<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<!-- Copyright (c) 2007-2010 Nokia Corporation and/or its subsidiary(-ies) All rights reserved. -->

<!-- This component and the accompanying materials are made available under the terms of the License 

"Eclipse Public License v1.0" which accompanies this distribution, 

and is available at the URL "http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html". -->

<!-- Initial Contributors:

    Nokia Corporation - initial contribution.

Contributors: 

-->

<!DOCTYPE concept

  PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DITA Concept//EN" "concept.dtd">

<concept id="GUID-2E402D4E-53A9-5BA6-9FBD-B2713DBC7858" xml:lang="en"><title>Peripheral

Power Domains</title><shortdesc>A peripheral power domain can be defined as being a peripheral,

or group of peripherals, whose power supply can be controlled independently

from the rest of the device, but not independently from other peripherals

within the same power domain. </shortdesc><prolog><metadata><keywords/></metadata></prolog><conbody>

<p>Power domains depend on the physical wiring of a device, and this must

be taken into account by the base port. They are usually manipulated when

peripherals or groups of peripherals transition between the <i>Operational

Power</i> and <i>Off</i> states. </p>

<p>The following diagram is an example of such an arrangement. </p>

<fig id="GUID-A9CA379B-F3B9-550C-9BDC-C072BFCA642D">

<title>Example of peripheral power domains</title>

<image href="GUID-A568F9D3-58E3-58D6-8A6E-4EC6BEC41A4D_d0e29723_href.png" placement="inline"/>

</fig>

<p>To reduce power leakage, it may be useful to cut the power supply to an

area or a group of peripherals in the ASIC or the hardware platform, when

all peripherals on that peripheral power domain have moved to the <i>Off</i> state. </p>

<p>In the arrangement shown here, when all peripherals on a power domain have

been powered down, the power supply to that domain can be cut off, using the

RESn signal. </p>

<p>A suggested implementation would have peripheral power domains modelled

by a <xref href="GUID-10105403-AF16-3908-AE9E-96CF2A03AD3A.dita"><apiname>MPowerInput</apiname></xref> reference counted object, and controlled

using the <xref href="GUID-10105403-AF16-3908-AE9E-96CF2A03AD3A.dita#GUID-10105403-AF16-3908-AE9E-96CF2A03AD3A/GUID-2BCA5312-43D9-3763-9636-3B2EB046D2C1"><apiname>MPowerInput::Use()</apiname></xref> and <xref href="GUID-10105403-AF16-3908-AE9E-96CF2A03AD3A.dita#GUID-10105403-AF16-3908-AE9E-96CF2A03AD3A/GUID-606ECD77-A5F7-3408-9B63-C68C0A7B73C6"><apiname>MPowerInput::Release()</apiname></xref> interfaces

that would enable the domain on request. The peripheral driver’s request on

that power resource would only be changed when entering the <i>Operational

Power</i> state from the <i>Off</i> state, or when entering or exiting the <i>Off</i> states.

In other words, a peripheral power domain should only be turned off when all

peripherals in that domain have transitioned to their <i>Off</i> state. </p>

<p>This is a suggested definition for a peripheral power domain class. </p>

<codeblock id="GUID-49E76C4B-F162-5735-8499-3198071111CD" xml:space="preserve">class PeripheralPowerDomain : public MPowerInput

    {

public:

    void InitPowerDomain();        // (optional) handles any initialisation

    void Use();                    // implementation of pure virtual

    void Release()                // implementation of pure virtual

    TUint GetCount();

private:

    TInt TurnSupplyOn();        // re-establishes power supply to this domain (asynch)

    TInt TurnSupplyOff();        // cuts power supply to this domain 

    };

      </codeblock>

<p>The <codeph>Use()</codeph> and <codeph>Release()</codeph> functions implement

a usage count. Peripheral drivers for peripherals on that domain will call

these functions whenever their power handler’s <codeph>PowerUp()</codeph> and <codeph>PowerDown()</codeph> member

functions are called, respectively. If the usage count is 0 and <codeph>Use()</codeph> is

called, it should call <codeph>TurnSupplyOn()</codeph>. If <codeph>Release()</codeph> is

called and the usage count is decremented to 0, <codeph>TurnSupplyOff()</codeph> is

called. </p>

<p>Often, re-establishing the power supply to a power domain is a lengthy

operation and should be modelled by an asynchronous operation. In that case <codeph>TurnSupplyOn()</codeph> should

be able to sleep the thread in which this function is called until the power

supply is stable. </p>

<p>We recommend that peripheral power domains are defined as part of, and

accessed through, a resource manager object as suggested in the discussion

of <xref href="GUID-3B6544CD-FA6E-5AB2-AA63-61186F52167D.dita">Controllable Power

Resources</xref>. Extending the original <xref href="GUID-3B6544CD-FA6E-5AB2-AA63-61186F52167D.dita#GUID-3B6544CD-FA6E-5AB2-AA63-61186F52167D/GUID-37A4098A-5E44-5744-BCE1-CDC8B876E654">A

suggested implementation of a resource manager</xref> would give us: </p>

<codeblock id="GUID-F4D57698-C77F-5CD0-BF7B-FCBECD96F64F" xml:space="preserve">class ResourceManager

    {

public:    

    void InitResources();                        // called by your Asic::Init3()/Asic::Init1()

    void Modify(TUint aSetMask, TUint aClrMask); // only 32 simple Resources can be managed

    TBool GetResourceState(TUint aResBitMask);   // only 1 bit set on this mask, returns On/Off

public:

    (MPowerInput-derived) iSharedResource1;      // 1 per shared resource

    (MPowerInput-derived) iSharedResource2;

    ...

    PeripheralPowerDomain iPeripheralPowerDomain1;

    PeripheralPowerDomain iPeripheralPowerDomain2;

    PeripheralPowerDomain iPeripheralPowerDomain3;

    ...

    };

      </codeblock>

<p>where <codeph>InitResources()</codeph> could call each <codeph>PeripheralPowerDomain::InitPowerDomain()</codeph>. </p>

<p>Peripheral power domains may also be a useful concept when transitioning

peripherals to low power mode after peripheral inactivity detection. It is

only after all peripherals on a peripheral power domain have requested moving

the resource to the level corresponding to low power that the resource level

can be changed. This is exemplified again in the block diagram above: when

all peripherals in a domain have requested transitioning to low power (using

a <codeph>ReleaseToLevel()</codeph> -type call) the power supply level to

that power domain can be set to VLowPwr. </p>

<p>The following base port software architecture diagram could be used to

address control of the peripheral power domains shown in the hardware block

diagram above: </p>

<fig id="GUID-2C8E6AF1-D82A-5539-96C3-921D9B3E2846">

<title>Base port software architecture diagram</title>

<image href="GUID-C3CE35FF-240E-5385-9088-38EF926ABB7B_d0e29836_href.png" placement="inline"/>

</fig>

</conbody></concept>