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<concept id="GUID-3100800B-B2F7-50EF-BD4C-3C345ECCB2A5" xml:lang="en"><title>The

Symbian build process</title><prolog><metadata><keywords/></metadata></prolog><conbody>

<p>Symbian platform programs are initially developed for a Symbian emulator

running on Windows, and are then rebuilt for the ARM processor (native) targets

used in real Symbian platform phones. Building can be performed from the Windows

command line, or from within an IDE if one is available. The descriptions

given in this documentation set concentrate on command line building, as documentation

for using an IDE is normally distributed with the IDE itself. </p>

<p> <b>Note:</b> This page includes a description of the use of Symbian's

SBSv1 build system, which provides the <codeph>bldmake</codeph> and <codeph>abld</codeph> command

line tools. Symbian also provides a newer command line build system, called

SBSv2, in its Platform Developer Toolkit (PDT) product. SBSv2 can help achieve

improved build speed over SBSv1. </p>

<section><title>Build targets</title> <p>This section describes the tools

and compilers supported on the kits supplied by Symbian. Note that licensees

or third-parties may supply additional tools, or extend support to additional

compilers which are not described here. </p> <p>Symbian build their emulator

code with the Metrowerks CodeWarrior compiler. This is known as the <codeph>WINSCW</codeph> build

target. Binaries built with this compiler are put in the <filepath>epoc32\release\winscw</filepath> and <filepath>epoc32\winscw</filepath> directory

trees. </p> <p>You can build your programs for the Symbian emulator using

Metrowerks CodeWarrior. The build tools also have support for using the Microsoft

Visual Studio .NET 2003, or Microsoft Visual Studio v6 IDEs. See <xref href="GUID-E08F6BA9-F1A9-50D5-8CBE-8304BBA24D1F.dita">The

Symbian emulator build targets</xref> for more details. </p> <p>To build code

for a phone, a compiler based on the Application Binary Interface (ABI) for

the ARM Architecture is needed. This is a standard for the interfaces of binary

code running in ARM environments, and is intended to allow inter-operation

of binaries produced by different compilers that conform to the standard.

The specification is published by ARM at <xref href="http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ihi0038a/index.html" scope="external">http://infocenter.arm.com</xref>. </p> <p>The Symbian platform

build tools are configured to work with two compilers in particular: </p> <ul>

<li id="GUID-0F50C5D5-9C66-5414-9952-CFB0B6C3E88C"><p>ARM's own RealView Compiler

Tools (RVCT). This is particularly intended for licensee's building ROMs for

phones. For details, see ARM's website at <xref href="http://www.arm.com/products/DevTools/RealViewDevSuite.html" scope="external">http://www.arm.com</xref>. </p> <p>The situation

is complicated by there existing two versions of the ARM ABI, referred to

as v1 and v2 respectively. The toolchain allows either to be chosen. </p> </li>

<li id="GUID-231F1526-3BB8-5602-B867-12B6A7CD11D9"><p>A version of the GNU

Compiler Collection (GCC) that supports the ABI for the ARM Architecture.

This compiler is delivered on Symbian platform kits, and is freely available.

This target is known as <codeph>GCCE</codeph>. It can only be used to compile

code to v2 of the ARM ABI, not to the earlier v1. </p> </li>

</ul> <p>See <xref href="GUID-763DCEF4-C960-58A2-99DC-7FFD3187BFD4.dita">The native

build targets</xref> for more details. </p> </section>

<section><title>Project files</title> <p>Because of the variety of targets

and toolchains available, Symbian platform allows projects to be specified

in a form not specific to any. These neutral project files are then used by

Symbian platform tools to create toolchain-specific project files when these

are required. </p> <p>The key project files are: </p> <ul>

<li id="GUID-015E5371-C812-5654-84AF-E29715AF9356"><p>a project definition

file (<filepath>.mmp</filepath> file) that describes a project to be built.

This is an environment neutral file that can be used by the tools to produce

make files for any of the supported target environments. It also defines resource

file and application information files to be built. </p> </li>

<li id="GUID-1F3FEF0C-98BC-582F-B973-04D51F50E1D4"><p>a component description

file (<filepath>bld.inf</filepath>), which lists all the projects in a component,

and gives additional build instructions. </p> </li>

</ul> <p>When you create a new project, you write these files (or typically

copy existing similar files and modify them) in a text editor. IDE's may allow

new projects to be created from existing template projects. </p> <p>See <xref href="GUID-81835322-5EF7-5839-9DC1-9A3FD396BD36.dita">How to build GUI applications</xref>, <xref href="GUID-594488FF-02C9-5066-85DB-5F88A754AE18.dita">How to build DLLs</xref>,

and <xref href="GUID-12D8C373-5199-5B89-9910-00F769AC164A.dita">How to build EXEs</xref> for

guidance on how to write project files for the three most common types of

program. See the <xref href="GUID-49397CFD-955A-5DF6-9251-368C44224966.dita">Build

tools reference</xref> for details on the file formats and syntax. </p> </section>

<section><title>Building from the command line</title> <p>You can build for

any target from the command line. The procedure is summarised below. </p> <ol id="GUID-6F57EEBA-7ECA-529C-AC4F-7B22AE90DFC3">

<li id="GUID-315A168A-926A-57D9-B1DF-CB36F6C8DED2"><p>Create a project specification

(<filepath>.mmp</filepath>) file. </p> </li>

<li id="GUID-F3C9187F-AAF6-5D4B-AE0E-135A152011CF"><p>Create a component definition

file (<filepath>bld.inf</filepath>). In many cases this will specify a single

project <filepath>mmp</filepath> file. </p> </li>

<li id="GUID-8641EE54-AA0C-5825-A510-43DA55B36D11"><p>Run <filepath>bldmake</filepath> from

the directory where the <filepath>bld.inf</filepath> file is located: </p> <p><userinput>bldmake

bldfiles</userinput> </p> <p>This creates a <filepath>abld.bat</filepath> batch

file, which you use in the next step. </p> </li>

<li id="GUID-B49FCB10-1058-5C0F-A0FD-216C2D1D8A9B"><p>Use <systemoutput>abld

build</systemoutput> to build the project. </p> <p>This builds the project

for all valid targets and both release and debug variants. To build for a

particular target and variant, use <systemoutput>abld                 build

target-name variant</systemoutput>, for example </p> <p><userinput>abld build

winscw udeb</userinput> </p> <p>to build for the debug variant of WINSCW. </p> </li>

</ol> <p>For more details on using the tools, see <xref href="GUID-793A5EF9-CC16-5EEB-9011-6431EA76EB15.dita">How

to use bldmake</xref> and <xref href="GUID-B6B54E07-3B34-5D5C-8815-93383FA8FB4B.dita">How

to use abld</xref>. </p> </section>