially markupdecl and attdef.

Remove RMD requirement relating to element content (?).

</sitem>

<sitem>1997-06-28 : CMSMcQ : Various changes for 1 July draft:

Add text for draconian error handling (introduce

the term Fatal Error).

RE deleta est (changing wording from 

original announcement to restrict the requirement to validating

parsers).

Tag definition of validating processor and link to it.

Add colon as name character.

Change def of %operator.

Change standard definitions of lt, gt, amp.

Strip leading zeros from #x00nn forms.</sitem>

<sitem>1997-04-02 : CMSMcQ : final corrections of editorial errors

found in last night's proofreading.  Reverse course once more on

well-formed:   Webster's Second hyphenates it, and that's enough

for me.</sitem>

<sitem>1997-04-01 : CMSMcQ : corrections from JJC, EM, HT, and self</sitem>

<sitem>1997-03-31 : Tim Bray : many changes</sitem>

<sitem>1997-03-29 : CMSMcQ : some Henry Thompson (on entity handling),

some Charles Goldfarb, some ERB decisions (PE handling in miscellaneous

declarations.  Changed Ident element to accept def attribute.

Allow normalization of Unicode characters.  move def of systemliteral

into section on literals.</sitem>

<sitem>1997-03-28 : CMSMcQ : make as many corrections as possible, from

Terry Allen, Norbert Mikula, James Clark, Jon Bosak, Henry Thompson,

Paul Grosso, and self.  Among other things:  give in on "well formed"

(Terry is right), tentatively rename QuotedCData as AttValue

and Literal as EntityValue to be more informative, since attribute

values are the <emph>only</emph> place QuotedCData was used, and

vice versa for entity text and Literal. (I'd call it Entity Text, 

but 8879 uses that name for both internal and external entities.)</sitem>

<sitem>1997-03-26 : CMSMcQ : resynch the two forks of this draft, reapply

my changes dated 03-20 and 03-21.  Normalize old 'may not' to 'must not'

except in the one case where it meant 'may or may not'.</sitem>

<sitem>1997-03-21 : TB : massive changes on plane flight from Chicago

to Vancouver</sitem>

<sitem>1997-03-21 : CMSMcQ : correct as many reported errors as possible.

</sitem>

<sitem>1997-03-20 : CMSMcQ : correct typos listed in CMSMcQ hand copy of spec.</sitem>

<sitem>1997-03-20 : CMSMcQ : cosmetic changes preparatory to revision for

WWW conference April 1997:  restore some of the internal entity 

references (e.g. to docdate, etc.), change character xA0 to  

and define nbsp as  , and refill a lot of paragraphs for

legibility.</sitem>

<sitem>1996-11-12 : CMSMcQ : revise using Tim's edits:

Add list type of NUMBERED and change most lists either to

BULLETS or to NUMBERED.

Suppress QuotedNames, Names (not used).

Correct trivial-grammar doc type decl.

Rename 'marked section' as 'CDATA section' passim.

Also edits from James Clark:

Define the set of characters from which [^abc] subtracts.

Charref should use just [0-9] not Digit.

Location info needs cleaner treatment:  remove?  (ERB

question).

One example of a PI has wrong pic.

Clarify discussion of encoding names.

Encoding failure should lead to unspecified results; don't

prescribe error recovery.

Don't require exposure of entity boundaries.

Ignore white space in element content.

Reserve entity names of the form u-NNNN.

Clarify relative URLs.

And some of my own:

Correct productions for content model:  model cannot

consist of a name, so "elements ::= cp" is no good.

</sitem>

<sitem>1996-11-11 : CMSMcQ : revise for style.

Add new rhs to entity declaration, for parameter entities.</sitem>

<sitem>1996-11-10 : CMSMcQ : revise for style.

Fix / complete section on names, characters.

Add sections on parameter entities, conditional sections.

Still to do:  Add compatibility note on deterministic content models.

Finish stylistic revision.</sitem>

<sitem>1996-10-31 : TB : Add Entity Handling section</sitem>

<sitem>1996-10-30 : TB : Clean up term &amp; termdef.  Slip in

ERB decision re EMPTY.</sitem>

<sitem>1996-10-28 : TB : Change DTD.  Implement some of Michael's